style(sidecar): gofmt hmac_test.go

Align comment spacing flagged by the fast-gate gofmt check.

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -2,6 +2,22 @@
 
 All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 
+## [v1.0.45] - 2026-06-01
+
+### Features
+
+- **errors**: Add typed envelope contract for auth-domain errors (#1135)
+- **platform**: Support multiple policy rules per plugin (#1182)
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+- **vc**: Add domain boundaries and enrich `+notes` (#1172)
+- **whiteboard**: Fix whiteboard skill (#1180)
+
+### Refactor
+
+- **auth**: Update login hint and split-flow docs (#1201)
+
 ## [v1.0.44] - 2026-05-29
 
 ### Features
@@ -948,6 +964,7 @@ Bundled AI agent skills for intelligent assistance:
 - Bilingual documentation (English & Chinese).
 - CI/CD pipelines: linting, testing, coverage reporting, and automated releases.
 
+[v1.0.45]: https://github.com/larksuite/cli/releases/tag/v1.0.45
 [v1.0.44]: https://github.com/larksuite/cli/releases/tag/v1.0.44
 [v1.0.43]: https://github.com/larksuite/cli/releases/tag/v1.0.43
 [v1.0.42]: https://github.com/larksuite/cli/releases/tag/v1.0.42

cmd/config/init_interactive.go

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ package config
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"net/http"
 
 	"github.com/charmbracelet/huh"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/build"
@@ -17,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/cmdutil"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/output"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/transport"
 )
 
 // configInitResult holds the result of the interactive config init flow.
@@ -177,7 +177,9 @@ func runCreateAppFlow(ctx context.Context, f *cmdutil.Factory, brandOverride cor
 	}
 
 	// Step 1: Request app registration (begin)
-	httpClient := &http.Client{}
+	// Use the shared proxy-plugin-aware transport so registration traffic is not
+	// a bypass of proxy plugin mode.
+	httpClient := transport.NewHTTPClient(0)
 	authResp, err := larkauth.RequestAppRegistration(httpClient, larkBrand, f.IOStreams.ErrOut)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errs.NewConfigError(errs.SubtypeInvalidClient, "app registration failed: %v", err).WithCause(err)

cmd/doctor/doctor.go

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/identitydiag"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/output"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/transport"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/update"
 )
 
@@ -152,7 +153,9 @@ func networkChecks(ctx context.Context, opts *DoctorOptions, ep core.Endpoints)
 		}
 	}
 
-	httpClient := &http.Client{}
+	// Use the shared proxy-plugin-aware transport so connectivity checks reflect
+	// the real egress path (and are blocked when proxy plugin fails closed).
+	httpClient := transport.NewHTTPClient(0)
 	mcpURL := ep.MCP + "/mcp"
 
 	type probeResult struct {

extension/transport/sidecar/interceptor.go

@@ -4,11 +4,12 @@
 //go:build authsidecar
 
 // Package sidecar provides a transport interceptor for the auth sidecar
-// proxy mode. When LARKSUITE_CLI_AUTH_PROXY is set (an HTTP URL), all
+// proxy mode. When LARKSUITE_CLI_AUTH_PROXY is set (an http:// or https://
-// outgoing requests are rewritten to the sidecar address. The interceptor
+// URL), all outgoing requests are rewritten to the sidecar address. The
-// strips placeholder credentials, injects proxy headers, and signs each
+// interceptor strips placeholder credentials, injects proxy headers, and
-// request with HMAC-SHA256. No custom DialContext is needed — Go's
+// signs each request with HMAC-SHA256. No custom DialContext is needed —
-// standard http.Transport connects to the sidecar via plain HTTP.
+// Go's standard http.Transport connects to the sidecar via HTTP, or via
+// HTTPS (TLS) when the sidecar address is an https:// URL.
 package sidecar
 
 import (
@@ -46,15 +47,17 @@ func (p *Provider) ResolveInterceptor(ctx context.Context) transport.Interceptor
 	}
 	key := os.Getenv(envvars.CliProxyKey)
 	return &Interceptor{
-		key:         []byte(key),
+		key:           []byte(key),
-		sidecarHost: sidecar.ProxyHost(proxyAddr),
+		sidecarHost:   sidecar.ProxyHost(proxyAddr),
+		sidecarScheme: sidecar.ProxyScheme(proxyAddr),
 	}
 }
 
 // Interceptor rewrites requests for the sidecar proxy.
 type Interceptor struct {
-	key         []byte // HMAC signing key
+	key           []byte // HMAC signing key
-	sidecarHost string // sidecar host:port for URL rewriting
+	sidecarHost   string // sidecar host[:port] for URL rewriting
+	sidecarScheme string // "http" (same-host) or "https" (remote TLS sidecar)
 }
 
 // PreRoundTrip rewrites the request for sidecar routing when it carries a
@@ -130,8 +133,13 @@ func (i *Interceptor) PreRoundTrip(req *http.Request) func(resp *http.Response,
 	req.Header.Set(sidecar.HeaderProxyTimestamp, ts)
 	req.Header.Set(sidecar.HeaderProxySignature, sig)
 
-	// 5. Rewrite URL to route through sidecar
+	// 5. Rewrite URL to route through sidecar. Scheme follows the configured
-	req.URL.Scheme = "http"
+	// proxy address: https for a remote (TLS) sidecar, http for a same-host one.
+	scheme := i.sidecarScheme
+	if scheme == "" {
+		scheme = "http"
+	}
+	req.URL.Scheme = scheme
 	req.URL.Host = i.sidecarHost
 
 	return nil // no post-hook needed

extension/transport/sidecar/interceptor_test.go

@@ -7,11 +7,13 @@ package sidecar
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/envvars"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/sidecar"
 )
 
@@ -97,6 +99,54 @@ func TestInterceptor_PreRoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestInterceptor_PreRoundTrip_HTTPS verifies that a remote (TLS) sidecar
+// rewrites the request to https://<remote-host>, while still preserving the
+// original target and signing the request.
+func TestInterceptor_PreRoundTrip_HTTPS(t *testing.T) {
+	key := []byte("test-key-for-hmac-signing-32byte!")
+	interceptor := &Interceptor{key: key, sidecarHost: "sidecar.mycorp.com", sidecarScheme: "https"}
+
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "https://open.feishu.cn/open-apis/im/v1/chats", nil)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+sidecar.SentinelUAT)
+
+	interceptor.PreRoundTrip(req)
+
+	if req.URL.Scheme != "https" {
+		t.Errorf("scheme = %q, want %q", req.URL.Scheme, "https")
+	}
+	if req.URL.Host != "sidecar.mycorp.com" {
+		t.Errorf("host = %q, want %q", req.URL.Host, "sidecar.mycorp.com")
+	}
+	// Original target still preserved for the sidecar to forward upstream.
+	if target := req.Header.Get(sidecar.HeaderProxyTarget); target != "https://open.feishu.cn" {
+		t.Errorf("target = %q, want %q", target, "https://open.feishu.cn")
+	}
+	// Request is still signed.
+	if sig := req.Header.Get(sidecar.HeaderProxySignature); sig == "" {
+		t.Error("signature header should be set")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestResolveInterceptor_HTTPSScheme pins the end-to-end env→scheme path: a
+// (mixed-case) https proxy address must produce an interceptor that rewrites to
+// https, never silently downgrading a remote sidecar to plaintext http.
+func TestResolveInterceptor_HTTPSScheme(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliAuthProxy, "HTTPS://sidecar.mycorp.com") // uppercase on purpose
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliProxyKey, "key")
+
+	ic := (&Provider{}).ResolveInterceptor(context.Background())
+	si, ok := ic.(*Interceptor)
+	if !ok || si == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected *Interceptor, got %T", ic)
+	}
+	if si.sidecarScheme != "https" {
+		t.Errorf("sidecarScheme = %q, want %q (uppercase HTTPS must not downgrade)", si.sidecarScheme, "https")
+	}
+	if si.sidecarHost != "sidecar.mycorp.com" {
+		t.Errorf("sidecarHost = %q, want %q", si.sidecarHost, "sidecar.mycorp.com")
+	}
+}
+
 func TestInterceptor_BotIdentity(t *testing.T) {
 	interceptor := &Interceptor{key: []byte("key"), sidecarHost: "127.0.0.1:16384"}
 

internal/auth/transport.go

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/errclass"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/util"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/transport"
 )
 
 // SecurityPolicyTransport is an http.RoundTripper that intercepts all responses
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ func (t *SecurityPolicyTransport) base() http.RoundTripper {
 	if t.Base != nil {
 		return t.Base
 	}
-	return util.FallbackTransport()
+	return transport.Fallback()
 }
 
 // RoundTrip implements http.RoundTripper.

internal/cmdutil/factory_default.go

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/keychain"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/registry"
 	_ "github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/security/contentsafety" // register content safety provider
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/util"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/transport"
 	_ "github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/vfs/localfileio" // register default FileIO provider
 )
 
@@ -102,15 +102,15 @@ func safeRedirectPolicy(req *http.Request, via []*http.Request) error {
 
 func cachedHttpClientFunc(f *Factory) func() (*http.Client, error) {
 	return sync.OnceValues(func() (*http.Client, error) {
-		util.WarnIfProxied(f.IOStreams.ErrOut)
+		transport.WarnIfProxied(f.IOStreams.ErrOut)
 
-		var transport http.RoundTripper = util.SharedTransport()
+		var rt http.RoundTripper = transport.Shared()
-		transport = &RetryTransport{Base: transport}
+		rt = &RetryTransport{Base: rt}
-		transport = &SecurityHeaderTransport{Base: transport}
+		rt = &SecurityHeaderTransport{Base: rt}
-		transport = &auth.SecurityPolicyTransport{Base: transport} // Add our global response interceptor
+		rt = &auth.SecurityPolicyTransport{Base: rt} // Add our global response interceptor
-		transport = wrapWithExtension(transport)
+		rt = wrapWithExtension(rt)
 		client := &http.Client{
-			Transport:     transport,
+			Transport:     rt,
 			Timeout:       30 * time.Second,
 			CheckRedirect: safeRedirectPolicy,
 		}
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ func cachedLarkClientFunc(f *Factory) func() (*lark.Client, error) {
 			lark.WithLogLevel(larkcore.LogLevelError),
 			lark.WithHeaders(BaseSecurityHeaders()),
 		}
-		util.WarnIfProxied(f.IOStreams.ErrOut)
+		transport.WarnIfProxied(f.IOStreams.ErrOut)
 		opts = append(opts, lark.WithHttpClient(&http.Client{
 			Transport:     buildSDKTransport(),
 			CheckRedirect: safeRedirectPolicy,
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ func cachedLarkClientFunc(f *Factory) func() (*lark.Client, error) {
 }
 
 func buildSDKTransport() http.RoundTripper {
-	var sdkTransport http.RoundTripper = util.SharedTransport()
+	var sdkTransport http.RoundTripper = transport.Shared()
 	sdkTransport = &RetryTransport{Base: sdkTransport}
 	sdkTransport = &UserAgentTransport{Base: sdkTransport}
 	sdkTransport = &BuildHeaderTransport{Base: sdkTransport}

internal/cmdutil/secheader.go

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ const (
 
 	officialModulePath = "github.com/larksuite/cli"
 
-	agentTraceMaxLen = 256
+	agentTraceMaxLen = 1024
 )
 
 // UserAgentValue returns the User-Agent value: "lark-cli/{version}".

internal/cmdutil/transport.go

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	exttransport "github.com/larksuite/cli/extension/transport"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/util"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/transport"
 )
 
 // RetryTransport is an http.RoundTripper that retries on 5xx responses
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ func (t *RetryTransport) base() http.RoundTripper {
 	if t.Base != nil {
 		return t.Base
 	}
-	return util.FallbackTransport()
+	return transport.Fallback()
 }
 
 func (t *RetryTransport) delay() time.Duration {
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ func (t *UserAgentTransport) RoundTrip(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error
 	if t.Base != nil {
 		return t.Base.RoundTrip(req)
 	}
-	return util.FallbackTransport().RoundTrip(req)
+	return transport.Fallback().RoundTrip(req)
 }
 
 // BuildHeaderTransport is an http.RoundTripper that force-writes the
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ func (t *BuildHeaderTransport) RoundTrip(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, err
 	if t.Base != nil {
 		return t.Base.RoundTrip(req)
 	}
-	return util.FallbackTransport().RoundTrip(req)
+	return transport.Fallback().RoundTrip(req)
 }
 
 // SecurityHeaderTransport is an http.RoundTripper that injects CLI security
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ func (t *SecurityHeaderTransport) base() http.RoundTripper {
 	if t.Base != nil {
 		return t.Base
 	}
-	return util.FallbackTransport()
+	return transport.Fallback()
 }
 
 // RoundTrip implements http.RoundTripper.

internal/cmdutil/transport_test.go

@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ func TestBuildHeaderTransport_OverridesEvenWithoutTamper(t *testing.T) {
 
 // TestBuildHeaderTransport_NilBase_UsesFallback verifies that when Base is nil,
 // the transport still sets X-Cli-Build and routes the request through
-// util.FallbackTransport rather than panicking. This covers the fallback
+// transport.Fallback rather than panicking. This covers the fallback
 // branch in RoundTrip that is otherwise unreachable with a non-nil Base.
 func TestBuildHeaderTransport_NilBase_UsesFallback(t *testing.T) {
 	var receivedBuild string

internal/envvars/envvars.go

@@ -13,11 +13,15 @@ const (
 	CliStrictMode        = "LARKSUITE_CLI_STRICT_MODE"
 
 	// Sidecar proxy (auth proxy mode)
-	CliAuthProxy = "LARKSUITE_CLI_AUTH_PROXY" // sidecar HTTP address, e.g. "http://127.0.0.1:16384"
+	CliAuthProxy = "LARKSUITE_CLI_AUTH_PROXY" // sidecar address http(s)://host[:port]; plaintext http is same-host only, a remote sidecar must use https. e.g. "http://127.0.0.1:16384" or "https://sidecar.mycorp.com"
 	CliProxyKey  = "LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_KEY"  // HMAC signing key shared with sidecar
 
 	// Content safety scanning mode
 	CliContentSafetyMode = "LARKSUITE_CLI_CONTENT_SAFETY_MODE"
 
 	CliAgentTrace = "LARKSUITE_CLI_AGENT_TRACE"
+
+	CliProxyEnable  = "LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ENABLE"
+	CliProxyAddress = "LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ADDRESS"
+	CliCAPath       = "LARKSUITE_CLI_CA_PATH"
 )

internal/registry/remote.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/build"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/transport"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/validate"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/vfs"
 )
@@ -178,7 +179,9 @@ func saveCachedMerged(data []byte, meta CacheMeta) error {
 // localVersion is sent as data_version query param for server-side version comparison.
 // Returns (data, reg, err). A nil reg means the version is unchanged (not modified).
 func fetchRemoteMerged(localVersion string) (data []byte, reg *MergedRegistry, err error) {
-	client := &http.Client{Timeout: fetchTimeout}
+	// Route through the shared proxy-plugin-aware transport so remote API
+	// definition fetches honor proxy plugin mode instead of bypassing it.
+	client := transport.NewHTTPClient(fetchTimeout)
 	req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", remoteMetaURL(localVersion), nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, err

internal/transport/config.go

@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+// Package transport owns how the CLI assembles its outbound HTTP transport: the
+// shared base RoundTripper (Shared/Fallback/NewHTTPClient), the LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY
+// direct-egress clone, and the ~/.lark-cli/proxy_config.json proxy-plugin mode.
+//
+// Proxy-plugin mode forces all outbound HTTP(S) requests through a fixed loopback
+// proxy, optionally trusting an extra root CA PEM bundle for TLS-inspection
+// proxies, and fails closed on misconfiguration. Environment variables override
+// matching values from proxy_config.json.
+package transport
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/binding"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/envvars"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/vfs"
+)
+
+// ConfigFileName is the fixed config file name under core.GetConfigDir().
+const (
+	ConfigFileName = "proxy_config.json"
+)
+
+// Config is the on-disk config format. Keys intentionally mirror env var names.
+type Config struct {
+	// Enable turns on proxy plugin transport handling.
+	Enable bool `json:"LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ENABLE"`
+
+	// Proxy is the fixed HTTP proxy address used for all outbound requests.
+	Proxy string `json:"LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ADDRESS"`
+
+	// CAPath points to an extra PEM bundle trusted for proxy TLS interception.
+	CAPath string `json:"LARKSUITE_CLI_CA_PATH"`
+}
+
+// Path returns the absolute path to the proxy plugin config file.
+func Path() string {
+	return filepath.Join(core.GetConfigDir(), ConfigFileName)
+}
+
+// loadOnce guards one-time proxy config loading for process-wide transport reuse.
+var loadOnce sync.Once
+
+// loadCfg stores the cached proxy config after the first successful Load call.
+var loadCfg *Config
+
+// loadErr stores the cached Load error observed during the first load attempt.
+var loadErr error
+
+// Load reads ~/.lark-cli/proxy_config.json once and caches the parsed result.
+// Environment variables (CliProxyEnable/CliProxyAddress/CliCAPath) take precedence over config file values.
+//
+// Returns (nil, nil) only when:
+//   - the config file does not exist AND
+//   - none of the proxy-related env vars are present.
+func Load() (*Config, error) {
+	loadOnce.Do(func() {
+		// Start from env-only config if any proxy env var is present.
+		cfg, hasEnv, err := loadFromEnv()
+		if err != nil {
+			loadErr = err
+			return
+		}
+
+		p := Path()
+		if _, err := vfs.Stat(p); err != nil {
+			if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+				// No file: return env-only config (if any), else nil.
+				if hasEnv {
+					loadCfg = cfg
+				} else {
+					loadCfg = nil
+				}
+				loadErr = nil
+				return
+			}
+			loadErr = fmt.Errorf("failed to stat proxy plugin config %q: %w", p, err)
+			return
+		}
+		// Security hardening: this config dictates where ALL outbound CLI traffic
+		// egresses and which extra CA is trusted, so a file another local user or
+		// process can tamper with (symlink, foreign owner, group/world-writable)
+		// could redirect credential traffic. Audit it the same way the CA file is.
+		safePath, err := binding.AssertSecurePath(binding.AuditParams{
+			TargetPath:            p,
+			Label:                 ConfigFileName,
+			AllowReadableByOthers: true, // config is not a secret; only writability/owner/symlink matter
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			loadErr = fmt.Errorf("unsafe proxy plugin config %q: %w", p, err)
+			return
+		}
+		b, err := vfs.ReadFile(safePath)
+		if err != nil {
+			loadErr = fmt.Errorf("failed to read proxy plugin config %q: %w", p, err)
+			return
+		}
+		var fileCfg Config
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(b, &fileCfg); err != nil {
+			loadErr = fmt.Errorf("invalid proxy plugin config %q: %w", p, err)
+			return
+		}
+
+		// Merge: file base + env overrides.
+		if cfg == nil {
+			cfg = &fileCfg
+		} else {
+			*cfg = fileCfg
+			applyEnvOverrides(cfg)
+		}
+		loadCfg = cfg
+	})
+	return loadCfg, loadErr
+}
+
+// Enabled reports whether proxy plugin mode is enabled.
+func (c *Config) Enabled() bool { return c != nil && c.Enable }
+
+// loadFromEnv builds a config from proxy-related environment variables only.
+// It reports whether any proxy-related environment variable was present.
+func loadFromEnv() (*Config, bool, error) {
+	_, hasEnable := os.LookupEnv(envvars.CliProxyEnable)
+	_, hasProxy := os.LookupEnv(envvars.CliProxyAddress)
+	_, hasCA := os.LookupEnv(envvars.CliCAPath)
+	hasAny := hasEnable || hasProxy || hasCA
+	if !hasAny {
+		return nil, false, nil
+	}
+	cfg := &Config{}
+	if err := applyEnvOverrides(cfg); err != nil {
+		return nil, true, err
+	}
+	return cfg, true, nil
+}
+
+// applyEnvOverrides copies proxy-related environment variable values into cfg.
+func applyEnvOverrides(cfg *Config) error {
+	if v, ok := os.LookupEnv(envvars.CliProxyEnable); ok {
+		b, err := parseBoolEnv(envvars.CliProxyEnable, v)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		cfg.Enable = b
+	}
+	if v, ok := os.LookupEnv(envvars.CliProxyAddress); ok {
+		cfg.Proxy = v
+	}
+	if v, ok := os.LookupEnv(envvars.CliCAPath); ok {
+		cfg.CAPath = v
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// parseBoolEnv accepts common boolean spellings used in environment variables.
+func parseBoolEnv(name, raw string) (bool, error) {
+	s := strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(raw))
+	if s == "" {
+		// Treat empty as false when explicitly present.
+		return false, nil
+	}
+	switch s {
+	case "1", "true", "on", "yes", "y":
+		return true, nil
+	case "0", "false", "off", "no", "n":
+		return false, nil
+	}
+	if b, err := strconv.ParseBool(s); err == nil {
+		return b, nil
+	}
+	return false, fmt.Errorf("invalid %s %q (want true/false/1/0)", name, raw)
+}
+
+// proxyURL validates the fixed configured proxy configuration and returns its URL.
+func (c *Config) proxyURL() (*url.URL, error) {
+	raw := strings.TrimSpace(c.Proxy)
+	if raw == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s is empty", envvars.CliProxyAddress)
+	}
+	redacted := redactProxyURL(raw)
+	u, err := url.Parse(raw)
+	if err != nil {
+		// Do not wrap the raw url.Parse error: its string embeds the original
+		// URL, which can contain userinfo (user:password). Return a redacted,
+		// generic message instead.
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid %s %q: malformed URL", envvars.CliProxyAddress, redacted)
+	}
+	if u.Scheme != "http" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid %s %q: scheme must be http", envvars.CliProxyAddress, redacted)
+	}
+	if u.Host == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid %s %q: missing host", envvars.CliProxyAddress, redacted)
+	}
+	// Security hardening: only allow a loopback proxy. This prevents accidental
+	// cross-machine proxying of credentials/traffic.
+	if u.Hostname() != "127.0.0.1" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid %s %q: host must be 127.0.0.1", envvars.CliProxyAddress, redacted)
+	}
+	if u.Port() == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid %s %q: explicit port is required", envvars.CliProxyAddress, redacted)
+	}
+	if u.Path != "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid %s %q: path is not allowed", envvars.CliProxyAddress, redacted)
+	}
+	if u.RawQuery != "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid %s %q: query is not allowed", envvars.CliProxyAddress, redacted)
+	}
+	if u.Fragment != "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid %s %q: fragment is not allowed", envvars.CliProxyAddress, redacted)
+	}
+	return u, nil
+}
+
+// ApplyToTransport clones base and applies proxy plugin settings to the clone.
+// Caller owns the returned *http.Transport.
+func (c *Config) ApplyToTransport(base *http.Transport) (*http.Transport, error) {
+	if base == nil {
+		base = http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport)
+	}
+	u, err := c.proxyURL()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	t := base.Clone()
+	t.Proxy = http.ProxyURL(u) // fixed proxy overrides environment proxy vars
+	if err := applyExtraRootCA(t, c.CAPath); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return t, nil
+}

