feat: support wiki sources in drive export

2026-07-10 19:33:43 +08:00 · 2026-07-09 21:58:44 +08:00
156 changed files with 1725 additions and 7865 deletions
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -88,8 +88,6 @@ jobs:
        run: go run github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/v2/cmd/golangci-lint@v2.1.6 run --new-from-rev="$QUALITY_GATE_CHANGED_FROM"
      - name: Run errs/ lint guards (lintcheck)
        run: go run -C lint . --changed-from "$QUALITY_GATE_CHANGED_FROM" ..
-      - name: Run lint module tests
-        run: go test -C lint ./... -count=1

  script-test:
    needs: fast-gate
@@ -265,19 +263,13 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
      - uses: actions/setup-go@4a3601121dd01d1626a1e23e37211e3254c1c06c # v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
      - uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6
        with:
          python-version: '3.x'
-      - name: Resolve CLI E2E domains
-        id: e2e_domains
-        run: node scripts/e2e_domains.js
      - name: Build lark-cli
-        if: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.mode != 'skip' }}
        run: make build
      - name: Run dry-run E2E tests
        env:
@@ -285,28 +277,7 @@ jobs:
          LARKSUITE_CLI_APP_ID: dry-run
          LARKSUITE_CLI_APP_SECRET: dry-run
          LARKSUITE_CLI_BRAND: feishu
-          E2E_MODE: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.mode }}
-          E2E_REASON: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.reason }}
-          E2E_DRY_ROOT_PACKAGE: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.dry_root_package }}
-          E2E_DRY_PACKAGES: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.dry_packages }}
-        run: |
-          if [ "$E2E_MODE" = "skip" ]; then
-            echo "No dry-run CLI E2E needed: $E2E_REASON"
-            exit 0
-          fi
-          if [ -z "$E2E_DRY_ROOT_PACKAGE" ] && [ -z "$E2E_DRY_PACKAGES" ]; then
-            echo "::error::No dry-run CLI E2E packages resolved for mode $E2E_MODE"
-            exit 1
-          fi
-          echo "Dry-run CLI E2E domains: $E2E_MODE ($E2E_REASON)"
-          if [ -n "$E2E_DRY_ROOT_PACKAGE" ]; then
-            echo "Dry-run CLI E2E root package: $E2E_DRY_ROOT_PACKAGE"
-            go test -v -count=1 -timeout=5m "$E2E_DRY_ROOT_PACKAGE"
-          fi
-          if [ -n "$E2E_DRY_PACKAGES" ]; then
-            echo "Dry-run CLI E2E packages: $E2E_DRY_PACKAGES"
-            go test -v -count=1 -timeout=5m $E2E_DRY_PACKAGES -run 'DryRun|Regression'
-          fi
+        run: go test -v -count=1 -timeout=5m ./tests/cli_e2e/... -run 'DryRun|Regression'

  e2e-live:
    needs: [unit-test, lint, script-test, deterministic-gate]
@@ -321,22 +292,15 @@ jobs:
      TEST_USER_ACCESS_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.TEST_USER_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
      - uses: actions/setup-go@4a3601121dd01d1626a1e23e37211e3254c1c06c # v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
      - uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6
        with:
          python-version: '3.x'
-      - name: Resolve CLI E2E domains
-        id: e2e_domains
-        run: node scripts/e2e_domains.js
      - name: Build lark-cli
-        if: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.mode != 'skip' }}
        run: make build
      - name: Configure bot credentials
-        if: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.mode != 'skip' }}
        run: |
          if [ -z "$TEST_BOT1_APP_ID" ] || [ -z "$TEST_BOT1_APP_SECRET" ]; then
            echo "::error::Missing required secrets: TEST_BOT1_APP_ID / TEST_BOT1_APP_SECRET"
@@ -346,24 +310,16 @@ jobs:
      - name: Run CLI E2E tests
        env:
          LARK_CLI_BIN: ${{ github.workspace }}/lark-cli
-          E2E_MODE: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.mode }}
-          E2E_REASON: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.reason }}
-          E2E_LIVE_PACKAGES: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.live_packages }}
        run: |
-          if [ "$E2E_MODE" = "skip" ]; then
-            echo "No live CLI E2E needed: $E2E_REASON"
-            exit 0
-          fi
-          packages="$E2E_LIVE_PACKAGES"
+          packages=$(go list ./tests/cli_e2e/... | grep -v '^github.com/larksuite/cli/tests/cli_e2e$' | grep -v '/demo$')
          if [ -z "$packages" ]; then
-            echo "::error::No live CLI E2E packages resolved for mode $E2E_MODE"
+            echo "No CLI E2E packages to test after exclusions."
            exit 1
          fi
-          echo "Live CLI E2E domains: $E2E_MODE ($E2E_REASON)"
-          echo "Live CLI E2E packages: $packages"
-          go run gotest.tools/gotestsum@v1.12.3 --rerun-fails=2 --rerun-fails-max-failures=20 --packages="$packages" --format testname --junitfile cli-e2e-report.xml -- -count=1 -v
+          packages_arg=$(printf '%s\n' "$packages" | paste -sd' ' -)
+          go run gotest.tools/gotestsum@v1.12.3 --rerun-fails=2 --rerun-fails-max-failures=20 --packages="$packages_arg" --format testname --junitfile cli-e2e-report.xml -- -count=1 -v
      - name: Publish CLI E2E test report
-        if: ${{ !cancelled() && steps.e2e_domains.outputs.mode != 'skip' }}
+        if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
        uses: dorny/test-reporter@a43b3a5f7366b97d083190328d2c652e1a8b6aa2 # v3.0.0
        with:
          name: CLI E2E Tests
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -2,56 +2,6 @@

 All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.

-## [v1.0.67] - 2026-07-08
-
-### Features
-
- **mail**: add message modify and trash shortcuts (#1567)
- support whiteboard file inputs in docs XML (#1784)
- **vc**: refine meeting-events output and reaction forwarding (#1674)
- **affordance**: usage guidance for shortcuts and per-command skills (#1793)
-
-### Bug Fixes
-
- accept opaque wiki node tokens (#1789)
- **apps**: make db --environment optional, auto-select branch server-side (#1735)
- preserve original filename in multipart file upload (#1767)
-
-### Documentation
-
- restore one-time authorization guidance in lark-apps skill (#1794)
-
-### Misc
-
- e2e: harden CLI E2E retry, cleanup, and domain selection (#1709)
-
-## [v1.0.66] - 2026-07-07
-
-### Features
-
- support semantic recurring calendar operations (#1723)
- minute wait (#1768)
-
-### Bug Fixes
-
- guide drive import concurrency conflicts (#1751)
- **calendar**: guide approval room booking fallback (#1637)
- support pnpm global installs in self-update (#1705)
- resolve schema against runtime metadata in plugin builds; gate cache overlay by version (#1764)
-
-### Documentation
-
- tighten doc creation validation workflow (#1759)
- clarify success envelope contract — judge success by ok, not code (#1730)
-
-### Refactoring
-
- **envvars**: consolidate agent env value access (#1757)
-
-### Misc
-
- Improve agent-facing error guidance for drive, markdown, and wiki (#1779)
-
 ## [v1.0.65] - 2026-07-03

 ### Features
@@ -1421,8 +1371,6 @@ Bundled AI agent skills for intelligent assistance:
 - Bilingual documentation (English & Chinese).
 - CI/CD pipelines: linting, testing, coverage reporting, and automated releases.

-[v1.0.67]: https://github.com/larksuite/cli/releases/tag/v1.0.67
-[v1.0.66]: https://github.com/larksuite/cli/releases/tag/v1.0.66
 [v1.0.65]: https://github.com/larksuite/cli/releases/tag/v1.0.65
 [v1.0.64]: https://github.com/larksuite/cli/releases/tag/v1.0.64
 [v1.0.62]: https://github.com/larksuite/cli/releases/tag/v1.0.62
--- a/2
+++ b/2
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ script-test:
 	bash scripts/resolve-changed-from.test.sh
 	bash scripts/ci-workflow.test.sh
 	bash scripts/semantic-review-workflow.test.sh
-	$(NODE) --test scripts/e2e_domains.test.js scripts/semantic-review-verify-artifact.test.js scripts/pr-quality-summary.test.js scripts/semantic-review-publish.test.js scripts/ci-quality-summary-publish.test.js
+	$(NODE) --test scripts/semantic-review-verify-artifact.test.js scripts/pr-quality-summary.test.js scripts/semantic-review-publish.test.js scripts/ci-quality-summary-publish.test.js

 # ./extension/... keeps the public plugin SDK in the default test matrix.
 unit-test: fetch_meta
--- a/affordance/README.md
+++ b/affordance/README.md
@@ -10,33 +10,18 @@ step. Maintain these files alongside `skills/` and `shortcuts/`.
 A small, fixed markdown subset; each file describes one domain:

    # <domain>            optional `> skill: <name>` applies to every command below
-    ## <command>          the command as typed, minus `lark-cli <domain>`; a
-                          +-prefixed heading (## +create) targets that shortcut
+    ## <command>          the command as typed, minus `lark-cli <domain>`
    <lead paragraph>      when to use this command
    ### Avoid when        when not to use it / which command to use instead
    ### Prerequisites     what you must have first (e.g. an id, and where it comes from)
    ### Tips              gotchas and constraints
    ### Examples          **description** lines, each followed by a fenced command
-    ### Skills            bullet skill names, or name/relpath references
-                          (lark-contact/references/x.md), to read for usage;
-                          merged with the domain `> skill:` default (deduped,
-                          domain first)
    ### <other heading>   a custom section; flows through verbatim

 Reference another command with `[[command]]` — it renders as `command` in help.
 Under `Avoid when` it means "use that one instead"; under `Prerequisites`
 ("… from [[command]]") it means "get the input there first".

-Both service-API commands (`## messages get`) and `+`-prefixed shortcuts
-(`## +create`) take entries. A `### Skills` entry is a skill name (validated
-against `<name>/SKILL.md`) or a `name/relpath` reference into that skill
-(validated against the path); help drops any that don't resolve, so a typo shows
-nothing. Point a command at its own reference (e.g. `+search-user` →
-`lark-contact/references/lark-contact-search-user.md`) rather than re-listing the
-domain skill, which the `> skill:` default already covers. When a shortcut also
-sets a hand-authored `Tips` list in Go, the overlay's `### Tips` win — they
-replace the Go tips (not merged), so keep tips in one place.
-
 ## Example

    ## messages get
@@ -62,5 +47,3 @@ replace the Go tips (not merged), so keep tips in one place.
  anything the schema and flags already show; the agent infers the rest.
 - Command-form headings resolve to method ids via the registry, so plural resource
  names (`messages`) map to the singular method id (`message`) automatically.
-  `+`-prefixed shortcut headings are matched verbatim (no plural/space folding),
-  so the heading must equal the shortcut command exactly (`## +history-revert`).
--- a/affordance/contact.md
+++ b/affordance/contact.md
@@ -1,42 +1,6 @@
 # contact
 > skill: lark-contact

-## +search-user
-The primary user lookup for user identity: search by keyword or email, resolve known ids with --user-ids, or get yourself with --user-ids me — it does by-id reads too, so as a user you rarely need `+get-user`. Each match returns an open_id and p2p_chat_id to chain into follow-ups.
-
-### Skills
- lark-contact/references/lark-contact-search-user.md
-
-### Avoid when
- Running as a bot — this shortcut is user-only; use [[+get-user]] instead (it supports bot identity)
- You only need users' personal status for ids you already hold → use [[user_profiles batch_query]]
-
-### Examples
-
-**Find a user by name**
-```bash
-lark-cli contact +search-user --query "alice" --as user
-```
-
-**Fetch known users by open_id (me = yourself)**
-```bash
-lark-cli contact +search-user --user-ids "ou_3a8b****6a7b,me" --as user
-```
-
-## +get-user
-Fetch one user's profile by id, or your own with --user-id omitted. Use it under bot identity — `+search-user` is user-only.
-
-### Skills
- lark-contact/references/lark-contact-get-user.md
-
-### Avoid when
- You don't have the user's id yet, or want to match by name/keyword → use [[+search-user]]
- Running as a user — [[+search-user]] --user-ids covers by-id reads and more in one tool
-
-### Tips
- Self lookup (omit --user-id) needs user identity; a bot must pass --user-id
- --user-id-type must match the id you pass (default open_id)
-
 ## user_profiles batch_query
 Bulk-fetch personal status and signature for user ids you already have.

--- a/cmd/api/api_test.go
+++ b/cmd/api/api_test.go
@@ -4,14 +4,10 @@
 package api

 import (
-	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
-	"mime"
-	"mime/multipart"
 	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
@@ -1073,157 +1069,3 @@ func TestApiCmd_JsonFlag_Accepted(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("expected method GET, got %s", gotOpts.Method)
 	}
 }
-
-// parseMultipartFilenames drives one api --file upload through the mock
-// transport and returns a map of field name -> part filename parsed from the
-// captured multipart body, plus the map of text form fields. It fails the test
-// if the captured request is not multipart/form-data.
-func parseMultipartFilenames(t *testing.T, stub *httpmock.Stub) (map[string]string, map[string]string) {
-	t.Helper()
-	ct := stub.CapturedHeaders.Get("Content-Type")
-	mediaType, params, err := mime.ParseMediaType(ct)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("parse Content-Type %q: %v", ct, err)
-	}
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(mediaType, "multipart/") {
-		t.Fatalf("Content-Type = %q, want multipart/*", mediaType)
-	}
-	filenames := map[string]string{}
-	fields := map[string]string{}
-	mr := multipart.NewReader(bytes.NewReader(stub.CapturedBody), params["boundary"])
-	for {
-		part, err := mr.NextPart()
-		if err != nil {
-			break
-		}
-		if fn := part.FileName(); fn != "" {
-			filenames[part.FormName()] = fn
-		} else {
-			buf := &bytes.Buffer{}
-			_, _ = buf.ReadFrom(part)
-			fields[part.FormName()] = buf.String()
-		}
-	}
-	return filenames, fields
-}
-
-func TestApiCmd_FileUpload_PreservesFilename(t *testing.T) {
-	f, _, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, &core.CliConfig{
-		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
-	})
-
-	dir := t.TempDir()
-	cmdutil.TestChdir(t, dir)
-	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "invoice.pdf"), []byte("%PDF-1.4 fake"), 0600); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("write test file: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	stub := &httpmock.Stub{
-		URL:  "/open-apis/approval/v4/files/upload",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "msg": "success", "data": map[string]interface{}{"code": "file_xxx"}},
-	}
-	reg.Register(stub)
-
-	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
-	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"POST", "/open-apis/approval/v4/files/upload", "--as", "bot", "--file", "invoice.pdf"})
-	if err := cmd.Execute(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	filenames, _ := parseMultipartFilenames(t, stub)
-	if got := filenames["file"]; got != "invoice.pdf" {
-		t.Fatalf("part filename for field %q = %q, want %q", "file", got, "invoice.pdf")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestApiCmd_FileUpload_FieldPrefixKeepsBasename(t *testing.T) {
-	f, _, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, &core.CliConfig{
-		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
-	})
-
-	dir := t.TempDir()
-	cmdutil.TestChdir(t, dir)
-	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(dir, "sub"), 0700); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("mkdir: %v", err)
-	}
-	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "sub", "invoice.pdf"), []byte("%PDF-1.4 fake"), 0600); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("write test file: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	stub := &httpmock.Stub{
-		URL:  "/open-apis/approval/v4/files/upload",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "msg": "success", "data": map[string]interface{}{"code": "file_xxx"}},
-	}
-	reg.Register(stub)
-
-	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
-	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"POST", "/open-apis/approval/v4/files/upload", "--as", "bot", "--file", "upload=sub/invoice.pdf"})
-	if err := cmd.Execute(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	filenames, _ := parseMultipartFilenames(t, stub)
-	if _, ok := filenames["upload"]; !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("expected field name %q from field=path form, got fields %v", "upload", filenames)
-	}
-	if got := filenames["upload"]; got != "invoice.pdf" {
-		t.Fatalf("part filename for field %q = %q, want %q (basename only)", "upload", got, "invoice.pdf")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestApiCmd_FileUpload_WithDataFields(t *testing.T) {
-	f, _, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, &core.CliConfig{
-		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
-	})
-
-	dir := t.TempDir()
-	cmdutil.TestChdir(t, dir)
-	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "invoice.pdf"), []byte("%PDF-1.4 fake"), 0600); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("write test file: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	stub := &httpmock.Stub{
-		URL:  "/open-apis/approval/v4/files/upload",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "msg": "success", "data": map[string]interface{}{"code": "file_xxx"}},
-	}
-	reg.Register(stub)
-
-	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
-	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"POST", "/open-apis/approval/v4/files/upload", "--as", "bot",
-		"--file", "invoice.pdf", "--data", `{"type":"attachment"}`})
-	if err := cmd.Execute(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	filenames, fields := parseMultipartFilenames(t, stub)
-	if got := filenames["file"]; got != "invoice.pdf" {
-		t.Fatalf("part filename = %q, want %q", got, "invoice.pdf")
-	}
-	if got := fields["type"]; got != "attachment" {
-		t.Fatalf("text field type = %q, want %q", got, "attachment")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestApiCmd_FileUpload_StdinFallsBackToUnknown(t *testing.T) {
-	f, _, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, &core.CliConfig{
-		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
-	})
-	f.IOStreams.In = bytes.NewReader([]byte("stdin-bytes"))
-
-	stub := &httpmock.Stub{
-		URL:  "/open-apis/approval/v4/files/upload",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "msg": "success", "data": map[string]interface{}{"code": "file_xxx"}},
-	}
-	reg.Register(stub)
-
-	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
-	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"POST", "/open-apis/approval/v4/files/upload", "--as", "bot", "--file", "-"})
-	if err := cmd.Execute(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	filenames, _ := parseMultipartFilenames(t, stub)
-	if got := filenames["file"]; got != "unknown-file" {
-		t.Fatalf("stdin part filename = %q, want %q (no stable local name, fallback)", got, "unknown-file")
-	}
-}
--- a/cmd/config/bind_test.go
+++ b/cmd/config/bind_test.go
@@ -916,6 +916,25 @@ func TestReadDotenv_ValueWithEquals(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

+func TestNormalizeBrand(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		input string
+		want  string
+	}{
+		{"", "feishu"},
+		{"feishu", "feishu"},
+		{"lark", "lark"},
+		{"LARK", "lark"},
+		{" lark ", "lark"},
+		{"Lark", "lark"},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		if got := normalizeBrand(tt.input); got != tt.want {
+			t.Errorf("normalizeBrand(%q) = %q, want %q", tt.input, got, tt.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func TestResolveOpenClawConfigPath_Overrides(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("OPENCLAW_CONFIG_PATH wins", func(t *testing.T) {
 		custom := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "custom.json")
--- a/cmd/config/binder.go
+++ b/cmd/config/binder.go
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ func (b *openclawBinder) Build(appID string) (*core.AppConfig, error) {
 	return &core.AppConfig{
 		AppId:     selected.AppID,
 		AppSecret: stored,
-		Brand:     core.ParseBrand(selected.Brand),
+		Brand:     core.LarkBrand(normalizeBrand(selected.Brand)),
 	}, nil
 }

@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ func (b *hermesBinder) Build(appID string) (*core.AppConfig, error) {
 	return &core.AppConfig{
 		AppId:     appID,
 		AppSecret: stored,
-		Brand:     core.ParseBrand(b.envMap["FEISHU_DOMAIN"]),
+		Brand:     core.LarkBrand(normalizeBrand(b.envMap["FEISHU_DOMAIN"])),
 	}, nil
 }

@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ func (b *larkChannelBinder) Build(appID string) (*core.AppConfig, error) {
 	return &core.AppConfig{
 		AppId:     appID,
 		AppSecret: stored,
-		Brand:     core.ParseBrand(b.cfg.Accounts.App.Tenant),
+		Brand:     core.LarkBrand(normalizeBrand(b.cfg.Accounts.App.Tenant)),
 	}, nil
 }

@@ -350,6 +350,16 @@ func sourceDisplayName(source string) string {
 	}
 }

+// normalizeBrand applies .strip().lower() and defaults to "feishu".
+// Aligns with Hermes gateway/platforms/feishu.py:1119 behavior.
+func normalizeBrand(raw string) string {
+	s := strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(raw))
+	if s == "" {
+		return "feishu"
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
 // resolveHermesEnvPath returns the path to Hermes's .env file.
 // Respects HERMES_HOME override; defaults to ~/.hermes/.env.
 //
--- a/cmd/config/init_interactive.go
+++ b/cmd/config/init_interactive.go
@@ -208,19 +208,33 @@ func runCreateAppFlow(ctx context.Context, f *cmdutil.Factory, brandOverride cor
 		fmt.Fprintf(f.IOStreams.ErrOut, "  %s\n\n", verificationURL)
 		fmt.Fprintf(f.IOStreams.ErrOut, "%s\n", msg.WaitingForScanNonTTY)
 	}
-	// Step 4: Poll for credentials, following the tenant's actual brand when it
-	// differs from the configured one. Discovery — brand switching, deadline,
-	// polling — lives in internal/auth; this layer only classifies the terminal
-	// error and saves the result.
-	result, finalBrand, err := larkauth.RegisterAppWithDiscovery(ctx, httpClient, larkBrand, authResp, f.IOStreams.ErrOut)
+	result, err := larkauth.PollAppRegistration(ctx, httpClient, core.BrandFeishu, authResp.DeviceCode, authResp.Interval, authResp.ExpiresIn, f.IOStreams.ErrOut)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errs.NewAuthenticationError(errs.SubtypeUnknown, "app registration failed: %v", err).WithCause(err)
+		return nil, errs.NewAuthenticationError(errs.SubtypeUnknown, "%v", err).WithCause(err)
+	}
+
+	// Step 4: Handle Lark brand special case
+	// If tenant_brand=lark and no client_secret, retry with lark brand endpoint
+	if result.ClientSecret == "" && result.UserInfo != nil && result.UserInfo.TenantBrand == "lark" {
+		// fmt.Fprintf(f.IOStreams.ErrOut, "%s\n", msg.DetectedLarkTenant)
+		result, err = larkauth.PollAppRegistration(ctx, httpClient, core.BrandLark, authResp.DeviceCode, authResp.Interval, authResp.ExpiresIn, f.IOStreams.ErrOut)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errs.NewNetworkError(errs.SubtypeNetworkTransport, "lark endpoint retry failed: %v", err).WithCause(err)
+		}
 	}

 	if result.ClientID == "" || result.ClientSecret == "" {
 		return nil, errs.NewConfigError(errs.SubtypeInvalidClient, "app registration succeeded but missing client_id or client_secret")
 	}

+	// Determine final brand from response
+	finalBrand := larkBrand
+	if result.UserInfo != nil && result.UserInfo.TenantBrand == "lark" {
+		finalBrand = core.BrandLark
+	} else if result.UserInfo != nil && result.UserInfo.TenantBrand == "feishu" {
+		finalBrand = core.BrandFeishu
+	}
+
 	fmt.Fprintln(f.IOStreams.ErrOut)
 	output.PrintSuccess(f.IOStreams.ErrOut, fmt.Sprintf(msg.AppCreated, result.ClientID))

--- a/cmd/root.go
+++ b/cmd/root.go
@@ -679,11 +679,7 @@ func installTipsHelpFunc(root *cobra.Command) {
 			defaultHelp(cmd, args)
 			return
 		}
-		if service.PrepareMethodHelp(cmd, embeddedSkillContent) {
-			defaultHelp(cmd, args)
-			return
-		}
-		if service.PrepareShortcutHelp(cmd, embeddedSkillContent) {
+		if service.PrepareMethodHelp(cmd) {
 			defaultHelp(cmd, args)
 			return
 		}
--- a/cmd/root_integration_test.go
+++ b/cmd/root_integration_test.go
@@ -14,13 +14,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/cmd/api"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/cmd/auth"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/cmd/service"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/apicatalog"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/build"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/cmdutil"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/envvars"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/httpmock"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/meta"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/output"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/skillscheck"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/update"
@@ -105,11 +103,6 @@ func parseTypedEnvelope(t *testing.T, stderr *bytes.Buffer) typedErrorEnvelope {
 }

 func buildStrictModeIntegrationRootCmd(t *testing.T, f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
-	t.Helper()
-	return buildStrictModeIntegrationRootCmdWithCatalog(t, f, nil)
-}
-
-func buildStrictModeIntegrationRootCmdWithCatalog(t *testing.T, f *cmdutil.Factory, catalog *apicatalog.Catalog) *cobra.Command {
 	t.Helper()
 	rootCmd := &cobra.Command{Use: "lark-cli"}
 	rootCmd.SilenceErrors = true
@@ -120,11 +113,7 @@ func buildStrictModeIntegrationRootCmdWithCatalog(t *testing.T, f *cmdutil.Facto
 	}
 	rootCmd.AddCommand(auth.NewCmdAuth(f))
 	rootCmd.AddCommand(api.NewCmdApi(f, nil))
-	if catalog != nil {
-		service.RegisterServiceCommandsFromCatalog(context.Background(), rootCmd, f, *catalog)
-	} else {
-		service.RegisterServiceCommands(rootCmd, f)
-	}
+	service.RegisterServiceCommands(rootCmd, f)
 	shortcuts.RegisterShortcuts(rootCmd, f)
 	if mode := f.ResolveStrictMode(context.Background()); mode.IsActive() {
 		pruneForStrictMode(rootCmd, mode)
@@ -132,29 +121,6 @@ func buildStrictModeIntegrationRootCmdWithCatalog(t *testing.T, f *cmdutil.Facto
 	return rootCmd
 }

-func strictModeFixtureCatalog() apicatalog.Catalog {
-	return apicatalog.New(apicatalog.SourceEmbedded, []meta.Service{
-		{
-			Name:        "fixture",
-			ServicePath: "/open-apis/fixture/v1",
-			Resources: map[string]meta.Resource{
-				"things": {
-					Methods: map[string]meta.Method{
-						"create": {
-							Path:         "things",
-							HTTPMethod:   "POST",
-							AccessTokens: []meta.Token{meta.TokenTenant},
-							RequestBody: map[string]meta.Field{
-								"name": {Type: "string"},
-							},
-						},
-					},
-				},
-			},
-		},
-	})
-}
-
 func newStrictModeDefaultFactory(t *testing.T, profile string, mode core.StrictMode) (*cmdutil.Factory, *bytes.Buffer, *bytes.Buffer) {
 	t.Helper()
 	t.Setenv(envvars.CliAppID, "")
@@ -389,11 +355,10 @@ func TestIntegration_StrictModeBot_ProfileOverride_ServiceExplicitUserReturnsEnv

 func TestIntegration_StrictModeUser_ProfileOverride_ServiceBotOnlyMethodReturnsEnvelope(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, stderr := newStrictModeDefaultFactory(t, "target", core.StrictModeUser)
-	catalog := strictModeFixtureCatalog()
-	rootCmd := buildStrictModeIntegrationRootCmdWithCatalog(t, f, &catalog)
+	rootCmd := buildStrictModeIntegrationRootCmd(t, f)

 	code := executeRootIntegration(t, f, rootCmd, []string{
-		"fixture", "things", "create", "--data", `{"name":"probe"}`, "--dry-run",
+		"im", "images", "create", "--data", `{"image_type":"message","image":"x"}`, "--dry-run",
 	})

 	if code != output.ExitValidation {
--- a/cmd/root_upgrade_test.go
+++ b/cmd/root_upgrade_test.go
@@ -20,12 +20,7 @@ import (

 func writeUpdateState(t *testing.T, dir, latest string) {
 	t.Helper()
-	// The registry field must match the currently-resolved registry: the
-	// update cache is registry-scoped and CheckCached ignores foreign entries.
-	// Pin the env so the resolved registry is the public default.
-	t.Setenv("npm_config_registry", "")
-	t.Setenv("NPM_CONFIG_REGISTRY", "")
-	data := fmt.Sprintf(`{"latest_version":%q,"checked_at":%d,"registry":"https://registry.npmjs.org"}`, latest, time.Now().Unix())
+	data := fmt.Sprintf(`{"latest_version":%q,"checked_at":%d}`, latest, time.Now().Unix())
 	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "update-state.json"), []byte(data), 0o644); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
--- a/cmd/service/affordance.go
+++ b/cmd/service/affordance.go
@@ -71,18 +71,11 @@ func PrepareDomainHelp(cmd *cobra.Command, skillFS fs.FS) bool {
 }

 // domainHelpBase returns the description to seed domain help with — the
-// hand-authored Long when present, else the Short.
+// hand-authored Long when present, else the Short — captured once into an
+// annotation so re-rendering reuses the pristine text instead of the
+// already-augmented Long.
 func domainHelpBase(cmd *cobra.Command) string {
-	return captureHelpBase(cmd, domainBaseAnnotation)
-}
-
-// captureHelpBase records a command's pristine lead text once — its
-// hand-authored Long, or Short when Long is empty — into the given annotation,
-// so lazy re-renders compose onto the original text instead of onto an
-// already-augmented Long. This is what lets a shortcut's PostMount-authored
-// Long survive: it becomes the base the affordance block is appended below.
-func captureHelpBase(cmd *cobra.Command, key string) string {
-	if base, ok := cmd.Annotations[key]; ok {
+	if base, ok := cmd.Annotations[domainBaseAnnotation]; ok {
 		return base
 	}
 	base := cmd.Long
@@ -92,7 +85,7 @@ func captureHelpBase(cmd *cobra.Command, key string) string {
 	if cmd.Annotations == nil {
 		cmd.Annotations = map[string]string{}
 	}
-	cmd.Annotations[key] = base
+	cmd.Annotations[domainBaseAnnotation] = base
 	return base
 }

@@ -108,12 +101,12 @@ func methodLong(description, schemaPath, paramsOnly string) string {
 }

 // Annotation keys PrepareMethodHelp reads to rebuild a method command's Long.
-// The affordance overlay coordinates live in cmdmeta (shared with shortcuts).
 const (
-	schemaPathAnnotation   = "method-schema-path"
-	paramsOnlyAnnotation   = "method-params-only"
-	domainBaseAnnotation   = "affordance-domain-base"
-	shortcutBaseAnnotation = "affordance-shortcut-base"
+	affordanceServiceAnnotation = "affordance-service"
+	affordanceMethodAnnotation  = "affordance-method"
+	schemaPathAnnotation        = "method-schema-path"
+	paramsOnlyAnnotation        = "method-params-only"
+	domainBaseAnnotation        = "affordance-domain-base"
 )

 // setMethodHelpData records the coordinates PrepareMethodHelp needs (storing a
@@ -122,7 +115,10 @@ func setMethodHelpData(cmd *cobra.Command, service, methodID, schemaPath, params
 	if cmd.Annotations == nil {
 		cmd.Annotations = map[string]string{}
 	}
-	cmdmeta.SetAffordanceRef(cmd, service, methodID)
+	if service != "" && methodID != "" {
+		cmd.Annotations[affordanceServiceAnnotation] = service
+		cmd.Annotations[affordanceMethodAnnotation] = methodID
+	}
 	cmd.Annotations[schemaPathAnnotation] = schemaPath
 	if paramsOnly != "" {
 		cmd.Annotations[paramsOnlyAnnotation] = paramsOnly
@@ -132,11 +128,8 @@ func setMethodHelpData(cmd *cobra.Command, service, methodID, schemaPath, params
 // PrepareMethodHelp rebuilds a generated method command's Long with the agent
 // guidance at the TOP (Risk, then the affordance block, then the schema
 // pointer), returning false for non-method commands. The overlay is parsed
-// here — only when help is rendered. skillFS (nil-safe) gates the related-skill
-// pointers: each is emitted only when it resolves in the skill tree (see
-// affordance.SkillStatPath), so a typo or a build without embedded skills never
-// prints a `skills read` that cannot be opened.
-func PrepareMethodHelp(cmd *cobra.Command, skillFS fs.FS) bool {
+// here — only when help is rendered.
+func PrepareMethodHelp(cmd *cobra.Command) bool {
 	ann := cmd.Annotations
 	if ann == nil {
 		return false
@@ -148,15 +141,22 @@ func PrepareMethodHelp(cmd *cobra.Command, skillFS fs.FS) bool {

 	var b strings.Builder
 	b.WriteString(cmd.Short)
-	writeRisk(&b, cmd)
+	if level, ok := cmdutil.GetRisk(cmd); ok {
+		// --yes asserts the USER confirmed; the agent must not self-approve.
+		if level == cmdutil.RiskHighRiskWrite {
+			fmt.Fprintf(&b, "\n\nRisk: %s (requires explicit user confirmation to execute; the agent must NOT add --yes on its own — only pass --yes after the user has confirmed)", level)
+		} else {
+			fmt.Fprintf(&b, "\n\nRisk: %s", level)
+		}
+	}

 	var skills []string
 	if raw, ok := affordanceRaw(cmd); ok {
+		if block := renderAffordance(meta.Method{Affordance: raw}); block != "" {
+			b.WriteString("\n\n")
+			b.WriteString(block)
+		}
 		if a, ok := (meta.Method{Affordance: raw}).ParsedAffordance(); ok {
-			if block := renderAffordanceValue(a); block != "" {
-				b.WriteString("\n\n")
-				b.WriteString(block)
-			}
 			skills = a.Skills
 		}
 	}
@@ -164,93 +164,15 @@ func PrepareMethodHelp(cmd *cobra.Command, skillFS fs.FS) bool {
 	fmt.Fprintf(&b, "\n\nFull parameter schema:\n  lark-cli schema %s", schemaPath)
 	b.WriteString(ann[paramsOnlyAnnotation])

-	writeRelatedSkills(&b, skills, skillFS)
-
-	cmd.Long = b.String()
-	return true
-}
-
-// PrepareShortcutHelp composes a +-prefixed shortcut's Long from its affordance
-// overlay — the same top layout as method help (description, Risk, guidance
-// block, related skills) minus the schema pointer, which shortcuts have none
-// of. Returns false when the command is not a shortcut or carries no overlay
-// entry, so shortcuts without guidance keep the default help plus the bottom
-// risk/tips append.
-//
-// The lead is the command's pristine base (captureHelpBase): a shortcut that
-// set a hand-authored Long in PostMount (e.g. the docs shortcuts' "agents MUST
-// read the skill" directive) keeps it — the affordance block is appended below,
-// never clobbering it.
-//
-// Tips precedence (intentional, not a bug): the overlay's ### Tips win. The
-// shortcut's declarative Tips (the Go Tips field) are only a fallback used when
-// the overlay declares none; when the overlay has tips, the Go tips are dropped
-// (replaced, not merged) so tips never render twice. Authoring a ### Tips block
-// therefore silently retires that shortcut's Go Tips — consolidate into one.
-func PrepareShortcutHelp(cmd *cobra.Command, skillFS fs.FS) bool {
-	if src, _ := cmdmeta.SourceOf(cmd); src != cmdmeta.SourceShortcut {
-		return false
-	}
-	raw, ok := affordanceRaw(cmd)
-	if !ok {
-		return false
-	}
-	a, ok := (meta.Method{Affordance: raw}).ParsedAffordance()
-	if !ok {
-		return false
-	}
-	if len(a.Tips) == 0 {
-		a.Tips = cmdutil.GetTips(cmd)
-	}
-
-	var b strings.Builder
-	b.WriteString(captureHelpBase(cmd, shortcutBaseAnnotation))
-	writeRisk(&b, cmd)
-	if block := renderAffordanceValue(a); block != "" {
-		b.WriteString("\n\n")
-		b.WriteString(block)
-	}
-	writeRelatedSkills(&b, a.Skills, skillFS)
-
-	cmd.Long = b.String()
-	return true
-}
-
-// writeRisk appends the "Risk: <level>" line, warning agents not to self-approve
-// high-risk-write commands. A no-op when the command has no risk annotation.
-func writeRisk(b *strings.Builder, cmd *cobra.Command) {
-	level, ok := cmdutil.GetRisk(cmd)
-	if !ok {
-		return
-	}
-	// --yes asserts the USER confirmed; the agent must not self-approve.
-	if level == cmdutil.RiskHighRiskWrite {
-		fmt.Fprintf(b, "\n\nRisk: %s (requires explicit user confirmation to execute; the agent must NOT add --yes on its own — only pass --yes after the user has confirmed)", level)
-	} else {
-		fmt.Fprintf(b, "\n\nRisk: %s", level)
-	}
-}
-
-// writeRelatedSkills appends the "Related skills" block for the entries that
-// exist in skillFS. Nothing is written when skillFS is nil or no entry resolves,
-// so help never prints a `skills read` pointer that cannot be opened.
-func writeRelatedSkills(b *strings.Builder, skills []string, skillFS fs.FS) {
-	if skillFS == nil || len(skills) == 0 {
-		return
-	}
-	var avail []string
-	for _, s := range skills {
-		if _, err := fs.Stat(skillFS, affordance.SkillStatPath(s)); err == nil {
-			avail = append(avail, s)
+	if len(skills) > 0 {
+		b.WriteString("\n\nWorkflow skill (end-to-end usage):")
+		for _, s := range skills {
+			fmt.Fprintf(&b, "\n  lark-cli skills read %s", s)
 		}
 	}
-	if len(avail) == 0 {
-		return
-	}
-	b.WriteString("\n\nRelated skills (read for end-to-end usage):")
-	for _, s := range avail {
-		fmt.Fprintf(b, "\n  lark-cli skills read %s", s)
-	}
+
+	cmd.Long = b.String()
+	return true
 }

 // affordanceLookup is the overlay source; a package var so tests can inject.
@@ -267,8 +189,12 @@ func RenderAffordanceForCmd(cmd *cobra.Command) string {
 }

 func affordanceRaw(cmd *cobra.Command) (json.RawMessage, bool) {
-	service, methodID, ok := cmdmeta.AffordanceRef(cmd)
-	if !ok {
+	if cmd.Annotations == nil {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	service := cmd.Annotations[affordanceServiceAnnotation]
+	methodID := cmd.Annotations[affordanceMethodAnnotation]
+	if service == "" || methodID == "" {
 		return nil, false
 	}
 	return affordanceLookup(service, methodID)
@@ -281,13 +207,7 @@ func renderAffordance(m meta.Method) string {
 	if !ok {
 		return ""
 	}
-	return renderAffordanceValue(a)
-}