internal/transport/config_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,372 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package transport
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/envvars"
+)
+
+// unsetEnv clears key for the duration of the test and restores its original value.
+func unsetEnv(t *testing.T, key string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	old, had := os.LookupEnv(key)
+	_ = os.Unsetenv(key)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		if had {
+			_ = os.Setenv(key, old)
+		} else {
+			_ = os.Unsetenv(key)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// unsetProxyPluginEnv clears proxy-related environment variables for deterministic tests.
+func unsetProxyPluginEnv(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Helper()
+	unsetEnv(t, envvars.CliProxyEnable)
+	unsetEnv(t, envvars.CliProxyAddress)
+	unsetEnv(t, envvars.CliCAPath)
+}
+
+// writeFile creates parent directories and writes test data for fixtures.
+func writeFile(t *testing.T, path string, data []byte, perm os.FileMode) {
+	t.Helper()
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(path), 0700); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("MkdirAll: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(path, data, perm); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("WriteFile: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestLoad_MissingFileReturnsNil verifies that Load reports no config when no file
+// or proxy environment overrides exist.
+func TestLoad_MissingFileReturnsNil(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	loadOnce = sync.Once{}
+	loadCfg = nil
+	loadErr = nil
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	// TestLoad_MissingFileReturnsNil must reset loadOnce, loadCfg, and loadErr
+	// because multiple tests in this package share the package-level Load()
+	// cache via sync.Once.
+	cfg, err := Load()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Load() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if cfg != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Load() = %#v, want nil (missing file)", cfg)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestApplyToTransport_SetsProxy verifies that a valid proxy config installs a fixed proxy.
+func TestApplyToTransport_SetsProxy(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	loadOnce = sync.Once{}
+	loadCfg = nil
+	loadErr = nil
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+
+	cfgPath := Path()
+	writeFile(t, cfgPath, []byte(`{
+  "LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ENABLE": true,
+  "LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ADDRESS": "http://127.0.0.1:3128",
+  "LARKSUITE_CLI_CA_PATH": ""
+}`), 0600)
+
+	cfg, err := Load()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Load() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if cfg == nil || !cfg.Enabled() {
+		t.Fatalf("cfg.Enabled() = %v, want true", cfg)
+	}
+
+	base := http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport)
+	tr, err := cfg.ApplyToTransport(base)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ApplyToTransport() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if tr.Proxy == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Proxy func is nil, want fixed proxy")
+	}
+	u, err := tr.Proxy(&http.Request{URL: &url.URL{Scheme: "https", Host: "open.feishu.cn"}})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Proxy() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if u == nil || u.String() != "http://127.0.0.1:3128" {
+		t.Fatalf("Proxy() = %v, want http://127.0.0.1:3128", u)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestLoad_RejectsNonLoopbackProxy verifies that proxy mode rejects non-loopback proxies.
+func TestLoad_RejectsNonLoopbackProxy(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	loadOnce = sync.Once{}
+	loadCfg = nil
+	loadErr = nil
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+
+	cfgPath := Path()
+	writeFile(t, cfgPath, []byte(`{
+  "LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ENABLE": true,
+  "LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ADDRESS": "http://10.0.0.1:3128",
+  "LARKSUITE_CLI_CA_PATH": ""
+}`), 0600)
+
+	cfg, err := Load()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Load() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if cfg == nil || !cfg.Enabled() {
+		t.Fatalf("cfg.Enabled() = %v, want true", cfg)
+	}
+	_, err = cfg.ApplyToTransport(http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport))
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("ApplyToTransport() error = nil, want invalid proxy host error")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestConfig_ProxyURLRejectsUnsupportedParts verifies the configured proxy validator
+// rejects URLs with missing ports, paths, queries, and fragments.
+func TestConfig_ProxyURLRejectsUnsupportedParts(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name string
+		raw  string
+		want string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "missing explicit port",
+			raw:  "http://127.0.0.1",
+			want: "explicit port is required",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "trailing slash path",
+			raw:  "http://127.0.0.1:3128/",
+			want: "path is not allowed",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "query string",
+			raw:  "http://127.0.0.1:3128?foo=bar",
+			want: "query is not allowed",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "fragment",
+			raw:  "http://127.0.0.1:3128#frag",
+			want: "fragment is not allowed",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range cases {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			_, err := (&Config{Proxy: tt.raw}).proxyURL()
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Fatalf("proxyURL() error = nil, want substring %q", tt.want)
+			}
+			if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), tt.want) {
+				t.Fatalf("proxyURL() error = %q, want substring %q", err, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestLoad_EnvOnlyConfig verifies that proxy settings can come entirely from environment variables.
+func TestLoad_EnvOnlyConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	loadOnce = sync.Once{}
+	loadCfg = nil
+	loadErr = nil
+
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliProxyEnable, "true")
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliProxyAddress, "http://127.0.0.1:7777")
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliCAPath, "")
+
+	cfg, err := Load()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Load() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if cfg == nil || !cfg.Enabled() {
+		t.Fatalf("cfg.Enabled() = %v, want true", cfg)
+	}
+	tr, err := cfg.ApplyToTransport(http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ApplyToTransport() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	u, err := tr.Proxy(&http.Request{URL: &url.URL{Scheme: "https", Host: "open.feishu.cn"}})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Proxy() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if u == nil || u.String() != "http://127.0.0.1:7777" {
+		t.Fatalf("Proxy() = %v, want http://127.0.0.1:7777", u)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestLoad_EnvOverridesFile verifies that proxy environment variables override file values.
+func TestLoad_EnvOverridesFile(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	loadOnce = sync.Once{}
+	loadCfg = nil
+	loadErr = nil
+
+	// File enables with one proxy.
+	cfgPath := Path()
+	writeFile(t, cfgPath, []byte(`{
+  "LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ENABLE": true,
+  "LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ADDRESS": "http://127.0.0.1:3128",
+  "LARKSUITE_CLI_CA_PATH": ""
+}`), 0600)
+
+	// Env overrides: disable + different proxy (should be irrelevant once disabled).
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliProxyEnable, "false")
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliProxyAddress, "http://127.0.0.1:9999")
+
+	cfg, err := Load()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Load() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if cfg == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Load() = nil, want non-nil (file exists)")
+	}
+	if cfg.Enabled() {
+		t.Fatalf("cfg.Enabled() = true, want false (env override)")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestConfig_ProxyURLMalformedDoesNotLeakUserinfo verifies that a malformed proxy
+// URL containing credentials does not leak those credentials in the error string.
+// url.Parse error strings embed the original URL, so wrapping them with %w would
+// expose user:password.
+func TestConfig_ProxyURLMalformedDoesNotLeakUserinfo(t *testing.T) {
+	// Invalid percent-encoding in host makes url.Parse fail while userinfo is present.
+	raw := "http://user:s3cret@%zz"
+	_, err := (&Config{Proxy: raw}).proxyURL()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("proxyURL() error = nil, want malformed URL error")
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "s3cret") {
+		t.Fatalf("proxyURL() error leaks password: %q", err)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "user:") {
+		t.Fatalf("proxyURL() error leaks username: %q", err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "malformed URL") {
+		t.Fatalf("proxyURL() error = %q, want it to mention malformed URL", err)
+	}
+	// The redacted form should still be present for diagnostics.
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "***") {
+		t.Fatalf("proxyURL() error = %q, want redacted userinfo marker", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// resetLoadState resets the package-level Load() cache for deterministic tests.
+func resetLoadState() {
+	loadOnce = sync.Once{}
+	loadCfg = nil
+	loadErr = nil
+}
+
+// TestLoad_RejectsWorldWritableConfig verifies that a world-writable proxy config
+// is rejected rather than silently trusted (it could be tampered with by other
+// local processes to redirect credential traffic).
+func TestLoad_RejectsWorldWritableConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+		t.Skip("POSIX permission semantics")
+	}
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	resetLoadState()
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+
+	p := Path()
+	writeFile(t, p, []byte(`{"LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ENABLE":true,"LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ADDRESS":"http://127.0.0.1:3128"}`), 0600)
+	// Chmod (not WriteFile perm) so umask cannot strip the world-writable bit.
+	if err := os.Chmod(p, 0o666); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Chmod: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	_, err := Load()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Load() error = nil, want unsafe-config error for world-writable file")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "world-writable") {
+		t.Fatalf("Load() error = %q, want world-writable rejection", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestLoad_RejectsGroupWritableConfig verifies group-writable configs are rejected.
+func TestLoad_RejectsGroupWritableConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+		t.Skip("POSIX permission semantics")
+	}
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	resetLoadState()
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+
+	p := Path()
+	writeFile(t, p, []byte(`{"LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ENABLE":true,"LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ADDRESS":"http://127.0.0.1:3128"}`), 0600)
+	if err := os.Chmod(p, 0o660); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Chmod: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	_, err := Load()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Load() error = nil, want unsafe-config error for group-writable file")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "group-writable") {
+		t.Fatalf("Load() error = %q, want group-writable rejection", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestLoad_RejectsSymlinkConfig verifies that a symlinked proxy config is rejected,
+// preventing redirection of the trusted config path to an attacker-controlled file.
+func TestLoad_RejectsSymlinkConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+		t.Skip("symlink creation is privileged on Windows")
+	}
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", dir)
+	resetLoadState()
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+
+	// Real file lives elsewhere; the config path is a symlink to it.
+	real := filepath.Join(dir, "real_proxy_config.json")
+	writeFile(t, real, []byte(`{"LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ENABLE":true,"LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ADDRESS":"http://127.0.0.1:3128"}`), 0600)
+	if err := os.Symlink(real, Path()); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Symlink: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	_, err := Load()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Load() error = nil, want unsafe-config error for symlinked file")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "symlink") {
+		t.Fatalf("Load() error = %q, want symlink rejection", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestLoad_AcceptsSecureConfig verifies the audit does not break the normal case:
+// an owner-only 0600 config still loads.
+func TestLoad_AcceptsSecureConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	resetLoadState()
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+
+	writeFile(t, Path(), []byte(`{"LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ENABLE":true,"LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ADDRESS":"http://127.0.0.1:3128"}`), 0600)
+
+	cfg, err := Load()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Load() error = %v, want nil for secure 0600 config", err)
+	}
+	if cfg == nil || !cfg.Enabled() {
+		t.Fatalf("cfg.Enabled() = %v, want true", cfg)
+	}
+}

internal/transport/shared.go

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package transport
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// Shared returns the base http.RoundTripper for all CLI HTTP clients.
+//
+// Precedence (highest first):
+//  1. proxy-plugin mode — force traffic through a fixed loopback proxy;
+//     FAIL-CLOSED when the plugin config exists but is invalid.
+//  2. LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY — direct egress, proxy disabled.
+//  3. http.DefaultTransport — the stdlib process-wide singleton (honors
+//     HTTP(S)_PROXY), so every client shares one connection pool / TLS cache.
+//
+// The returned RoundTripper MUST NOT be mutated. Callers that need a customized
+// transport should assert to *http.Transport and Clone() it. A shared base is
+// required so persistConn read/write goroutines are reused; cloning per call
+// leaks them until IdleConnTimeout (~90s) fires.
+func Shared() http.RoundTripper {
+	// Proxy-plugin mode overrides everything, INCLUDING LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY. When
+	// the plugin config exists but is invalid, pluginTransport returns a
+	// fail-closed transport with ok=true and we return it here — we MUST NOT
+	// fall through to the NO_PROXY / DefaultTransport direct-egress paths below.
+	if t, ok := pluginTransport(); ok {
+		return t
+	}
+	if os.Getenv(EnvNoProxy) != "" {
+		return noProxyTransport()
+	}
+	return http.DefaultTransport
+}
+
+// Fallback returns a shared *http.Transport. It is a thin wrapper over Shared
+// retained so modules already on the leak-free singleton path (internal/auth,
+// internal/cmdutil transport decorators) do not have to migrate. New code
+// should prefer Shared and treat the base as an http.RoundTripper.
+//
+// Fail-closed invariant: pluginTransport always expresses its blocked transport
+// as a concrete *http.Transport (see failClosedTransport), so the assertion
+// below preserves the block. The noProxyTransport() fallback is therefore only
+// reached when no proxy plugin is configured and some external code replaced
+// http.DefaultTransport with a non-*http.Transport — a case with no fail-closed
+// intent, where a proxy-disabled transport is acceptable.
+func Fallback() *http.Transport {
+	if t, ok := Shared().(*http.Transport); ok {
+		return t
+	}
+	return noProxyTransport()
+}
+
+// NewHTTPClient returns an *http.Client whose Transport is the shared,
+// proxy-plugin-aware base (see Shared). Prefer this over a bare &http.Client{}
+// for outbound requests: a bare client falls back to http.DefaultTransport and
+// therefore silently bypasses proxy plugin mode (fixed proxy + trusted CA, or
+// fail-closed), creating an audit blind spot.
+//
+// A zero timeout means no client-level timeout (callers relying on context
+// deadlines pass 0).
+func NewHTTPClient(timeout time.Duration) *http.Client {
+	return &http.Client{
+		Transport: Shared(),
+		Timeout:   timeout,
+	}
+}
+
+// noProxyTransport is a proxy-disabled clone of http.DefaultTransport, lazily
+// built the first time LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY is observed set.
+var noProxyTransport = sync.OnceValue(func() *http.Transport {
+	def, ok := http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport)
+	if !ok {
+		return &http.Transport{}
+	}
+	t := def.Clone()
+	t.Proxy = nil
+	return t
+})

internal/transport/shared_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package transport
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// TestShared_DefaultReturnsStdlibSingleton verifies the default shared transport.
+func TestShared_DefaultReturnsStdlibSingleton(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "")
+	if Shared() != http.DefaultTransport {
+		t.Error("Shared should return http.DefaultTransport when LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY is unset")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestShared_NoProxyReturnsClone verifies that disabling proxying returns a cloned transport.
+func TestShared_NoProxyReturnsClone(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "1")
+	tr := Shared()
+	if tr == http.DefaultTransport {
+		t.Fatal("Shared should return a clone, not DefaultTransport, when LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY is set")
+	}
+	ht, ok := tr.(*http.Transport)
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("expected *http.Transport, got %T", tr)
+	}
+	if ht.Proxy != nil {
+		t.Error("no-proxy transport should have Proxy == nil")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestShared_NoProxyIsCachedSingleton verifies singleton caching for the no-proxy transport.
+func TestShared_NoProxyIsCachedSingleton(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "1")
+	if Shared() != Shared() {
+		t.Error("repeated Shared calls with LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY set must return the same instance")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestShared_EnvUnsetAfterSetFallsBackToDefault verifies fallback to the stdlib
+// transport after unsetting LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY.
+func TestShared_EnvUnsetAfterSetFallsBackToDefault(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+	// Simulate a process that first runs with LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY=1 (populating
+	// the no-proxy singleton), then unsets it. Subsequent calls must return
+	// http.DefaultTransport, NOT the cached no-proxy clone.
+	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "1")
+	if Shared() == http.DefaultTransport {
+		t.Fatal("precondition: first call with env set should not return DefaultTransport")
+	}
+
+	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "")
+	if after := Shared(); after != http.DefaultTransport {
+		t.Errorf("after unsetting LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY, Shared must return http.DefaultTransport, got %T", after)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestShared_NoProxyOverridesSystemProxy verifies that LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY disables system proxies.
+func TestShared_NoProxyOverridesSystemProxy(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+	t.Setenv("HTTPS_PROXY", "http://should-be-ignored:8888")
+	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "1")
+
+	ht, ok := Shared().(*http.Transport)
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("expected *http.Transport, got %T", Shared())
+	}
+	if ht.Proxy != nil {
+		t.Error("LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY should override system proxy settings")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestNewHTTPClient verifies the factory wires the shared proxy-plugin-aware
+// transport (instead of a bare client that bypasses proxy plugin mode).
+func TestNewHTTPClient(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "")
+
+	c := NewHTTPClient(7 * time.Second)
+	if c.Transport == nil {
+		t.Fatal("NewHTTPClient transport is nil; want shared transport")
+	}
+	if c.Transport != Shared() {
+		t.Errorf("NewHTTPClient transport = %v, want Shared()", c.Transport)
+	}
+	if c.Timeout != 7*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("NewHTTPClient timeout = %v, want 7s", c.Timeout)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestShared_PluginOverridesNoProxy locks the contract that proxy-plugin mode wins
+// over LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY: even with NO_PROXY set, an enabled plugin forces the proxy.
+func TestShared_PluginOverridesNoProxy(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "1") // NO_PROXY set, but the plugin must win
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+
+	writeFile(t, Path(), []byte(`{
+  "LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ENABLE": true,
+  "LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ADDRESS": "http://127.0.0.1:3128"
+}`), 0600)
+
+	tr, ok := Shared().(*http.Transport)
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("Shared() = %T, want proxy *http.Transport, not the NO_PROXY clone", tr)
+	}
+	u, err := tr.Proxy(&http.Request{URL: &url.URL{Scheme: "https", Host: "open.feishu.cn"}})
+	if err != nil || u == nil || u.String() != "http://127.0.0.1:3128" {
+		t.Fatalf("Proxy() = %v, %v; plugin must override NO_PROXY with the fixed proxy", u, err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestShared_MalformedConfigFailsClosedEvenWithNoProxy locks the most dangerous
+// invariant of the fold: a malformed proxy_config.json must FAIL CLOSED, never
+// fall through to direct egress — not even to the LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY clone.
+func TestShared_MalformedConfigFailsClosedEvenWithNoProxy(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "1")
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+
+	writeFile(t, Path(), []byte(`{`), 0600) // malformed
+
+	rt := Shared()
+	if rt == http.DefaultTransport {
+		t.Fatal("malformed config returned http.DefaultTransport — fail OPEN")
+	}
+	if rt == noProxyTransport() {
+		t.Fatal("malformed config fell through to the NO_PROXY direct-egress clone — fail OPEN")
+	}
+	resp, err := rt.RoundTrip(&http.Request{URL: &url.URL{Scheme: "https", Host: "open.feishu.cn"}})
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RoundTrip() err = nil (resp=%v); malformed config must fail closed", resp)
+	}
+}

internal/transport/tls_ca.go

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package transport
+
+import (
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/binding"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/envvars"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/vfs"
+)
+
+// applyExtraRootCA augments t with an additional PEM bundle used for configured proxy
+// TLS interception.
+func applyExtraRootCA(t *http.Transport, caPath string) error {
+	caPath = strings.TrimSpace(caPath)
+	if caPath == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if !filepath.IsAbs(caPath) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid %s %q: must be an absolute path to a PEM file", envvars.CliCAPath, caPath)
+	}
+	safeCAPath, err := binding.AssertSecurePath(binding.AuditParams{
+		TargetPath:            caPath,
+		Label:                 envvars.CliCAPath,
+		AllowReadableByOthers: true,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unsafe %s %q: %w", envvars.CliCAPath, caPath, err)
+	}
+	pemBytes, err := vfs.ReadFile(safeCAPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to read %s %q: %w", envvars.CliCAPath, caPath, err)
+	}
+
+	// Augment the system trust store. Do NOT silently discard a SystemCertPool
+	// error: falling back to an empty pool would make this transport trust ONLY
+	// the extra CA (dropping all system roots), which narrows trust unexpectedly
+	// and could break TLS to legitimate endpoints. Fail closed instead.
+	pool, err := x509.SystemCertPool()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to load system cert pool for %s: %w", envvars.CliCAPath, err)
+	}
+	if pool == nil {
+		pool = x509.NewCertPool()
+	}
+	if ok := pool.AppendCertsFromPEM(pemBytes); !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid %s %q: no certificates parsed from PEM", envvars.CliCAPath, caPath)
+	}
+
+	if t.TLSClientConfig == nil {
+		t.TLSClientConfig = &tls.Config{}
+	} else {
+		// Clone to avoid mutating shared config from the base transport.
+		t.TLSClientConfig = t.TLSClientConfig.Clone()
+	}
+	if t.TLSClientConfig.MinVersion == 0 || t.TLSClientConfig.MinVersion < tls.VersionTLS12 {
+		t.TLSClientConfig.MinVersion = tls.VersionTLS12
+	}
+	t.TLSClientConfig.RootCAs = pool
+	return nil
+}

internal/transport/tls_ca_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package transport
+
+import (
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/rsa"
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"crypto/x509/pkix"
+	"encoding/pem"
+	"math/big"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// mustCreateTestCertPEM generates a short-lived self-signed CA certificate for tests.
+func mustCreateTestCertPEM(t *testing.T) []byte {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	key, err := rsa.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, 2048)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("GenerateKey() error = %v", err)
+	}
+
+	der, err := x509.CreateCertificate(rand.Reader, &x509.Certificate{
+		SerialNumber: big.NewInt(1),
+		Subject: pkix.Name{
+			CommonName: "proxyplugin-test-ca",
+		},
+		NotBefore:             time.Now().Add(-time.Hour),
+		NotAfter:              time.Now().Add(time.Hour),
+		KeyUsage:              x509.KeyUsageCertSign | x509.KeyUsageCRLSign,
+		IsCA:                  true,
+		BasicConstraintsValid: true,
+	}, &x509.Certificate{
+		SerialNumber: big.NewInt(1),
+		Subject: pkix.Name{
+			CommonName: "proxyplugin-test-ca",
+		},
+		NotBefore:             time.Now().Add(-time.Hour),
+		NotAfter:              time.Now().Add(time.Hour),
+		KeyUsage:              x509.KeyUsageCertSign | x509.KeyUsageCRLSign,
+		IsCA:                  true,
+		BasicConstraintsValid: true,
+	}, &key.PublicKey, key)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("CreateCertificate() error = %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return pem.EncodeToMemory(&pem.Block{Type: "CERTIFICATE", Bytes: der})
+}
+
+// TestApplyExtraRootCA_EmptyPathIsNoop verifies that an empty CA path leaves the transport unchanged.
+func TestApplyExtraRootCA_EmptyPathIsNoop(t *testing.T) {
+	tr := &http.Transport{}
+
+	if err := applyExtraRootCA(tr, "   "); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("applyExtraRootCA() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if tr.TLSClientConfig != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("TLSClientConfig = %#v, want nil", tr.TLSClientConfig)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestApplyExtraRootCA_RejectsRelativePath verifies that CA paths must be absolute.
+func TestApplyExtraRootCA_RejectsRelativePath(t *testing.T) {
+	tr := &http.Transport{}
+
+	err := applyExtraRootCA(tr, "ca.pem")
+	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "must be an absolute path") {
+		t.Fatalf("applyExtraRootCA() error = %v, want absolute-path error", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestApplyExtraRootCA_RejectsMissingFile verifies missing PEM bundles fail before file reads.
+func TestApplyExtraRootCA_RejectsMissingFile(t *testing.T) {
+	tr := &http.Transport{}
+
+	err := applyExtraRootCA(tr, filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "missing.pem"))
+	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "unsafe") {
+		t.Fatalf("applyExtraRootCA() error = %v, want unsafe path error", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestApplyExtraRootCA_RejectsInvalidPEM verifies validation of malformed PEM bundles.
+func TestApplyExtraRootCA_RejectsInvalidPEM(t *testing.T) {
+	caPath := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "invalid.pem")
+	writeFile(t, caPath, []byte("not a pem"), 0600)
+
+	tr := &http.Transport{}
+	err := applyExtraRootCA(tr, caPath)
+	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "no certificates parsed from PEM") {
+		t.Fatalf("applyExtraRootCA() error = %v, want invalid PEM error", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestApplyExtraRootCA_RejectsInsecureCAPath verifies CA paths are safety-checked
+// before reading the configured file.
+func TestApplyExtraRootCA_RejectsInsecureCAPath(t *testing.T) {
+	caPath := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "ca.pem")
+	writeFile(t, caPath, mustCreateTestCertPEM(t), 0600)
+	if err := os.Chmod(caPath, 0666); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Chmod() error = %v", err)
+	}
+
+	tr := &http.Transport{}
+	err := applyExtraRootCA(tr, caPath)
+	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "unsafe") {
+		t.Fatalf("applyExtraRootCA() error = %v, want unsafe path error", err)
+	}
+	if tr.TLSClientConfig != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("TLSClientConfig = %#v, want nil", tr.TLSClientConfig)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestApplyExtraRootCA_SetsTLSConfigWhenMissing verifies initialization of TLSClientConfig when absent.
+func TestApplyExtraRootCA_SetsTLSConfigWhenMissing(t *testing.T) {
+	caPath := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "ca.pem")
+	writeFile(t, caPath, mustCreateTestCertPEM(t), 0600)
+
+	tr := &http.Transport{}
+	if err := applyExtraRootCA(tr, caPath); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("applyExtraRootCA() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if tr.TLSClientConfig == nil {
+		t.Fatal("TLSClientConfig = nil, want initialized config")
+	}
+	if tr.TLSClientConfig.RootCAs == nil {
+		t.Fatal("RootCAs = nil, want cert pool")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestApplyExtraRootCA_ClonesExistingTLSConfig verifies cloning when the base transport already has TLS settings.
+func TestApplyExtraRootCA_ClonesExistingTLSConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	caPath := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "ca.pem")
+	writeFile(t, caPath, mustCreateTestCertPEM(t), 0600)
+
+	original := &tls.Config{ServerName: "open.feishu.cn"}
+	tr := &http.Transport{TLSClientConfig: original}
+	if err := applyExtraRootCA(tr, caPath); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("applyExtraRootCA() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if tr.TLSClientConfig == original {
+		t.Fatal("TLSClientConfig pointer reused, want clone")
+	}
+	if tr.TLSClientConfig.ServerName != original.ServerName {
+		t.Fatalf("ServerName = %q, want %q", tr.TLSClientConfig.ServerName, original.ServerName)
+	}
+	if tr.TLSClientConfig.RootCAs == nil {
+		t.Fatal("RootCAs = nil, want cert pool")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestApplyExtraRootCA_PreservesHigherTLSMinVersion verifies that adding a CA
+// does not relax an existing stricter TLS version floor.
+func TestApplyExtraRootCA_PreservesHigherTLSMinVersion(t *testing.T) {
+	caPath := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "ca.pem")
+	writeFile(t, caPath, mustCreateTestCertPEM(t), 0600)
+
+	tr := &http.Transport{TLSClientConfig: &tls.Config{MinVersion: tls.VersionTLS13}}
+	if err := applyExtraRootCA(tr, caPath); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("applyExtraRootCA() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if tr.TLSClientConfig.MinVersion != tls.VersionTLS13 {
+		t.Fatalf("MinVersion = %x, want %x", tr.TLSClientConfig.MinVersion, tls.VersionTLS13)
+	}
+}