-// renderAffordanceValue renders an already-parsed affordance. Split from
-// renderAffordance so callers can render a value they have adjusted first (e.g.
-// a shortcut folding its declarative tips into an overlay that has none).
-func renderAffordanceValue(a meta.Affordance) string {
 	var sections []string
 	bullets := func(title string, items []string) {
 		var nonEmpty []string
--- a/cmd/service/affordance_test.go
+++ b/cmd/service/affordance_test.go
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
-	"testing/fstest"

 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/cmdmeta"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/cmdutil"
@@ -71,8 +70,8 @@ func TestServiceMethod_AffordanceNotInLong(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("affordance must not be baked into Long (lazy):\n%s", cmd.Long)
 	}
 	// The lookup ref is recorded so the help path can resolve it later.
-	if svc, method, ok := cmdmeta.AffordanceRef(cmd); !ok || svc != "im" || method != "messages.create" {
-		t.Errorf("affordance ref = %q/%q (ok=%v), want im/messages.create", svc, method, ok)
+	if cmd.Annotations[affordanceServiceAnnotation] != "im" || cmd.Annotations[affordanceMethodAnnotation] != "messages.create" {
+		t.Errorf("affordance ref annotations = %v, want im/messages.create", cmd.Annotations)
 	}
 }

@@ -120,7 +119,7 @@ func TestPrepareMethodHelp(t *testing.T) {
 	m := map[string]interface{}{"id": "messages.create", "path": "messages", "httpMethod": "POST", "description": "发送消息"}
 	cmd := NewCmdServiceMethod(f, imSpec(), meta.FromMap(m), "create", "messages", nil)

-	if !PrepareMethodHelp(cmd, nil) {
+	if !PrepareMethodHelp(cmd) {
 		t.Fatal("PrepareMethodHelp returned false for a service-method command")
 	}
 	long := cmd.Long
@@ -137,133 +136,11 @@ func TestPrepareMethodHelp(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	// A non-service command (no schema-path annotation) is left untouched.
-	if PrepareMethodHelp(&cobra.Command{Use: "plain"}, nil) {
+	if PrepareMethodHelp(&cobra.Command{Use: "plain"}) {
 		t.Error("PrepareMethodHelp should return false for a non-service command")
 	}
 }

-// PrepareShortcutHelp composes a shortcut's Long from its overlay with the same
-// top layout as method help (no schema pointer), folding declarative tips when
-// the overlay declares none, and leaves shortcuts without an overlay entry (and
-// non-shortcut commands) for the default help path.
-func TestPrepareShortcutHelp(t *testing.T) {
-	orig := affordanceLookup
-	t.Cleanup(func() { affordanceLookup = orig })
-	affordanceLookup = func(service, methodID string) (json.RawMessage, bool) {
-		if service == "calendar" && methodID == "+create" {
-			return json.RawMessage(`{"use_when":["高层创建日程"],"skills":["lark-calendar"]}`), true
-		}
-		return nil, false
-	}
-
-	sc := &cobra.Command{Use: "+create", Short: "Create an event"}
-	cmdmeta.SetSource(sc, cmdmeta.SourceShortcut, false)
-	cmdmeta.SetAffordanceRef(sc, "calendar", "+create")
-	cmdutil.SetRisk(sc, "write")
-	cmdutil.SetTips(sc, []string{"start/end 收 ISO 8601"})
-
-	if !PrepareShortcutHelp(sc, nil) {
-		t.Fatal("PrepareShortcutHelp returned false for a shortcut with an overlay")
-	}
-	for _, want := range []string{"Create an event", "Risk: write", "When to use:", "高层创建日程", "Tips:", "start/end 收 ISO 8601"} {
-		if !strings.Contains(sc.Long, want) {
-			t.Errorf("shortcut Long missing %q:\n%s", want, sc.Long)
-		}
-	}
-	if strings.Contains(sc.Long, "Full parameter schema:") {
-		t.Errorf("shortcut Long must not carry a schema pointer:\n%s", sc.Long)
-	}
-
-	// No overlay entry -> leave it for the default help path.
-	bare := &cobra.Command{Use: "+bare", Short: "x"}
-	cmdmeta.SetSource(bare, cmdmeta.SourceShortcut, false)
-	cmdmeta.SetAffordanceRef(bare, "calendar", "+bare")
-	if PrepareShortcutHelp(bare, nil) {
-		t.Error("PrepareShortcutHelp should return false when the shortcut has no overlay")
-	}
-
-	// Non-shortcut source is ignored even with a ref.
-	notSc := &cobra.Command{Use: "create", Short: "x"}
-	cmdmeta.SetAffordanceRef(notSc, "calendar", "+create")
-	if PrepareShortcutHelp(notSc, nil) {
-		t.Error("PrepareShortcutHelp should return false for a non-shortcut command")
-	}
-}
-
-// Related-skill pointers are gated on existence: a skill that resolves in the
-// skill FS renders, a typo is dropped (never print an unopenable `skills read`),
-// and a nil skill FS suppresses the whole block.
-func TestRelatedSkillsStatGating(t *testing.T) {
-	orig := affordanceLookup
-	t.Cleanup(func() { affordanceLookup = orig })
-	affordanceLookup = func(_, _ string) (json.RawMessage, bool) {
-		return json.RawMessage(`{"use_when":["x"],"skills":["lark-real","lark-typo","lark-real/references/deep.md","lark-real/references/missing.md"]}`), true
-	}
-	skillFS := fstest.MapFS{
-		"lark-real/SKILL.md":           {Data: []byte("# real")},
-		"lark-real/references/deep.md": {Data: []byte("# deep")},
-	}
-
-	f, _, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, testConfig)
-	m := map[string]interface{}{"id": "messages.create", "path": "messages", "httpMethod": "POST", "description": "d"}
-
-	cmd := NewCmdServiceMethod(f, imSpec(), meta.FromMap(m), "create", "messages", nil)
-	if !PrepareMethodHelp(cmd, skillFS) {
-		t.Fatal("PrepareMethodHelp returned false")
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(cmd.Long, "skills read lark-real\n") {
-		t.Errorf("existing bare-name skill should render on its own line; got:\n%s", cmd.Long)
-	}
-	if strings.Contains(cmd.Long, "lark-typo") {
-		t.Errorf("nonexistent skill must be dropped, not printed as an unopenable pointer; got:\n%s", cmd.Long)
-	}
-	// A name/relpath reference to an existing file renders; a missing one drops.
-	if !strings.Contains(cmd.Long, "skills read lark-real/references/deep.md") {
-		t.Errorf("existing reference entry should render; got:\n%s", cmd.Long)
-	}
-	if strings.Contains(cmd.Long, "references/missing.md") {
-		t.Errorf("nonexistent reference must be dropped; got:\n%s", cmd.Long)
-	}
-
-	// nil skill FS: the whole Related-skills block is suppressed.
-	bare := NewCmdServiceMethod(f, imSpec(), meta.FromMap(m), "create", "messages", nil)
-	PrepareMethodHelp(bare, nil)
-	if strings.Contains(bare.Long, "Related skills") {
-		t.Errorf("nil skillFS should suppress the skills block; got:\n%s", bare.Long)
-	}
-}
-
-// A shortcut that set a hand-authored Long (as the docs shortcuts do in
-// PostMount) keeps it as the lead: the affordance block is appended below, not
-// clobbered, and re-rendering does not double-append.
-func TestPrepareShortcutHelp_PreservesPostMountLong(t *testing.T) {
-	orig := affordanceLookup
-	t.Cleanup(func() { affordanceLookup = orig })
-	affordanceLookup = func(_, _ string) (json.RawMessage, bool) {
-		return json.RawMessage(`{"use_when":["高层创建日程"]}`), true
-	}
-
-	const authored = "Custom docs help. AI agents MUST read the skill first."
-	sc := &cobra.Command{Use: "+create", Short: "Create", Long: authored}
-	cmdmeta.SetSource(sc, cmdmeta.SourceShortcut, false)
-	cmdmeta.SetAffordanceRef(sc, "calendar", "+create")
-
-	if !PrepareShortcutHelp(sc, nil) {
-		t.Fatal("PrepareShortcutHelp returned false for a shortcut with an overlay")
-	}
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(sc.Long, authored) {
-		t.Errorf("hand-authored Long must lead, not be clobbered; got:\n%s", sc.Long)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(sc.Long, "When to use:") {
-		t.Errorf("affordance block should be appended below the base; got:\n%s", sc.Long)
-	}
-	// Re-render must reuse the captured base, not append the block twice.
-	PrepareShortcutHelp(sc, nil)
-	if n := strings.Count(sc.Long, "When to use:"); n != 1 {
-		t.Errorf("affordance appended %d times across re-renders, want 1:\n%s", n, sc.Long)
-	}
-}
-
 // domainCmd wires a domain-tagged command with a subcommand under a root, the
 // shape PrepareDomainHelp expects.
 func domainCmd(short, long string) *cobra.Command {
--- a/cmd/service/service_test.go
+++ b/cmd/service/service_test.go
@@ -4,14 +4,10 @@
 package service

 import (
-	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
-	"mime"
-	"mime/multipart"
 	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"

@@ -1136,63 +1132,6 @@ func TestDetectFileFields(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-// parseMultipartFilenames drives one service-method --file upload through the
-// mock transport and returns a map of field name -> part filename parsed from
-// the captured multipart body. Mirrors cmd/api's helper of the same name
-// (inlined here rather than shared, since the two live in different packages)
-// to give BuildFormdata's shared local-file fix a second real entry-point
-// covering it.
-func parseMultipartFilenames(t *testing.T, stub *httpmock.Stub) map[string]string {
-	t.Helper()
-	ct := stub.CapturedHeaders.Get("Content-Type")
-	mediaType, params, err := mime.ParseMediaType(ct)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("parse Content-Type %q: %v", ct, err)
-	}
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(mediaType, "multipart/") {
-		t.Fatalf("Content-Type = %q, want multipart/*", mediaType)
-	}
-	filenames := map[string]string{}
-	mr := multipart.NewReader(bytes.NewReader(stub.CapturedBody), params["boundary"])
-	for {
-		part, err := mr.NextPart()
-		if err != nil {
-			break
-		}
-		if fn := part.FileName(); fn != "" {
-			filenames[part.FormName()] = fn
-		}
-	}
-	return filenames
-}
-
-func TestServiceMethod_FileUpload_PreservesFilename(t *testing.T) {
-	f, _, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, testConfig)
-
-	dir := t.TempDir()
-	cmdutil.TestChdir(t, dir)
-	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "photo.jpg"), []byte("fake-image"), 0600); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("write test file: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	stub := &httpmock.Stub{
-		URL:  "/open-apis/im/v1/images",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "msg": "ok", "data": map[string]interface{}{"image_key": "img_xxx"}},
-	}
-	reg.Register(stub)
-
-	cmd := NewCmdServiceMethod(f, imSpec(), imImageMethod(), "create", "images", nil)
-	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"--file", "photo.jpg", "--data", `{"image_type":"message"}`, "--as", "bot"})
-	if err := cmd.Execute(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	filenames := parseMultipartFilenames(t, stub)
-	if got := filenames["image"]; got != "photo.jpg" {
-		t.Fatalf("part filename for field %q = %q, want %q", "image", got, "photo.jpg")
-	}
-}
-
 func TestServiceMethod_JsonFlag_Accepted(t *testing.T) {
 	f, _, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, testConfig)

--- a/cmd/update/update.go
+++ b/cmd/update/update.go
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ package cmdupdate

 import (
 	"fmt"
-	stdio "io"
 	"runtime"
 	"strings"

@@ -14,7 +13,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/build"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/cmdutil"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/output"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/selfupdate"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/skillscheck"
@@ -127,33 +125,26 @@ func updateRun(opts *UpdateOptions) error {
 	io := opts.Factory.IOStreams
 	cur := currentVersion()
 	updater := newUpdater()
-	updater.Brand = core.BrandFeishu
-	// Brand only steers the skills sync source. --check never syncs skills, so
-	// skip config resolution entirely there (update is auth-optional and a
-	// read-only check must not touch the keychain).
+
 	if !opts.Check {
-		updater.Brand = resolveSkillsBrand(opts.Factory, io.ErrOut)
 		updater.CleanupStaleFiles()
 	}
 	output.PendingNotice = nil

-	// 1. Detect installation method — it also selects the version query channel.
-	detect := updater.DetectInstallMethod()
-
-	// 2. Resolve the latest version.
-	latest, err := resolveLatestVersion(updater, detect)
+	// 1. Fetch latest version
+	latest, err := fetchLatest()
 	if err != nil {
 		return reportError(opts, io, "network",
 			errs.NewNetworkError(errs.SubtypeNetworkTransport, "failed to check latest version: %s", err).WithCause(err))
 	}

-	// 3. Validate version format
+	// 2. Validate version format
 	if update.ParseVersion(latest) == nil {
 		return reportError(opts, io, "update_error",
 			errs.NewInternalError(errs.SubtypeInvalidResponse, "invalid version from registry: %s", latest))
 	}

-	// 4. Compare versions
+	// 3. Compare versions
 	if !opts.Force && !update.IsNewer(latest, cur) {
 		var skillsResult *skillscheck.SyncResult
 		if !opts.Check {
@@ -162,6 +153,9 @@ func updateRun(opts *UpdateOptions) error {
 		return reportAlreadyUpToDate(opts, io, cur, latest, skillsResult, opts.Check)
 	}

+	// 4. Detect installation method
+	detect := updater.DetectInstallMethod()
+
 	// 5. --check
 	if opts.Check {
 		return reportCheckResult(opts, io, cur, latest, detect.CanAutoUpdate())
@@ -174,40 +168,6 @@ func updateRun(opts *UpdateOptions) error {
 	return doAutoUpdate(opts, io, cur, latest, detect, updater)
 }

-// resolveSkillsBrand returns the brand steering the skills sync source. It
-// prefers the fully resolved config, falls back to the raw config file for the
-// active profile when credential resolution fails — the brand is not a secret,
-// so a missing keychain entry must not flip a Lark profile onto the Feishu
-// skills source — and only then to the default brand, with a notice.
-func resolveSkillsBrand(f *cmdutil.Factory, errOut stdio.Writer) core.LarkBrand {
-	if cfg, err := f.Config(); err == nil && cfg != nil {
-		return cfg.Brand
-	}
-	if raw, err := core.LoadMultiAppConfig(); err == nil {
-		if app := raw.CurrentAppConfig(f.Invocation.Profile); app != nil {
-			return core.ParseBrand(string(app.Brand))
-		}
-	}
-	fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "note: could not resolve the configured brand; syncing skills from the default source\n")
-	return core.BrandFeishu
-}
-
-// resolveLatestVersion picks the authoritative version source. When the CLI
-// was installed through a package manager, that manager is the single source
-// of truth — its query and the subsequent install resolve the registry the
-// same way — and a query failure surfaces instead of silently switching
-// sources. The anonymous HTTPS check only serves manual installs (and the
-// background notifier).
-func resolveLatestVersion(updater *selfupdate.Updater, detect selfupdate.DetectResult) (string, error) {
-	switch {
-	case detect.Method == selfupdate.InstallPnpm && detect.PnpmAvailable:
-		return updater.LatestPublishedVersion("pnpm")
-	case detect.NpmAvailable:
-		return updater.LatestPublishedVersion("npm")
-	}
-	return fetchLatest()
-}
-
 // --- Output helpers ---

 // reportError emits the failure on the requested surface: JSON mode prints the
--- a/cmd/update/update_test.go
+++ b/cmd/update/update_test.go
@@ -9,9 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"os"
 	"os/exec"
-	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
@@ -24,22 +22,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/skillscheck"
 )

-// stubLatestVersion makes an Updater's package-manager version query delegate
-// to the mocked fetchLatest, keeping tests hermetic (no real npm/pnpm exec)
-// while preserving each test's version scripting.
-func stubLatestVersion(u *selfupdate.Updater) *selfupdate.Updater {
-	u.LatestVersionOverride = func(string) (string, error) { return fetchLatest() }
-	return u
-}
-
-// newTestFactory creates a test factory with minimal config. It also reroutes
-// the default updater's package-manager version query to the mocked
-// fetchLatest so tests without an explicit detect mock stay hermetic.
+// newTestFactory creates a test factory with minimal config.
 func newTestFactory(t *testing.T) (*cmdutil.Factory, *bytes.Buffer, *bytes.Buffer) {
 	t.Helper()
-	origNew := newUpdater
-	newUpdater = func() *selfupdate.Updater { return stubLatestVersion(origNew()) }
-	t.Cleanup(func() { newUpdater = origNew })
 	f, stdout, stderr, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, &core.CliConfig{})
 	return f, stdout, stderr
 }
@@ -51,7 +36,7 @@ func mockDetect(t *testing.T, result selfupdate.DetectResult) {
 	newUpdater = func() *selfupdate.Updater {
 		u := selfupdate.New()
 		u.DetectOverride = func() selfupdate.DetectResult { return result }
-		return stubLatestVersion(u)
+		return u
 	}
 	t.Cleanup(func() { newUpdater = origNew })
 }
@@ -67,7 +52,7 @@ func mockDetectAndNpm(t *testing.T, result selfupdate.DetectResult, npmFn func(s
 		u.VerifyOverride = func(string) error { return nil }
 		u.SkillsIndexFetchOverride = successfulSkillsIndexFetch()
 		u.SkillsCommandOverride = successfulSkillsCommand()
-		return stubLatestVersion(u)
+		return u
 	}
 	t.Cleanup(func() { newUpdater = origNew })
 }
@@ -88,7 +73,7 @@ func mockDetectAndPnpm(t *testing.T, result selfupdate.DetectResult, pnpmFn func
 		u.VerifyOverride = func(string) error { return nil }
 		u.SkillsIndexFetchOverride = successfulSkillsIndexFetch()
 		u.SkillsCommandOverride = successfulSkillsCommand()
-		return stubLatestVersion(u)
+		return u
 	}
 	t.Cleanup(func() { newUpdater = origNew })
 }
@@ -631,7 +616,7 @@ func TestUpdateNpmFail_JSON(t *testing.T) {
 			r.Err = errors.New("npm install failed")
 			return r
 		}
-		return stubLatestVersion(u)
+		return u
 	}
 	defer func() { newUpdater = origNew }()

@@ -669,7 +654,7 @@ func TestUpdateNpmFail_Human(t *testing.T) {
 			r.Err = errors.New("npm install failed")
 			return r
 		}
-		return stubLatestVersion(u)
+		return u
 	}
 	defer func() { newUpdater = origNew }()

@@ -714,7 +699,7 @@ func TestUpdateNpmVerifyFail_JSON_NoRestoreHintWhenBackupUnavailable(t *testing.
 			t.Fatal("skills sync should not run when binary verification fails")
 			return nil
 		}
-		return stubLatestVersion(u)
+		return u
 	}
 	defer func() { newUpdater = origNew }()

@@ -1062,7 +1047,7 @@ func TestUpdateNpm_SkillsFail_JSON(t *testing.T) {
 			r.Err = fmt.Errorf("exit status 127")
 			return r
 		}
-		return stubLatestVersion(u)
+		return u
 	}
 	defer func() { newUpdater = origNew }()