internal/transport/transport.go

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package transport
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"sync"
+)
+
+// proxyPluginTransport is a fixed-proxy clone of http.DefaultTransport (with optional
+// custom root CA), lazily built on first use when proxy plugin mode is enabled.
+var proxyPluginTransport = sync.OnceValue(buildProxyPluginTransport)
+
+// cachedBlockedTransport is a fail-closed transport cached on first use when
+// the proxy plugin config exists but is invalid. This avoids cloning
+// http.DefaultTransport on every pluginTransport call.
+var cachedBlockedTransport = sync.OnceValue(buildBlockedTransport)
+
+func buildBlockedTransport() http.RoundTripper {
+	return failClosedTransport(fmt.Errorf("proxy plugin config is invalid: %w", loadErr))
+}
+
+func buildProxyPluginTransport() http.RoundTripper {
+	def, ok := http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport)
+	if !ok {
+		// Cannot clone the stdlib transport. Fail closed with a concrete
+		// *http.Transport (not a bare RoundTripper) so downcasting callers such
+		// as Fallback cannot silently degrade this into a
+		// direct-egress transport.
+		return failClosedTransport(fmt.Errorf("proxy plugin transport unavailable: http.DefaultTransport is %T, want *http.Transport", http.DefaultTransport))
+	}
+
+	cfg, err := Load()
+	if err != nil {
+		// Fail closed: config file exists but is malformed/unreadable — do not
+		// silently fall back to direct egress.
+		return blockedTransport(def, fmt.Errorf("proxy plugin config is invalid: %w", err))
+	}
+	if cfg == nil || !cfg.Enabled() {
+		return def
+	}
+	t, err := cfg.ApplyToTransport(def)
+	if err != nil {
+		// Fail closed: do not silently fall back to direct egress when the
+		// operator explicitly enabled proxy plugin mode.
+		return blockedTransport(def, fmt.Errorf("proxy plugin enabled but config is invalid: %w", err))
+	}
+	return t
+}
+
+// pluginTransport returns the proxy plugin transport when proxy plugin mode is
+// configured. The bool return is false when the plugin is not configured or not enabled.
+func pluginTransport() (http.RoundTripper, bool) {
+	cfg, err := Load()
+	if err != nil {
+		return cachedBlockedTransport(), true
+	}
+	if cfg == nil || !cfg.Enabled() {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	return proxyPluginTransport(), true
+}
+
+// failClosedTransport returns a *http.Transport that always fails RoundTrip with
+// err. It clones http.DefaultTransport when possible (preserving dial/timeout
+// tuning); otherwise it builds a minimal transport. Returning a concrete
+// *http.Transport (rather than a bare RoundTripper) is required so downcasting
+// callers such as Fallback cannot silently degrade a fail-closed
+// signal into a direct-egress transport.
+func failClosedTransport(err error) *http.Transport {
+	if def, ok := http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport); ok {
+		return blockedTransport(def, err)
+	}
+	return &http.Transport{
+		Proxy: func(*http.Request) (*url.URL, error) {
+			return nil, err
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func blockedTransport(base *http.Transport, err error) *http.Transport {
+	blocked := base.Clone()
+	blocked.Proxy = func(*http.Request) (*url.URL, error) {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return blocked
+}

internal/transport/transport_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package transport
+
+import (
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func resetProxyPluginState() {
+	loadOnce = sync.Once{}
+	loadCfg = nil
+	loadErr = nil
+	proxyPluginTransport = sync.OnceValue(buildProxyPluginTransport)
+	cachedBlockedTransport = sync.OnceValue(buildBlockedTransport)
+}
+
+func TestPluginTransport_NotConfigured(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+
+	tr, ok := pluginTransport()
+	if ok {
+		t.Fatalf("pluginTransport() ok = true, want false")
+	}
+	if tr != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("pluginTransport() transport = %T, want nil", tr)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPluginTransport_EnabledReturnsFixedProxy(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+
+	cfgPath := Path()
+	writeFile(t, cfgPath, []byte(`{
+  "LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ENABLE": true,
+  "LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ADDRESS": "http://127.0.0.1:3128",
+  "LARKSUITE_CLI_CA_PATH": ""
+}`), 0600)
+
+	rt, ok := pluginTransport()
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal("pluginTransport() ok = false, want true")
+	}
+	tr, ok := rt.(*http.Transport)
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("pluginTransport() = %T, want *http.Transport", rt)
+	}
+	u, err := tr.Proxy(&http.Request{URL: &url.URL{Scheme: "https", Host: "open.feishu.cn"}})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Proxy() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if u == nil || u.String() != "http://127.0.0.1:3128" {
+		t.Fatalf("Proxy() = %v, want http://127.0.0.1:3128", u)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPluginTransport_InvalidConfigWithNonTransportDefaultFailsClosed(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+	restoreDefaultTransport := replaceDefaultTransport(okRoundTripper{})
+	defer restoreDefaultTransport()
+
+	writeFile(t, Path(), []byte(`{`), 0600)
+
+	rt, ok := pluginTransport()
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal("pluginTransport() ok = false, want true")
+	}
+	if rt == http.DefaultTransport {
+		t.Fatalf("pluginTransport() returned http.DefaultTransport, want fail-closed transport")
+	}
+	resp, err := rt.RoundTrip(&http.Request{URL: &url.URL{Scheme: "https", Host: "open.feishu.cn"}})
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RoundTrip() error = nil, response = %#v; want fail-closed error", resp)
+	}
+	if resp != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RoundTrip() response = %#v, want nil", resp)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPluginTransport_InvalidConfigReturnsCachedInstance(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+
+	writeFile(t, Path(), []byte(`{`), 0600)
+
+	a, ok := pluginTransport()
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal("pluginTransport() ok = false, want true")
+	}
+	b, ok := pluginTransport()
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal("pluginTransport() ok = false, want true")
+	}
+	if a != b {
+		t.Fatalf("pluginTransport() returned different instances on repeated calls; blocked transport must be cached")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBuildProxyPluginTransport_InvalidConfigFailsClosed(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+
+	writeFile(t, Path(), []byte(`{`), 0600)
+
+	rt := buildProxyPluginTransport()
+	if rt == http.DefaultTransport {
+		t.Fatalf("buildProxyPluginTransport() returned http.DefaultTransport, want fail-closed transport")
+	}
+	resp, err := rt.RoundTrip(&http.Request{URL: &url.URL{Scheme: "https", Host: "open.feishu.cn"}})
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RoundTrip() error = nil, response = %#v; want fail-closed error", resp)
+	}
+	if resp != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RoundTrip() response = %#v, want nil", resp)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBuildProxyPluginTransport_NonTransportDefaultFailsClosed(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+	restoreDefaultTransport := replaceDefaultTransport(okRoundTripper{})
+	defer restoreDefaultTransport()
+
+	rt := buildProxyPluginTransport()
+	if rt == http.DefaultTransport {
+		t.Fatalf("buildProxyPluginTransport() returned http.DefaultTransport, want fail-closed transport")
+	}
+	resp, err := rt.RoundTrip(&http.Request{URL: &url.URL{Scheme: "https", Host: "open.feishu.cn"}})
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RoundTrip() error = nil, response = %#v; want fail-closed error", resp)
+	}
+	if resp != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RoundTrip() response = %#v, want nil", resp)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestPluginTransport_InvalidConfigBlockerIsConcreteTransport guards the
+// fail-closed invariant that Fallback relies on: even when
+// http.DefaultTransport is not an *http.Transport, an invalid proxy config must
+// produce a blocked transport that is itself a concrete *http.Transport. If it
+// were a bare RoundTripper, Fallback would downcast-fail and
+// silently degrade it into a direct-egress transport.
+func TestPluginTransport_InvalidConfigBlockerIsConcreteTransport(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+	restoreDefaultTransport := replaceDefaultTransport(okRoundTripper{})
+	defer restoreDefaultTransport()
+
+	writeFile(t, Path(), []byte(`{`), 0600)
+
+	rt, ok := pluginTransport()
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal("pluginTransport() ok = false, want true")
+	}
+	if _, isTransport := rt.(*http.Transport); !isTransport {
+		t.Fatalf("pluginTransport() blocked transport = %T, want *http.Transport so Fallback cannot degrade it to direct egress", rt)
+	}
+	// Must remain fail-closed.
+	resp, err := rt.RoundTrip(&http.Request{URL: &url.URL{Scheme: "https", Host: "open.feishu.cn"}})
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RoundTrip() error = nil, response = %#v; want fail-closed error", resp)
+	}
+	if resp != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RoundTrip() response = %#v, want nil", resp)
+	}
+}
+
+type okRoundTripper struct{}
+
+func (okRoundTripper) RoundTrip(*http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+	return &http.Response{StatusCode: http.StatusOK, Body: io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader(""))}, nil
+}
+
+func replaceDefaultTransport(rt http.RoundTripper) func() {
+	original := http.DefaultTransport
+	http.DefaultTransport = rt
+	return func() {
+		http.DefaultTransport = original
+	}
+}

internal/transport/warn.go

@@ -1,18 +1,20 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
-package util
+package transport
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/envvars"
 )
 
+// Proxy environment constants control shared transport proxy behavior.
 const (
 	// EnvNoProxy disables automatic proxy support when set to any non-empty value.
 	EnvNoProxy = "LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY"
@@ -36,8 +38,21 @@ func DetectProxyEnv() (key, value string) {
 	return "", ""
 }
 
+// proxyWarningOnce ensures proxy environment warnings are emitted at most once.
 var proxyWarningOnce sync.Once
 
+// proxyPluginStatus reports the configured proxy plugin address, the extra
+// trusted CA path (if any), and whether proxy plugin mode is enabled. It is
+// indirected through a package variable so tests can simulate plugin-enabled
+// mode without the process-global Load() sync.Once cache.
+var proxyPluginStatus = func() (addr, caPath string, enabled bool) {
+	cfg, err := Load()
+	if err != nil || !cfg.Enabled() {
+		return "", "", false
+	}
+	return cfg.Proxy, cfg.CAPath, true
+}
+
 // redactProxyURL masks userinfo (username:password) in a proxy URL.
 // Handles both scheme-prefixed ("http://user:pass@host") and bare ("user:pass@host") formats.
 func redactProxyURL(raw string) string {
@@ -60,6 +75,22 @@ func redactProxyURL(raw string) string {
 // are redacted. Safe to call multiple times; only the first call prints.
 func WarnIfProxied(w io.Writer) {
 	proxyWarningOnce.Do(func() {
+		// Proxy plugin mode overrides env proxies and LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY (see
+		// Shared), so its warning and disable instructions take precedence.
+		// Emitting the env-proxy warning here would be misleading: it tells the
+		// user to set LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY=1, which does NOT disable the plugin proxy.
+		if addr, caPath, enabled := proxyPluginStatus(); enabled {
+			fmt.Fprintf(w, "[lark-cli] [WARN] proxy plugin enabled: all requests (including credentials) are forced through %s. To disable, set %s=false or remove %s.\n",
+				redactProxyURL(addr), envvars.CliProxyEnable, Path())
+			if strings.TrimSpace(caPath) != "" {
+				// A custom CA means upstream TLS can be intercepted/inspected by
+				// the proxy (MITM). Surface it so the operator is aware traffic
+				// (including Bearer tokens) is decryptable on this host.
+				fmt.Fprintf(w, "[lark-cli] [WARN] proxy plugin trusts a custom CA (%s); TLS to upstreams can be intercepted/inspected by this proxy.\n",
+					caPath)
+			}
+			return
+		}
 		if os.Getenv(EnvNoProxy) != "" {
 			return
 		}
@@ -71,48 +102,3 @@ func WarnIfProxied(w io.Writer) {
 			key, redactProxyURL(val), EnvNoProxy)
 	})
 }
-
-// noProxyTransport is a proxy-disabled clone of http.DefaultTransport,
-// lazily built the first time LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY is observed set.
-var noProxyTransport = sync.OnceValue(func() *http.Transport {
-	def, ok := http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport)
-	if !ok {
-		return &http.Transport{}
-	}
-	t := def.Clone()
-	t.Proxy = nil
-	return t
-})
-
-// SharedTransport returns the base http.RoundTripper for CLI HTTP clients.
-//
-// By default it returns http.DefaultTransport — the stdlib-provided
-// process-wide singleton — so every HTTP client in the process shares one
-// TCP connection pool, TLS session cache, and HTTP/2 state. When
-// LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY is set it returns a separate proxy-disabled singleton
-// clone; LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY is checked on every call, but the clone is built
-// at most once.
-//
-// The returned RoundTripper MUST NOT be mutated. Callers that need a
-// customized transport should assert to *http.Transport and Clone() it.
-// Using a shared base is required so persistConn readLoop/writeLoop
-// goroutines are reused; cloning per call leaks them until IdleConnTimeout
-// (~90s) fires.
-func SharedTransport() http.RoundTripper {
-	if os.Getenv(EnvNoProxy) != "" {
-		return noProxyTransport()
-	}
-	return http.DefaultTransport
-}
-
-// FallbackTransport returns a shared *http.Transport singleton. It is a
-// thin wrapper over SharedTransport retained so modules that were already
-// on the leak-free singleton path (internal/auth, internal/cmdutil
-// transport decorators) do not have to migrate. New code should prefer
-// SharedTransport and treat the base as an http.RoundTripper.
-func FallbackTransport() *http.Transport {
-	if t, ok := SharedTransport().(*http.Transport); ok {
-		return t
-	}
-	return noProxyTransport()
-}

internal/transport/warn_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package transport
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/envvars"
+)
+
+// TestDetectProxyEnv verifies proxy environment detection priority and empty-state behavior.
+func TestDetectProxyEnv(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+
+	// Clear all proxy env vars first
+	for _, k := range proxyEnvKeys {
+		t.Setenv(k, "")
+	}
+
+	key, val := DetectProxyEnv()
+	if key != "" || val != "" {
+		t.Errorf("expected no proxy, got %s=%s", key, val)
+	}
+
+	t.Setenv("HTTPS_PROXY", "http://proxy:8888")
+	key, val = DetectProxyEnv()
+	if key != "HTTPS_PROXY" || val != "http://proxy:8888" {
+		t.Errorf("expected HTTPS_PROXY=http://proxy:8888, got %s=%s", key, val)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestWarnIfProxied_WithProxy verifies that proxy detection emits a warning.
+func TestWarnIfProxied_WithProxy(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+	proxyWarningOnce = sync.Once{}
+
+	t.Setenv("HTTPS_PROXY", "http://corp-proxy:3128")
+
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	WarnIfProxied(&buf)
+
+	out := buf.String()
+	if out == "" {
+		t.Error("expected warning output when proxy is set")
+	}
+	if !bytes.Contains([]byte(out), []byte("HTTPS_PROXY")) {
+		t.Errorf("warning should mention HTTPS_PROXY, got: %s", out)
+	}
+	if !bytes.Contains([]byte(out), []byte(EnvNoProxy)) {
+		t.Errorf("warning should mention %s, got: %s", EnvNoProxy, out)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestWarnIfProxied_WithoutProxy verifies that no warning is emitted without proxy settings.
+func TestWarnIfProxied_WithoutProxy(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+	proxyWarningOnce = sync.Once{}
+
+	for _, k := range proxyEnvKeys {
+		t.Setenv(k, "")
+	}
+
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	WarnIfProxied(&buf)
+
+	if buf.Len() != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected no output when no proxy is set, got: %s", buf.String())
+	}
+}
+
+// TestWarnIfProxied_SilentWhenDisabled verifies that LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY suppresses warnings.
+func TestWarnIfProxied_SilentWhenDisabled(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+	proxyWarningOnce = sync.Once{}
+
+	t.Setenv("HTTPS_PROXY", "http://proxy:8080")
+	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "1")
+
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	WarnIfProxied(&buf)
+
+	if buf.Len() != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected no warning when proxy is disabled, got: %s", buf.String())
+	}
+}
+
+// TestWarnIfProxied_OnlyOnce verifies that proxy warnings are emitted only once.
+func TestWarnIfProxied_OnlyOnce(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+	proxyWarningOnce = sync.Once{}
+
+	t.Setenv("HTTP_PROXY", "http://proxy:1234")
+
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	WarnIfProxied(&buf)
+	first := buf.String()
+
+	WarnIfProxied(&buf)
+	second := buf.String()
+
+	if first == "" {
+		t.Error("expected warning on first call")
+	}
+	if second != first {
+		t.Error("expected no additional output on second call")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestWarnIfProxied_ProxyPluginEnabled verifies that when proxy plugin mode is
+// enabled, the warning describes the plugin proxy and the correct disable method
+// (LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ENABLE=false) instead of the misleading LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY
+// instruction — even when env proxy and LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY are also set.
+func TestWarnIfProxied_ProxyPluginEnabled(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	proxyWarningOnce = sync.Once{}
+
+	old := proxyPluginStatus
+	proxyPluginStatus = func() (string, string, bool) { return "http://127.0.0.1:3128", "", true }
+	t.Cleanup(func() { proxyPluginStatus = old })
+
+	// Plugin mode overrides these; the warning must still be the plugin one.
+	t.Setenv("HTTPS_PROXY", "http://corp-proxy:8080")
+	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "1")
+
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	WarnIfProxied(&buf)
+	out := buf.String()
+
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "127.0.0.1:3128") {
+		t.Errorf("warning should mention the plugin proxy address, got: %s", out)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, envvars.CliProxyEnable) {
+		t.Errorf("warning should mention %s as the disable method, got: %s", envvars.CliProxyEnable, out)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(out, "Set "+EnvNoProxy+"=1") {
+		t.Errorf("warning must NOT give the misleading %s disable instruction when plugin is enabled, got: %s", EnvNoProxy, out)
+	}
+	// No custom CA configured -> no interception warning.
+	if strings.Contains(out, "custom CA") {
+		t.Errorf("warning should not mention a custom CA when none is configured, got: %s", out)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestWarnIfProxied_ProxyPluginCustomCAWarns verifies that when a custom CA is
+// trusted, the warning surfaces the TLS-interception capability.
+func TestWarnIfProxied_ProxyPluginCustomCAWarns(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	proxyWarningOnce = sync.Once{}
+
+	old := proxyPluginStatus
+	proxyPluginStatus = func() (string, string, bool) {
+		return "http://127.0.0.1:3128", "/etc/lark/extra_ca.pem", true
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() { proxyPluginStatus = old })
+
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	WarnIfProxied(&buf)
+	out := buf.String()
+
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "custom CA") {
+		t.Errorf("warning should mention the custom CA, got: %s", out)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "/etc/lark/extra_ca.pem") {
+		t.Errorf("warning should include the CA path, got: %s", out)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "intercept") {
+		t.Errorf("warning should mention TLS interception, got: %s", out)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestWarnIfProxied_ProxyPluginEnabledRedactsCredentials verifies the plugin
+// warning never leaks credentials embedded in the configured proxy address.
+func TestWarnIfProxied_ProxyPluginEnabledRedactsCredentials(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	proxyWarningOnce = sync.Once{}
+
+	old := proxyPluginStatus
+	proxyPluginStatus = func() (string, string, bool) { return "http://user:s3cret@127.0.0.1:3128", "", true }
+	t.Cleanup(func() { proxyPluginStatus = old })
+
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	WarnIfProxied(&buf)
+	out := buf.String()
+
+	if strings.Contains(out, "s3cret") {
+		t.Errorf("plugin warning leaked password, got: %s", out)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(out, "user:") {
+		t.Errorf("plugin warning leaked username, got: %s", out)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "***@127.0.0.1:3128") {
+		t.Errorf("plugin warning should contain redacted proxy URL, got: %s", out)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestRedactProxyURL verifies redaction of proxy credentials across supported formats.
+func TestRedactProxyURL(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		input string
+		want  string
+	}{
+		{"http://proxy:8080", "http://proxy:8080"},
+		{"http://user:pass@proxy:8080", "http://***@proxy:8080/"},
+		{"http://user:p%40ss@proxy:8080/path", "http://***@proxy:8080/path"},
+		{"http://user@proxy:8080", "http://***@proxy:8080/"},
+		{"socks5://admin:secret@10.0.0.1:1080", "socks5://***@10.0.0.1:1080/"},
+		{"user:pass@proxy:8080", "***@proxy:8080"},
+		{"admin:s3cret@10.0.0.1:3128", "***@10.0.0.1:3128"},
+		{"not-a-url", "not-a-url"},
+		{"", ""},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		got := redactProxyURL(tt.input)
+		if got != tt.want {
+			t.Errorf("redactProxyURL(%q) = %q, want %q", tt.input, got, tt.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// TestWarnIfProxied_RedactsCredentials verifies that warning output never leaks credentials.
+func TestWarnIfProxied_RedactsCredentials(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	unsetProxyPluginEnv(t)
+	resetProxyPluginState()
+	proxyWarningOnce = sync.Once{}
+
+	t.Setenv("HTTPS_PROXY", "http://admin:s3cret@proxy:8080")
+
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	WarnIfProxied(&buf)
+
+	out := buf.String()
+	if bytes.Contains([]byte(out), []byte("s3cret")) {
+		t.Errorf("warning should not contain proxy password, got: %s", out)
+	}
+	if bytes.Contains([]byte(out), []byte("admin")) {
+		t.Errorf("warning should not contain proxy username, got: %s", out)
+	}
+	if !bytes.Contains([]byte(out), []byte("***@proxy:8080")) {
+		t.Errorf("warning should contain redacted proxy URL, got: %s", out)
+	}
+}

internal/update/update.go

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/util"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/transport"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/validate"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/vfs"
 )
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ func httpClient() *http.Client {
 	}
 	return &http.Client{
 		Timeout:   fetchTimeout,
-		Transport: util.SharedTransport(),
+		Transport: transport.Shared(),
 	}
 }
 