@@ -1119,7 +1104,7 @@ func TestUpdateNpm_SkillsFail_Human(t *testing.T) {
 			r.Err = fmt.Errorf("exit status 127")
 			return r
 		}
-		return stubLatestVersion(u)
+		return u
 	}
 	defer func() { newUpdater = origNew }()

@@ -1746,128 +1731,3 @@ func containsString(values []string, target string) bool {
 	}
 	return false
 }
-
-func TestResolveSkillsBrand_LayeredFallback(t *testing.T) {
-	// Layer 1: resolved config wins.
-	var errBuf bytes.Buffer
-	f := &cmdutil.Factory{Config: func() (*core.CliConfig, error) {
-		return &core.CliConfig{Brand: core.BrandLark}, nil
-	}}
-	if got := resolveSkillsBrand(f, &errBuf); got != core.BrandLark {
-		t.Errorf("resolved-config brand = %q, want lark", got)
-	}
-
-	// Layer 2: credential resolution fails, raw config file still supplies the
-	// brand (a locked keychain must not flip a Lark profile to Feishu).
-	tmp := t.TempDir()
-	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", tmp)
-	raw := `{"apps":[{"appId":"cli_x","appSecret":"test-secret","brand":"lark","users":[]}]}`
-	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmp, "config.json"), []byte(raw), 0600); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	f = &cmdutil.Factory{Config: func() (*core.CliConfig, error) { return nil, errors.New("keychain locked") }}
-	errBuf.Reset()
-	if got := resolveSkillsBrand(f, &errBuf); got != core.BrandLark {
-		t.Errorf("raw-config brand = %q, want lark", got)
-	}
-	if errBuf.Len() != 0 {
-		t.Errorf("unexpected notice when raw config supplied the brand: %q", errBuf.String())
-	}
-
-	// Layer 3: nothing readable → default brand with a notice.
-	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
-	errBuf.Reset()
-	if got := resolveSkillsBrand(f, &errBuf); got != core.BrandFeishu {
-		t.Errorf("fallback brand = %q, want feishu", got)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(errBuf.String(), "could not resolve the configured brand") {
-		t.Errorf("expected fallback notice, got %q", errBuf.String())
-	}
-}
-
-func TestResolveLatestVersion_PackageManagerIsAuthoritative(t *testing.T) {
-	origFetch := fetchLatest
-	defer func() { fetchLatest = origFetch }()
-	fetchLatest = func() (string, error) {
-		t.Error("anonymous HTTP check must not run when a package manager owns the install")
-		return "", nil
-	}
-
-	u := selfupdate.New()
-	u.LatestVersionOverride = func(pm string) (string, error) {
-		if pm != "npm" {
-			t.Errorf("pm = %q, want npm", pm)
-		}
-		return "9.9.9", nil
-	}
-	got, err := resolveLatestVersion(u, selfupdate.DetectResult{Method: selfupdate.InstallNpm, NpmAvailable: true})
-	if err != nil || got != "9.9.9" {
-		t.Errorf("resolveLatestVersion = (%q, %v), want (9.9.9, nil)", got, err)
-	}
-
-	// A query failure surfaces instead of silently switching to the anonymous
-	// HTTP source — query and install must resolve the registry the same way.
-	u.LatestVersionOverride = func(string) (string, error) { return "", errors.New("registry query failed") }
-	if _, err := resolveLatestVersion(u, selfupdate.DetectResult{Method: selfupdate.InstallNpm, NpmAvailable: true}); err == nil {
-		t.Error("expected the package-manager error to propagate, got nil")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestResolveLatestVersion_PnpmForPnpmInstalls(t *testing.T) {
-	origFetch := fetchLatest
-	defer func() { fetchLatest = origFetch }()
-	fetchLatest = func() (string, error) { return "", errors.New("unused") }
-
-	u := selfupdate.New()
-	u.LatestVersionOverride = func(pm string) (string, error) {
-		if pm != "pnpm" {
-			t.Errorf("pm = %q, want pnpm", pm)
-		}
-		return "9.9.9", nil
-	}
-	got, err := resolveLatestVersion(u, selfupdate.DetectResult{Method: selfupdate.InstallPnpm, PnpmAvailable: true})
-	if err != nil || got != "9.9.9" {
-		t.Errorf("resolveLatestVersion = (%q, %v), want (9.9.9, nil)", got, err)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestResolveLatestVersion_ManualInstallUsesHTTP(t *testing.T) {
-	origFetch := fetchLatest
-	defer func() { fetchLatest = origFetch }()
-	fetchLatest = func() (string, error) { return "8.8.8", nil }
-
-	u := selfupdate.New()
-	u.LatestVersionOverride = func(string) (string, error) {
-		t.Error("package-manager query must not run for manual installs")
-		return "", nil
-	}
-	got, err := resolveLatestVersion(u, selfupdate.DetectResult{Method: selfupdate.InstallManual})
-	if err != nil || got != "8.8.8" {
-		t.Errorf("resolveLatestVersion = (%q, %v), want (8.8.8, nil)", got, err)
-	}
-}
-
-// TestResolveSkillsBrand_RespectsActiveProfile: with --profile targeting a
-// lark profile and credential resolution failing, the raw-config fallback must
-// read that profile — not the default one.
-func TestResolveSkillsBrand_RespectsActiveProfile(t *testing.T) {
-	tmp := t.TempDir()
-	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", tmp)
-	raw := `{"currentApp":"feishu-app","apps":[` +
-		`{"name":"feishu-app","appId":"cli_f","appSecret":"test-secret","brand":"feishu","users":[]},` +
-		`{"name":"lark-prof","appId":"cli_l","appSecret":"test-secret","brand":"lark","users":[]}]}`
-	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmp, "config.json"), []byte(raw), 0600); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	f := &cmdutil.Factory{
-		Invocation: cmdutil.InvocationContext{Profile: "lark-prof"},
-		Config:     func() (*core.CliConfig, error) { return nil, errors.New("keychain locked") },
-	}
-	var errBuf bytes.Buffer
-	if got := resolveSkillsBrand(f, &errBuf); got != core.BrandLark {
-		t.Errorf("brand = %q, want lark (the active profile's brand)", got)
-	}
-	if errBuf.Len() != 0 {
-		t.Errorf("unexpected notice: %q", errBuf.String())
-	}
-}
--- a/extension/credential/env/env.go
+++ b/extension/credential/env/env.go
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"os"

 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/extension/credential"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/envvars"
 )

@@ -42,7 +41,10 @@ func (p *Provider) ResolveAccount(ctx context.Context) (*credential.Account, err
 			Reason:   envvars.CliAppID + " is set but no app secret or access token is available",
 		}
 	}
-	brand := credential.Brand(core.ParseBrand(os.Getenv(envvars.CliBrand)))
+	brand := credential.Brand(os.Getenv(envvars.CliBrand))
+	if brand == "" {
+		brand = credential.BrandFeishu
+	}
 	acct := &credential.Account{AppID: appID, AppSecret: appSecret, Brand: brand}

 	switch id := credential.Identity(os.Getenv(envvars.CliDefaultAs)); id {
--- a/extension/credential/sidecar/provider.go
+++ b/extension/credential/sidecar/provider.go
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ import (
 	"os"

 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/extension/credential"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/envvars"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/sidecar"
 )
@@ -59,7 +58,10 @@ func (p *Provider) ResolveAccount(ctx context.Context) (*credential.Account, err
 		}
 	}

-	brand := credential.Brand(core.ParseBrand(os.Getenv(envvars.CliBrand)))
+	brand := credential.Brand(os.Getenv(envvars.CliBrand))
+	if brand == "" {
+		brand = credential.BrandFeishu
+	}

 	acct := &credential.Account{
 		AppID:     appID,
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/gofrs/flock v0.8.1
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
 	github.com/itchyny/gojq v0.12.17
-	github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3 v3.7.2
+	github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3 v3.5.4
 	github.com/sergi/go-diff v1.4.0
 	github.com/skip2/go-qrcode v0.0.0-20200617195104-da1b6568686e
 	github.com/smartystreets/goconvey v1.8.1
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -79,8 +79,8 @@ github.com/kr/pretty v0.1.0/go.mod h1:dAy3ld7l9f0ibDNOQOHHMYYIIbhfbHSm3C4ZsoJORN
 github.com/kr/pty v1.1.1/go.mod h1:pFQYn66WHrOpPYNljwOMqo10TkYh1fy3cYio2l3bCsQ=
 github.com/kr/text v0.1.0 h1:45sCR5RtlFHMR4UwH9sdQ5TC8v0qDQCHnXt+kaKSTVE=
 github.com/kr/text v0.1.0/go.mod h1:4Jbv+DJW3UT/LiOwJeYQe1efqtUx/iVham/4vfdArNI=
-github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3 v3.7.2 h1:SCIcXHRmtpQbiaZgDTDi1NYNCzrusi7ePJBR9uKoduE=
-github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3 v3.7.2/go.mod h1:ZEplY+kwuIrj/nqw5uSCINNATcH3KdxSN7y+UxYY5fI=
+github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3 v3.5.4 h1:U2S9x9LrfH++ZqJ+YAiUlqzCWJmVXhFdS8Z7rIBH8H0=
+github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3 v3.5.4/go.mod h1:ZEplY+kwuIrj/nqw5uSCINNATcH3KdxSN7y+UxYY5fI=
 github.com/lucasb-eyer/go-colorful v1.2.0 h1:1nnpGOrhyZZuNyfu1QjKiUICQ74+3FNCN69Aj6K7nkY=
 github.com/lucasb-eyer/go-colorful v1.2.0/go.mod h1:R4dSotOR9KMtayYi1e77YzuveK+i7ruzyGqttikkLy0=
 github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 h1:xfD0iDuEKnDkl03q4limB+vH+GxLEtL/jb4xVJSWWEY=
--- a/internal/affordance/affordance.go
+++ b/internal/affordance/affordance.go
@@ -83,9 +83,10 @@ func commandFormResolver(service string) func(string) string {
 		}
 	}
 	return func(h string) string {
-		if id, ok := byForm[strings.TrimSpace(h)]; ok {
+		h = strings.TrimSpace(h)
+		if id, ok := byForm[h]; ok {
 			return id
 		}
-		return headingToKey(h) // one home for the shortcut/method key convention
+		return strings.ReplaceAll(h, " ", ".")
 	}
 }
--- a/internal/affordance/affordance_test.go
+++ b/internal/affordance/affordance_test.go
@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"testing"
 	"testing/fstest"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/meta"
 )

 // fixtureMD is a minimal affordance source: two methods, each with a lead
@@ -86,38 +84,3 @@ func TestParseDomainMD_ParagraphNotDropped(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("custom-section paragraph not flowed through: %+v", a.Extensions)
 	}
 }
-
-// The ### Skills section merges with the domain `> skill:` default: domain
-// first, then per-command entries, de-duplicated. A command with no ### Skills
-// still inherits the domain default.
-func TestParseDomainMD_SkillsMerge(t *testing.T) {
-	md := "# d\n> skill: lark-d\n\n" +
-		"## foo\ndoes foo.\n\n### Skills\n- lark-workflow\n- lark-d\n\n" + // lark-d duplicates the domain default
-		"## bar\ndoes bar.\n"
-	got := parseDomainMD([]byte(md), nil)
-
-	if a := got["foo"]; len(a.Skills) != 2 || a.Skills[0] != "lark-d" || a.Skills[1] != "lark-workflow" {
-		t.Errorf("foo skills = %v, want [lark-d lark-workflow] (domain first, deduped)", a.Skills)
-	}
-	if a := got["bar"]; len(a.Skills) != 1 || a.Skills[0] != "lark-d" {
-		t.Errorf("bar skills = %v, want [lark-d] (domain default inherited)", a.Skills)
-	}
-}
-
-// A +-prefixed shortcut heading keys verbatim (no space->dot folding), so it
-// matches the shortcut command as mounted.
-func TestParseDomainMD_ShortcutHeadingVerbatim(t *testing.T) {
-	md := "# d\n\n## +create\ncreate via shortcut.\n"
-	got := parseDomainMD([]byte(md), nil)
-	if _, ok := got["+create"]; !ok {
-		t.Errorf("shortcut heading should key as %q; got keys %v", "+create", keysOf(got))
-	}
-}
-
-func keysOf(m map[string]meta.Affordance) []string {
-	out := make([]string, 0, len(m))
-	for k := range m {
-		out = append(out, k)
-	}
-	return out
-}
--- a/internal/affordance/mdparse.go
+++ b/internal/affordance/mdparse.go
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import (
 //	### Prerequisites   -> prerequisites   (a "…来自 [[x]]" link is a sequence edge)
 //	### Tips            -> tips
 //	### Examples        -> examples: **description** + a ```fenced``` command
-//	### Skills          -> skills: bullet skill names, added to the domain default
 //	### <other>         -> extensions[] (custom section, flows through verbatim)
 //	[[cmd]]             -> a command reference, rendered as `cmd`
 //
@@ -35,56 +34,16 @@ var standardSection = map[string]string{
 	"Prerequisites": "prerequisites",
 	"Tips":          "tips",
 	"Examples":      "examples",
-	"Skills":        "skills",
-}
-
-// mergeSkills returns the domain-default skill followed by a command's own skill
-// entries, de-duplicated in author order and empties dropped. Backticks (left by
-// the shared bullet parse) are stripped so each entry is a bare skill name.
-func mergeSkills(domain string, extra []string) []string {
-	var out []string
-	seen := map[string]bool{}
-	add := func(s string) {
-		s = strings.Trim(strings.TrimSpace(s), "`")
-		if s == "" || seen[s] {
-			return
-		}
-		seen[s] = true
-		out = append(out, s)
-	}
-	add(domain)
-	for _, s := range extra {
-		add(s)
-	}
-	return out
 }

 func linkToBacktick(s string) string { return mdLink.ReplaceAllString(s, "`$1`") }

-// SkillStatPath maps a `### Skills` entry to the path (relative to the skill
-// tree) whose existence gates it: a bare skill name resolves to its SKILL.md,
-// while an entry containing a slash is a name/relative-path reference (e.g.
-// "lark-contact/references/lark-contact-search-user.md") and resolves to that
-// path directly. Both render as `lark-cli skills read <entry>` — the slash form
-// skills read already accepts — so a per-command entry can point at that
-// command's own reference file, not just re-point the domain skill.
-func SkillStatPath(entry string) string {
-	if strings.Contains(entry, "/") {
-		return entry
-	}
-	return entry + "/SKILL.md"
-}
-
 // headingToKey maps a command heading ("instances get") to its affordance key
 // ("instances.get"). The space→dot rule holds where the command form matches
 // the method id; domains whose resource names differ (e.g. plural "messages"
 // vs id segment "message") need the registry's authoritative resource↔id table.
 func headingToKey(h string) string {
-	h = strings.TrimSpace(h)
-	if strings.HasPrefix(h, "+") { // shortcut command: key is the command verbatim
-		return h
-	}
-	return strings.ReplaceAll(h, " ", ".")
+	return strings.ReplaceAll(strings.TrimSpace(h), " ", ".")
 }

 type mdSection struct {
@@ -123,7 +82,6 @@ func parseDomainMD(src []byte, resolve func(string) string) map[string]meta.Affo
 		if len(useWhen) > 0 {
 			a.UseWhen = useWhen
 		}
-		var perCmdSkills []string
 		for _, s := range secs {
 			switch standardSection[s.label] {
 			case "avoid_when":
@@ -134,14 +92,12 @@ func parseDomainMD(src []byte, resolve func(string) string) map[string]meta.Affo
 				a.Tips = s.items
 			case "examples":
 				a.Examples = s.cases
-			case "skills":
-				perCmdSkills = s.items
 			default:
 				a.Extensions = append(a.Extensions, meta.AffordanceSection{Label: s.label, Items: s.items})
 			}
 		}
-		if s := mergeSkills(skill, perCmdSkills); len(s) > 0 {
-			a.Skills = s
+		if skill != "" {
+			a.Skills = []string{skill}
 		}
 		out[curKey] = a
 	}
@@ -201,7 +157,7 @@ func parseDomainMD(src []byte, resolve func(string) string) map[string]meta.Affo
 				inFence, fence = true, nil
 			} else {
 				inFence = false
-				sec.cases = append(sec.cases, meta.AffordanceCase{Description: linkToBacktick(pending), Command: strings.Join(fence, "\n")})
+				sec.cases = append(sec.cases, meta.AffordanceCase{Description: pending, Command: strings.Join(fence, "\n")})
 				pending = ""
 			}
 			continue
--- a/internal/auth/app_registration.go
+++ b/internal/auth/app_registration.go
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ package auth
 import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
@@ -17,16 +16,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
 )

-// pollContextError translates a done polling context into the user-facing
-// terminal reason: deadline exhaustion reads as a registration timeout,
-// anything else as a cancellation.
-func pollContextError(ctx context.Context) error {
-	if errors.Is(ctx.Err(), context.DeadlineExceeded) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("app registration timed out, please try again")
-	}
-	return fmt.Errorf("polling was cancelled")
-}
-
 // AppRegistrationResponse is the response from the app registration begin endpoint.
 type AppRegistrationResponse struct {
 	DeviceCode              string
@@ -50,13 +39,6 @@ type AppRegUserInfo struct {
 	TenantBrand string // "feishu" or "lark"
 }

-// appRegistrationEndpoint returns the accounts-domain registration endpoint for
-// the given brand. Both the begin and poll actions target the same brand so the
-// device_code issuer and poller domains always match.
-func appRegistrationEndpoint(brand core.LarkBrand) string {
-	return core.ResolveEndpoints(brand).Accounts + PathAppRegistration
-}
-
 // RequestAppRegistration initiates the app registration device flow.
 func RequestAppRegistration(httpClient *http.Client, brand core.LarkBrand, errOut io.Writer) (*AppRegistrationResponse, error) {
 	if errOut == nil {
@@ -64,7 +46,8 @@ func RequestAppRegistration(httpClient *http.Client, brand core.LarkBrand, errOu
 	}

 	ep := core.ResolveEndpoints(brand)
-	endpoint := appRegistrationEndpoint(brand)
+	regEp := core.ResolveEndpoints(core.BrandFeishu) // registration begin always uses feishu
+	endpoint := regEp.Accounts + PathAppRegistration

 	form := url.Values{}
 	form.Set("action", "begin")
@@ -135,11 +118,9 @@ func BuildVerificationURL(baseURL, cliVersion string) string {
 		"&from=cli"
 }

-// PollAppRegistration polls the app registration endpoint until it returns
-// complete credentials, a cross-brand switch signal (user_info whose reported
-// brand differs from the polled brand — the caller should re-poll on that
-// brand's accounts domain), a terminal error, or the flow times out. Other
-// non-error responses are not terminal and polling continues.
+// PollAppRegistration polls the app registration endpoint until the app is created or the flow times out.
+// If the result has ClientSecret == "" and UserInfo.TenantBrand == "lark", the caller should
+// retry with BrandLark to get the secret from accounts.larksuite.com.
 func PollAppRegistration(ctx context.Context, httpClient *http.Client, brand core.LarkBrand, deviceCode string, interval, expiresIn int, errOut io.Writer) (*AppRegistrationResult, error) {
 	if errOut == nil {
 		errOut = io.Discard
@@ -148,7 +129,8 @@ func PollAppRegistration(ctx context.Context, httpClient *http.Client, brand cor
 	const maxPollInterval = 60
 	const maxPollAttempts = 200

-	endpoint := appRegistrationEndpoint(brand)
+	ep := core.ResolveEndpoints(brand)
+	endpoint := ep.Accounts + PathAppRegistration
 	deadline := time.Now().Add(time.Duration(expiresIn) * time.Second)
 	currentInterval := interval
 	attempts := 0
@@ -156,20 +138,20 @@ func PollAppRegistration(ctx context.Context, httpClient *http.Client, brand cor
 	for time.Now().Before(deadline) && attempts < maxPollAttempts {
 		attempts++
 		if ctx.Err() != nil {
-			return nil, pollContextError(ctx)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("polling was cancelled")
 		}

 		select {
 		case <-time.After(time.Duration(currentInterval) * time.Second):
 		case <-ctx.Done():
-			return nil, pollContextError(ctx)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("polling was cancelled")
 		}

 		form := url.Values{}
 		form.Set("action", "poll")
 		form.Set("device_code", deviceCode)

-		req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", endpoint, strings.NewReader(form.Encode()))
+		req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", endpoint, strings.NewReader(form.Encode()))
 		if err != nil {
 			continue
 		}
@@ -200,13 +182,8 @@ func PollAppRegistration(ctx context.Context, httpClient *http.Client, brand cor

 		errStr := getStr(data, "error")

-		// Non-error responses terminate the poll in exactly two cases, matching
-		// the official SDK registration flow: a cross-brand switch signal (the
-		// tenant lives on a different brand — the caller re-polls there), or
-		// complete credentials. Anything else without an error — including an
-		// empty payload or a same-brand user_info without credentials — is not
-		// terminal; keep polling until the deadline.
-		if errStr == "" {
+		// Success: client_id present
+		if errStr == "" && getStr(data, "client_id") != "" {
 			result := &AppRegistrationResult{
 				ClientID:     getStr(data, "client_id"),
 				ClientSecret: getStr(data, "client_secret"),
@@ -217,14 +194,7 @@ func PollAppRegistration(ctx context.Context, httpClient *http.Client, brand cor
 					TenantBrand: getStr(userInfoRaw, "tenant_brand"),
 				}
 			}
-			if result.UserInfo != nil && result.UserInfo.TenantBrand != "" &&
-				core.ParseBrand(result.UserInfo.TenantBrand) != brand {
-				return result, nil
-			}
-			if result.ClientID != "" && result.ClientSecret != "" {
-				return result, nil
-			}
-			continue
+			return result, nil
 		}

 		switch errStr {
@@ -255,52 +225,3 @@ func PollAppRegistration(ctx context.Context, httpClient *http.Client, brand cor
 	}
 	return nil, fmt.Errorf("app registration timed out, please try again")
 }
-
-// retryBrand decides whether app-registration polling must be re-run on a
-// different brand. When the tenant's reported brand differs from the brand we
-// polled, it returns the tenant's actual brand and true.
-func retryBrand(polled core.LarkBrand, tenantBrand string) (core.LarkBrand, bool) {
-	if tenantBrand == "" {
-		return polled, false
-	}
-	actual := core.ParseBrand(tenantBrand)
-	if actual == polled {
-		return polled, false
-	}
-	return actual, true
-}
-
-// RegisterAppWithDiscovery polls for registration credentials on the
-// configured brand, re-polling once on the tenant's actual brand when the
-// first poll reports a cross-brand tenant. The whole discovery — both polls,
-// their interval waits, and in-flight requests — is bounded by one deadline
-// derived from the begin response's expiry budget. It returns the result
-// together with the brand the credentials were actually issued on: the
-// tenant's reported brand when present, otherwise the brand that served the
-// final poll — so the saved brand never diverges from the credentials' origin.
-func RegisterAppWithDiscovery(ctx context.Context, httpClient *http.Client, brand core.LarkBrand, resp *AppRegistrationResponse, errOut io.Writer) (*AppRegistrationResult, core.LarkBrand, error) {
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithDeadline(ctx, time.Now().Add(time.Duration(resp.ExpiresIn)*time.Second))
-	defer cancel()
-
-	result, err := PollAppRegistration(ctx, httpClient, brand, resp.DeviceCode, resp.Interval, resp.ExpiresIn, errOut)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, brand, err
-	}
-
-	effectiveBrand := brand
-	if result.ClientSecret == "" && result.UserInfo != nil {
-		if rb, ok := retryBrand(brand, result.UserInfo.TenantBrand); ok {
-			effectiveBrand = rb
-			result, err = PollAppRegistration(ctx, httpClient, rb, resp.DeviceCode, resp.Interval, resp.ExpiresIn, errOut)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, effectiveBrand, err
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	finalBrand := effectiveBrand
-	if result.UserInfo != nil && result.UserInfo.TenantBrand != "" {
-		finalBrand = core.ParseBrand(result.UserInfo.TenantBrand)
-	}
-	return result, finalBrand, nil
-}
--- a/internal/auth/app_registration_test.go
+++ b/internal/auth/app_registration_test.go
@@ -4,27 +4,11 @@
 package auth

 import (
-	"context"
-	"io"
-	"net/http"
-	"strings"
 	"testing"
-	"time"

-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
 	"github.com/smartystreets/goconvey/convey"
 )

-// jsonResponse builds a canned registration response for poll tests, which
-// reuse the package-level roundTripFunc from device_flow_test.go.
-func jsonResponse(body string) *http.Response {
-	return &http.Response{
-		StatusCode: http.StatusOK,
-		Body:       io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader(body)),
-		Header:     make(http.Header),
-	}
-}
-
 // Test_BuildVerificationURL verifies that tracking parameters are correctly appended.
 func Test_BuildVerificationURL(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("URL不含问号则添加?分隔符", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -47,215 +31,3 @@ func Test_BuildVerificationURL(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	})
 }
-
-func TestAppRegistrationEndpoint(t *testing.T) {
-	cases := []struct {
-		brand core.LarkBrand
-		want  string
-	}{
-		{core.BrandFeishu, "https://accounts.feishu.cn" + PathAppRegistration},
-		{core.BrandLark, "https://accounts.larksuite.com" + PathAppRegistration},
-	}
-	for _, c := range cases {
-		if got := appRegistrationEndpoint(c.brand); got != c.want {
-			t.Errorf("brand %q: endpoint = %q, want %q", c.brand, got, c.want)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// TestPollAppRegistration_SwitchOnlyUserInfo covers the credential-less
-// domain-switch response: the server reports only the tenant's actual brand.
-// The poll must surface it as a result (not an error) so the caller can
-// re-poll on the reported brand.
-func TestPollAppRegistration_SwitchOnlyUserInfo(t *testing.T) {
-	client := &http.Client{Transport: roundTripFunc(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
-		if got, want := r.URL.Host, "accounts.feishu.cn"; got != want {
-			t.Errorf("poll host = %q, want %q", got, want)
-		}
-		return jsonResponse(`{"user_info":{"open_id":"ou_x","tenant_brand":"lark"}}`), nil
-	})}
-	result, err := PollAppRegistration(context.Background(), client, core.BrandFeishu, "device", 0, 5, io.Discard)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("PollAppRegistration(switch-only) error = %v, want nil", err)
-	}
-	if result.ClientID != "" || result.ClientSecret != "" {
-		t.Errorf("credentials = (%q, %q), want empty", result.ClientID, result.ClientSecret)
-	}
-	if result.UserInfo == nil || result.UserInfo.TenantBrand != "lark" {
-		t.Errorf("UserInfo = %+v, want tenant_brand lark", result.UserInfo)
-	}
-}
-
-// TestPollAppRegistration_CredentialsResponse locks the existing success shape.
-func TestPollAppRegistration_CredentialsResponse(t *testing.T) {
-	client := &http.Client{Transport: roundTripFunc(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
-		if got, want := r.URL.Host, "accounts.larksuite.com"; got != want {
-			t.Errorf("poll host = %q, want %q", got, want)
-		}
-		return jsonResponse(`{"client_id":"cli_x","client_secret":"test-secret","user_info":{"open_id":"ou_x","tenant_brand":"lark"}}`), nil
-	})}
-	result, err := PollAppRegistration(context.Background(), client, core.BrandLark, "device", 0, 5, io.Discard)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("PollAppRegistration(credentials) error = %v, want nil", err)
-	}
-	if result.ClientID != "cli_x" || result.ClientSecret != "test-secret" {
-		t.Errorf("credentials = (%q, %q), want (cli_x, test-secret)", result.ClientID, result.ClientSecret)
-	}
-	if result.UserInfo == nil || result.UserInfo.TenantBrand != "lark" {
-		t.Errorf("UserInfo = %+v, want tenant_brand lark", result.UserInfo)
-	}
-}
-
-// TestPollAppRegistration_KeepsPollingOnEmptyPayload mirrors the official SDK
-// behavior: an empty non-error response is not terminal; the next poll may
-// return the credentials.
-func TestPollAppRegistration_KeepsPollingOnEmptyPayload(t *testing.T) {
-	polls := 0
-	client := &http.Client{Transport: roundTripFunc(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
-		polls++
-		if polls == 1 {
-			return jsonResponse(`{}`), nil
-		}
-		return jsonResponse(`{"client_id":"cli_x","client_secret":"test-secret"}`), nil
-	})}
-	result, err := PollAppRegistration(context.Background(), client, core.BrandFeishu, "device", 0, 5, io.Discard)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("PollAppRegistration(empty then credentials) error = %v, want nil", err)
-	}
-	if polls != 2 {
-		t.Errorf("polls = %d, want 2", polls)
-	}
-	if result.ClientID != "cli_x" || result.ClientSecret != "test-secret" {
-		t.Errorf("credentials = (%q, %q), want (cli_x, test-secret)", result.ClientID, result.ClientSecret)
-	}
-}
-
-// TestPollAppRegistration_KeepsPollingOnIncompleteSameBrand covers a non-error
-// response carrying a same-brand user_info and incomplete credentials: not a
-// switch signal and not success, so polling continues until credentials arrive.
-func TestPollAppRegistration_KeepsPollingOnIncompleteSameBrand(t *testing.T) {
-	polls := 0
-	client := &http.Client{Transport: roundTripFunc(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
-		polls++
-		if polls == 1 {
-			return jsonResponse(`{"client_id":"cli_x","user_info":{"open_id":"ou_x","tenant_brand":"feishu"}}`), nil
-		}
-		return jsonResponse(`{"client_id":"cli_x","client_secret":"test-secret","user_info":{"open_id":"ou_x","tenant_brand":"feishu"}}`), nil
-	})}
-	result, err := PollAppRegistration(context.Background(), client, core.BrandFeishu, "device", 0, 5, io.Discard)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("PollAppRegistration(incomplete then complete) error = %v, want nil", err)
-	}
-	if polls != 2 {
-		t.Errorf("polls = %d, want 2", polls)
-	}
-	if result.ClientSecret != "test-secret" {
-		t.Errorf("ClientSecret = %q, want test-secret", result.ClientSecret)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestRetryBrand(t *testing.T) {
-	cases := []struct {
-		polled    core.LarkBrand
-		tenant    string
-		wantBrand core.LarkBrand
-		wantRetry bool
-	}{
-		{core.BrandFeishu, "lark", core.BrandLark, true},
-		{core.BrandFeishu, "feishu", core.BrandFeishu, false},
-		{core.BrandFeishu, "", core.BrandFeishu, false},
-		{core.BrandLark, "feishu", core.BrandFeishu, true},
-		{core.BrandLark, "lark", core.BrandLark, false},
-	}
-	for _, c := range cases {
-		gotB, gotR := retryBrand(c.polled, c.tenant)
-		if gotR != c.wantRetry || gotB != c.wantBrand {
-			t.Errorf("retryBrand(%q,%q) = (%q,%v), want (%q,%v)", c.polled, c.tenant, gotB, gotR, c.wantBrand, c.wantRetry)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// TestRegisterAppWithDiscovery_CrossBrandSavesActualBrand reproduces the full
-// cross-brand discovery flow: the configured-brand poll reports a lark tenant,
-// the retry poll on the lark domain returns credentials WITHOUT repeating
-// user_info, and the returned brand must still be lark — never the configured
-// brand the credentials were not issued on.
-func TestRegisterAppWithDiscovery_CrossBrandSavesActualBrand(t *testing.T) {
-	var polledHosts []string
-	client := &http.Client{Transport: roundTripFunc(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
-		polledHosts = append(polledHosts, r.URL.Host)
-		switch r.URL.Host {
-		case "accounts.feishu.cn":
-			return jsonResponse(`{"user_info":{"open_id":"ou_x","tenant_brand":"lark"}}`), nil
-		case "accounts.larksuite.com":
-			return jsonResponse(`{"client_id":"cli_x","client_secret":"test-secret"}`), nil
-		}
-		t.Errorf("unexpected host polled: %s", r.URL.Host)
-		return jsonResponse(`{}`), nil
-	})}
-	resp := &AppRegistrationResponse{DeviceCode: "device", Interval: 0, ExpiresIn: 5}
-
-	result, finalBrand, err := RegisterAppWithDiscovery(context.Background(), client, core.BrandFeishu, resp, io.Discard)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("RegisterAppWithDiscovery error = %v, want nil", err)
-	}
-	if finalBrand != core.BrandLark {
-		t.Errorf("finalBrand = %q, want %q (credentials were issued on the lark domain)", finalBrand, core.BrandLark)
-	}
-	if result.ClientID != "cli_x" || result.ClientSecret != "test-secret" {
-		t.Errorf("credentials = (%q, %q), want (cli_x, test-secret)", result.ClientID, result.ClientSecret)
-	}
-	want := []string{"accounts.feishu.cn", "accounts.larksuite.com"}
-	if len(polledHosts) != 2 || polledHosts[0] != want[0] || polledHosts[1] != want[1] {
-		t.Errorf("polled hosts = %v, want %v", polledHosts, want)
-	}
-}
-
-// TestRegisterAppWithDiscovery_SameBrandSinglePoll locks the plain path:
-// complete credentials on the configured brand, one poll, brand unchanged.
-func TestRegisterAppWithDiscovery_SameBrandSinglePoll(t *testing.T) {
-	polls := 0
-	client := &http.Client{Transport: roundTripFunc(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
-		polls++
-		if got, want := r.URL.Host, "accounts.feishu.cn"; got != want {
-			t.Errorf("poll host = %q, want %q", got, want)
-		}
-		return jsonResponse(`{"client_id":"cli_x","client_secret":"test-secret","user_info":{"open_id":"ou_x","tenant_brand":"feishu"}}`), nil
-	})}
-	resp := &AppRegistrationResponse{DeviceCode: "device", Interval: 0, ExpiresIn: 5}
-
-	_, finalBrand, err := RegisterAppWithDiscovery(context.Background(), client, core.BrandFeishu, resp, io.Discard)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("RegisterAppWithDiscovery error = %v, want nil", err)
-	}
-	if finalBrand != core.BrandFeishu {
-		t.Errorf("finalBrand = %q, want %q", finalBrand, core.BrandFeishu)
-	}
-	if polls != 1 {
-		t.Errorf("polls = %d, want 1", polls)
-	}
-}
-
-// TestRegisterAppWithDiscovery_DeadlineBoundsInFlightRequests proves the
-// discovery deadline also cancels in-flight HTTP requests: the fake transport
-// hangs until the request context is done, so an unbounded request would hang
-// this test forever.
-func TestRegisterAppWithDiscovery_DeadlineBoundsInFlightRequests(t *testing.T) {
-	client := &http.Client{Transport: roundTripFunc(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
-		<-r.Context().Done()
-		return nil, r.Context().Err()
-	})}
-	resp := &AppRegistrationResponse{DeviceCode: "device", Interval: 0, ExpiresIn: 1}
-
-	start := time.Now()
-	_, _, err := RegisterAppWithDiscovery(context.Background(), client, core.BrandFeishu, resp, io.Discard)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected timeout error, got nil")
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "timed out") {
-		t.Errorf("error = %v, want a timed-out terminal reason", err)
-	}
-	if elapsed := time.Since(start); elapsed > 3*time.Second {
-		t.Errorf("discovery not bounded by its deadline: took %v", elapsed)
-	}
-}
--- a/internal/cmdmeta/meta.go
+++ b/internal/cmdmeta/meta.go
@@ -2,11 +2,9 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

 // Package cmdmeta is the single source of truth for command metadata that the
-// policy engine, the hook selector, and help rendering consume. It wraps the
-// existing cmdutil annotations (risk_level, supportedIdentities) and adds the
-// "domain" axis that the hook selector and Rule path globs need, plus the
-// affordance ref (service, method id) that lets service-method and shortcut
-// help share one usage-guidance lookup path.
+// policy engine and the hook selector both consume. It wraps the existing
+// cmdutil annotations (risk_level, supportedIdentities) and adds the
+// "domain" axis that the hook selector and Rule path globs need.
 //
 // Three axes:
 //
@@ -53,12 +51,6 @@ const (

 	sourceAnnotationKey    = "cmdmeta.source"
 	generatedAnnotationKey = "cmdmeta.generated"
-
-	// affordance{Service,Method}Key locate the command's usage-guidance overlay
-	// entry (see internal/affordance). Both service-method commands and
-	// +-prefixed shortcuts set these so help rendering shares one lookup path.
-	affordanceServiceKey = "cmdmeta.affordance.service"
-	affordanceMethodKey  = "cmdmeta.affordance.method"
 )

 // Meta groups the three command-level metadata axes consumed by the policy
@@ -133,35 +125,6 @@ func SetSource(cmd *cobra.Command, source Source, generated bool) {
 	}
 }

-// SetAffordanceRef records which affordance overlay entry (service, method id)
-// a command maps to, so help rendering can look up its usage guidance. Stored
-// on the command itself (no inheritance): each method / shortcut owns its ref.
-// A no-op if either coordinate is empty.
-func SetAffordanceRef(cmd *cobra.Command, service, method string) {
-	if service == "" || method == "" {
-		return
-	}
-	if cmd.Annotations == nil {
-		cmd.Annotations = map[string]string{}
-	}
-	cmd.Annotations[affordanceServiceKey] = service
-	cmd.Annotations[affordanceMethodKey] = method
-}
-
-// AffordanceRef returns the command's own affordance overlay coordinates.
-// ok is false when the command carries no ref.
-func AffordanceRef(cmd *cobra.Command) (service, method string, ok bool) {
-	if cmd.Annotations == nil {
-		return "", "", false
-	}
-	service = cmd.Annotations[affordanceServiceKey]
-	method = cmd.Annotations[affordanceMethodKey]
-	if service == "" || method == "" {
-		return "", "", false
-	}
-	return service, method, true
-}
-
 // Domain returns the nearest-ancestor domain for the command. Empty string
 // when no ancestor has the annotation -- this is the "unknown" state the
 // policy engine must treat as ALLOW.
--- a/internal/cmdutil/fileupload.go
+++ b/internal/cmdutil/fileupload.go
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"path/filepath"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"