internal/util/proxy_test.go

@@ -1,204 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package util
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"net/http"
-	"sync"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-func TestDetectProxyEnv(t *testing.T) {
-	// Clear all proxy env vars first
-	for _, k := range proxyEnvKeys {
-		t.Setenv(k, "")
-	}
-
-	key, val := DetectProxyEnv()
-	if key != "" || val != "" {
-		t.Errorf("expected no proxy, got %s=%s", key, val)
-	}
-
-	t.Setenv("HTTPS_PROXY", "http://proxy:8888")
-	key, val = DetectProxyEnv()
-	if key != "HTTPS_PROXY" || val != "http://proxy:8888" {
-		t.Errorf("expected HTTPS_PROXY=http://proxy:8888, got %s=%s", key, val)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestSharedTransport_DefaultReturnsStdlibSingleton(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "")
-	tr := SharedTransport()
-	if tr != http.DefaultTransport {
-		t.Error("SharedTransport should return http.DefaultTransport when LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY is unset")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestSharedTransport_NoProxyReturnsClone(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "1")
-	tr := SharedTransport()
-	if tr == http.DefaultTransport {
-		t.Fatal("SharedTransport should return a clone, not DefaultTransport, when LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY is set")
-	}
-	ht, ok := tr.(*http.Transport)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("expected *http.Transport, got %T", tr)
-	}
-	if ht.Proxy != nil {
-		t.Error("no-proxy transport should have Proxy == nil")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestSharedTransport_NoProxyIsCachedSingleton(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "1")
-	a := SharedTransport()
-	b := SharedTransport()
-	if a != b {
-		t.Error("repeated SharedTransport calls with LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY set must return the same instance")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestSharedTransport_EnvUnsetAfterSetFallsBackToDefault(t *testing.T) {
-	// Simulate a process that first runs with LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY=1 (populating
-	// the no-proxy singleton), then unsets it. Subsequent calls must return
-	// http.DefaultTransport, NOT the cached no-proxy clone.
-	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "1")
-	noProxy := SharedTransport()
-	if noProxy == http.DefaultTransport {
-		t.Fatal("precondition: first call with env set should not return DefaultTransport")
-	}
-
-	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "")
-	after := SharedTransport()
-	if after != http.DefaultTransport {
-		t.Errorf("after unsetting LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY, SharedTransport must return http.DefaultTransport, got %T (%p)", after, after)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestSharedTransport_NoProxyOverridesSystemProxy(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv("HTTPS_PROXY", "http://should-be-ignored:8888")
-	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "1")
-
-	ht, ok := SharedTransport().(*http.Transport)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("expected *http.Transport, got %T", SharedTransport())
-	}
-	if ht.Proxy != nil {
-		t.Error("LARK_CLI_NO_PROXY should override system proxy settings")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestWarnIfProxied_WithProxy(t *testing.T) {
-	// Reset the once guard for this test
-	proxyWarningOnce = sync.Once{}
-
-	t.Setenv("HTTPS_PROXY", "http://corp-proxy:3128")
-
-	var buf bytes.Buffer
-	WarnIfProxied(&buf)
-
-	out := buf.String()
-	if out == "" {
-		t.Error("expected warning output when proxy is set")
-	}
-	if !bytes.Contains([]byte(out), []byte("HTTPS_PROXY")) {
-		t.Errorf("warning should mention HTTPS_PROXY, got: %s", out)
-	}
-	if !bytes.Contains([]byte(out), []byte(EnvNoProxy)) {
-		t.Errorf("warning should mention %s, got: %s", EnvNoProxy, out)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestWarnIfProxied_WithoutProxy(t *testing.T) {
-	proxyWarningOnce = sync.Once{}
-
-	for _, k := range proxyEnvKeys {
-		t.Setenv(k, "")
-	}
-
-	var buf bytes.Buffer
-	WarnIfProxied(&buf)
-
-	if buf.Len() != 0 {
-		t.Errorf("expected no output when no proxy is set, got: %s", buf.String())
-	}
-}
-
-func TestWarnIfProxied_SilentWhenDisabled(t *testing.T) {
-	proxyWarningOnce = sync.Once{}
-
-	t.Setenv("HTTPS_PROXY", "http://proxy:8080")
-	t.Setenv(EnvNoProxy, "1")
-
-	var buf bytes.Buffer
-	WarnIfProxied(&buf)
-
-	if buf.Len() != 0 {
-		t.Errorf("expected no warning when proxy is disabled, got: %s", buf.String())
-	}
-}
-
-func TestWarnIfProxied_OnlyOnce(t *testing.T) {
-	proxyWarningOnce = sync.Once{}
-
-	t.Setenv("HTTP_PROXY", "http://proxy:1234")
-
-	var buf bytes.Buffer
-	WarnIfProxied(&buf)
-	first := buf.String()
-
-	WarnIfProxied(&buf)
-	second := buf.String()
-
-	if first == "" {
-		t.Error("expected warning on first call")
-	}
-	if second != first {
-		t.Error("expected no additional output on second call")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestRedactProxyURL(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		input string
-		want  string
-	}{
-		{"http://proxy:8080", "http://proxy:8080"},
-		{"http://user:pass@proxy:8080", "http://***@proxy:8080/"},
-		{"http://user:p%40ss@proxy:8080/path", "http://***@proxy:8080/path"},
-		{"http://user@proxy:8080", "http://***@proxy:8080/"},
-		{"socks5://admin:secret@10.0.0.1:1080", "socks5://***@10.0.0.1:1080/"},
-		{"user:pass@proxy:8080", "***@proxy:8080"},
-		{"admin:s3cret@10.0.0.1:3128", "***@10.0.0.1:3128"},
-		{"not-a-url", "not-a-url"},
-		{"", ""},
-	}
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		got := redactProxyURL(tt.input)
-		if got != tt.want {
-			t.Errorf("redactProxyURL(%q) = %q, want %q", tt.input, got, tt.want)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestWarnIfProxied_RedactsCredentials(t *testing.T) {
-	proxyWarningOnce = sync.Once{}
-
-	t.Setenv("HTTPS_PROXY", "http://admin:s3cret@proxy:8080")
-
-	var buf bytes.Buffer
-	WarnIfProxied(&buf)
-
-	out := buf.String()
-	if bytes.Contains([]byte(out), []byte("s3cret")) {
-		t.Errorf("warning should not contain proxy password, got: %s", out)
-	}
-	if bytes.Contains([]byte(out), []byte("admin")) {
-		t.Errorf("warning should not contain proxy username, got: %s", out)
-	}
-	if !bytes.Contains([]byte(out), []byte("***@proxy:8080")) {
-		t.Errorf("warning should contain redacted proxy URL, got: %s", out)
-	}
-}

package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@larksuite/cli",
-  "version": "1.0.44",
+  "version": "1.0.45",
   "description": "The official CLI for Lark/Feishu open platform",
   "bin": {
     "lark-cli": "scripts/run.js"

shortcuts/base/base_advperm_disable.go

@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@ var BaseAdvpermDisable = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		{Name: "base-token", Desc: "base token", Required: true},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		baseHighRiskYesTip,
+		"Disabling advanced permissions invalidates existing custom roles; confirm the target Base before passing --yes.",
+	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("base-token")) == "" {
 			return common.FlagErrorf("--base-token must not be blank")

shortcuts/base/base_advperm_enable.go

@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ var BaseAdvpermEnable = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		{Name: "base-token", Desc: "base token", Required: true},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Caller must be a Base admin; enable advanced permissions before creating or updating roles.",
+	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("base-token")) == "" {
 			return common.FlagErrorf("--base-token must not be blank")

shortcuts/base/base_copy.go

@@ -24,6 +24,11 @@ var BaseBaseCopy = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "without-content", Type: "bool", Desc: "copy structure only"},
 		{Name: "time-zone", Desc: "time zone, e.g. Asia/Shanghai"},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		`Example: lark-cli base +base-copy --base-token <base_token> --name "Copy of Project Tracker"`,
+		"Use --without-content when the user wants only structure.",
+		"If copied as bot, output may include permission_grant; report it so the user knows whether they can open the new Base.",
+	},
 	DryRun: dryRunBaseCopy,
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return executeBaseCopy(runtime)

shortcuts/base/base_create.go

@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@ var BaseBaseCreate = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "folder-token", Desc: "folder token for destination"},
 		{Name: "time-zone", Desc: "time zone, e.g. Asia/Shanghai"},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		`Example: lark-cli base +base-create --name "Project Tracker" --time-zone Asia/Shanghai`,
+		"If created as bot, output may include permission_grant; report it so the user knows whether they can open the new Base.",
+	},
 	DryRun: dryRunBaseCreate,
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return executeBaseCreate(runtime)

shortcuts/base/base_data_query.go

@@ -20,7 +20,12 @@ var BaseDataQuery = common.Shortcut{
 	AuthTypes:   authTypes(),
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
-		{Name: "dsl", Desc: "query JSON DSL (LiteQuery Protocol)", Required: true},
+		{Name: "dsl", Desc: "query JSON DSL; read lark-base-data-query-guide.md first, then lark-base-data-query.md for the full DSL SSOT", Required: true},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Use +data-query for server-side aggregation, grouping, filtering, sorting, and Top N queries.",
+		"Read lark-base-data-query-guide.md for common fewshots; use lark-base-data-query.md only when the full DSL reference is needed.",
+		"`dimensions` and `measures` cannot both be empty.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		var dsl map[string]interface{}

shortcuts/base/base_execute_test.go

@@ -515,7 +515,7 @@ func TestBaseObjectJSONShortcutsRejectArrayInDryRun(t *testing.T) {
 			if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "--json must be a JSON object") {
 				t.Fatalf("err=%v", err)
 			}
-			if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "lark-base skill") {
+			if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "match the documented shape") {
 				t.Fatalf("err=%v", err)
 			}
 			if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "array") {

shortcuts/base/base_form_create.go

@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ var BaseFormCreate = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "name", Desc: "form name", Required: true},
 		{Name: "description", Desc: `form description (plain text or markdown link like [text](https://example.com))`},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Record the returned form_id; form question create/list/update/delete commands need it.",
+	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
 		return common.NewDryRunAPI().
 			POST("/open-apis/base/v3/bases/:base_token/tables/:table_id/forms").

shortcuts/base/base_form_delete.go

@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@ var BaseFormDelete = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "table-id", Desc: "table ID", Required: true},
 		{Name: "form-id", Desc: "form ID", Required: true},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Use +form-list or +form-get first when the form target is ambiguous.",
+		baseHighRiskYesTip,
+	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
 		return common.NewDryRunAPI().
 			DELETE("/open-apis/base/v3/bases/:base_token/tables/:table_id/forms/:form_id").

shortcuts/base/base_form_list.go

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ var BaseFormsList = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		{Name: "base-token", Desc: "Base token (base_token)", Required: true},
 		{Name: "table-id", Desc: "table ID", Required: true},
-		{Name: "page-size", Type: "int", Default: "100", Desc: "page size per request (max 100)"},
+		{Name: "page-size", Type: "int", Default: "100", Desc: "page size per request, max 100"},
 	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
 		return common.NewDryRunAPI().

shortcuts/base/base_form_questions_delete.go

@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ var BaseFormQuestionsDelete = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "form-id", Desc: "form ID", Required: true},
 		{Name: "question-ids", Desc: `JSON array of question IDs to delete, max 10 items, e.g. '["q_001","q_002"]'`, Required: true},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		baseHighRiskYesTip,
+	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
 		return common.NewDryRunAPI().
 			DELETE("/open-apis/base/v3/bases/:base_token/tables/:table_id/forms/:form_id/questions").

shortcuts/base/base_form_questions_list.go

@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ var BaseFormQuestionsList = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "table-id", Desc: "table ID", Required: true},
 		{Name: "form-id", Desc: "form ID", Required: true},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Use returned question id values for +form-questions-update and +form-questions-delete.",
+	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
 		return common.NewDryRunAPI().
 			GET("/open-apis/base/v3/bases/:base_token/tables/:table_id/forms/:form_id/questions").

shortcuts/base/base_get.go

@@ -17,7 +17,10 @@ var BaseBaseGet = common.Shortcut{
 	Scopes:      []string{"base:app:read"},
 	AuthTypes:   authTypes(),
 	Flags:       []common.Flag{baseTokenFlag(true)},
-	DryRun:      dryRunBaseGet,
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Use a real Base token; workspace tokens and wiki tokens are not accepted by this command.",
+	},
+	DryRun: dryRunBaseGet,
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return executeBaseGet(runtime)
 	},

shortcuts/base/base_role_create.go

@@ -25,7 +25,12 @@ var BaseRoleCreate = common.Shortcut{
 	AuthTypes:   []string{"user", "bot"},
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		{Name: "base-token", Desc: "base token", Required: true},
-		{Name: "json", Desc: `body JSON (AdvPermBaseRoleConfig), e.g. {"role_name":"Reviewer","role_type":"custom_role","table_rule_map":{...}}`, Required: true},
+		{Name: "json", Desc: "role config JSON; read lark-base-role-guide.md and role-config.md before constructing permissions", Required: true},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Requires advanced permissions to be enabled and the caller to be a Base admin.",
+		"Use lark-base-role-guide.md as the entry guide and role-config.md as the role permission JSON SSOT.",
+		"Create supports custom_role only.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("base-token")) == "" {

shortcuts/base/base_role_delete.go

@@ -26,6 +26,12 @@ var BaseRoleDelete = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "base-token", Desc: "base token", Required: true},
 		{Name: "role-id", Desc: "role ID (e.g. rolxxxxxx4)", Required: true},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		baseHighRiskYesTip,
+		"Requires advanced permissions to be enabled and the caller to be a Base admin.",
+		"Only custom roles can be deleted; system roles cannot be deleted.",
+		"Use +role-get first if the role target is ambiguous, then pass --yes to confirm deletion.",
+	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("base-token")) == "" {
 			return common.FlagErrorf("--base-token must not be blank")

shortcuts/base/base_role_get.go

@@ -27,6 +27,10 @@ var BaseRoleGet = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "base-token", Desc: "base token", Required: true},
 		{Name: "role-id", Desc: "role ID (e.g. rolxxxxxx4)", Required: true},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Requires advanced permissions to be enabled and the caller to be a Base admin.",
+		"Use before +role-update to inspect the current full permission config.",
+	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("base-token")) == "" {
 			return common.FlagErrorf("--base-token must not be blank")

shortcuts/base/base_role_list.go

@@ -26,6 +26,10 @@ var BaseRoleList = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		{Name: "base-token", Desc: "base token", Required: true},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Requires advanced permissions to be enabled and the caller to be a Base admin.",
+		"Returns role summaries; use +role-get for the full permission config.",
+	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("base-token")) == "" {
 			return common.FlagErrorf("--base-token must not be blank")

shortcuts/base/base_role_update.go

@@ -26,7 +26,13 @@ var BaseRoleUpdate = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		{Name: "base-token", Desc: "base token", Required: true},
 		{Name: "role-id", Desc: "role ID (e.g. rolxxxxxx4)", Required: true},
-		{Name: "json", Desc: `body JSON (delta AdvPermBaseRoleConfig), e.g. {"role_name":"New Name","role_type":"custom_role","table_rule_map":{...}}`, Required: true},
+		{Name: "json", Desc: "delta role config JSON; read lark-base-role-guide.md and role-config.md before changing permissions", Required: true},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		baseHighRiskYesTip,
+		"Requires advanced permissions to be enabled and the caller to be a Base admin.",
+		"Update is a delta merge: only changed fields are updated, others remain unchanged.",
+		"Use lark-base-role-guide.md as the entry guide and role-config.md as the role permission JSON SSOT.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("base-token")) == "" {

shortcuts/base/base_shortcut_helpers.go

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ func loadJSONInput(pc *parseCtx, raw string, flagName string) (string, error) {
 }
 
 func jsonInputTip(flagName string) string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("tip: pass a valid JSON directly, or use --%s @file.json; use the lark-base skill or this command's reference to find the expected body", flagName)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("tip: pass a valid JSON directly, or use --%s @file.json; for complex JSON/DSL, read the lark-base reference and match the documented shape", flagName)
 }
 
 func formatJSONError(flagName string, target string, err error) error {

shortcuts/base/base_shortcuts_test.go

@@ -198,6 +198,25 @@ func TestBaseDeleteShortcutsRisk(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestBaseHighRiskShortcutsTipsGuideAgents(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, shortcut := range Shortcuts() {
+		if shortcut.Risk != "high-risk-write" {
+			continue
+		}
+		parent := &cobra.Command{Use: "base"}
+		shortcut.Mount(parent, &cmdutil.Factory{})
+		cmd := parent.Commands()[0]
+		flag := cmd.Flags().Lookup("yes")
+		if flag == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("%s missing --yes flag", shortcut.Command)
+		}
+		tips := strings.Join(cmdutil.GetTips(cmd), "\n")
+		if !strings.Contains(tips, "pass --yes without asking again") {
+			t.Fatalf("%s tips missing agent guidance:\n%s", shortcut.Command, tips)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func TestBaseFieldCreateHelpHidesReadGuideFlag(t *testing.T) {
 	parent := &cobra.Command{Use: "base"}
 	BaseFieldCreate.Mount(parent, &cmdutil.Factory{})
@@ -251,20 +270,19 @@ func TestBaseRecordReadHelpGuidesAgents(t *testing.T) {
 			name:     "record search",
 			shortcut: BaseRecordSearch,
 			wantHelp: []string{
-				"requires keyword/search_fields",
+				`record search JSON object, e.g. {"keyword":"Alice","search_fields":["Name"],"select_fields":["Name","Status"],"limit":50}`,
-				"optional select_fields/view_id/offset/limit",
+				"for keyword search only",
 				"output format: markdown (default) | json",
 			},
 			wantTips: []string{
-				`lark-cli base +record-search --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --json`,
+				"Happy path fields: keyword (string), search_fields",
-				`"select_fields":["Name","Status"]`,
-				`JSON shape: {"keyword":"<text>","search_fields":["<field_id_or_name>"]`,
 				"search_fields length 1-20",
 				"limit range 1-200 defaults to 10",
 				"view_id scopes search to records in that view",
 				"Default output is markdown",
 				"only for keyword search",
 				"lark-base record read SOP",
+				"inventing search JSON",
 			},
 		},
 		{
@@ -311,6 +329,401 @@ func TestBaseRecordReadHelpGuidesAgents(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestBaseDashboardHelpGuidesAgents(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		shortcut common.Shortcut
+		wantTips []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "dashboard list",
+			shortcut: BaseDashboardList,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"Use returned dashboard_id values",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "dashboard get",
+			shortcut: BaseDashboardGet,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"block-level details",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "dashboard create",
+			shortcut: BaseDashboardCreate,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"Record the returned dashboard_id",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "dashboard update",
+			shortcut: BaseDashboardUpdate,
+			wantTips: []string{},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "dashboard delete",
+			shortcut: BaseDashboardDelete,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"lark-cli base +dashboard-delete --base-token <base_token> --dashboard-id <dashboard_id> --yes",
+				"also deletes its blocks",
+				"pass --yes",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "dashboard arrange",
+			shortcut: BaseDashboardArrange,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"not deterministic or position-specific",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "dashboard block list",
+			shortcut: BaseDashboardBlockList,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"lark-cli base +dashboard-block-list --base-token <base_token> --dashboard-id <dashboard_id>",
+				"Use returned block_id and type values",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "dashboard block get",
+			shortcut: BaseDashboardBlockGet,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"lark-cli base +dashboard-block-get --base-token <base_token> --dashboard-id <dashboard_id> --block-id <block_id>",
+				"metadata such as name, type, layout, and data_config",
+				"computed chart result",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "dashboard block get data",
+			shortcut: BaseDashboardBlockGetData,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"lark-cli base +dashboard-block-get-data --base-token <base_token> --block-id <block_id>",
+				"does not need --dashboard-id",
+				"computed chart protocol JSON",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "dashboard block create",
+			shortcut: BaseDashboardBlockCreate,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				`lark-cli base +dashboard-block-create --base-token <base_token> --dashboard-id <dashboard_id> --name "Order Count" --type statistics --data-config '{"table_name":"Orders","count_all":true}'`,
+				`--type text --data-config '{"text":"# Sales Dashboard"}'`,
+				"+table-list and +field-list",
+				"not table_id or field_id",
+				"dashboard-block-data-config.md as the SSOT",
+				"do not invent data_config from natural language",
+				"sequentially",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "dashboard block update",
+			shortcut: BaseDashboardBlockUpdate,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				`lark-cli base +dashboard-block-update --base-token <base_token> --dashboard-id <dashboard_id> --block-id <block_id> --name "Total Sales"`,
+				`--data-config '{"series":[{"field_name":"Amount","rollup":"SUM"}]}'`,
+				"dashboard-block-data-config.md as the SSOT",
+				"do not invent data_config from natural language",
+				"Block type cannot be changed",
+				"top-level keys",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "dashboard block delete",
+			shortcut: BaseDashboardBlockDelete,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"lark-cli base +dashboard-block-delete --base-token <base_token> --dashboard-id <dashboard_id> --block-id <block_id> --yes",
+				"pass --yes",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			parent := &cobra.Command{Use: "base"}
+			tt.shortcut.Mount(parent, &cmdutil.Factory{})
+			cmd := parent.Commands()[0]
+
+			tips := strings.Join(cmdutil.GetTips(cmd), "\n")
+			for _, want := range tt.wantTips {
+				if !strings.Contains(tips, want) {
+					t.Fatalf("tips missing %q:\n%s", want, tips)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBaseWorkflowHelpGuidesAgents(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		shortcut common.Shortcut
+		wantTips []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "workflow list",
+			shortcut: BaseWorkflowList,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"workflow_id values with wkf prefix",
+				"auto-paginates",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "workflow get",
+			shortcut: BaseWorkflowGet,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"workflow-id must start with wkf",
+				"steps may be an empty array",
+				"Use +workflow-get before +workflow-update",
+				"lark-base-workflow-schema.md",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "workflow create",
+			shortcut: BaseWorkflowCreate,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"lark-cli base +workflow-create --base-token <base_token> --json @workflow.json",
+				"client_token is required",
+				"New workflows are created disabled",
+				"+table-list and +field-list",
+				"Step ids must be unique",
+				"lark-base-workflow-guide.md as the entry guide",
+				"lark-base-workflow-schema.md as the steps JSON SSOT",
+				"do not invent steps[].type/data/next/children from natural language",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "workflow update",
+			shortcut: BaseWorkflowUpdate,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"lark-cli base +workflow-update --base-token <base_token> --workflow-id <workflow_id> --json @workflow.json",
+				"PUT uses full replacement semantics",
+				"Use +workflow-get first",
+				"keep title/status/steps fields",
+				"workflow-id must start with wkf",
+				"Updating does not enable or disable",
+				"do not invent steps[].type/data/next/children from natural language",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "workflow enable",
+			shortcut: BaseWorkflowEnable,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"workflow-id must start with wkf",
+				"does not modify steps",
+				"New workflows are created disabled",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "workflow disable",
+			shortcut: BaseWorkflowDisable,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"workflow-id must start with wkf",
+				"does not delete the workflow or its steps",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			parent := &cobra.Command{Use: "base"}
+			tt.shortcut.Mount(parent, &cmdutil.Factory{})
+			cmd := parent.Commands()[0]
+
+			tips := strings.Join(cmdutil.GetTips(cmd), "\n")
+			for _, want := range tt.wantTips {
+				if !strings.Contains(tips, want) {
+					t.Fatalf("tips missing %q:\n%s", want, tips)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBaseJSONExamplesLiveInFlagDescriptions(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		shortcut common.Shortcut
+		wantHelp []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "table create fields",
+			shortcut: BaseTableCreate,
+			wantHelp: []string{
+				`field JSON array for create, e.g. [{"name":"Title","type":"text"}`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "view set filter",
+			shortcut: BaseViewSetFilter,
+			wantHelp: []string{
+				`filter JSON object, e.g. {"logic":"and","conditions":[["Status","==","Todo"]]}`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "view set sort",
+			shortcut: BaseViewSetSort,
+			wantHelp: []string{
+				`sort_config JSON object, e.g. {"sort_config":[{"field":"Priority","desc":true}]}`,
+				`use {"sort_config":[]} to clear`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "view set group",
+			shortcut: BaseViewSetGroup,
+			wantHelp: []string{
+				`group JSON object with group_config array, e.g. {"group_config":[{"field":"Status","desc":false}]}`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "view set card",
+			shortcut: BaseViewSetCard,
+			wantHelp: []string{
+				`card JSON object, e.g. {"cover_field":"Cover"} or {"cover_field":null} to clear`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "view set timebar",
+			shortcut: BaseViewSetTimebar,
+			wantHelp: []string{
+				`timebar JSON object with start_time, end_time, title, e.g. {"start_time":"Start Date","end_time":"End Date","title":"Name"}`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "view set visible fields",
+			shortcut: BaseViewSetVisibleFields,
+			wantHelp: []string{
+				`visible fields JSON object, e.g. {"visible_fields":["Name","Status"]}`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "form question delete",
+			shortcut: BaseFormQuestionsDelete,
+			wantHelp: []string{
+				`JSON array of question IDs to delete, max 10 items, e.g. '["q_001","q_002"]'`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "record search json",
+			shortcut: BaseRecordSearch,
+			wantHelp: []string{
+				`record search JSON object, e.g. {"keyword":"Alice","search_fields":["Name"],"select_fields":["Name","Status"],"limit":50}`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "record upsert json",
+			shortcut: BaseRecordUpsert,
+			wantHelp: []string{
+				`record field map JSON object, e.g. {"Name":"Alice","Status":"Todo"}; do not wrap in fields`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "record batch create json",
+			shortcut: BaseRecordBatchCreate,
+			wantHelp: []string{
+				`batch create JSON object, e.g. {"fields":["Name","Status"],"rows":[["Task A","Todo"],["Task B",null]]}; rows follow fields order`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "record batch update json",
+			shortcut: BaseRecordBatchUpdate,
+			wantHelp: []string{
+				`batch update JSON object, e.g. {"record_id_list":["rec_xxx"],"patch":{"Status":"Done"}}; same patch applies to all records`,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			parent := &cobra.Command{Use: "base"}
+			tt.shortcut.Mount(parent, &cmdutil.Factory{})
+			cmd := parent.Commands()[0]
+
+			help := cmd.Flags().FlagUsages()
+			for _, want := range tt.wantHelp {
+				if !strings.Contains(help, want) {
+					t.Fatalf("flag help missing %q:\n%s", want, help)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBaseRecordWriteHelpGuidesAgents(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		shortcut common.Shortcut
+		wantTips []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "record upsert",
+			shortcut: BaseRecordUpsert,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"Happy path JSON is a top-level field map",
+				"Without --record-id this creates a record",
+				"does not auto-upsert by business key",
+				"use +field-list to confirm real writable fields",
+				"do not write system fields, formula, lookup, or attachment fields",
+				"CellValue happy path: text/phone/url",
+				"select -> \"Todo\"",
+				"multi-select -> [\"Tag A\",\"Tag B\"]",
+				"datetime -> \"2026-03-24 10:00:00\"",
+				"checkbox -> true/false",
+				`ID-based CellValue: user/group/link fields use arrays like [{"id":"ou_xxx"}]`,
+				`location uses {"lng":116.397428,"lat":39.90923}`,
+				"Do not guess user/chat/linked-record IDs or location coordinates",
+				"lark-base-cell-value.md",
+				"do not invent values for fields not covered by the happy path",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "record batch create",
+			shortcut: BaseRecordBatchCreate,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"Happy path fields: fields is the column order",
+				"rows is an array of row arrays",
+				"may use null for empty cells",
+				"use +field-list to confirm real writable fields",
+				"Batch create supports max 200 rows per call",
+				"CellValue happy path: text/phone/url",
+				`ID-based CellValue: user/group/link fields use arrays like [{"id":"ou_xxx"}]`,
+				"lark-base-cell-value.md",
+				"do not invent values for fields not covered by the happy path",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "record batch update",
+			shortcut: BaseRecordBatchUpdate,
+			wantTips: []string{
+				"Happy path fields: record_id_list is the target record IDs",
+				"patch is a field map applied unchanged to every target record",
+				"Do not use +record-batch-update for per-row different values",
+				"use +field-list to confirm real writable fields",
+				"Batch update supports max 200 records per call",
+				"CellValue happy path: text/phone/url",
+				`ID-based CellValue: user/group/link fields use arrays like [{"id":"ou_xxx"}]`,
+				"lark-base-cell-value.md",
+				"do not invent values for fields not covered by the happy path",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			parent := &cobra.Command{Use: "base"}
+			tt.shortcut.Mount(parent, &cmdutil.Factory{})
+			cmd := parent.Commands()[0]
+
+			tips := strings.Join(cmdutil.GetTips(cmd), "\n")
+			for _, want := range tt.wantTips {
+				if !strings.Contains(tips, want) {
+					t.Fatalf("tips missing %q:\n%s", want, tips)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestBaseFieldUpdateHelpGuidesAgents(t *testing.T) {
 	parent := &cobra.Command{Use: "base"}
 	BaseFieldUpdate.Mount(parent, &cmdutil.Factory{})
@@ -328,7 +741,7 @@ func TestBaseFieldUpdateHelpGuidesAgents(t *testing.T) {
 