@@ -129,7 +128,7 @@ func BuildFormdata(fileIO fileio.FileIO, fieldName, filePath string, isStdin boo
 				WithParam("--file").
 				WithCause(err)
 		}
-		fd.AddFileWithName(fieldName, filepath.Base(filePath), bytes.NewReader(data))
+		fd.AddFile(fieldName, bytes.NewReader(data))
 	}

 	// Add top-level JSON keys as text form fields.
--- a/internal/core/types.go
+++ b/internal/core/types.go
@@ -3,11 +3,9 @@

 package core

-import "strings"
-
 // LarkBrand represents the Lark platform brand.
 // "feishu" targets China-mainland, "lark" targets international.
-// Any unrecognized value is normalized to BrandFeishu (the default brand).
+// Any other string is treated as a custom base URL.
 type LarkBrand string

 const (
@@ -16,10 +14,9 @@ const (
 )

 // ParseBrand normalizes a brand string to a LarkBrand constant.
-// Matching is case-insensitive and whitespace-tolerant; any value other than
-// "lark" (after trim + lowercase) normalizes to BrandFeishu.
+// Unrecognized values default to BrandFeishu.
 func ParseBrand(value string) LarkBrand {
-	if strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(value)) == "lark" {
+	if value == "lark" {
 		return BrandLark
 	}
 	return BrandFeishu
--- a/internal/core/types_test.go
+++ b/internal/core/types_test.go
@@ -57,23 +57,3 @@ func TestResolveOpenBaseURL(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("ResolveOpenBaseURL(lark) = %q", got)
 	}
 }
-
-func TestParseBrand(t *testing.T) {
-	cases := []struct {
-		in   string
-		want LarkBrand
-	}{
-		{"", BrandFeishu},
-		{"feishu", BrandFeishu},
-		{"lark", BrandLark},
-		{"LARK", BrandLark},
-		{" lark ", BrandLark},
-		{"Lark", BrandLark},
-		{"xyz", BrandFeishu},
-	}
-	for _, c := range cases {
-		if got := ParseBrand(c.in); got != c.want {
-			t.Errorf("ParseBrand(%q) = %q, want %q", c.in, got, c.want)
-		}
-	}
-}
--- a/internal/errclass/classify_test.go
+++ b/internal/errclass/classify_test.go
@@ -113,7 +113,6 @@ func TestBuildAPIError_ExitCodeMatrix(t *testing.T) {
 		{"230027 user_not_authorized", 230027, errs.CategoryAuthorization, errs.SubtypeUserUnauthorized, 3, "PermissionError"},
 		{"1470403 task_permission_denied", 1470403, errs.CategoryAuthorization, errs.SubtypePermissionDenied, 3, "PermissionError"},
 		{"1470400 task_invalid_params", 1470400, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters, 1, "APIError"},
-		{"1062507 drive_parent_sibling_limit", 1062507, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeQuotaExceeded, 1, "APIError"},
 		{"99991400 rate_limit", 99991400, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeRateLimit, 1, "APIError"},
 		{"99991661 token_missing", 99991661, errs.CategoryAuthentication, errs.SubtypeTokenMissing, 3, "AuthenticationError"},
 		{"21000 challenge_required", 21000, errs.CategoryPolicy, errs.Subtype("challenge_required"), 6, "SecurityPolicyError"},
--- a/internal/errclass/codemeta_drive.go
+++ b/internal/errclass/codemeta_drive.go
@@ -10,23 +10,20 @@ import "github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
 // ambiguous codes fall back to CategoryAPI via BuildAPIError.
 // BuildAPIError consumes this map via mergeCodeMeta + LookupCodeMeta.
 var driveCodeMeta = map[int]CodeMeta{
-	1061001:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeServerError, Retryable: true}, // Drive "unknown error"
-	1061002:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // params error
-	1061004:   {Category: errs.CategoryAuthorization, Subtype: errs.SubtypePermissionDenied},   // forbidden
-	1061007:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeNotFound},                     // file has been deleted
-	1061043:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeQuotaExceeded},                // file size beyond limit
-	1061044:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeNotFound},                     // parent folder does not exist (upload)
-	1061101:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeQuotaExceeded},                // file quota exceeded
-	1062507:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeQuotaExceeded},                // parent folder child count limit exceeded
-	1062009:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // actual size inconsistent with declared size
-	1063001:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // secure label invalid parameter
-	1063002:   {Category: errs.CategoryAuthorization, Subtype: errs.SubtypePermissionDenied},   // secure label permission denied
-	1063013:   {Category: errs.CategoryValidation, Subtype: errs.SubtypeFailedPrecondition},    // secure label downgrade requires approval
-	1069302:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // comment endpoint "Invalid or missing parameters"
-	99992402:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // platform field validation failed
-	9499:      {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // invalid parameter type in JSON field
-	2200:      {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeServerError, Retryable: true}, // Drive tenant/internal errors
-	233523001: {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeServerError, Retryable: true}, // Drive/docs transient server error
+	1061001:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeServerError, Retryable: true}, // Drive "unknown error"
+	1061002:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // params error
+	1061004:  {Category: errs.CategoryAuthorization, Subtype: errs.SubtypePermissionDenied},   // forbidden
+	1061007:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeNotFound},                     // file has been deleted
+	1061043:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeQuotaExceeded},                // file size beyond limit
+	1061044:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeNotFound},                     // parent folder does not exist (upload)
+	1062009:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // actual size inconsistent with declared size
+	1063001:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // secure label invalid parameter
+	1063002:  {Category: errs.CategoryAuthorization, Subtype: errs.SubtypePermissionDenied},   // secure label permission denied
+	1063013:  {Category: errs.CategoryValidation, Subtype: errs.SubtypeFailedPrecondition},    // secure label downgrade requires approval
+	1069302:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // comment endpoint "Invalid or missing parameters"
+	99992402: {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // platform field validation failed
+	9499:     {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // invalid parameter type in JSON field
+	2200:     {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeServerError, Retryable: true}, // Drive tenant/internal errors
 }

 func init() { mergeCodeMeta(driveCodeMeta, "drive") }
--- a/internal/errclass/codemeta_test.go
+++ b/internal/errclass/codemeta_test.go
@@ -114,35 +114,8 @@ func TestLookupCodeMeta_DrivePushCodes(t *testing.T) {
 		{1061004, errs.CategoryAuthorization, errs.SubtypePermissionDenied, false},
 		{1061007, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeNotFound, false},
 		{1061043, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeQuotaExceeded, false},
-		{1061101, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeQuotaExceeded, false},
 		{1062009, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters, false},
 		{2200, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeServerError, true},
-		{233523001, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeServerError, true},
-	}
-	for _, tc := range cases {
-		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%d", tc.code), func(t *testing.T) {
-			got, ok := LookupCodeMeta(tc.code)
-			if !ok {
-				t.Fatalf("LookupCodeMeta(%d) ok=false, want true", tc.code)
-			}
-			if got.Category != tc.wantCat || got.Subtype != tc.wantSubtype || got.Retryable != tc.wantRetry {
-				t.Fatalf("LookupCodeMeta(%d) = %+v, want Category=%v Subtype=%v Retryable=%v",
-					tc.code, got, tc.wantCat, tc.wantSubtype, tc.wantRetry)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestLookupCodeMeta_WikiCodes(t *testing.T) {
-	cases := []struct {
-		code        int
-		wantCat     errs.Category
-		wantSubtype errs.Subtype
-		wantRetry   bool
-	}{
-		{131002, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters, false},
-		{131005, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeNotFound, false},
-		{131006, errs.CategoryAuthorization, errs.SubtypePermissionDenied, false},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range cases {
 		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%d", tc.code), func(t *testing.T) {
--- a/internal/errclass/codemeta_wiki.go
+++ b/internal/errclass/codemeta_wiki.go
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package errclass
-
-import "github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
-
-// wikiCodeMeta holds wiki-service Lark code -> CodeMeta mappings observed from
-// wiki shortcut failure telemetry. Keep these to wiki-wide meanings only; add
-// command-specific recovery guidance at the shortcut layer.
-var wikiCodeMeta = map[int]CodeMeta{
-	131002: {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},          // param err: space_id is not int / invalid page_token
-	131005: {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeNotFound},                   // wiki node / space not found
-	131006: {Category: errs.CategoryAuthorization, Subtype: errs.SubtypePermissionDenied}, // wiki space/node read permission denied
-}
-
-func init() { mergeCodeMeta(wikiCodeMeta, "wiki") }
--- a/internal/meta/affordance.go
+++ b/internal/meta/affordance.go
@@ -8,11 +8,8 @@ import "encoding/json"
 // Affordance is the typed usage guidance overlaid on a method. It is the single
 // model the envelope renderer and the command help both parse, so the
 // vocabulary is defined once; the JSON tags double as the envelope wire shape.
-// Skills entries are either a bare skill name (e.g. "lark-doc") or a
-// name/relative-path reference (e.g. "lark-contact/references/x.md"); both
-// render as runnable `lark-cli skills read <entry>` pointers. Help validates
-// each against the embedded skill tree (a name → its SKILL.md, a reference →
-// that path) and drops any that do not resolve.
+// Skills entries are skill names (or name/path) rendered as runnable
+// `lark-cli skills read <entry>` pointers.
 type Affordance struct {
 	UseWhen       []string            `json:"use_when,omitempty"`
 	AvoidWhen     []string            `json:"avoid_when,omitempty"`
--- a/internal/registry/remote.go
+++ b/internal/registry/remote.go
@@ -75,7 +75,13 @@ func remoteMetaURL(version string) string {
 	if testMetaURL != "" {
 		return testMetaURL
 	}
-	base := core.ResolveEndpoints(configuredBrand).Open + "/api/tools/open/api_definition"
+	var base string
+	switch configuredBrand {
+	case core.BrandLark:
+		base = "https://open.larksuite.com/api/tools/open/api_definition"
+	default:
+		base = "https://open.feishu.cn/api/tools/open/api_definition"
+	}
 	q := "protocol=meta&client_version=" + url.QueryEscape(build.Version)
 	if version != "" {
 		q += "&data_version=" + url.QueryEscape(version)
--- a/internal/selfupdate/updater.go
+++ b/internal/selfupdate/updater.go
@@ -12,12 +12,10 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
-	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"strings"
 	"time"

-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/transport"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/vfs"
 )
@@ -51,10 +49,7 @@ const (

 var (
 	skillsIndexFetchTimeout = 10 * time.Second
-	// officialSkillsIndexURL, when non-empty, overrides the brand-derived skills
-	// index URL. It is empty in production (the URL is resolved from the brand
-	// via core.ResolveEndpoints) and set by tests to a local server.
-	officialSkillsIndexURL = ""
+	officialSkillsIndexURL  = "https://open.feishu.cn/.well-known/skills/index.json"
 )

 // DetectResult holds installation detection results.
@@ -106,10 +101,6 @@ func (r *NpmResult) CombinedOutput() string {
 // Override DetectOverride / NpmInstallOverride / SkillsCommandOverride / VerifyOverride
 // / RestoreAvailableOverride for testing.
 type Updater struct {
-	// Brand selects the endpoint set for skills index/source resolution.
-	// Zero value resolves to the feishu default via core.ResolveEndpoints.
-	Brand core.LarkBrand
-
 	DetectOverride           func() DetectResult
 	NpmInstallOverride       func(version string) *NpmResult
 	PnpmInstallOverride      func(version string) *NpmResult
@@ -117,9 +108,6 @@ type Updater struct {
 	SkillsCommandOverride    func(args ...string) *NpmResult
 	VerifyOverride           func(expectedVersion string) error
 	RestoreAvailableOverride func() bool
-	// LatestVersionOverride replaces the package-manager registry query
-	// (LatestPublishedVersion) in tests.
-	LatestVersionOverride func(pm string) (string, error)

 	// backupCreated is set to true by PrepareSelfReplace (Windows) when the
 	// running binary is successfully renamed to .old. Used by
@@ -141,49 +129,6 @@ type Updater struct {
 // New creates an Updater with default (real) behavior.
 func New() *Updater { return &Updater{} }

-// latestVersionQueryTimeout bounds the package manager's registry query.
-const latestVersionQueryTimeout = 30 * time.Second
-
-// LatestPublishedVersion queries the latest published version of the CLI
-// package through the package manager itself, so the answer comes from the
-// same registry — resolved with the same configuration, including scoped
-// registries and .npmrc auth — that the subsequent install uses. The query
-// runs from the user's home directory (global installs ignore project-level
-// npm configuration, so a project .npmrc must not steer it), pins the latest
-// dist-tag, and forces plain output.
-func (u *Updater) LatestPublishedVersion(pm string) (string, error) {
-	if u.LatestVersionOverride != nil {
-		return u.LatestVersionOverride(pm)
-	}
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), latestVersionQueryTimeout)
-	defer cancel()
-	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, pm, "view", NpmPackage+"@latest", "version")
-	if home, err := vfs.UserHomeDir(); err == nil {
-		cmd.Dir = home
-	}
-	cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(), "npm_config_json=false")
-	out, err := cmd.Output()
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	return strings.TrimSpace(string(out)), nil
-}
-
-// skillsIndexURL returns the well-known skills index URL for the Updater's
-// brand. A non-empty officialSkillsIndexURL (tests only) takes precedence.
-func (u *Updater) skillsIndexURL() string {
-	if officialSkillsIndexURL != "" {
-		return officialSkillsIndexURL
-	}
-	return core.ResolveEndpoints(u.Brand).Open + "/.well-known/skills/index.json"
-}
-
-// skillsSource returns the skills repository source host for the Updater's
-// brand, used as the `npx skills add <source>` argument.
-func (u *Updater) skillsSource() string {
-	return core.ResolveEndpoints(u.Brand).Open
-}
-
 // DetectInstallMethod determines how the CLI was installed and whether the
 // owning package manager is available for auto-update.
 func (u *Updater) DetectInstallMethod() DetectResult {
@@ -313,7 +258,7 @@ func (u *Updater) ListOfficialSkillsIndex() *NpmResult {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), skillsIndexFetchTimeout)
 	defer cancel()

-	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, u.skillsIndexURL(), nil)
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, officialSkillsIndexURL, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		r.Err = err
 		return r
@@ -352,7 +297,7 @@ func (u *Updater) ListOfficialSkillsIndex() *NpmResult {
 }

 func (u *Updater) ListOfficialSkills() *NpmResult {
-	r := u.runSkillsListOfficial(u.skillsSource())
+	r := u.runSkillsListOfficial("https://open.feishu.cn")
 	if r.Err != nil {
 		r = u.runSkillsListOfficial("larksuite/cli")
 	}
@@ -368,7 +313,7 @@ func (u *Updater) ListGlobalSkillsJSON() *NpmResult {
 }

 func (u *Updater) InstallSkill(nameList []string) *NpmResult {
-	r := u.runSkillsInstall(u.skillsSource(), nameList)
+	r := u.runSkillsInstall("https://open.feishu.cn", nameList)
 	if r.Err != nil {
 		r = u.runSkillsInstall("larksuite/cli", nameList)
 	}
@@ -376,7 +321,7 @@ func (u *Updater) InstallSkill(nameList []string) *NpmResult {
 }

 func (u *Updater) InstallAllSkills() *NpmResult {
-	r := u.runSkillsAdd(u.skillsSource())
+	r := u.runSkillsAdd("https://open.feishu.cn")
 	if r.Err != nil {
 		r = u.runSkillsAdd("larksuite/cli")
 	}
--- a/internal/selfupdate/updater_test.go
+++ b/internal/selfupdate/updater_test.go
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"

-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/vfs"
 )

@@ -516,23 +515,3 @@ func TestDetectInstallMethod_Caches(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("expected cached pnpm result to be returned, got %+v", got)
 	}
 }
-
-func TestSkillsBrandHosts(t *testing.T) {
-	cases := []struct {
-		brand      core.LarkBrand
-		wantIndex  string
-		wantSource string
-	}{
-		{core.BrandFeishu, "https://open.feishu.cn/.well-known/skills/index.json", "https://open.feishu.cn"},
-		{core.BrandLark, "https://open.larksuite.com/.well-known/skills/index.json", "https://open.larksuite.com"},
-	}
-	for _, c := range cases {
-		u := &Updater{Brand: c.brand}
-		if got := u.skillsIndexURL(); got != c.wantIndex {
-			t.Errorf("brand %q: skillsIndexURL = %q, want %q", c.brand, got, c.wantIndex)
-		}
-		if got := u.skillsSource(); got != c.wantSource {
-			t.Errorf("brand %q: skillsSource = %q, want %q", c.brand, got, c.wantSource)
-		}
-	}
-}
--- a/internal/update/update.go
+++ b/internal/update/update.go
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
-	"net/url"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"regexp"
@@ -24,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 )

 const (
+	registryURL  = "https://registry.npmjs.org/@larksuite/cli/latest"
 	cacheTTL     = 24 * time.Hour
 	fetchTimeout = 15 * time.Second
 	stateFile    = "update-state.json"
@@ -63,33 +63,15 @@ func httpClient() *http.Client {
 		return DefaultClient
 	}
 	return &http.Client{
-		Timeout:       fetchTimeout,
-		Transport:     transport.Shared(),
-		CheckRedirect: rejectHTTPDowngrade,
+		Timeout:   fetchTimeout,
+		Transport: transport.Shared(),
 	}
 }

-// rejectHTTPDowngrade blocks redirects that leave HTTPS (e.g. a registry
-// answering with a plain-HTTP Location), matching the skills-index client's
-// redirect policy.
-func rejectHTTPDowngrade(req *http.Request, via []*http.Request) error {
-	if len(via) >= 10 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("npm registry: too many redirects")
-	}
-	if req.URL.Scheme != "https" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("npm registry redirected to non-HTTPS URL: %s", req.URL.Redacted())
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
 // updateState is persisted to disk for caching.
 type updateState struct {
 	LatestVersion string `json:"latest_version"`
 	CheckedAt     int64  `json:"checked_at"`
-	// Registry is the base URL the cached version was fetched from. A cache
-	// entry from a different registry is stale; older states without the
-	// field force one refresh.
-	Registry string `json:"registry,omitempty"`
 }

 // CheckCached checks the local cache only (no network). Always fast.
@@ -101,9 +83,6 @@ func CheckCached(currentVersion string) *UpdateInfo {
 	if state == nil || state.LatestVersion == "" {
 		return nil
 	}
-	if state.Registry != resolveRegistryBase() {
-		return nil // cached version came from a different registry
-	}
 	if !IsNewer(state.LatestVersion, currentVersion) {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -116,10 +95,9 @@ func RefreshCache(currentVersion string) {
 	if shouldSkip(currentVersion) {
 		return
 	}
-	registry := resolveRegistryBase()
 	state, _ := loadState()
-	if state != nil && state.Registry == registry && time.Since(time.Unix(state.CheckedAt, 0)) < cacheTTL {
-		return // cache is fresh and from the same registry
+	if state != nil && time.Since(time.Unix(state.CheckedAt, 0)) < cacheTTL {
+		return // cache is fresh
 	}
 	latest, err := fetchLatestVersion()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -128,7 +106,6 @@ func RefreshCache(currentVersion string) {
 	_ = saveState(&updateState{
 		LatestVersion: latest,
 		CheckedAt:     time.Now().Unix(),
-		Registry:      registry,
 	})
 }

@@ -225,32 +202,8 @@ type npmLatestResponse struct {
 	Version string `json:"version"`
 }

-// resolveRegistryBase returns the npm registry base URL for version checks.
-// It honors npm_config_registry (either spelling — npm reads its config
-// environment case-insensitively) when set to a valid https registry,
-// otherwise falls back to the public npmjs default.
-func resolveRegistryBase() string {
-	const defaultBase = "https://registry.npmjs.org"
-	raw := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("npm_config_registry"))
-	if raw == "" {
-		raw = strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("NPM_CONFIG_REGISTRY"))
-	}
-	if raw != "" {
-		if u, err := url.Parse(raw); err == nil && u.Scheme == "https" && u.Host != "" {
-			return strings.TrimRight(u.Scheme+"://"+u.Host+u.Path, "/")
-		}
-	}
-	return defaultBase
-}
-
-// resolveRegistryURL builds the npm registry metadata URL for @larksuite/cli.
-// This request carries no Lark credentials — it is package-distribution only.
-func resolveRegistryURL() string {
-	return resolveRegistryBase() + "/@larksuite/cli/latest"
-}
-
 func fetchLatestVersion() (string, error) {
-	resp, err := httpClient().Get(resolveRegistryURL())
+	resp, err := httpClient().Get(registryURL)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
--- a/internal/update/update_test.go
+++ b/internal/update/update_test.go
@@ -188,8 +188,8 @@ func TestCheckCached(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("expected nil with no cache, got %+v", info)
 	}

-	// Write cache with newer version (from the currently-resolved registry)
-	state := &updateState{LatestVersion: "2.0.0", CheckedAt: time.Now().Unix(), Registry: resolveRegistryBase()}
+	// Write cache with newer version
+	state := &updateState{LatestVersion: "2.0.0", CheckedAt: time.Now().Unix()}
 	data, _ := json.Marshal(state)
 	os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmp, stateFile), data, 0644)

@@ -275,106 +275,3 @@ func TestIsCIEnv(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
-
-func TestResolveRegistryURL(t *testing.T) {
-	cases := []struct {
-		name, env, want string
-	}{
-		{"unset", "", "https://registry.npmjs.org/@larksuite/cli/latest"},
-		{"custom https", "https://corp.example.com/repository/npm/", "https://corp.example.com/repository/npm/@larksuite/cli/latest"},
-		{"trailing slashes", "https://corp.example.com///", "https://corp.example.com/@larksuite/cli/latest"},
-		{"non-https ignored", "http://internal.example.com/", "https://registry.npmjs.org/@larksuite/cli/latest"},
-		{"garbage ignored", "not a url", "https://registry.npmjs.org/@larksuite/cli/latest"},
-	}
-	for _, c := range cases {
-		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Setenv("npm_config_registry", c.env)
-			if got := resolveRegistryURL(); got != c.want {
-				t.Errorf("resolveRegistryURL() = %q, want %q", got, c.want)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestResolveRegistryURL_UppercaseEnv(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv("npm_config_registry", "")
-	t.Setenv("NPM_CONFIG_REGISTRY", "https://corp.example.com/npm/")
-	want := "https://corp.example.com/npm/@larksuite/cli/latest"
-	if got := resolveRegistryURL(); got != want {
-		t.Errorf("resolveRegistryURL() = %q, want %q", got, want)
-	}
-	// Lowercase wins when both are set (npm's own env precedence for exact case).
-	t.Setenv("npm_config_registry", "https://lower.example.com/")
-	want = "https://lower.example.com/@larksuite/cli/latest"
-	if got := resolveRegistryURL(); got != want {
-		t.Errorf("resolveRegistryURL() with both = %q, want %q", got, want)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestRejectHTTPDowngrade(t *testing.T) {
-	httpsReq := &http.Request{URL: &url.URL{Scheme: "https", Host: "registry.example.com"}}
-	httpReq := &http.Request{URL: &url.URL{Scheme: "http", Host: "registry.example.com"}}
-	if err := rejectHTTPDowngrade(httpsReq, []*http.Request{httpsReq}); err != nil {
-		t.Errorf("https redirect rejected: %v", err)
-	}
-	if err := rejectHTTPDowngrade(httpReq, []*http.Request{httpsReq}); err == nil {
-		t.Error("http downgrade redirect not rejected")
-	}
-	via := make([]*http.Request, 10)
-	for i := range via {
-		via[i] = httpsReq
-	}
-	if err := rejectHTTPDowngrade(httpsReq, via); err == nil {
-		t.Error("redirect loop (10 hops) not rejected")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestUpdateCacheRegistryScoped(t *testing.T) {
-	clearSkipEnv(t)
-	tmp := t.TempDir()
-	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", tmp)
-	t.Setenv("NPM_CONFIG_REGISTRY", "")
-
-	// Legacy state without a registry field is treated as foreign: no hint.
-	t.Setenv("npm_config_registry", "")
-	legacy := &updateState{LatestVersion: "9.9.9", CheckedAt: time.Now().Unix()}
-	data, _ := json.Marshal(legacy)
-	os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmp, stateFile), data, 0644)
-	if info := CheckCached("1.0.0"); info != nil {
-		t.Errorf("expected nil for legacy state without registry, got %+v", info)
-	}
-
-	// Cache a version fetched from registry A → hint served on A only.
-	t.Setenv("npm_config_registry", "https://registry-a.example.com/")
-	state := &updateState{LatestVersion: "9.9.9", CheckedAt: time.Now().Unix(), Registry: resolveRegistryBase()}
-	data, _ = json.Marshal(state)
-	os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmp, stateFile), data, 0644)
-	if info := CheckCached("1.0.0"); info == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected cached hint on the same registry")
-	}
-
-	// Switch to registry B: the A-scoped hint must be suppressed.
-	t.Setenv("npm_config_registry", "https://registry-b.example.com/")
-	if info := CheckCached("1.0.0"); info != nil {
-		t.Errorf("expected nil after registry switch, got %+v", info)
-	}
-
-	// RefreshCache must treat the fresh-but-foreign cache as stale: it
-	// re-fetches from the new registry and rewrites the state.
-	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(npmLatestResponse{Version: "3.0.0"})
-	}))
-	defer srv.Close()
-	DefaultClient = srv.Client()
-	DefaultClient.Transport = roundTripFunc(func(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
-		req.URL = mustParseURL(srv.URL + req.URL.Path)
-		return http.DefaultTransport.RoundTrip(req)
-	})
-	defer func() { DefaultClient = nil }()
-
-	RefreshCache("1.0.0")
-	info := CheckCached("1.0.0")
-	if info == nil || info.Latest != "3.0.0" {
-		t.Errorf("expected refreshed hint 3.0.0 from new registry, got %+v", info)
-	}
-}
--- a/lint/README.md
+++ b/lint/README.md
@@ -30,39 +30,8 @@ lint/
    ├── rule_subtype_classifier.go
    ├── rule_typed_error_completeness.go
    └── *_test.go
-└── domaincontract/     # endpoint domain contract: no hardcoded resolver hosts
-    ├── scan.go         # ScanRepo(root) ([]lintapi.Violation, error)  ← public entry
-    └── scan_test.go
 ```

-## Endpoint domain contract (`domaincontract`)
-
-Every outbound Lark domain must be resolved through `core.ResolveEndpoints`.
-The `domaincontract` domain rejects, in any production `.go` file:
-
- string literals containing a resolver-owned host FQDN
-  (`{open,accounts,mcp,applink}.{feishu.cn,larksuite.com}`), and
- references to the SDK base-URL constants (`FeishuBaseUrl` / `LarkBaseUrl`)
-  selected off an import of the SDK root package, which pick a host without
-  going through the resolver. Unrelated identifiers sharing the name are not
-  flagged.
-
-Host literals are permitted only inside the resolver's `ResolveEndpoints`
-function body (`internal/core/types.go`) and in this rule's own host list
-(`lint/domaincontract/scan.go`); a helper elsewhere in the resolver file
-returning a hardcoded host is still rejected. Comments and `_test.go` files
-are not scanned. Literals are unquoted before matching (escape sequences
-cannot hide a host) and match case-insensitively, and dot-imports of the SDK
-root package are rejected outright (they would hide the constants from this
-parse-level guard). The forbidden-host list is bound to the resolver source by
-`TestForbiddenHostsMatchResolver`, so adding a resolver domain without updating
-the guard fails the lint module's tests. Known parse-level limits: an SDK
-import alias shadowed by a local identifier and hosts assembled from string
-fragments are not detected — the literal rule at the resolver plus review are
-the backstop. Scope: Go sources only — shipped JS assets are outside this
-guard.
-To add or change an outbound endpoint, edit the resolver — never hardcode a host.
-
 ## Running

 ```bash
--- a/lint/domaincontract/scan.go
+++ b/lint/domaincontract/scan.go
@@ -1,200 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-// Package domaincontract guards against hardcoded resolver-owned host FQDNs.
-// Every outbound Lark domain must be resolved via core.ResolveEndpoints; the
-// only place these host strings may appear as literals is the resolver itself.
-package domaincontract
-
-import (
-	"go/ast"
-	"go/parser"
-	"go/token"
-	"io/fs"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/lint/lintapi"
-)
-
-// forbiddenHosts are the resolver-owned FQDNs. They may only appear as string
-// literals in the allowlisted resolver source.
-var forbiddenHosts = []string{
-	"open.feishu.cn", "accounts.feishu.cn", "mcp.feishu.cn", "applink.feishu.cn",
-	"open.larksuite.com", "accounts.larksuite.com", "mcp.larksuite.com", "applink.larksuite.com",
-}
-
-// forbiddenIdents are the SDK root package's base-URL constant names.
-// Referencing them selects a host without going through the resolver — the
-// exact shape of the event-WS bypass this guard exists to prevent. They are
-// matched as selectors on an import of the SDK root package, so unrelated
-// identifiers that merely share the name are not flagged.
-var forbiddenIdents = map[string]bool{
-	"FeishuBaseUrl": true,
-	"LarkBaseUrl":   true,
-}
-
-// sdkModulePrefix identifies imports of the Lark OAPI SDK.
-const sdkModulePrefix = "github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/"
-
-// sdkImportAliases returns the local names under which the SDK root package
-// (the one exporting the base-URL constants) is imported in file. Subpackages
-// (larkws, dispatcher, ...) do not export the constants and are ignored.
-func sdkImportAliases(file *ast.File) map[string]bool {
-	aliases := map[string]bool{}
-	for _, imp := range file.Imports {
-		path, err := strconv.Unquote(imp.Path.Value)
-		if err != nil || !strings.HasPrefix(path, sdkModulePrefix) {
-			continue
-		}
-		if strings.Contains(strings.TrimPrefix(path, sdkModulePrefix), "/") {
-			continue // subpackage, not the root
-		}
-		name := "lark" // the SDK root package's package name
-		if imp.Name != nil {
-			name = imp.Name.Name
-		}
-		aliases[name] = true
-	}
-	return aliases
-}
-
-// allowlist maps repo-relative paths permitted to contain the literals:
-// this rule's own forbidden-host list. The resolver source itself is NOT
-// file-allowlisted — only literals inside its ResolveEndpoints function body
-// are permitted (see resolverPath), so a stray helper returning a hardcoded
-// host in the same file is still rejected.
-var allowlist = map[string]bool{
-	filepath.FromSlash("lint/domaincontract/scan.go"): true,
-}
-
-// resolverPath is the resolver source file; within it, host literals are
-// permitted only inside the ResolveEndpoints function body.
-var resolverPath = filepath.FromSlash("internal/core/types.go")
-
-func skipDir(name string) bool {
-	switch name {
-	case "vendor", "testdata", "node_modules", ".git", ".claude":
-		return true
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-// ScanRepo walks production .go files under root and flags string literals
-// containing a forbidden resolver host outside the allowlist. Comments and
-// _test.go files are not scanned.
-func ScanRepo(root string) ([]lintapi.Violation, error) {
-	var out []lintapi.Violation
-	err := filepath.WalkDir(root, func(path string, d fs.DirEntry, err error) error {
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		if d.IsDir() {
-			if skipDir(d.Name()) {
-				return filepath.SkipDir
-			}
-			return nil
-		}
-		if !strings.HasSuffix(path, ".go") || strings.HasSuffix(path, "_test.go") {
-			return nil
-		}
-		rel, relErr := filepath.Rel(root, path)
-		if relErr == nil && allowlist[rel] {
-			return nil
-		}
-		fset := token.NewFileSet()
-		file, perr := parser.ParseFile(fset, path, nil, 0)
-		if perr != nil {
-			return nil // unparseable file: not our concern
-		}
-		display := path
-		if relErr == nil {
-			display = rel
-		}
-		// In the resolver source, host literals are legitimate only inside the
-		// ResolveEndpoints function body.
-		var allowedFrom, allowedTo token.Pos
-		if relErr == nil && rel == resolverPath {
-			for _, d := range file.Decls {
-				if fd, ok := d.(*ast.FuncDecl); ok && fd.Name.Name == "ResolveEndpoints" && fd.Body != nil {
-					allowedFrom, allowedTo = fd.Body.Pos(), fd.Body.End()
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		inResolverBody := func(p token.Pos) bool {
-			return allowedFrom != token.NoPos && p >= allowedFrom && p <= allowedTo
-		}
-		// Dot-importing the SDK root package would let its base-URL constants
-		// appear as bare identifiers this parse-level guard cannot attribute,
-		// so the import form itself is rejected.
-		for _, imp := range file.Imports {
-			path, uerr := strconv.Unquote(imp.Path.Value)
-			if uerr != nil || imp.Name == nil || imp.Name.Name != "." {
-				continue
-			}
-			if strings.HasPrefix(path, sdkModulePrefix) &&
-				!strings.Contains(strings.TrimPrefix(path, sdkModulePrefix), "/") {
-				pos := fset.Position(imp.Pos())
-				out = append(out, lintapi.Violation{
-					Rule:       "no-hardcoded-endpoint",
-					Action:     lintapi.ActionReject,
-					File:       display,
-					Line:       pos.Line,
-					Message:    "dot-import of the SDK root package defeats the endpoint guard",
-					Suggestion: "import the SDK with a package name",
-				})
-			}
-		}
-		sdkAliases := sdkImportAliases(file)
-		ast.Inspect(file, func(n ast.Node) bool {
-			switch node := n.(type) {
-			case *ast.SelectorExpr:
-				pkg, ok := node.X.(*ast.Ident)
-				if ok && forbiddenIdents[node.Sel.Name] && sdkAliases[pkg.Name] {
-					pos := fset.Position(node.Pos())
-					out = append(out, lintapi.Violation{
-						Rule:       "no-hardcoded-endpoint",
-						Action:     lintapi.ActionReject,
-						File:       display,
-						Line:       pos.Line,
-						Message:    "SDK base-URL constant " + pkg.Name + "." + node.Sel.Name + " bypasses the resolver — outbound domains must come from core.ResolveEndpoints",
-						Suggestion: "derive the host from core.ResolveEndpoints(brand) instead of the SDK constant",
-					})
-				}
-			case *ast.BasicLit:
-				if node.Kind != token.STRING {
-					return true
-				}
-				if inResolverBody(node.Pos()) {
-					return true
-				}
-				// Normalize before matching: unquote so escape sequences cannot
-				// hide a host, and lowercase because hostnames are
-				// case-insensitive on the wire.
-				value := node.Value
-				if v, err := strconv.Unquote(value); err == nil {
-					value = v
-				}
-				lower := strings.ToLower(value)
-				for _, host := range forbiddenHosts {
-					if strings.Contains(lower, host) {
-						pos := fset.Position(node.Pos())
-						out = append(out, lintapi.Violation{
-							Rule:       "no-hardcoded-endpoint",
-							Action:     lintapi.ActionReject,
-							File:       display,
-							Line:       pos.Line,
-							Message:    "hardcoded resolver host " + host + " — outbound domains must come from core.ResolveEndpoints",
-							Suggestion: "use core.ResolveEndpoints(brand) instead of a literal host",
-						})
-						return true
-					}
-				}
-			}
-			return true
-		})
-		return nil
-	})
-	return out, err
-}
--- a/lint/domaincontract/scan_test.go
+++ b/lint/domaincontract/scan_test.go
@@ -1,202 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package domaincontract
-
-import (
-	"go/ast"
-	"go/parser"
-	"go/token"
-	"net/url"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-func writeFile(t *testing.T, root, rel, content string) {
-	t.Helper()
-	p := filepath.Join(root, rel)
-	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(p), 0o755); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if err := os.WriteFile(p, []byte(content), 0o644); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestScanRepo(t *testing.T) {
-	root := t.TempDir()
-	// Negative: the resolver may hold the literals inside ResolveEndpoints.
-	writeFile(t, root, "internal/core/types.go", "package core\n\nfunc ResolveEndpoints(b string) string {\n\treturn \"https://open.feishu.cn\"\n}\n")
-	// Negative: non-resolver hosts + a comment reference must not trip the guard.
-	writeFile(t, root, "shortcuts/x/display.go", "package x\n\n// see https://open.feishu.cn/document/foo\nvar h = \"https://www.feishu.cn\"\nvar e = \"https://example.feishu.cn\"\nvar r = \"https://registry.npmjs.org/pkg\"\n")
-	// Negative: _test.go files may assert literals.
-	writeFile(t, root, "internal/y/y_test.go", "package y\n\nvar w = \"https://open.larksuite.com\"\n")
-	// Positive: production literal outside the allowlist.
-	writeFile(t, root, "internal/z/z.go", "package z\n\nvar bad = \"https://accounts.larksuite.com/oauth\"\n")
-
-	vs, err := ScanRepo(root)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if len(vs) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("got %d violations, want 1: %+v", len(vs), vs)
-	}
-	if filepath.Base(vs[0].File) != "z.go" {
-		t.Errorf("violation in %q, want z.go", vs[0].File)
-	}
-}
-
-// TestScanRepoSDKConstants rejects the SDK base-URL constants (the event-WS
-// bypass shape) only when selected off an import of the SDK root package:
-// test files, same-name local identifiers, and other packages' symbols pass.
-func TestScanRepoSDKConstants(t *testing.T) {
-	root := t.TempDir()
-	// Positive: default and renamed imports of the SDK root package.
-	writeFile(t, root, "shortcuts/x/ws.go",
-		"package x\n\nimport lark \"github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3\"\n\nvar d = lark.FeishuBaseUrl\n")
-	writeFile(t, root, "shortcuts/x/ws2.go",
-		"package x\n\nimport sdk \"github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3\"\n\nvar e = sdk.LarkBaseUrl\n")
-	// Negative: test file may reference the constants.
-	writeFile(t, root, "shortcuts/x/ws_test.go",
-		"package x\n\nimport lark \"github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3\"\n\nvar p = lark.LarkBaseUrl\n")
-	// Negative: same-name local identifier without the SDK import.
-	writeFile(t, root, "shortcuts/y/local.go",
-		"package y\n\nvar FeishuBaseUrl = \"local\"\nvar q = FeishuBaseUrl\n")
-	// Negative: same-name symbol from an unrelated package.
-	writeFile(t, root, "shortcuts/z/other.go",
-		"package z\n\nimport other \"example.com/other\"\n\nvar r = other.FeishuBaseUrl\n")
-	// Negative: SDK subpackage import does not export the constants.
-	writeFile(t, root, "shortcuts/w/sub.go",
-		"package w\n\nimport larkws \"github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3/ws\"\n\nvar s = larkws.FeishuBaseUrl\n")
-
-	vs, err := ScanRepo(root)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if len(vs) != 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("got %d violations, want 2: %+v", len(vs), vs)
-	}
-	files := map[string]bool{}
-	for _, v := range vs {
-		files[filepath.Base(v.File)] = true
-	}
-	if !files["ws.go"] || !files["ws2.go"] {
-		t.Errorf("violations in %v, want ws.go and ws2.go", files)
-	}
-}
-
-// TestForbiddenHostsMatchResolver binds the guard's host list to the resolver
-// source of truth: every https host literal in internal/core/types.go must be
-// forbidden here, and vice versa. Adding or renaming a resolver domain without
-// updating the guard fails this test instead of silently widening the gap.
-func TestForbiddenHostsMatchResolver(t *testing.T) {
-	src := filepath.Join("..", "..", "internal", "core", "types.go")
-	fset := token.NewFileSet()
-	file, err := parser.ParseFile(fset, src, nil, 0)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("parse resolver source: %v", err)
-	}
-	resolverHosts := map[string]bool{}
-	ast.Inspect(file, func(n ast.Node) bool {
-		lit, ok := n.(*ast.BasicLit)
-		if !ok || lit.Kind != token.STRING {
-			return true
-		}
-		v, err := strconv.Unquote(lit.Value)
-		if err != nil || !strings.HasPrefix(v, "https://") {
-			return true
-		}
-		// Parse instead of prefix-stripping so a resolver URL that ever gains a
-		// path component still compares by bare host against forbiddenHosts.
-		u, err := url.Parse(v)
-		if err != nil || u.Host == "" {
-			return true
-		}
-		resolverHosts[u.Host] = true
-		return true
-	})
-
-	guardHosts := map[string]bool{}
-	for _, h := range forbiddenHosts {
-		guardHosts[h] = true
-	}
-	for h := range resolverHosts {
-		if !guardHosts[h] {
-			t.Errorf("resolver host %q is not in the guard's forbidden list", h)
-		}
-	}
-	for h := range guardHosts {
-		if !resolverHosts[h] {
-			t.Errorf("guard forbids %q which the resolver does not define", h)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// TestScanRepoDotImportAndCase covers the dot-import rejection and the
-// case-insensitive host-literal match.
-func TestScanRepoDotImportAndCase(t *testing.T) {
-	root := t.TempDir()
-	// Positive: dot-import of the SDK root package.
-	writeFile(t, root, "shortcuts/a/dot.go",
-		"package a\n\nimport . \"github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3\"\n\nvar d = FeishuBaseUrl\n")
-	// Positive: uppercase host literal.
-	writeFile(t, root, "shortcuts/b/upper.go",
-		"package b\n\nvar u = \"https://OPEN.FEISHU.CN/api\"\n")
-	// Negative: dot-import of an SDK subpackage is out of the constants' scope.
-	writeFile(t, root, "shortcuts/c/sub.go",
-		"package c\n\nimport . \"github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3/ws\"\n\nvar s = 1\n")
-
-	vs, err := ScanRepo(root)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if len(vs) != 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("got %d violations, want 2: %+v", len(vs), vs)
-	}
-	files := map[string]bool{}
-	for _, v := range vs {
-		files[filepath.Base(v.File)] = true
-	}
-	if !files["dot.go"] || !files["upper.go"] {
-		t.Errorf("violations in %v, want dot.go and upper.go", files)
-	}
-}
-
-// TestScanRepoResolverFunctionScope proves the resolver file is not blanket
-// allowlisted: a helper outside ResolveEndpoints returning a hardcoded host —
-// in the same file — is rejected, while the resolver body itself passes.
-func TestScanRepoResolverFunctionScope(t *testing.T) {
-	root := t.TempDir()
-	writeFile(t, root, "internal/core/types.go",
-		"package core\n\nfunc ResolveEndpoints(b string) string {\n\treturn \"https://open.feishu.cn\"\n}\n\nfunc bypass() string { return \"https://open.feishu.cn\" }\n")
-
-	vs, err := ScanRepo(root)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if len(vs) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("got %d violations, want 1 (the bypass helper): %+v", len(vs), vs)
-	}
-	if filepath.Base(vs[0].File) != "types.go" {
-		t.Errorf("violation in %q, want types.go", vs[0].File)
-	}
-}
-
-// TestScanRepoEscapedLiteral proves escape sequences cannot hide a host from
-// the guard: the literal is unquoted before matching.
-func TestScanRepoEscapedLiteral(t *testing.T) {
-	root := t.TempDir()
-	writeFile(t, root, "internal/e/e.go",
-		"package e\n\nvar h = \"https://open.feishu\\u002ecn\"\n")
-
-	vs, err := ScanRepo(root)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if len(vs) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("got %d violations, want 1: %+v", len(vs), vs)
-	}
-}
--- a/lint/main.go
+++ b/lint/main.go
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"