 	tips := strings.Join(cmdutil.GetTips(cmd), "\n")
 	wantTips := []string{
-		`lark-cli base +field-update --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --field-id <field_id> --json '{"name":"Status","type":"text"}'`,
+		`lark-cli base +field-update --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --field-id "Status" --json '{"name":"Status","type":"text"}' --yes`,
 		`"type":"select","multiple":false,"options":[{"name":"Todo"},{"name":"Done"}]`,
 		"full field-definition PUT semantics",
 		"Read the current field first with +field-get",

shortcuts/base/dashboard_arrange.go

@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ var BaseDashboardArrange = common.Shortcut{
 		dashboardIDFlag(true),
 		{Name: "user-id-type", Desc: "user ID type: open_id / union_id / user_id"},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Server-side smart layout is not deterministic or position-specific; use only when the user asks to arrange or beautify a dashboard.",
+	},
 	DryRun: dryRunDashboardArrange,
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return executeDashboardArrange(runtime)

shortcuts/base/dashboard_block_create.go

@@ -25,10 +25,19 @@ var BaseDashboardBlockCreate = common.Shortcut{
 		dashboardIDFlag(true),
 		{Name: "name", Desc: "block name", Required: true},
 		{Name: "type", Desc: "block type: column(柱状图)|bar(条形图)|line(折线图)|pie(饼图)|ring(环形图)|area(面积图)|combo(组合图)|scatter(散点图)|funnel(漏斗图)|wordCloud(词云)|radar(雷达图)|statistics(指标卡)|text(文本). Read dashboard-block-data-config.md before creating.", Required: true},
-		{Name: "data-config", Desc: "data config JSON object (table_name, series, count_all, group_by, filter, etc.)"},
+		{Name: "data-config", Desc: "data_config JSON object; read dashboard-block-data-config.md for the SSOT"},
-		{Name: "user-id-type", Desc: "user ID type: open_id / union_id / user_id"},
+		{Name: "user-id-type", Desc: "user ID type for user fields in filters: open_id / union_id / user_id"},
 		{Name: "no-validate", Type: "bool", Desc: "skip local data_config validation"},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		`lark-cli base +dashboard-block-create --base-token <base_token> --dashboard-id <dashboard_id> --name "Order Count" --type statistics --data-config '{"table_name":"Orders","count_all":true}'`,
+		`lark-cli base +dashboard-block-create --base-token <base_token> --dashboard-id <dashboard_id> --name "Dashboard Note" --type text --data-config '{"text":"# Sales Dashboard"}'`,
+		"Before creating data-backed blocks, use +table-list and +field-list to confirm real table and field names.",
+		"data_config uses table and field names, not table_id or field_id.",
+		"Read dashboard-block-data-config.md as the SSOT for chart templates, filters, metric rules, and type-specific fields; do not invent data_config from natural language.",
+		"Record the returned block_id; block update/delete/get-data commands need it.",
+		"Create dashboard blocks sequentially; do not parallelize multiple block creates for the same dashboard.",
+	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		pc := newParseCtx(runtime)
 		if runtime.Bool("no-validate") {

shortcuts/base/dashboard_block_delete.go

@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@ var BaseDashboardBlockDelete = common.Shortcut{
 		dashboardIDFlag(true),
 		blockIDFlag(true),
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"lark-cli base +dashboard-block-delete --base-token <base_token> --dashboard-id <dashboard_id> --block-id <block_id> --yes",
+		baseHighRiskYesTip,
+	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
 		return common.NewDryRunAPI().
 			DELETE("/open-apis/base/v3/bases/:base_token/dashboards/:dashboard_id/blocks/:block_id").

shortcuts/base/dashboard_block_get.go

@@ -24,6 +24,11 @@ var BaseDashboardBlockGet = common.Shortcut{
 		blockIDFlag(true),
 		{Name: "user-id-type", Desc: "user ID type: open_id / union_id / user_id"},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"lark-cli base +dashboard-block-get --base-token <base_token> --dashboard-id <dashboard_id> --block-id <block_id>",
+		"Use this command for block metadata such as name, type, layout, and data_config.",
+		"Use +dashboard-block-get-data when you need the computed chart result instead of metadata.",
+	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
 		params := map[string]interface{}{}
 		if uid := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("user-id-type")); uid != "" {

shortcuts/base/dashboard_block_get_data.go

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ var BaseDashboardBlockGetData = common.Shortcut{
 	},
 	Tips: []string{
 		"lark-cli base +dashboard-block-get-data --base-token <base_token> --block-id <block_id>",
+		"This command does not need --dashboard-id.",
 		"Use +dashboard-block-get first when you need block metadata like name, type, or data_config.",
 		"This command returns computed chart protocol JSON directly, not wrapped block metadata.",
 		"Text blocks do not have computed chart data; this shortcut is for chart/statistics blocks.",

shortcuts/base/dashboard_block_list.go

@@ -21,9 +21,13 @@ var BaseDashboardBlockList = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		dashboardIDFlag(true),
-		{Name: "page-size", Desc: "page size (max 100)"},
+		{Name: "page-size", Desc: "page size, default 20, max 100"},
 		{Name: "page-token", Desc: "pagination token"},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"lark-cli base +dashboard-block-list --base-token <base_token> --dashboard-id <dashboard_id>",
+		"Use returned block_id and type values for +dashboard-block-get/update/delete/get-data.",
+	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
 		params := map[string]interface{}{}
 		if ps := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("page-size")); ps != "" {

shortcuts/base/dashboard_block_update.go

@@ -24,10 +24,18 @@ var BaseDashboardBlockUpdate = common.Shortcut{
 		dashboardIDFlag(true),
 		blockIDFlag(true),
 		{Name: "name", Desc: "new block name"},
-		{Name: "data-config", Desc: "data config JSON. For chart types: table_name, series|count_all, group_by, filter. For text type: text (markdown supported). See dashboard-block-data-config.md for details."},
+		{Name: "data-config", Desc: "data_config JSON object; read dashboard-block-data-config.md for the SSOT"},
-		{Name: "user-id-type", Desc: "user ID type: open_id / union_id / user_id"},
+		{Name: "user-id-type", Desc: "user ID type for user fields in filters: open_id / union_id / user_id"},
 		{Name: "no-validate", Type: "bool", Desc: "skip local data_config validation"},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		`lark-cli base +dashboard-block-update --base-token <base_token> --dashboard-id <dashboard_id> --block-id <block_id> --name "Total Sales"`,
+		`lark-cli base +dashboard-block-update --base-token <base_token> --dashboard-id <dashboard_id> --block-id <block_id> --data-config '{"series":[{"field_name":"Amount","rollup":"SUM"}]}'`,
+		"Read dashboard-block-data-config.md as the SSOT for data_config templates, filters, metric rules, and type-specific fields; do not invent data_config from natural language.",
+		"Use +dashboard-block-get first to inspect the current data_config before replacing nested values.",
+		"Block type cannot be changed; delete and recreate the block to change chart type.",
+		"data_config update merges top-level keys, but each provided key is replaced as a whole.",
+	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		pc := newParseCtx(runtime)
 		if runtime.Bool("no-validate") {

shortcuts/base/dashboard_create.go

@@ -20,7 +20,10 @@ var BaseDashboardCreate = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		{Name: "name", Desc: "dashboard name", Required: true},
-		{Name: "theme-style", Desc: "theme style"},
+		{Name: "theme-style", Desc: "theme style, defaults to platform default when omitted"},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Record the returned dashboard_id; dashboard block create/get/update/delete/arrange commands need it.",
 	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
 		body := map[string]interface{}{}

shortcuts/base/dashboard_delete.go

@@ -21,6 +21,11 @@ var BaseDashboardDelete = common.Shortcut{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		dashboardIDFlag(true),
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"lark-cli base +dashboard-delete --base-token <base_token> --dashboard-id <dashboard_id> --yes",
+		"Deleting a dashboard also deletes its blocks and cannot be recovered.",
+		baseHighRiskYesTip,
+	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
 		return common.NewDryRunAPI().
 			DELETE("/open-apis/base/v3/bases/:base_token/dashboards/:dashboard_id").

shortcuts/base/dashboard_get.go

@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@ var BaseDashboardGet = common.Shortcut{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		dashboardIDFlag(true),
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Use +dashboard-block-list or +dashboard-block-get when you need block-level details.",
+	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
 		return common.NewDryRunAPI().
 			GET("/open-apis/base/v3/bases/:base_token/dashboards/:dashboard_id").

shortcuts/base/dashboard_list.go

@@ -20,9 +20,12 @@ var BaseDashboardList = common.Shortcut{
 	HasFormat:   true,
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
-		{Name: "page-size", Desc: "page size (max 100)"},
+		{Name: "page-size", Desc: "page size, max 100"},
 		{Name: "page-token", Desc: "pagination token"},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Use returned dashboard_id values for +dashboard-get, +dashboard-block-list, and +dashboard-block-create.",
+	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
 		params := map[string]interface{}{}
 		if ps := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("page-size")); ps != "" {

shortcuts/base/dashboard_update.go

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ var BaseDashboardUpdate = common.Shortcut{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		dashboardIDFlag(true),
 		{Name: "name", Desc: "new dashboard name"},
-		{Name: "theme-style", Desc: "theme style"},
+		{Name: "theme-style", Desc: "theme style, leave empty to keep current theme"},
 	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
 		body := map[string]interface{}{}

shortcuts/base/field_create.go

@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ var BaseFieldCreate = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "i-have-read-guide", Type: "bool", Desc: "set only after you have read the formula/lookup guide for those field types", Hidden: true},
 	},
 	Tips: []string{
-		`Example: --json '{"name":"Status","type":"text"}'`,
+		`Example text: lark-cli base +field-create --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --json '{"name":"Status","type":"text"}'`,
+		`Example select: lark-cli base +field-create --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --json '{"name":"Status","type":"select","multiple":false,"options":[{"name":"Todo"},{"name":"Done"}]}'`,
 		"Agent hint: use the lark-base skill's field-create guide for usage and limits.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {

shortcuts/base/field_delete.go

@@ -17,7 +17,11 @@ var BaseFieldDelete = common.Shortcut{
 	Scopes:      []string{"base:field:delete"},
 	AuthTypes:   authTypes(),
 	Flags:       []common.Flag{baseTokenFlag(true), tableRefFlag(true), fieldRefFlag(true)},
-	DryRun:      dryRunFieldDelete,
+	Tips: []string{
+		baseHighRiskYesTip,
+		`Example: lark-cli base +field-delete --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --field-id "Status" --yes`,
+	},
+	DryRun: dryRunFieldDelete,
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return executeFieldDelete(runtime)
 	},

shortcuts/base/field_get.go

@@ -17,7 +17,12 @@ var BaseFieldGet = common.Shortcut{
 	Scopes:      []string{"base:field:read"},
 	AuthTypes:   authTypes(),
 	Flags:       []common.Flag{baseTokenFlag(true), tableRefFlag(true), fieldRefFlag(true)},
-	DryRun:      dryRunFieldGet,
+	Tips: []string{
+		`Example: lark-cli base +field-get --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --field-id "Status"`,
+		"field-id accepts a field ID (fld...) or the field name from the current table.",
+		"Returns full field configuration; use it as the baseline before +field-update.",
+	},
+	DryRun: dryRunFieldGet,
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return executeFieldGet(runtime)
 	},

shortcuts/base/field_list.go

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ var BaseFieldList = common.Shortcut{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		tableRefFlag(true),
 		{Name: "offset", Type: "int", Default: "0", Desc: "pagination offset"},
-		{Name: "limit", Type: "int", Default: "100", Desc: "pagination size"},
+		{Name: "limit", Type: "int", Default: "100", Desc: "pagination size, range 1-200"},
 	},
 	DryRun: dryRunFieldList,
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {

shortcuts/base/field_search_options.go

@@ -22,7 +22,11 @@ var BaseFieldSearchOptions = common.Shortcut{
 		fieldRefFlag(true),
 		{Name: "keyword", Desc: "keyword for option query"},
 		{Name: "offset", Type: "int", Default: "0", Desc: "pagination offset"},
-		{Name: "limit", Type: "int", Default: "30", Desc: "pagination size"},
+		{Name: "limit", Type: "int", Default: "30", Desc: "pagination size, default 30"},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		`Example: lark-cli base +field-search-options --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --field-id "Status" --keyword "Do"`,
+		"Use only for fields with options, such as select or multi-select fields.",
 	},
 	DryRun: dryRunFieldSearchOptions,
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {

shortcuts/base/field_update.go

@@ -24,8 +24,9 @@ var BaseFieldUpdate = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "i-have-read-guide", Type: "bool", Desc: "acknowledge reading formula/lookup guide before creating or updating those field types", Hidden: true},
 	},
 	Tips: []string{
-		`Example: lark-cli base +field-update --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --field-id <field_id> --json '{"name":"Status","type":"text"}'`,
+		baseHighRiskYesTip,
-		`Example: lark-cli base +field-update --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --field-id <field_id> --json '{"name":"Status","type":"select","multiple":false,"options":[{"name":"Todo"},{"name":"Done"}]}'`,
+		`Example text: lark-cli base +field-update --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --field-id "Status" --json '{"name":"Status","type":"text"}' --yes`,
+		`Example select: lark-cli base +field-update --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --field-id "Status" --json '{"name":"Status","type":"select","multiple":false,"options":[{"name":"Todo"},{"name":"Done"}]}' --yes`,
 		"Update uses full field-definition PUT semantics. Read the current field first with +field-get, then send the target state.",
 		"Type conversion is allowlist-based: only use CLI for safe conversions; otherwise migrate through a new field, or ask the user to finish high-risk conversions in the web UI.",
 		"Formula and lookup updates require reading the corresponding guide first.",

shortcuts/base/helpers_test.go

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func TestParseHelpers(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil || obj["name"] != "demo" {
 		t.Fatalf("obj=%v err=%v", obj, err)
 	}
-	if _, err := parseJSONObject(testPC, `[1]`, "json"); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "--json must be a JSON object") || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "lark-base skill") || strings.Contains(err.Error(), "array") {
+	if _, err := parseJSONObject(testPC, `[1]`, "json"); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "--json must be a JSON object") || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "match the documented shape") || strings.Contains(err.Error(), "array") {
 		t.Fatalf("err=%v", err)
 	}
 	if _, err := parseJSONObject(testPC, `null`, "json"); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "--json must be a JSON object") {
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ func TestParseHelpers(t *testing.T) {
 	if _, err := parseStringListFlexible(testPC, `[1]`, "fields"); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "invalid JSON string array") {
 		t.Fatalf("err=%v", err)
 	}
-	if _, err := parseJSONValue(testPC, "{", "json"); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "tip: pass a valid JSON directly") || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "@file.json") || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "lark-base skill") {
+	if _, err := parseJSONValue(testPC, "{", "json"); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "tip: pass a valid JSON directly") || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "@file.json") || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "complex JSON/DSL") {
 		t.Fatalf("err=%v", err)
 	}
 	if !reflect.DeepEqual(parseStringList("m,n"), []string{"m", "n"}) {
@@ -334,11 +334,11 @@ func TestJSONInputHelpers(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("err=%v", err)
 	}
 	syntaxErr := formatJSONError("json", "object", &json.SyntaxError{Offset: 7})
-	if !strings.Contains(syntaxErr.Error(), "near byte 7") || !strings.Contains(syntaxErr.Error(), "tip: pass a valid JSON directly") || !strings.Contains(syntaxErr.Error(), "@file.json") || !strings.Contains(syntaxErr.Error(), "lark-base skill") {
+	if !strings.Contains(syntaxErr.Error(), "near byte 7") || !strings.Contains(syntaxErr.Error(), "tip: pass a valid JSON directly") || !strings.Contains(syntaxErr.Error(), "@file.json") || !strings.Contains(syntaxErr.Error(), "complex JSON/DSL") {
 		t.Fatalf("syntaxErr=%v", syntaxErr)
 	}
 	typeErr := formatJSONError("json", "object", &json.UnmarshalTypeError{Field: "filter_info"})
-	if !strings.Contains(typeErr.Error(), `field "filter_info"`) || !strings.Contains(typeErr.Error(), "tip: pass a valid JSON directly") || !strings.Contains(typeErr.Error(), "@file.json") || !strings.Contains(typeErr.Error(), "lark-base skill") {
+	if !strings.Contains(typeErr.Error(), `field "filter_info"`) || !strings.Contains(typeErr.Error(), "tip: pass a valid JSON directly") || !strings.Contains(typeErr.Error(), "@file.json") || !strings.Contains(typeErr.Error(), "complex JSON/DSL") {
 		t.Fatalf("typeErr=%v", typeErr)
 	}
 }

shortcuts/base/high_risk.go

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package base
+
+const baseHighRiskYesTip = "This is a high-risk write command. If the user explicitly requested it and the target is unambiguous, pass --yes without asking again."

shortcuts/base/record_batch_create.go

@@ -19,13 +19,14 @@ var BaseRecordBatchCreate = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		tableRefFlag(true),
-		{Name: "json", Desc: "batch create JSON object", Required: true},
+		{Name: "json", Desc: `batch create JSON object, e.g. {"fields":["Name","Status"],"rows":[["Task A","Todo"],["Task B",null]]}; rows follow fields order`, Required: true},
-	},
-	Tips: []string{
-		`Example: --json '{"fields":["Title","Status"],"rows":[["Task A","Open"],["Task B","Done"]]}'`,
-		"Agent hint: use the lark-base skill's record-batch-create guide for usage and limits.",
-		"Agent hint: use lark-base-cell-value.md as the source of truth for each CellValue.",
 	},
+	Tips: append([]string{
+		"Happy path fields: fields is the column order; rows is an array of row arrays; each row must match fields order and may use null for empty cells.",
+		"Before writing, use +field-list to confirm real writable fields; do not write system fields, formula, lookup, or attachment fields as normal CellValue.",
+		"Batch create supports max 200 rows per call.",
+		"Use the record-batch-create guide for command limits and edge cases.",
+	}, recordCellValueHappyPathTips...),
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return validateRecordJSON(runtime)
 	},

shortcuts/base/record_batch_update.go

@@ -19,13 +19,14 @@ var BaseRecordBatchUpdate = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		tableRefFlag(true),
-		{Name: "json", Desc: "batch update JSON object", Required: true},
+		{Name: "json", Desc: `batch update JSON object, e.g. {"record_id_list":["rec_xxx"],"patch":{"Status":"Done"}}; same patch applies to all records`, Required: true},
-	},
-	Tips: []string{
-		`Example: --json '{"record_id_list":["recXXX"],"patch":{"Status":"Done"}}'`,
-		"Agent hint: use the lark-base skill's record-batch-update guide for usage and limits.",
-		"Agent hint: use lark-base-cell-value.md as the source of truth for each patch CellValue.",
 	},
+	Tips: append([]string{
+		"Happy path fields: record_id_list is the target record IDs; patch is a field map applied unchanged to every target record.",
+		"Do not use +record-batch-update for per-row different values; call +record-upsert per record or use another supported flow.",
+		"Before writing, use +field-list to confirm real writable fields; do not write system fields, formula, lookup, or attachment fields as normal CellValue.",
+		"Batch update supports max 200 records per call; use the record-batch-update guide for command limits and edge cases.",
+	}, recordCellValueHappyPathTips...),
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return validateRecordJSON(runtime)
 	},

shortcuts/base/record_delete.go

@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@ var BaseRecordDelete = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "record-id", Type: "string_array", Desc: "record ID (repeatable)"},
 		{Name: "json", Desc: `JSON object with record_id_list, e.g. {"record_id_list":["rec_xxx"]}`},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		baseHighRiskYesTip,
+		`Example: lark-cli base +record-delete --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --record-id <record_id_1> --record-id <record_id_2> --yes`,
+	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return validateRecordSelection(runtime)
 	},

shortcuts/base/record_history_list.go

@@ -21,7 +21,11 @@ var BaseRecordHistoryList = common.Shortcut{
 		tableRefFlag(true),
 		recordRefFlag(true),
 		{Name: "max-version", Type: "int", Desc: "max version for next page"},
-		{Name: "page-size", Type: "int", Default: "30", Desc: "pagination size"},
+		{Name: "page-size", Type: "int", Default: "30", Desc: "pagination size, max 50"},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		`Example: lark-cli base +record-history-list --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --record-id <record_id>`,
+		"This reads one record's history only; it is not a table-wide audit scan.",
 	},
 	DryRun: dryRunRecordHistoryList,
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {

shortcuts/base/record_ops.go

@@ -15,6 +15,13 @@ import (
 const maxRecordSelectionCount = 200
 const maxBatchGetSelectFieldCount = 100
 
+var recordCellValueHappyPathTips = []string{
+	`CellValue happy path: text/phone/url -> "text"; number/currency/percent/rating -> 12.5; select -> "Todo"; multi-select -> ["Tag A","Tag B"]; datetime -> "2026-03-24 10:00:00"; checkbox -> true/false.`,
+	`ID-based CellValue: user/group/link fields use arrays like [{"id":"ou_xxx"}], [{"id":"oc_xxx"}], [{"id":"rec_xxx"}]; location uses {"lng":116.397428,"lat":39.90923}; null clears a cell when allowed.`,
+	"Do not guess user/chat/linked-record IDs or location coordinates; resolve them first with the relevant contact/im/record lookup flow.",
+	"Use lark-base-cell-value.md for complex CellValue shapes and special field types; do not invent values for fields not covered by the happy path.",
+}
+
 type recordSelection struct {
 	recordIDs    []string
 	selectFields []string

shortcuts/base/record_search.go

@@ -20,17 +20,15 @@ var BaseRecordSearch = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		tableRefFlag(true),
-		{Name: "json", Desc: `record search JSON object; requires keyword/search_fields, optional select_fields/view_id/offset/limit`, Required: true},
+		{Name: "json", Desc: `record search JSON object, e.g. {"keyword":"Alice","search_fields":["Name"],"select_fields":["Name","Status"],"limit":50}; for keyword search only`, Required: true},
 		recordReadFormatFlag(),
 	},
 	Tips: []string{
-		`Example: lark-cli base +record-search --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --json '{"keyword":"Alice","search_fields":["Name"],"select_fields":["Name","Status"],"limit":50}'`,
+		`Happy path fields: keyword (string), search_fields (1-20 field names/ids), select_fields (optional projection, <=50), view_id (optional), offset (default 0), limit (default 10, range 1-200).`,
-		`JSON shape: {"keyword":"<text>","search_fields":["<field_id_or_name>"],"select_fields":["<field_id_or_name>"],"view_id":"<view_id_or_name>","offset":0,"limit":10}.`,
 		"JSON constraints: keyword length >=1; search_fields length 1-20; select_fields length <=50; offset >=0 defaults to 0; limit range 1-200 defaults to 10.",
 		"view_id scopes search to records in that view; when select_fields is omitted, returned fields follow that view's visible fields.",
 		"Default output is markdown; pass --format json to get the raw JSON envelope.",
-		"Use +record-search only for keyword search; use a filtered view plus +record-list for structured conditions.",
+		"Use +record-search only for keyword search; for structured conditions, sorting, Top/Bottom N, or global conclusions, follow the lark-base record read SOP instead of inventing search JSON.",
-		"Agent hint: follow the lark-base record read SOP for record read routing and limits.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if err := validateRecordReadFormat(runtime); err != nil {

shortcuts/base/record_share_link_create.go

@@ -22,8 +22,9 @@ var BaseRecordShareLinkCreate = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "record-ids", Type: "string_slice", Desc: "record IDs to generate share links for (comma-separated or repeatable, max 100)", Required: true},
 	},
 	Tips: []string{
-		`Single record:  --base-token xxx --table-id tblxxx --record-ids recxxx`,
+		`Example: lark-cli base +record-share-link-create --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --record-ids <record_id>`,
-		`Multiple records: --base-token xxx --table-id tblxxx --record-ids rec001,rec002,rec003`,
+		"Max 100 record IDs per call; duplicate IDs are ignored.",
+		"Output record_share_links maps record_id to URL; records without permission or missing records may be absent.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return validateRecordShareBatch(runtime)

shortcuts/base/record_upload_attachment.go

@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@ var BaseRecordRemoveAttachment = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "file-token", Type: "string_array", Desc: "attachment file_token to remove from the target cell; repeat to remove multiple attachments; max 50 tokens", Required: true},
 	},
 	Tips: []string{
+		baseHighRiskYesTip,
 		`Example: lark-cli base +record-remove-attachment --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --record-id <record_id> --field-id <attachment_field_id> --file-token <file_token> --yes`,
 		`Repeat --file-token to remove multiple attachments from the same cell in one call.`,
 		`This is a high-risk write command and requires --yes.`,

shortcuts/base/record_upsert.go

@@ -20,12 +20,14 @@ var BaseRecordUpsert = common.Shortcut{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		tableRefFlag(true),
 		recordRefFlag(false),
-		{Name: "json", Desc: "record JSON object: Map<FieldNameOrID, CellValue>", Required: true},
+		{Name: "json", Desc: `record field map JSON object, e.g. {"Name":"Alice","Status":"Todo"}; do not wrap in fields`, Required: true},
-	},
-	Tips: []string{
-		`Example: --json '{"Name":"Alice"}'`,
-		"Agent hint: use the lark-base skill's record-upsert guide for usage and limits.",
 	},
+	Tips: append([]string{
+		"Happy path JSON is a top-level field map: each key is a real field name or field ID, each value is that field's CellValue.",
+		"Without --record-id this creates a record; with --record-id this updates that record. It does not auto-upsert by business key.",
+		"Before writing, use +field-list to confirm real writable fields; do not write system fields, formula, lookup, or attachment fields as normal CellValue.",
+		"Use the record-upsert guide for command limits and edge cases.",
+	}, recordCellValueHappyPathTips...),
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return validateRecordJSON(runtime)
 	},

shortcuts/base/table_create.go

@@ -20,7 +20,11 @@ var BaseTableCreate = common.Shortcut{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		{Name: "name", Desc: "table name", Required: true},
 		{Name: "view", Desc: "view JSON object/array for create"},
-		{Name: "fields", Desc: "field JSON array for create"},
+		{Name: "fields", Desc: `field JSON array for create, e.g. [{"name":"Title","type":"text"},{"name":"Status","type":"select","options":[{"name":"Todo"},{"name":"Done"}]}]`},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Before using --fields, read lark-base-field-json.md or rely on the same field JSON shape used by +field-create; do not invent field properties.",
+		"The first --fields item replaces the default field.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return validateTableCreate(runtime)

shortcuts/base/table_delete.go

@@ -17,7 +17,12 @@ var BaseTableDelete = common.Shortcut{
 	Scopes:      []string{"base:table:delete"},
 	AuthTypes:   authTypes(),
 	Flags:       []common.Flag{baseTokenFlag(true), tableRefFlag(true)},
-	DryRun:      dryRunTableDelete,
+	Tips: []string{
+		`Example: lark-cli base +table-delete --base-token <base_token> --table-id "Old Tasks" --yes`,
+		"table-id accepts a table ID (tbl...) or the table name in the current Base.",
+		baseHighRiskYesTip,
+	},
+	DryRun: dryRunTableDelete,
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return executeTableDelete(runtime)
 	},

shortcuts/base/table_get.go

@@ -17,7 +17,11 @@ var BaseTableGet = common.Shortcut{
 	Scopes:      []string{"base:table:read", "base:field:read", "base:view:read"},
 	AuthTypes:   authTypes(),
 	Flags:       []common.Flag{baseTokenFlag(true), tableRefFlag(true)},
-	DryRun:      dryRunTableGet,
+	Tips: []string{
+		`Example: lark-cli base +table-get --base-token <base_token> --table-id "Tasks"`,
+		"table-id accepts a table ID (tbl...) or the table name in the current Base.",
+	},
+	DryRun: dryRunTableGet,
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return executeTableGet(runtime)
 	},

shortcuts/base/table_list.go

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ var BaseTableList = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		{Name: "offset", Type: "int", Default: "0", Desc: "pagination offset"},
-		{Name: "limit", Type: "int", Default: "50", Desc: "pagination limit"},
+		{Name: "limit", Type: "int", Default: "50", Desc: "pagination size, range 1-100"},
 	},
 	DryRun: dryRunTableList,
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {

shortcuts/base/view_create.go

@@ -19,11 +19,13 @@ var BaseViewCreate = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		tableRefFlag(true),
-		{Name: "json", Desc: "view JSON object/array", Required: true},
+		{Name: "json", Desc: "view JSON object/array; type defaults to grid; type range: grid, kanban, gallery, calendar, gantt", Required: true},
 	},
 	Tips: []string{
-		`Example: --json '{"name":"Main","type":"grid"}'`,
+		`Example: lark-cli base +view-create --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --json '{"name":"Main","type":"grid"}'`,
-		"Agent hint: use the lark-base skill's view-create guide for usage and limits.",
+		`Minimal: --json '{"name":"Main"}' creates a grid view.`,
+		"Do not pass form as a view type; form views are managed through form commands.",
+		`Use +view-set-visible-fields after creation when the user needs a specific field order or visibility.`,
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return validateViewCreate(runtime)

shortcuts/base/view_delete.go

@@ -17,7 +17,11 @@ var BaseViewDelete = common.Shortcut{
 	Scopes:      []string{"base:view:write_only"},
 	AuthTypes:   authTypes(),
 	Flags:       []common.Flag{baseTokenFlag(true), tableRefFlag(true), viewRefFlag(true)},
-	DryRun:      dryRunViewDelete,
+	Tips: []string{
+		baseHighRiskYesTip,
+		`Example: lark-cli base +view-delete --base-token <base_token> --table-id <table_id> --view-id "Old View" --yes`,
+	},
+	DryRun: dryRunViewDelete,
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return executeViewDelete(runtime)
 	},

shortcuts/base/view_list.go

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ var BaseViewList = common.Shortcut{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		tableRefFlag(true),
 		{Name: "offset", Type: "int", Default: "0", Desc: "pagination offset"},
-		{Name: "limit", Type: "int", Default: "100", Desc: "pagination size"},
+		{Name: "limit", Type: "int", Default: "100", Desc: "pagination size, range 1-200"},
 	},
 	DryRun: dryRunViewList,
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {

shortcuts/base/view_set_card.go

@@ -20,11 +20,12 @@ var BaseViewSetCard = common.Shortcut{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		tableRefFlag(true),
 		viewRefFlag(true),
-		{Name: "json", Desc: "card JSON object", Required: true},
+		{Name: "json", Desc: `card JSON object, e.g. {"cover_field":"Cover"} or {"cover_field":null} to clear`, Required: true},
 	},
 	Tips: []string{
-		`Example: --json '{"cover_field":"fldCover"}'`,
+		"Supported view types: gallery, kanban.",
-		"Agent hint: use the lark-base skill's view-set-card guide for usage and limits.",
+		"cover_field should be an attachment field id/name, or null to clear.",
+		"Use +view-get-card first when updating an existing card view configuration.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return validateViewJSONObject(runtime)

shortcuts/base/view_set_filter.go

@@ -20,10 +20,9 @@ var BaseViewSetFilter = common.Shortcut{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		tableRefFlag(true),
 		viewRefFlag(true),
-		{Name: "json", Desc: "filter JSON object", Required: true},
+		{Name: "json", Desc: `filter JSON object, e.g. {"logic":"and","conditions":[["Status","==","Todo"]]}`, Required: true},
 	},
 	Tips: []string{
-		`Example: --json '{"logic":"and","conditions":[["fldStatus","==","Todo"]]}'`,
 		"Agent hint: use the lark-base skill's view-set-filter guide for usage and limits.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {

shortcuts/base/view_set_group.go

@@ -20,11 +20,13 @@ var BaseViewSetGroup = common.Shortcut{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		tableRefFlag(true),
 		viewRefFlag(true),
-		{Name: "json", Desc: "group JSON object", Required: true},
+		{Name: "json", Desc: `group JSON object with group_config array, e.g. {"group_config":[{"field":"Status","desc":false}]}; use {"group_config":[]} to clear`, Required: true},
 	},
 	Tips: []string{
-		`Example: --json '{"group_config":[{"field":"fldStatus","desc":false}]}'`,
+		"Supported view types: grid, kanban, gantt.",
-		"Agent hint: use the lark-base skill's view-set-group guide for usage and limits.",
+		"Use a JSON object, not a bare array; grouping fields must be supported by the current view.",
+		"group_config supports max 3 group items.",
+		"Use +view-get-group first when modifying an existing grouping configuration.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return validateViewJSONObject(runtime)

shortcuts/base/view_set_sort.go

@@ -20,11 +20,13 @@ var BaseViewSetSort = common.Shortcut{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		tableRefFlag(true),
 		viewRefFlag(true),
-		{Name: "json", Desc: "sort_config JSON object", Required: true},
+		{Name: "json", Desc: `sort_config JSON object, e.g. {"sort_config":[{"field":"Priority","desc":true}]}; use {"sort_config":[]} to clear; max 10 items`, Required: true},
 	},
 	Tips: []string{
-		`Example: --json '{"sort_config":[{"field":"fldPriority","desc":true}]}'`,
+		"Supported view types: grid, kanban, gallery, gantt.",
-		"Agent hint: use the lark-base skill's view-set-sort guide for usage and limits.",
+		"Use a JSON object, not a bare array; sorting fields must be supported by the current view.",
+		"sort_config supports max 10 sort items.",
+		"Use +view-get-sort first when modifying an existing sort configuration.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return validateViewJSONObject(runtime)

shortcuts/base/view_set_timebar.go

@@ -20,11 +20,12 @@ var BaseViewSetTimebar = common.Shortcut{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		tableRefFlag(true),
 		viewRefFlag(true),
-		{Name: "json", Desc: "timebar JSON object", Required: true},
+		{Name: "json", Desc: `timebar JSON object with start_time, end_time, title, e.g. {"start_time":"Start Date","end_time":"End Date","title":"Name"}`, Required: true},
 	},
 	Tips: []string{
-		`Example: --json '{"start_time":"fldStart","end_time":"fldEnd","title":"fldTitle"}'`,
+		"Supported view types: calendar, gantt.",
-		"Agent hint: use the lark-base skill's view-set-timebar guide for usage and limits.",
+		"start_time, end_time, and title are required; use date/time fields for start_time and end_time.",
+		"Use +view-get-timebar first when modifying an existing timebar configuration.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return validateViewJSONObject(runtime)

shortcuts/base/view_set_visible_fields.go

@@ -20,11 +20,12 @@ var BaseViewSetVisibleFields = common.Shortcut{
 		baseTokenFlag(true),
 		tableRefFlag(true),
 		viewRefFlag(true),
-		{Name: "json", Desc: `visible fields JSON object with "visible_fields"`, Required: true},
+		{Name: "json", Desc: `visible fields JSON object, e.g. {"visible_fields":["Name","Status"]}`, Required: true},
 	},
 	Tips: []string{
-		`Example: --json '{"visible_fields":["fldXXX"]}'`,
+		"Supported view types: grid, kanban, gallery, calendar, gantt.",
-		"Agent hint: use the lark-base skill's view-set-visible-fields guide for usage and limits.",
+		"Use a JSON object, not a bare array; primary field may be forced to the first position by the API.",
+		"visible_fields controls both visibility and order; include every field that should remain visible.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return validateViewJSONObject(runtime)

shortcuts/base/workflow_create.go

@@ -19,7 +19,15 @@ var BaseWorkflowCreate = common.Shortcut{
 	AuthTypes:   []string{"user", "bot"},
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		{Name: "base-token", Desc: "base token", Required: true},
-		{Name: "json", Desc: `workflow body JSON, e.g. {"title":"My Workflow","steps":[...]}`, Required: true},
+		{Name: "json", Desc: "workflow body JSON; read lark-base-workflow-guide.md and lark-base-workflow-schema.md before constructing steps", Required: true},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"lark-cli base +workflow-create --base-token <base_token> --json @workflow.json",
+		"client_token is required and should be unique per create request.",
+		"New workflows are created disabled; call +workflow-enable after creation when the user wants it active.",
+		"Before constructing steps, use +table-list and +field-list to confirm real table and field names.",
+		"Step ids must be unique, and every next/children link must reference an existing step id.",
+		"Use lark-base-workflow-guide.md as the entry guide and lark-base-workflow-schema.md as the steps JSON SSOT; do not invent steps[].type/data/next/children from natural language.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("base-token")) == "" {

shortcuts/base/workflow_disable.go

@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@ var BaseWorkflowDisable = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "base-token", Desc: "base token", Required: true},
 		{Name: "workflow-id", Desc: "workflow ID (wkf... prefix)", Required: true},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"workflow-id must start with wkf; do not pass a tbl table ID from the same URL.",
+		"Disable only changes workflow state; it does not delete the workflow or its steps.",
+	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("base-token")) == "" {
 			return common.FlagErrorf("--base-token must not be blank")

shortcuts/base/workflow_enable.go

@@ -21,6 +21,11 @@ var BaseWorkflowEnable = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "base-token", Desc: "base token", Required: true},
 		{Name: "workflow-id", Desc: "workflow ID (wkf... prefix)", Required: true},
 	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"workflow-id must start with wkf; do not pass a tbl table ID from the same URL.",
+		"Enable only changes workflow state; it does not modify steps.",
+		"New workflows are created disabled; enable after creation only when the user wants it active.",
+	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("base-token")) == "" {
 			return common.FlagErrorf("--base-token must not be blank")

shortcuts/base/workflow_get.go

@@ -20,7 +20,13 @@ var BaseWorkflowGet = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		{Name: "base-token", Desc: "base token", Required: true},
 		{Name: "workflow-id", Desc: "workflow ID (wkf... prefix)", Required: true},
-		{Name: "user-id-type", Desc: "user ID type for creator/updater fields", Enum: []string{"open_id", "union_id", "user_id"}},
+		{Name: "user-id-type", Desc: "user ID type for creator/updater fields, default open_id", Enum: []string{"open_id", "union_id", "user_id"}},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"workflow-id must start with wkf; use +workflow-list if the ID is unknown.",
+		"steps may be an empty array; that is valid for an unconfigured workflow.",
+		"Use +workflow-get before +workflow-update, then edit the returned definition and keep fields you do not intend to change.",
+		"Read lark-base-workflow-schema.md when interpreting or reusing returned steps.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("base-token")) == "" {

shortcuts/base/workflow_list.go

@@ -20,7 +20,11 @@ var BaseWorkflowList = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		{Name: "base-token", Desc: "base token", Required: true},
 		{Name: "status", Desc: "filter by status", Enum: []string{"enabled", "disabled"}},
-		{Name: "page-size", Type: "int", Default: "100", Desc: "page size per request (max 100)"},
+		{Name: "page-size", Type: "int", Default: "100", Desc: "page size per request, max 100"},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Returns workflow_id values with wkf prefix; pass those IDs to +workflow-get/enable/disable/update.",
+		"This shortcut auto-paginates and returns all matched workflows.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("base-token")) == "" {

shortcuts/base/workflow_update.go

@@ -20,7 +20,16 @@ var BaseWorkflowUpdate = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		{Name: "base-token", Desc: "base token", Required: true},
 		{Name: "workflow-id", Desc: "workflow ID (wkf... prefix)", Required: true},
-		{Name: "json", Desc: `workflow body JSON, e.g. {"title":"New Title","steps":[...]}`, Required: true},
+		{Name: "json", Desc: "workflow body JSON; read lark-base-workflow-guide.md and lark-base-workflow-schema.md before replacing steps", Required: true},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"lark-cli base +workflow-update --base-token <base_token> --workflow-id <workflow_id> --json @workflow.json",
+		"PUT uses full replacement semantics; omitting steps clears the existing workflow steps.",
+		"Use +workflow-get first, then edit the returned definition and keep title/status/steps fields you do not intend to change.",
+		"workflow-id must start with wkf; do not pass a tbl table ID.",
+		"Step ids must be unique, and every next/children link must reference an existing step id.",
+		"Updating does not enable or disable a workflow; call +workflow-enable or +workflow-disable separately.",
+		"Use lark-base-workflow-guide.md as the entry guide and lark-base-workflow-schema.md as the steps JSON SSOT; do not invent steps[].type/data/next/children from natural language.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("base-token")) == "" {

shortcuts/common/runner.go

@@ -860,9 +860,7 @@ func newRuntimeContext(cmd *cobra.Command, f *cmdutil.Factory, s *Shortcut, conf
 	}
 	rctx.larkSDK = sdk
 
-	if s.HasFormat {
+	rctx.Format = rctx.Str("format")
-		rctx.Format = rctx.Str("format")
-	}
 	rctx.JqExpr, _ = cmd.Flags().GetString("jq")
 	return rctx, nil
 }
@@ -1026,17 +1024,15 @@ func registerShortcutFlagsWithContext(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command, f
 	}
 
 	cmd.Flags().Bool("dry-run", false, "print request without executing")
-	if s.HasFormat {
+	if cmd.Flags().Lookup("format") == nil {
 		cmd.Flags().String("format", "json", "output format: json (default) | pretty | table | ndjson | csv")
+		cmdutil.RegisterFlagCompletion(cmd, "format", func(_ *cobra.Command, _ []string, _ string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
+			return []string{"json", "pretty", "table", "ndjson", "csv"}, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+		})
 	}
 	if s.Risk == "high-risk-write" {
 		cmd.Flags().Bool("yes", false, "confirm high-risk operation")
 	}
 	cmd.Flags().StringP("jq", "q", "", "jq expression to filter JSON output")
 	cmdutil.AddShortcutIdentityFlag(ctx, cmd, f, s.AuthTypes)
-	if s.HasFormat {
-		cmdutil.RegisterFlagCompletion(cmd, "format", func(_ *cobra.Command, _ []string, _ string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
-			return []string{"json", "pretty", "table", "ndjson", "csv"}, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
-		})
-	}
 }

shortcuts/common/runner_format_universal_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package common
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/cmdutil"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// TestShortcutMount_FormatFlagAlwaysRegistered verifies that --format is
+// injected for every shortcut regardless of the HasFormat field value.
+func TestShortcutMount_FormatFlagAlwaysRegistered(t *testing.T) {
+	f, _, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, nil)
+	parent := &cobra.Command{Use: "root"}
+	shortcut := Shortcut{
+		Service:     "im",
+		Command:     "+message-send",
+		Description: "send message",
+		HasFormat:   false, // explicitly false — format must still be registered
+		Execute:     func(context.Context, *RuntimeContext) error { return nil },
+	}
+	shortcut.Mount(parent, f)
+
+	cmd, _, err := parent.Find([]string{"+message-send"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Find() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	flag := cmd.Flags().Lookup("format")
+	if flag == nil {
+		t.Fatal("--format flag not registered; expected it to be injected even when HasFormat is false")
+	}
+	if flag.DefValue != "json" {
+		t.Errorf("--format default = %q, want %q", flag.DefValue, "json")
+	}
+}

shortcuts/common/types.go

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ type Shortcut struct {
 	// Declarative fields (new framework).
 	AuthTypes []string // supported identities: "user", "bot" (default: ["user"])
 	Flags     []Flag   // flag definitions; --dry-run is auto-injected
-	HasFormat bool     // auto-inject --format flag (json|pretty|table|ndjson|csv)
+	HasFormat bool     // Deprecated: --format is now always injected; this field has no effect.
 	Tips      []string // optional tips shown in --help output
 	Hidden    bool     // hide from --help / tab completion (still executable); use when deprecating a command in favor of a replacement
 

shortcuts/im/coverage_additional_test.go

@@ -102,9 +102,6 @@ func TestResolveMarkdownAsPost(t *testing.T) {
 	if !strings.Contains(got, `"tag":"md"`) {
 		t.Fatalf("resolveMarkdownAsPost() = %q, want post payload", got)
 	}
-	if !strings.Contains(got, `"tag":"text"`) {
-		t.Fatalf("resolveMarkdownAsPost() = %q, want segmented blank-line text paragraph", got)
-	}
 	if !strings.Contains(got, `#### Title`) || !strings.Contains(got, `##### Subtitle`) {
 		t.Fatalf("resolveMarkdownAsPost() = %q, want optimized heading levels", got)
 	}

shortcuts/im/helpers.go

@@ -817,49 +817,25 @@ func readMp4Duration(f fileio.File, fileSize int64) int64 {
 //  5. Compress excess blank lines
 //  6. Strip invalid image references (keep only img_xxx keys)
 var (
-	reH2toH6             = regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)^#{2,6} (.+)$`)
+	reH2toH6     = regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)^#{2,6} (.+)$`)
-	reH1                 = regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)^# (.+)$`)
+	reH1         = regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)^# (.+)$`)
-	reHasH1toH3          = regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)^#{1,3} `)
+	reHasH1toH3  = regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)^#{1,3} `)
-	reConsecH            = regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)^(#{4,5} .+)\n{1,2}(#{4,5} )`)
+	reConsecH    = regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)^(#{4,5} .+)\n{1,2}(#{4,5} )`)
-	reTableNoGap         = regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)^([^|\n].*)\n(\|.+\|)`)
+	reTableNoGap = regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)^([^|\n].*)\n(\|.+\|)`)
-	reTableAfter         = regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)((?:^\|.+\|[^\S\n]*\n?)+)`)
+	reTableAfter = regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)((?:^\|.+\|[^\S\n]*\n?)+)`)
-	reExcessNL           = regexp.MustCompile(`\n{3,}`)
+	reExcessNL   = regexp.MustCompile(`\n{3,}`)
-	reInvalidImg         = regexp.MustCompile(`!\[[^\]]*\]\(([^)\s]+)\)`)
+	reInvalidImg = regexp.MustCompile(`!\[[^\]]*\]\(([^)\s]+)\)`)
-	reCodeBlock          = regexp.MustCompile("```[\\s\\S]*?```")
+	reCodeBlock  = regexp.MustCompile("```[\\s\\S]*?```")
-	reBlankLineSeparator = regexp.MustCompile(`\n(?:[ \t]*\n)+`)
 )
 
-const (
-	markdownCodeBlockPlaceholder = "___CB_"
-	postBlankLinePlaceholder     = "\u200B"
-)
-
-type markdownPart struct {
-	text         string
-	newlineCount int
-	isSeparator  bool
-}
-
-func protectMarkdownCodeBlocks(text string) (string, []string) {
-	var codeBlocks []string
-	protected := reCodeBlock.ReplaceAllStringFunc(text, func(m string) string {
-		idx := len(codeBlocks)
-		codeBlocks = append(codeBlocks, m)
-		return fmt.Sprintf("%s%d___", markdownCodeBlockPlaceholder, idx)
-	})
-	return protected, codeBlocks
-}
-
-func restoreMarkdownCodeBlocks(text string, codeBlocks []string) string {
-	restored := text
-	for i, block := range codeBlocks {
-		restored = strings.Replace(restored, fmt.Sprintf("%s%d___", markdownCodeBlockPlaceholder, i), block, 1)
-	}
-	return restored
-}
-
 func optimizeMarkdownStyle(text string) string {
-	r, codeBlocks := protectMarkdownCodeBlocks(text)
+	const mark = "___CB_"
+	var codeBlocks []string
+	r := reCodeBlock.ReplaceAllStringFunc(text, func(m string) string {
+		idx := len(codeBlocks)
+		codeBlocks = append(codeBlocks, m)
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s%d___", mark, idx)
+	})
 
 	// Only downgrade when original text has H1~H3; order matters (H2~H6 first).
 	if reHasH1toH3.MatchString(text) {
@@ -872,7 +848,9 @@ func optimizeMarkdownStyle(text string) string {
 	r = reTableNoGap.ReplaceAllString(r, "$1\n\n$2")
 	r = reTableAfter.ReplaceAllString(r, "$1\n")
 
-	r = restoreMarkdownCodeBlocks(r, codeBlocks)
+	for i, block := range codeBlocks {
+		r = strings.Replace(r, fmt.Sprintf("%s%d___", mark, i), block, 1)
+	}
 
 	r = reExcessNL.ReplaceAllString(r, "\n\n")
 
@@ -891,109 +869,12 @@ func optimizeMarkdownStyle(text string) string {
 	return r
 }
 
-func shouldUseSegmentedPost(markdown string) bool {
-	protected, _ := protectMarkdownCodeBlocks(markdown)
-	return reBlankLineSeparator.MatchString(protected)
-}
-
-func splitMarkdownByBlankLines(markdown string) []markdownPart {
-	protected, codeBlocks := protectMarkdownCodeBlocks(markdown)
-	locs := reBlankLineSeparator.FindAllStringIndex(protected, -1)
-	if len(locs) == 0 {
-		return []markdownPart{{text: markdown}}
-	}
-
-	parts := make([]markdownPart, 0, len(locs)*2+1)
-	last := 0
-	for _, loc := range locs {
-		if loc[0] > last {
-			content := restoreMarkdownCodeBlocks(protected[last:loc[0]], codeBlocks)
-			if content != "" {
-				parts = append(parts, markdownPart{text: content})
-			}
-		}
-		separator := protected[loc[0]:loc[1]]
-		parts = append(parts, markdownPart{
-			isSeparator:  true,
-			newlineCount: strings.Count(separator, "\n"),
-		})
-		last = loc[1]
-	}
-
-	if last < len(protected) {
-		content := restoreMarkdownCodeBlocks(protected[last:], codeBlocks)
-		if content != "" {
-			parts = append(parts, markdownPart{text: content})
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(parts) == 0 {
-		return []markdownPart{{text: markdown}}
-	}
-	return parts
-}
-
-func marshalMarkdownPostContent(content [][]map[string]interface{}) string {
-	payload := map[string]interface{}{
-		"zh_cn": map[string]interface{}{
-			"content": content,
-		},
-	}
-	data, _ := json.Marshal(payload)
-	return string(data)
-}
-
-func buildSingleMDPost(markdown string) string {
-	return marshalMarkdownPostContent([][]map[string]interface{}{
-		{{
-			"tag":  "md",
-			"text": optimizeMarkdownStyle(markdown),
-		}},
-	})
-}
-
-func buildSegmentedPost(markdown string) string {
-	parts := splitMarkdownByBlankLines(markdown)
-	content := make([][]map[string]interface{}, 0, len(parts))
-	for _, part := range parts {
-		if part.isSeparator {
-			for i := 1; i < part.newlineCount; i++ {
-				content = append(content, []map[string]interface{}{{
-					"tag":  "text",
-					"text": postBlankLinePlaceholder,
-				}})
-			}
-			continue
-		}
-		if part.text == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		optimized := strings.Trim(optimizeMarkdownStyle(part.text), "\n")
-		if optimized == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		content = append(content, []map[string]interface{}{{
-			"tag":  "md",
-			"text": optimized,
-		}})
-	}
-	if len(content) == 0 {
-		return buildSingleMDPost(markdown)
-	}
-	return marshalMarkdownPostContent(content)
-}
-
-func buildMarkdownPostContent(markdown string) string {
-	if shouldUseSegmentedPost(markdown) {
-		return buildSegmentedPost(markdown)
-	}
-	return buildSingleMDPost(markdown)
-}
-
 // wrapMarkdownAsPost wraps markdown text into Feishu post format JSON (no network).
-// Used by DryRun. Output may include md/text paragraphs when blank-line separators are present.
+// Used by DryRun. Output: {"zh_cn":{"content":[[{"tag":"md","text":"..."}]]}}
 func wrapMarkdownAsPost(markdown string) string {
-	return buildMarkdownPostContent(markdown)
+	optimized := optimizeMarkdownStyle(markdown)
+	inner, _ := json.Marshal(optimized)
+	return `{"zh_cn":{"content":[[{"tag":"md","text":` + string(inner) + `}]]}}`
 }
 
 var reMarkdownImage = regexp.MustCompile(`!\[[^\]]*\]\((https?://[^)\s]+)\)`)
@@ -1028,7 +909,9 @@ func wrapMarkdownAsPostForDryRun(markdown string) (content, desc string) {
 // and wraps as post format JSON. Used by Execute (makes network calls).
 func resolveMarkdownAsPost(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, markdown string) string {
 	resolved := resolveMarkdownImageURLs(ctx, runtime, markdown)
-	return buildMarkdownPostContent(resolved)
+	optimized := optimizeMarkdownStyle(resolved)
+	inner, _ := json.Marshal(optimized)
+	return `{"zh_cn":{"content":[[{"tag":"md","text":` + string(inner) + `}]]}}`
 }
 
 // resolveMarkdownImageURLs finds ![alt](https://...) in markdown, downloads each URL,

shortcuts/im/helpers_test.go

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ package im
 import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/binary"
-	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
@@ -17,36 +16,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
 )
 
-func decodePostContentForTest(t *testing.T, raw string) []interface{} {
-	t.Helper()
-
-	var payload map[string]interface{}
-	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &payload); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("json.Unmarshal() error = %v, raw=%s", err, raw)
-	}
-	locale, _ := payload["zh_cn"].(map[string]interface{})
-	content, _ := locale["content"].([]interface{})
-	if content == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("post content missing: %#v", payload)
-	}
-	return content
-}
-
-func decodePostParagraphForTest(t *testing.T, raw string, idx int) map[string]interface{} {
-	t.Helper()
-
-	content := decodePostContentForTest(t, raw)
-	if idx >= len(content) {
-		t.Fatalf("paragraph index %d out of range, len=%d, raw=%s", idx, len(content), raw)
-	}
-	paragraph, _ := content[idx].([]interface{})
-	if len(paragraph) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("paragraph %d = %#v, want single node", idx, paragraph)
-	}
-	node, _ := paragraph[0].(map[string]interface{})
-	return node
-}
-
 func TestNormalizeAtMentions(t *testing.T) {
 	input := `<at id=ou_alpha/> hi <at open_id="ou_beta"> and <at user_id=ou_gamma /> and <at email="x@example.com"/>`
 	got := normalizeAtMentions(input)
@@ -171,16 +140,6 @@ func TestWrapMarkdownAsPostForDryRun(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestWrapMarkdownAsPostForDryRun_SegmentedBlankLines(t *testing.T) {
-	content, _ := wrapMarkdownAsPostForDryRun("hello\n\n![alt](https://example.com/a.png)")
-	if !strings.Contains(content, `![alt](img_dryrun_1)`) {
-		t.Fatalf("wrapMarkdownAsPostForDryRun(segmented) content = %q, want placeholder img key", content)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(content, `"tag":"text"`) {
-		t.Fatalf("wrapMarkdownAsPostForDryRun(segmented) content = %q, want blank-line text paragraph", content)
-	}
-}
-
 func TestResolveMediaContentWithoutUploads(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		name       string
@@ -375,88 +334,15 @@ func TestOptimizeMarkdownStyle(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestWrapMarkdownAsPost(t *testing.T) {
 	got := wrapMarkdownAsPost("hello **world**")
-	content := decodePostContentForTest(t, got)
+	// Should produce valid JSON with post structure
-	if len(content) != 1 {
+	if !strings.Contains(got, `"tag":"md"`) {
-		t.Fatalf("wrapMarkdownAsPost() content len = %d, want 1", len(content))
+		t.Fatalf("wrapMarkdownAsPost() missing md tag: %s", got)
 	}
-	node := decodePostParagraphForTest(t, got, 0)
+	if !strings.Contains(got, `"zh_cn"`) {
-	if node["tag"] != "md" {
+		t.Fatalf("wrapMarkdownAsPost() missing zh_cn: %s", got)
-		t.Fatalf("wrapMarkdownAsPost() tag = %#v, want md", node["tag"])
 	}
-	if node["text"] != "hello **world**" {
+	if !strings.Contains(got, "hello **world**") {
-		t.Fatalf("wrapMarkdownAsPost() text = %#v, want %q", node["text"], "hello **world**")
+		t.Fatalf("wrapMarkdownAsPost() missing content: %s", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestShouldUseSegmentedPost(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		name     string
-		markdown string
-		want     bool
-	}{
-		{name: "single newline", markdown: "a\nb", want: false},
-		{name: "blank line", markdown: "a\n\nb", want: true},
-		{name: "blank line with spaces", markdown: "a\n  \nb", want: true},
-		{name: "multiple blank lines", markdown: "a\n \n \n b", want: true},
-		{name: "blank lines inside code block only", markdown: "```go\n\n\nfmt.Println(1)\n```\nnext", want: false},
-	}
-
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			if got := shouldUseSegmentedPost(tt.markdown); got != tt.want {
-				t.Fatalf("shouldUseSegmentedPost(%q) = %v, want %v", tt.markdown, got, tt.want)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestWrapMarkdownAsPost_SegmentedBlankLines(t *testing.T) {
-	got := wrapMarkdownAsPost("a\n\nb")
-	content := decodePostContentForTest(t, got)
-	if len(content) != 3 {
-		t.Fatalf("wrapMarkdownAsPost(a\\n\\nb) content len = %d, want 3", len(content))
-	}
-
-	first := decodePostParagraphForTest(t, got, 0)
-	if first["tag"] != "md" || first["text"] != "a" {
-		t.Fatalf("first paragraph = %#v, want md/a", first)
-	}
-
-	second := decodePostParagraphForTest(t, got, 1)
-	if second["tag"] != "text" || second["text"] != postBlankLinePlaceholder {
-		t.Fatalf("second paragraph = %#v, want blank text placeholder", second)
-	}
-
-	third := decodePostParagraphForTest(t, got, 2)
-	if third["tag"] != "md" || third["text"] != "b" {
-		t.Fatalf("third paragraph = %#v, want md/b", third)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestWrapMarkdownAsPost_SegmentedMultipleBlankLines(t *testing.T) {
-	got := wrapMarkdownAsPost("a\n\n\nb")
-	content := decodePostContentForTest(t, got)
-	if len(content) != 4 {
-		t.Fatalf("wrapMarkdownAsPost(a\\n\\n\\nb) content len = %d, want 4", len(content))
-	}
-
-	for i := 1; i <= 2; i++ {
-		node := decodePostParagraphForTest(t, got, i)
-		if node["tag"] != "text" || node["text"] != postBlankLinePlaceholder {
-			t.Fatalf("blank paragraph %d = %#v, want blank text placeholder", i, node)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestWrapMarkdownAsPost_SegmentedBlankLinesWithSpaces(t *testing.T) {
-	got := wrapMarkdownAsPost("a\n  \nb")
-	content := decodePostContentForTest(t, got)
-	if len(content) != 3 {
-		t.Fatalf("wrapMarkdownAsPost(a\\n  \\nb) content len = %d, want 3", len(content))
-	}
-	node := decodePostParagraphForTest(t, got, 1)
-	if node["tag"] != "text" || node["text"] != postBlankLinePlaceholder {
-		t.Fatalf("middle paragraph = %#v, want blank text placeholder", node)
 	}
 }
 

shortcuts/vc/vc_notes.go

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 //
 // Three mutually exclusive input modes (only one allowed per invocation):
 //   meeting-ids:        meeting.get → note_id → note detail API
-//   minute-tokens:      minutes API → note detail + AI artifacts + transcript
+//   minute-tokens:      minutes API → note detail + AI artifacts (transcript inlined)
 //   calendar-event-ids: primary calendar → mget_instance_relation_info → meeting_id → meeting.get → note_id
 
 package vc
@@ -38,16 +38,18 @@ import (
 var (
 	scopesMeetingIDs = []string{
 		"vc:meeting.meetingevent:read",
+		"vc:note:read",
+		"vc:record:readonly",
 	}
 	scopesMinuteTokens = []string{
 		"minutes:minutes:readonly",
 		"minutes:minutes.artifacts:read",
-		"minutes:minutes.transcript:export",
 	}
 	scopesCalendarEventIDs = []string{
 		"calendar:calendar:read",
 		"calendar:calendar.event:read",
 		"vc:meeting.meetingevent:read",
+		"vc:record:readonly",
 	}
 )
 
@@ -59,6 +61,37 @@ const (
 
 const logPrefix = "[vc +notes]"
 
+const (
+	minutesNoReadPermissionCode = 2091005
+
+	// recording API specific error codes (used to surface meeting minute_token state).
+	recordingNotFoundCode     = 121004 // 该会议没有妙记文件
+	recordingNoPermissionCode = 121005 // 非会议参与者无权查看
+	recordingGeneratingCode   = 124002 // 录制/妙记文件仍在生成中
+
+	// note detail API specific error code.
+	noteNoPermissionCode = 121005 // 调用者没有该纪要的阅读权限
+)
+
+func minutesReadError(err error, minuteToken string) error {
+	var exitErr *output.ExitError
+	if !errors.As(err, &exitErr) || exitErr.Detail == nil || exitErr.Detail.Code != minutesNoReadPermissionCode {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return &output.ExitError{
+		Code: output.ExitAPI,
+		Detail: &output.ErrDetail{
+			Type:    "no_read_permission",
+			Code:    minutesNoReadPermissionCode,
+			Message: fmt.Sprintf("No read permission for minute %s: cannot query the minute.", minuteToken),
+			Hint:    "Ask the minute owner for minute file read permission",
+			Detail:  exitErr.Detail.Detail,
+		},
+		Err: err,
+	}
+}
+
 // validMinuteToken matches the server's minute-token format and blocks any
 // user-supplied token from reaching filesystem paths unsanitized.
 var validMinuteToken = regexp.MustCompile(`^[a-z0-9]+$`)
@@ -196,7 +229,10 @@ func fetchNoteByCalendarEventID(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeCont
 	for _, meetingID := range relInfo.MeetingIDs {
 		fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "%s event %s → meeting_id=%s\n", logPrefix, sanitizeLogValue(instanceID), sanitizeLogValue(meetingID))
 		noteResult := fetchNoteByMeetingID(ctx, runtime, meetingID)
-		if noteResult["error"] == nil {
+		// success means note detail was retrieved, regardless of whether the
+		// recording API (minute_token) call succeeded — minute_token failures
+		// surface as part of the merged `error` string for downstream visibility.
+		if _, ok := noteResult["note_doc_token"].(string); ok {
 			for k, v := range noteResult {
 				result[k] = v
 			}
@@ -246,7 +282,51 @@ func asStringSlice(v any) []string {
 	return ss
 }
 
-// fetchNoteByMeetingID queries notes via meeting_id.
+// fetchMeetingMinuteToken queries the recording API of a meeting and returns
+// the associated minute_token (parsed from the recording URL) and an
+// optional human-friendly error message. On success token is non-empty and
+// errMsg is empty; on failure token is empty and errMsg describes the cause:
+//   - 121004: meeting has no minute file
+//   - 121005: caller has no permission for the meeting recording
+//   - 124002: recording / minute file is still being generated
+//
+// Other failures fall back to the raw API error description so Agents can
+// still parse the underlying cause.
+func fetchMeetingMinuteToken(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, meetingID string) (token, errMsg string) {
+	data, err := runtime.DoAPIJSON(http.MethodGet,
+		fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/vc/v1/meetings/%s/recording", validate.EncodePathSegment(meetingID)),
+		nil, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		var exitErr *output.ExitError
+		if errors.As(err, &exitErr) && exitErr.Detail != nil {
+			switch exitErr.Detail.Code {
+			case recordingNotFoundCode:
+				return "", "no minute file for this meeting"
+			case recordingNoPermissionCode:
+				return "", "no permission to access this meeting's minute; ask the meeting owner to share the minute"
+			case recordingGeneratingCode:
+				return "", "minute file is still being generated; please retry later"
+			}
+		}
+		return "", fmt.Sprintf("failed to query recording: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	recording, _ := data["recording"].(map[string]any)
+	if recording == nil {
+		return "", "no recording available for this meeting"
+	}
+	recordingURL, _ := recording["url"].(string)
+	if t := extractMinuteToken(recordingURL); t != "" {
+		return t, ""
+	}
+	return "", "no minute_token found in recording URL"
+}
+
+// fetchNoteByMeetingID queries notes via meeting_id and additionally fetches
+// the meeting's minute_token via the recording API. The two paths are queried
+// independently; their failures are merged into a single `error` field
+// (semicolon-separated) so Agents always see all causes at once. The
+// `minute_token` field is only populated on success.
 func fetchNoteByMeetingID(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, meetingID string) map[string]any {
 	data, err := runtime.DoAPIJSON(http.MethodGet, fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/vc/v1/meetings/%s", validate.EncodePathSegment(meetingID)),
 		larkcore.QueryParams{"with_participants": []string{"false"}, "query_mode": []string{"0"}}, nil)
@@ -259,16 +339,60 @@ func fetchNoteByMeetingID(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, m
 		return map[string]any{"meeting_id": meetingID, "error": "meeting not found"}
 	}
 
-	noteID, _ := meeting["note_id"].(string)
+	// Always attempt to query the meeting's minute_token via the recording API,
-	if noteID == "" {
+	// regardless of whether the meeting has a note_id, so callers always see
-		return map[string]any{"meeting_id": meetingID, "error": "no notes available for this meeting"}
+	// minute state for follow-up calls (e.g. `vc +notes --minute-tokens=...`).
+	minuteToken, minuteErr := fetchMeetingMinuteToken(runtime, meetingID)
+
+	var result map[string]any
+	var noteErr string
+	if noteID, _ := meeting["note_id"].(string); noteID != "" {
+		result = fetchNoteDetail(ctx, runtime, noteID)
+		if msg, _ := result["error"].(string); msg != "" {
+			noteErr = msg
+			delete(result, "error")
+		}
+	} else {
+		result = map[string]any{}
+		noteErr = "no notes available for this meeting"
 	}
 
-	result := fetchNoteDetail(ctx, runtime, noteID)
 	result["meeting_id"] = meetingID
+	if minuteToken != "" {
+		result["minute_token"] = minuteToken
+	}
+	if combined := joinErrors(noteErr, minuteErr); combined != "" {
+		result["error"] = combined
+	}
 	return result
 }
 
+// joinErrors merges multiple non-empty error messages with "; " so Agents can
+// see all causes at once when both note and minute paths fail.
+func joinErrors(msgs ...string) string {
+	parts := make([]string, 0, len(msgs))
+	for _, m := range msgs {
+		if m != "" {
+			parts = append(parts, m)
+		}
+	}
+	return strings.Join(parts, "; ")
+}
+
+// hasNotesPayload reports whether a result map carries any usable note or
+// minute payload, irrespective of partial failures surfaced via `error`.
+func hasNotesPayload(m map[string]any) bool {
+	if m == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, k := range []string{"note_doc_token", "verbatim_doc_token", "minute_token", "meeting_notes", "shared_doc_tokens", "artifacts"} {
+		if v, ok := m[k]; ok && v != nil && v != "" {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // fetchNoteByMinuteToken queries notes via minute_token.
 // Fetches both note detail (doc tokens) and AI artifacts (summary/todos/chapters inline +
 // transcript to file) independently, merging into a single result map for Agent consumption.
@@ -277,7 +401,13 @@ func fetchNoteByMinuteToken(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext,
 
 	data, err := runtime.DoAPIJSON(http.MethodGet, fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/%s", validate.EncodePathSegment(minuteToken)), nil, nil)
 	if err != nil {
-		return map[string]any{"minute_token": minuteToken, "error": fmt.Sprintf("failed to query minutes: %v", err)}
+		err = minutesReadError(err, minuteToken)
+		result := map[string]any{"minute_token": minuteToken, "error": err.Error()}
+		var exitErr *output.ExitError
+		if errors.As(err, &exitErr) && exitErr.Detail != nil && exitErr.Detail.Hint != "" {
+			result["hint"] = exitErr.Detail.Hint
+		}
+		return result
 	}
 
 	minute, _ := data["minute"].(map[string]any)
@@ -305,13 +435,9 @@ func fetchNoteByMinuteToken(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext,
 		}
 	}
 
-	// path 2 & 3: AI artifacts are collected under the artifacts field.
+	// AI artifacts + transcript come from the same /artifacts endpoint.
 	artifacts := map[string]any{}
-	fetchInlineArtifacts(runtime, minuteToken, artifacts)
+	fetchInlineArtifacts(runtime, minuteToken, title, artifacts)
-	transcriptPath := downloadTranscriptFile(runtime, minuteToken, title)
-	if transcriptPath != "" {
-		artifacts["transcript_file"] = transcriptPath
-	}
 	if len(artifacts) > 0 {
 		result["artifacts"] = artifacts
 	}
@@ -338,67 +464,9 @@ func sanitizeDirName(title, minuteToken string) string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("artifact-%s-%s", safe, minuteToken)
 }
 
-// downloadTranscriptFile downloads transcript to a local file and returns the file path (empty on failure).
+// fetchInlineArtifacts fetches summary/todos/chapters/keywords and transcript from the
-func downloadTranscriptFile(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, minuteToken string, title string) string {
+// /artifacts API, persists transcript to disk, and exposes the path as transcript_file.
-	errOut := runtime.IO().ErrOut
+func fetchInlineArtifacts(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, minuteToken string, title string, result map[string]any) {
-
-	// With no --output-dir the default layout shares the directory with
-	// `minutes +download`. Legacy layout is preserved when the flag is set.
-	var dirName string
-	if outDir := runtime.Str("output-dir"); outDir != "" {
-		dirName = filepath.Join(outDir, sanitizeDirName(title, minuteToken))
-	} else {
-		dirName = common.DefaultMinuteArtifactDir(minuteToken)
-	}
-	transcriptPath := filepath.Join(dirName, common.DefaultTranscriptFileName)
-
-	// Overwrite check via FileIO.Stat
-	if !runtime.Bool("overwrite") {
-		if _, statErr := runtime.FileIO().Stat(transcriptPath); statErr == nil {
-			fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "%s transcript already exists: %s (use --overwrite to replace)\n", logPrefix, transcriptPath)
-			return transcriptPath
-		}
-	}
-
-	fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "%s downloading transcript: %s\n", logPrefix, transcriptPath)
-	apiResp, err := runtime.DoAPI(&larkcore.ApiReq{
-		HttpMethod: http.MethodGet,
-		ApiPath:    fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/%s/transcript", validate.EncodePathSegment(minuteToken)),
-		QueryParams: larkcore.QueryParams{
-			"need_speaker":   []string{"true"},
-			"need_timestamp": []string{"true"},
-			"file_format":    []string{"txt"},
-		},
-	}, larkcore.WithFileDownload())
-	if err != nil {
-		fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "%s failed to download transcript: %v\n", logPrefix, err)
-		return ""
-	}
-	if apiResp.StatusCode >= 400 {
-		fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "%s failed to download transcript: HTTP %d\n", logPrefix, apiResp.StatusCode)
-		return ""
-	}
-	if len(apiResp.RawBody) == 0 {
-		fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "%s transcript is empty (not available for this minute)\n", logPrefix)
-		return ""
-	}
-	if _, err := runtime.FileIO().Save(transcriptPath, fileio.SaveOptions{}, bytes.NewReader(apiResp.RawBody)); err != nil {
-		var me *fileio.MkdirError
-		switch {
-		case errors.Is(err, fileio.ErrPathValidation):
-			fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "%s invalid transcript path: %v\n", logPrefix, err)
-		case errors.As(err, &me):
-			fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "%s failed to create directory: %v\n", logPrefix, err)
-		default:
-			fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "%s failed to write transcript: %v\n", logPrefix, err)
-		}
-		return ""
-	}
-	return transcriptPath
-}
-
-// fetchInlineArtifacts fetches summary/todos/chapters from artifacts API and writes them inline into result map.
-func fetchInlineArtifacts(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, minuteToken string, result map[string]any) {
 	errOut := runtime.IO().ErrOut
 	fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "%s fetching AI artifacts...\n", logPrefix)
 	data, err := runtime.DoAPIJSON(http.MethodGet, fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/%s/artifacts", validate.EncodePathSegment(minuteToken)), nil, nil)
@@ -418,6 +486,50 @@ func fetchInlineArtifacts(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, minuteToken string, re
 	if keywords, ok := data["keywords"].([]any); ok && len(keywords) > 0 {
 		result["keywords"] = keywords
 	}
+	if transcript, ok := data["transcript"].(string); ok && transcript != "" {
+		if path := saveTranscriptToFile(runtime, minuteToken, title, []byte(transcript)); path != "" {
+			result["transcript_file"] = path
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// saveTranscriptToFile persists transcript bytes to the canonical artifact path
+// for the given minute_token. Returns the file path on success (or when the
+// file already exists and --overwrite is not set), empty string on any failure.
+func saveTranscriptToFile(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, minuteToken, title string, content []byte) string {
+	errOut := runtime.IO().ErrOut
+
+	// With no --output-dir the default layout shares the directory with
+	// `minutes +download`. Legacy layout is preserved when the flag is set.
+	var dirName string
+	if outDir := runtime.Str("output-dir"); outDir != "" {
+		dirName = filepath.Join(outDir, sanitizeDirName(title, minuteToken))
+	} else {
+		dirName = common.DefaultMinuteArtifactDir(minuteToken)
+	}
+	transcriptPath := filepath.Join(dirName, common.DefaultTranscriptFileName)
+
+	if !runtime.Bool("overwrite") {
+		if _, statErr := runtime.FileIO().Stat(transcriptPath); statErr == nil {
+			fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "%s transcript already exists: %s (use --overwrite to replace)\n", logPrefix, transcriptPath)
+			return transcriptPath
+		}
+	}
+
+	fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "%s writing transcript: %s\n", logPrefix, transcriptPath)
+	if _, err := runtime.FileIO().Save(transcriptPath, fileio.SaveOptions{}, bytes.NewReader(content)); err != nil {
+		var me *fileio.MkdirError
+		switch {
+		case errors.Is(err, fileio.ErrPathValidation):
+			fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "%s invalid transcript path: %v\n", logPrefix, err)
+		case errors.As(err, &me):
+			fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "%s failed to create directory: %v\n", logPrefix, err)
+		default:
+			fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "%s failed to write transcript: %v\n", logPrefix, err)
+		}
+		return ""
+	}
+	return transcriptPath
 }
 
 // parseArtifactType extracts artifact_type as int from varying JSON number representations.
@@ -472,6 +584,10 @@ func extractDocTokens(refs []any) []string {
 func fetchNoteDetail(_ context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, noteID string) map[string]any {
 	data, err := runtime.DoAPIJSON(http.MethodGet, fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/vc/v1/notes/%s", validate.EncodePathSegment(noteID)), nil, nil)
 	if err != nil {
+		var exitErr *output.ExitError
+		if errors.As(err, &exitErr) && exitErr.Detail != nil && exitErr.Detail.Code == noteNoPermissionCode {
+			return map[string]any{"error": fmt.Sprintf("[%v]: no read permission for this meeting note", exitErr.Detail.Code)}
+		}
 		return map[string]any{"error": fmt.Sprintf("failed to query note detail: %v", err)}
 	}
 
@@ -568,17 +684,17 @@ var VCNotes = common.Shortcut{
 			return common.NewDryRunAPI().
 				GET("/open-apis/vc/v1/meetings/{meeting_id}").
 				GET("/open-apis/vc/v1/notes/{note_id}").
+				GET("/open-apis/vc/v1/meetings/{meeting_id}/recording").
 				Set("meeting_ids", common.SplitCSV(ids)).
-				Set("steps", "meeting.get → note_id → note detail API")
+				Set("steps", "meeting.get → note_id → note detail API + recording API → minute_token")
 		}
 		if tokens := runtime.Str("minute-tokens"); tokens != "" {
 			return common.NewDryRunAPI().
 				GET("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/{minute_token}").
 				GET("/open-apis/vc/v1/notes/{note_id}").
 				GET("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/{minute_token}/artifacts").
-				GET("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/{minute_token}/transcript").
 				Set("minute_tokens", common.SplitCSV(tokens)).
-				Set("steps", "minutes API → note detail + AI artifacts + transcript")
+				Set("steps", "minutes API → note detail + AI artifacts (incl. transcript)")
 		}
 		ids := runtime.Str("calendar-event-ids")
 		return common.NewDryRunAPI().
@@ -586,8 +702,9 @@ var VCNotes = common.Shortcut{
 			POST("/open-apis/calendar/v4/calendars/{calendar_id}/events/mget_instance_relation_info").
 			GET("/open-apis/vc/v1/meetings/{meeting_id}").
 			GET("/open-apis/vc/v1/notes/{note_id}").
+			GET("/open-apis/vc/v1/meetings/{meeting_id}/recording").
 			Set("calendar_event_ids", common.SplitCSV(ids)).
-			Set("steps", "primary calendar → mget_instance_relation_info → meeting_id → meeting.get → note detail API")
+			Set("steps", "primary calendar → mget_instance_relation_info → meeting_id → meeting.get → note detail API + recording API → minute_token")
 	},
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		errOut := runtime.IO().ErrOut
@@ -641,11 +758,13 @@ var VCNotes = common.Shortcut{
 			}
 		}
 
-		// count results
+		// count results: a result counts as "successful" when it carries any
+		// note/minute payload, even if the merged `error` field surfaces a
+		// partial failure (e.g. note ok but minute_token lookup failed).
 		successCount := 0
 		for _, r := range results {
 			m, _ := r.(map[string]any)
-			if m["error"] == nil {
+			if hasNotesPayload(m) {
 				successCount++
 			}
 		}

shortcuts/vc/vc_notes_test.go

@@ -116,48 +116,26 @@ func noteDetailStub(noteID string) *httpmock.Stub {
 	}
 }
 
-func artifactsStub(token string) *httpmock.Stub {
+func artifactsStub(token, transcript string) *httpmock.Stub {
+	data := map[string]interface{}{
+		"summary":         "Test summary content",
+		"minute_todos":    []interface{}{map[string]interface{}{"content": "Buy milk"}},
+		"minute_chapters": []interface{}{map[string]interface{}{"title": "Intro", "summary_content": "Opening"}},
+		"keywords":        []interface{}{"budget", "roadmap"},
+	}
+	if transcript != "" {
+		data["transcript"] = transcript
+	}
 	return &httpmock.Stub{
 		Method: "GET",
 		URL:    "/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/" + token + "/artifacts",
 		Body: map[string]interface{}{
 			"code": 0, "msg": "ok",
-			"data": map[string]interface{}{
+			"data": data,
-				"summary":         "Test summary content",
-				"minute_todos":    []interface{}{map[string]interface{}{"content": "Buy milk"}},
-				"minute_chapters": []interface{}{map[string]interface{}{"title": "Intro", "summary_content": "Opening"}},
-				"keywords":        []interface{}{"budget", "roadmap"},
-			},
 		},
 	}
 }
 
-func emptyArtifactsStub(token string) *httpmock.Stub {
-	return &httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "GET",
-		URL:    "/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/" + token + "/artifacts",
-		Body:   map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "msg": "ok", "data": map[string]interface{}{}},
-	}
-}
-
-func transcriptStub(token string) *httpmock.Stub {
-	return &httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "GET",
-		URL:    "/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/" + token + "/transcript",
-		Body:   map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "msg": "ok", "data": map[string]interface{}{}},
-	}
-}
-
-// transcriptRawStub returns an actual transcript body so downloadTranscriptFile
-// writes a file to disk. Used by path-layout tests.
-func transcriptRawStub(token string, body []byte) *httpmock.Stub {
-	return &httpmock.Stub{
-		Method:  "GET",
-		URL:     "/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/" + token + "/transcript",
-		RawBody: body,
-	}
-}
-
 func minuteGetStub(token, noteID, title string) *httpmock.Stub {
 	minute := map[string]interface{}{"title": title}
 	if noteID != "" {
@@ -677,8 +655,7 @@ func TestNotes_TranscriptDefaultLayout(t *testing.T) {
 
 	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
 	reg.Register(minuteGetStub("tok001", "", "Meeting Title"))
-	reg.Register(emptyArtifactsStub("tok001"))
+	reg.Register(artifactsStub("tok001", "speaker1: hello world\n"))
-	reg.Register(transcriptRawStub("tok001", []byte("speaker1: hello world\n")))
 
 	err := mountAndRun(t, VCNotes, []string{
 		"+notes", "--minute-tokens", "tok001", "--as", "user",
@@ -706,8 +683,7 @@ func TestNotes_TranscriptExplicitOutputDir_PreservesLegacyLayout(t *testing.T) {
 
 	f, _, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
 	reg.Register(minuteGetStub("tok001", "", "Meeting Title"))
-	reg.Register(emptyArtifactsStub("tok001"))
+	reg.Register(artifactsStub("tok001", "content"))
-	reg.Register(transcriptRawStub("tok001", []byte("content")))
 
 	if err := os.MkdirAll("out", 0755); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("setup: %v", err)
@@ -728,3 +704,352 @@ func TestNotes_TranscriptExplicitOutputDir_PreservesLegacyLayout(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("minutes/ should not be created when --output-dir is explicit")
 	}
 }
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Tests for joinErrors / hasNotesPayload (pure helpers)
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func TestJoinErrors(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		in   []string
+		want string
+	}{
+		{"all empty", []string{"", "", ""}, ""},
+		{"single", []string{"only"}, "only"},
+		{"two non-empty", []string{"a", "b"}, "a; b"},
+		{"skip empties", []string{"", "a", "", "b", ""}, "a; b"},
+		{"three", []string{"x", "y", "z"}, "x; y; z"},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := joinErrors(tt.in...); got != tt.want {
+				t.Errorf("joinErrors(%v) = %q, want %q", tt.in, got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHasNotesPayload(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		in   map[string]any
+		want bool
+	}{
+		{"nil", nil, false},
+		{"empty", map[string]any{}, false},
+		{"only meta", map[string]any{"meeting_id": "m1", "error": "fail"}, false},
+		{"empty values", map[string]any{"note_doc_token": "", "minute_token": ""}, false},
+		{"has note_doc_token", map[string]any{"note_doc_token": "doc1"}, true},
+		{"has verbatim_doc_token", map[string]any{"verbatim_doc_token": "v1"}, true},
+		{"has minute_token", map[string]any{"minute_token": "obc"}, true},
+		{"has meeting_notes", map[string]any{"meeting_notes": []string{"d1"}}, true},
+		{"has shared_doc_tokens", map[string]any{"shared_doc_tokens": []string{"s1"}}, true},
+		{"has artifacts", map[string]any{"artifacts": map[string]any{"summary": "s"}}, true},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := hasNotesPayload(tt.in); got != tt.want {
+				t.Errorf("hasNotesPayload(%v) = %v, want %v", tt.in, got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Tests for fetchMeetingMinuteToken — recording API → minute_token mapping
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// recordingStub is a small helper for shaping `/v1/meetings/{id}/recording` responses.
+func recordingStub(meetingID string, body map[string]any) *httpmock.Stub {
+	return &httpmock.Stub{
+		Method: "GET",
+		URL:    "/open-apis/vc/v1/meetings/" + meetingID + "/recording",
+		Body:   body,
+	}
+}
+
+func recordingErrStub(meetingID string, code int, msg string) *httpmock.Stub {
+	return recordingStub(meetingID, map[string]any{"code": code, "msg": msg})
+}
+
+func recordingOKStub(meetingID, url string) *httpmock.Stub {
+	return recordingStub(meetingID, map[string]any{
+		"code": 0, "msg": "ok",
+		"data": map[string]any{
+			"recording": map[string]any{"url": url},
+		},
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFetchMeetingMinuteToken_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	f, _, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
+	reg.Register(recordingOKStub("m_ok", "https://meetings.feishu.cn/minutes/obctoken_ok"))
+
+	if err := botExec(t, "fmmt-ok", f, func(_ context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+		token, msg := fetchMeetingMinuteToken(rctx, "m_ok")
+		if token != "obctoken_ok" {
+			t.Errorf("token = %q, want obctoken_ok", token)
+		}
+		if msg != "" {
+			t.Errorf("errMsg = %q, want empty", msg)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFetchMeetingMinuteToken_KnownErrorCodes(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	cases := []struct {
+		name      string
+		meetingID string
+		code      int
+		wantMsg   string
+	}{
+		{"121004 not found", "m_121004", 121004, "no minute file for this meeting"},
+		{"121005 no permission", "m_121005", 121005, "no permission to access this meeting's minute"},
+		{"124002 generating", "m_124002", 124002, "minute file is still being generated"},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range cases {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			f, _, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
+			reg.Register(recordingErrStub(tt.meetingID, tt.code, "err"))
+
+			if err := botExec(t, "fmmt-"+tt.meetingID, f, func(_ context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+				token, msg := fetchMeetingMinuteToken(rctx, tt.meetingID)
+				if token != "" {
+					t.Errorf("token = %q, want empty on error", token)
+				}
+				if !strings.Contains(msg, tt.wantMsg) {
+					t.Errorf("errMsg = %q, want contains %q", msg, tt.wantMsg)
+				}
+				return nil
+			}); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFetchMeetingMinuteToken_GenericAPIError(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	f, _, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
+	reg.Register(recordingErrStub("m_other", 99999, "weird"))
+
+	if err := botExec(t, "fmmt-generic", f, func(_ context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+		token, msg := fetchMeetingMinuteToken(rctx, "m_other")
+		if token != "" {
+			t.Errorf("token = %q, want empty", token)
+		}
+		if !strings.Contains(msg, "failed to query recording") {
+			t.Errorf("errMsg = %q, want contains 'failed to query recording'", msg)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFetchMeetingMinuteToken_NoRecording(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	f, _, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
+	reg.Register(recordingStub("m_norec", map[string]any{
+		"code": 0, "msg": "ok",
+		"data": map[string]any{},
+	}))
+
+	if err := botExec(t, "fmmt-norec", f, func(_ context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+		token, msg := fetchMeetingMinuteToken(rctx, "m_norec")
+		if token != "" {
+			t.Errorf("token = %q, want empty", token)
+		}
+		if !strings.Contains(msg, "no recording available") {
+			t.Errorf("errMsg = %q, want contains 'no recording available'", msg)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFetchMeetingMinuteToken_URLWithoutToken(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	f, _, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
+	reg.Register(recordingOKStub("m_notok", "https://example.com/no/minute/path"))
+
+	if err := botExec(t, "fmmt-notok", f, func(_ context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+		token, msg := fetchMeetingMinuteToken(rctx, "m_notok")
+		if token != "" {
+			t.Errorf("token = %q, want empty", token)
+		}
+		if !strings.Contains(msg, "no minute_token found") {
+			t.Errorf("errMsg = %q, want contains 'no minute_token found'", msg)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Integration: fetchNoteByMeetingID — note + minute_token combined behavior
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// extractFirstNote runs +notes via --meeting-ids and returns the single result map.
+func extractFirstNote(t *testing.T, stdout *bytes.Buffer) map[string]any {
+	t.Helper()
+	var resp map[string]any
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(stdout.Bytes(), &resp); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to parse output: %v\n%s", err, stdout.String())
+	}
+	data, _ := resp["data"].(map[string]any)
+	notes, _ := data["notes"].([]any)
+	if len(notes) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 note, got %d (%v)", len(notes), notes)
+	}
+	note, _ := notes[0].(map[string]any)
+	return note
+}
+
+// assertNoteError verifies the result map's `error` field contains every
+// substring in wantSubstrs (order-independent). Pass an empty slice to assert
+// the field is absent. Centralized here so tests don't have to repeat the same
+// "for each substring, Contains + Errorf" pattern.
+func assertNoteError(t *testing.T, note map[string]any, wantSubstrs ...string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	errMsg, _ := note["error"].(string)
+	if len(wantSubstrs) == 0 {
+		if e, has := note["error"]; has {
+			t.Errorf("error should be absent, got %v", e)
+		}
+		return
+	}
+	for _, sub := range wantSubstrs {
+		if !strings.Contains(errMsg, sub) {
+			t.Errorf("error %q missing substring %q", errMsg, sub)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// assertNoteFieldAbsent fails the test if any of the named fields is present.
+func assertNoteFieldAbsent(t *testing.T, note map[string]any, fields ...string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	for _, f := range fields {
+		if v, has := note[f]; has {
+			t.Errorf("%s should be absent, got %v", f, v)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNotes_MeetingPath_NoteAndMinuteBothOK(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
+	reg.Register(meetingGetStub("m_both", "note_both"))
+	reg.Register(noteDetailStub("note_both"))
+	reg.Register(recordingOKStub("m_both", "https://meetings.feishu.cn/minutes/obc_both"))
+
+	if err := mountAndRun(t, VCNotes, []string{"+notes", "--meeting-ids", "m_both", "--as", "user"}, f, stdout); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	note := extractFirstNote(t, stdout)
+	if got := note["note_doc_token"]; got != "doc_main" {
+		t.Errorf("note_doc_token = %v, want doc_main", got)
+	}
+	if got := note["minute_token"]; got != "obc_both" {
+		t.Errorf("minute_token = %v, want obc_both", got)
+	}
+	assertNoteError(t, note)
+}
+
+func TestNotes_MeetingPath_OnlyMinuteFails_PartialSuccess(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
+	reg.Register(meetingGetStub("m_minfail", "note_minfail"))
+	reg.Register(noteDetailStub("note_minfail"))
+	reg.Register(recordingErrStub("m_minfail", 121005, "no permission"))
+
+	if err := mountAndRun(t, VCNotes, []string{"+notes", "--meeting-ids", "m_minfail", "--as", "user"}, f, stdout); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	note := extractFirstNote(t, stdout)
+	if got := note["note_doc_token"]; got != "doc_main" {
+		t.Errorf("note_doc_token = %v, want doc_main", got)
+	}
+	assertNoteFieldAbsent(t, note, "minute_token")
+	assertNoteError(t, note, "no permission to access this meeting's minute")
+}
+
+func TestNotes_MeetingPath_NoNote_ButMinuteOK(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
+	// note_id missing on the meeting object → no notes, but minute_token present
+	reg.Register(meetingGetStub("m_nonote", ""))
+	reg.Register(recordingOKStub("m_nonote", "https://meetings.feishu.cn/minutes/obc_nonote"))
+
+	if err := mountAndRun(t, VCNotes, []string{"+notes", "--meeting-ids", "m_nonote", "--as", "user"}, f, stdout); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	note := extractFirstNote(t, stdout)
+	if got := note["minute_token"]; got != "obc_nonote" {
+		t.Errorf("minute_token = %v, want obc_nonote", got)
+	}
+	assertNoteError(t, note, "no notes available for this meeting")
+}
+
+func TestNotes_MeetingPath_BothFail_ErrorJoinedWithSemicolon(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
+	// no note_id → "no notes available..."; recording 121004 → "no minute file..."
+	reg.Register(meetingGetStub("m_bothfail", ""))
+	reg.Register(recordingErrStub("m_bothfail", 121004, "data not found"))
+
+	// Two-path failure with no payload should make the batch return ErrAPI.
+	err := mountAndRun(t, VCNotes, []string{"+notes", "--meeting-ids", "m_bothfail", "--as", "user"}, f, stdout)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected batch failure error, got nil")
+	}
+
+	note := extractFirstNote(t, stdout)
+	assertNoteFieldAbsent(t, note, "minute_token")
+	assertNoteError(t, note,
+		"no notes available for this meeting",
+		"no minute file for this meeting",
+		"; ", // causes joined with semicolon
+	)
+}
+
+// noteDetailErrStub returns a stub that emits an error response from
+// /open-apis/vc/v1/notes/{note_id}.
+func noteDetailErrStub(noteID string, code int, msg string) *httpmock.Stub {
+	return &httpmock.Stub{
+		Method: "GET",
+		URL:    "/open-apis/vc/v1/notes/" + noteID,
+		Body:   map[string]any{"code": code, "msg": msg},
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNotes_MeetingPath_NoteNoPermission_FriendlyHint(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
+	// note 接口返回 121005 → 阅读权限不足；同时 recording 也返回 121005，
+	// 用以验证两路错误都会被合并到顶层 error 字段（用 "; " 拼接）。
+	reg.Register(meetingGetStub("m_noteperm", "note_noperm"))
+	reg.Register(noteDetailErrStub("note_noperm", 121005, "no permission"))
+	reg.Register(recordingErrStub("m_noteperm", 121005, "no permission"))
+
+	err := mountAndRun(t, VCNotes, []string{"+notes", "--meeting-ids", "m_noteperm", "--as", "user"}, f, stdout)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected batch failure error, got nil")
+	}
+
+	note := extractFirstNote(t, stdout)
+	assertNoteFieldAbsent(t, note, "note_doc_token", "minute_token")
+	assertNoteError(t, note,
+		"[121005]",
+		"no read permission for this meeting note",
+		"; ", // note + minute causes joined with semicolon
+	)
+}