-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/lint/domaincontract"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/lint/errscontract"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/lint/lintapi"
 )
@@ -44,9 +43,6 @@ type scanner struct {

 var scanners = []scanner{
 	{name: "errscontract", fn: errscontract.ScanRepoWithOptions},
-	{name: "domaincontract", fn: func(root string, _ errscontract.ScanOptions) ([]lintapi.Violation, error) {
-		return domaincontract.ScanRepo(root)
-	}},
 }

 func main() {
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@larksuite/cli",
-  "version": "1.0.67",
+  "version": "1.0.65",
  "description": "The official CLI for Lark/Feishu open platform",
  "bin": {
    "lark-cli": "scripts/run.js"
--- a/scripts/ci-workflow.test.sh
+++ b/scripts/ci-workflow.test.sh
@@ -215,73 +215,6 @@ if ! grep -Fq "if: \${{ $fork_safe_guard }}" <<<"$section"; then
  exit 1
 fi

-if ! grep -Fq "name: Resolve CLI E2E domains" <<<"$dry_run_section" ||
-   ! grep -Fq "id: e2e_domains" <<<"$dry_run_section" ||
-   ! grep -Fq "run: node scripts/e2e_domains.js" <<<"$dry_run_section"; then
-  echo "e2e-dry-run should resolve changed-file CLI E2E domains before running tests"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! grep -Fq "steps.e2e_domains.outputs.dry_packages" <<<"$dry_run_section"; then
-  echo "e2e-dry-run should use resolved dry_packages instead of always running the full suite"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! grep -Fq "E2E_REASON: \${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.reason }}" <<<"$dry_run_section" ||
-   ! grep -Fq 'echo "Dry-run CLI E2E domains: $E2E_MODE ($E2E_REASON)"' <<<"$dry_run_section"; then
-  echo "e2e-dry-run should pass dynamic domain output through env before shell use"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! grep -Fq "E2E_DRY_ROOT_PACKAGE: \${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.dry_root_package }}" <<<"$dry_run_section" ||
-   ! grep -Fq 'go test -v -count=1 -timeout=5m "$E2E_DRY_ROOT_PACKAGE"' <<<"$dry_run_section"; then
-  echo "e2e-dry-run should run the root CLI E2E harness package without the DryRun/Regression filter"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! grep -Fq "No dry-run CLI E2E needed" <<<"$dry_run_section"; then
-  echo "e2e-dry-run should explicitly skip when domain mode is skip"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! grep -Fq "name: Resolve CLI E2E domains" <<<"$section" ||
-   ! grep -Fq "id: e2e_domains" <<<"$section" ||
-   ! grep -Fq "run: node scripts/e2e_domains.js" <<<"$section"; then
-  echo "e2e-live should resolve changed-file CLI E2E domains before credentials and tests"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! grep -Fq "steps.e2e_domains.outputs.live_packages" <<<"$section"; then
-  echo "e2e-live should use resolved live_packages instead of always running the full suite"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! grep -Fq "E2E_REASON: \${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.reason }}" <<<"$section" ||
-   ! grep -Fq 'echo "Live CLI E2E domains: $E2E_MODE ($E2E_REASON)"' <<<"$section"; then
-  echo "e2e-live should pass dynamic domain output through env before shell use"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! awk '
-  /^      - name: Build lark-cli/ { in_step = 1 }
-  in_step && /if: \$\{\{ steps\.e2e_domains\.outputs\.mode != '\''skip'\'' \}\}/ { found = 1 }
-  in_step && /^      - name:/ && !/Build lark-cli/ { in_step = 0 }
-  END { exit found ? 0 : 1 }
-' <<<"$dry_run_section"; then
-  echo "e2e-dry-run should skip building lark-cli when domain mode is skip"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! awk '
-  /^      - name: Build lark-cli/ { in_step = 1 }
-  in_step && /if: \$\{\{ steps\.e2e_domains\.outputs\.mode != '\''skip'\'' \}\}/ { found = 1 }
-  in_step && /^      - name:/ && !/Build lark-cli/ { in_step = 0 }
-  END { exit found ? 0 : 1 }
-' <<<"$section"; then
-  echo "e2e-live should skip building lark-cli when domain mode is skip"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
 if ! grep -Fq "permissions:" <<<"$section" ||
   ! grep -Fq "contents: read" <<<"$section" ||
   ! grep -Fq "checks: write" <<<"$section"; then
@@ -304,23 +237,13 @@ if ! grep -Fq "::error::Missing required secrets: TEST_BOT1_APP_ID / TEST_BOT1_A
  exit 1
 fi

-if ! awk '
-  /^      - name: Configure bot credentials/ { in_step = 1 }
-  in_step && /if: \$\{\{ steps\.e2e_domains\.outputs\.mode != '\''skip'\'' \}\}/ { found = 1 }
-  in_step && /^      - name:/ && !/Configure bot credentials/ { in_step = 0 }
-  END { exit found ? 0 : 1 }
-' <<<"$section"; then
-  echo "e2e-live should only configure bot credentials when domain mode is not skip"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
 if grep -Fq "steps.live_e2e_credentials.outputs.configured" <<<"$section"; then
  echo "e2e-live build, configure, test, and report steps should not be gated by a skip-state output"
  exit 1
 fi

-if ! grep -Fq "if: \${{ !cancelled() && steps.e2e_domains.outputs.mode != 'skip' }}" <<<"$section"; then
-  echo "e2e-live report step should run after attempted live tests unless the workflow is cancelled or domain mode is skip"
+if ! grep -Fq "if: \${{ !cancelled() }}" <<<"$section"; then
+  echo "e2e-live report step should run after attempted live tests unless the workflow is cancelled"
  exit 1
 fi

--- a/scripts/domain-map.js
+++ b/scripts/domain-map.js
@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-const fs = require("node:fs");
-const path = require("node:path");
-
-const DOMAIN_MAP_PATH = path.join(__dirname, "domain-map.json");
-const domainMap = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(DOMAIN_MAP_PATH, "utf8"));
-
-function normalizeRepoPath(input) {
-  return String(input || "").trim().replace(/\\/g, "/").replace(/^\.\//, "").toLowerCase();
-}
-
-const pathMappingsBySpecificity = (domainMap.pathMappings || [])
-  .map((entry) => ({ ...entry, prefix: normalizeRepoPath(entry.prefix) }))
-  .sort((a, b) => b.prefix.length - a.prefix.length);
-
-function findPathMapping(filePath) {
-  const normalized = normalizeRepoPath(filePath);
-  return pathMappingsBySpecificity.find((entry) => normalized.startsWith(entry.prefix));
-}
-
-function labelDomainsForPath(filePath) {
-  const mapping = findPathMapping(filePath);
-  return mapping ? [...(mapping.labelDomains || [])] : [];
-}
-
-function e2eDomainsForPath(filePath) {
-  const mapping = findPathMapping(filePath);
-  return mapping ? [...(mapping.e2eDomains || [])] : [];
-}
-
-function matchesFullFallback(filePath) {
-  const normalized = normalizeRepoPath(filePath);
-  return (domainMap.fullFallbackPrefixes || []).some((prefix) => normalized.startsWith(prefix));
-}
-
-function isSkippablePath(filePath) {
-  const normalized = normalizeRepoPath(filePath);
-  const basename = path.posix.basename(normalized);
-  return (domainMap.skipPrefixes || []).some((prefix) => normalized.startsWith(prefix))
-    || (domainMap.skipSuffixes || []).some((suffix) => normalized.endsWith(suffix))
-    || (domainMap.skipFilenames || []).includes(basename);
-}
-
-module.exports = {
-  domainMap,
-  e2eDomainsForPath,
-  findPathMapping,
-  isSkippablePath,
-  labelDomainsForPath,
-  matchesFullFallback,
-  normalizeRepoPath,
-};
--- a/scripts/domain-map.json
+++ b/scripts/domain-map.json
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "pathMappings": [
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/im/", "labelDomains": ["im"], "e2eDomains": ["im"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/vc/", "labelDomains": ["vc"], "e2eDomains": ["vc"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/calendar/", "labelDomains": ["calendar"], "e2eDomains": ["calendar"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/doc/", "labelDomains": ["ccm"], "e2eDomains": ["docs"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/sheets/", "labelDomains": ["ccm"], "e2eDomains": ["sheets"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/drive/", "labelDomains": ["ccm"], "e2eDomains": ["drive"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/wiki/", "labelDomains": ["ccm"], "e2eDomains": ["wiki"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/base/", "labelDomains": ["base"], "e2eDomains": ["base"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/mail/", "labelDomains": ["mail"], "e2eDomains": ["mail"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/task/", "labelDomains": ["task"], "e2eDomains": ["task"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/contact/", "labelDomains": ["contact"], "e2eDomains": ["contact"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/apps/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["apps"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/markdown/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["markdown"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/minutes/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["minutes"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/okr/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["okr"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/slides/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["slides"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/note/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["note"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/event/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["event"] },
-
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-im/", "labelDomains": ["im"], "e2eDomains": ["im"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-vc/", "labelDomains": ["vc"], "e2eDomains": ["vc"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-doc/", "labelDomains": ["ccm"], "e2eDomains": ["docs"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-wiki/", "labelDomains": ["ccm"], "e2eDomains": ["wiki"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-drive/", "labelDomains": ["ccm"], "e2eDomains": ["drive"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-sheets/", "labelDomains": ["ccm"], "e2eDomains": ["sheets"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-base/", "labelDomains": ["base"], "e2eDomains": ["base"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-mail/", "labelDomains": ["mail"], "e2eDomains": ["mail"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-calendar/", "labelDomains": ["calendar"], "e2eDomains": ["calendar"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-task/", "labelDomains": ["task"], "e2eDomains": ["task"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-contact/", "labelDomains": ["contact"], "e2eDomains": ["contact"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-apps/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["apps"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-markdown/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["markdown"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-minutes/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["minutes"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-okr/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["okr"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-slides/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["slides"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-note/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["note"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-event/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["event"] }
-  ],
-  "fullFallbackPrefixes": [
-    "shortcuts/common/",
-    "cmd/",
-    "internal/",
-    "pkg/",
-    "extension/",
-    "registry/",
-    "go.mod",
-    "go.sum",
-    "Makefile",
-    ".github/workflows/",
-    "scripts/"
-  ],
-  "skipPrefixes": [
-    "docs/",
-    ".changeset/"
-  ],
-  "skipSuffixes": [
-    ".md",
-    ".mdx",
-    ".txt",
-    ".rst"
-  ],
-  "skipFilenames": [
-    "readme.md",
-    "readme.zh.md",
-    "changelog.md",
-    "license",
-    "cla.md"
-  ]
-}
--- a/scripts/e2e_domains.js
+++ b/scripts/e2e_domains.js
@@ -1,224 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env node
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-const fs = require("node:fs");
-const path = require("node:path");
-const { execFileSync } = require("node:child_process");
-const {
-  e2eDomainsForPath,
-  findPathMapping,
-  isSkippablePath,
-  matchesFullFallback,
-  normalizeRepoPath,
-} = require("./domain-map");
-
-const ROOT = process.env.E2E_DOMAINS_ROOT || path.join(__dirname, "..");
-process.chdir(ROOT);
-
-function execLines(command, args) {
-  return execFileSync(command, args, { encoding: "utf8" })
-    .split(/\r?\n/)
-    .map((line) => line.trim())
-    .filter(Boolean);
-}
-
-function modulePath() {
-  return execLines("go", ["list", "-m"])[0];
-}
-
-function rootPackage(moduleName) {
-  return `${moduleName}/tests/cli_e2e`;
-}
-
-function allLivePackages(moduleName) {
-  return execLines("go", ["list", "./tests/cli_e2e/..."])
-    .filter((pkg) => pkg !== rootPackage(moduleName))
-    .filter((pkg) => !pkg.endsWith("/demo"));
-}
-
-function allDryPackages(moduleName) {
-  return allLivePackages(moduleName);
-}
-
-const domainExistsCache = new Map();
-
-function domainExists(domain) {
-  if (domainExistsCache.has(domain)) {
-    return domainExistsCache.get(domain);
-  }
-  let exists = false;
-  try {
-    execFileSync("go", ["list", `./tests/cli_e2e/${domain}`], { stdio: "ignore" });
-    exists = true;
-  } catch {
-    exists = false;
-  }
-  domainExistsCache.set(domain, exists);
-  return exists;
-}
-
-function readChangedFiles() {
-  const changedFilesPath = process.env.E2E_DOMAIN_CHANGED_FILES;
-  if (changedFilesPath) {
-    return fs.readFileSync(changedFilesPath, "utf8")
-      .split(/\r?\n/)
-      .map(normalizeRepoPath)
-      .filter(Boolean);
-  }
-
-  if (process.env.GITHUB_EVENT_NAME !== "pull_request") {
-    return null;
-  }
-
-  const baseRef = process.env.GITHUB_BASE_REF || "main";
-  try {
-    execFileSync("git", ["rev-parse", "--verify", `origin/${baseRef}`], { stdio: "ignore" });
-    return execLines("git", ["diff", "--name-only", `origin/${baseRef}...HEAD`]).map(normalizeRepoPath);
-  } catch {
-    return null;
-  }
-}
-
-function addDomain(domains, domain) {
-  if (domain && domainExists(domain)) {
-    domains.add(domain);
-    return true;
-  }
-  return false;
-}
-
-function classifyPath(filePath, domains) {
-  const normalized = normalizeRepoPath(filePath);
-  if (!normalized) return { matched: false };
-
-  const e2eMatch = normalized.match(/^tests\/cli_e2e\/([^/]+)\//);
-  if (e2eMatch) {
-    const domain = e2eMatch[1];
-    if (domain === "demo") return { matched: false };
-    if (domainExists(domain)) {
-      addDomain(domains, domain);
-      return { matched: true };
-    }
-    if (isSkippablePath(normalized)) return { matched: false };
-    return { fullReason: `unknown CLI E2E domain path: ${normalized}` };
-  }
-
-  if (normalized.startsWith("tests/cli_e2e/")) {
-    return { fullReason: `shared CLI E2E harness changed: ${normalized}` };
-  }
-
-  if (matchesFullFallback(normalized)) {
-    return { fullReason: `shared/runtime path changed: ${normalized}` };
-  }
-
-  const mappedDomains = e2eDomainsForPath(normalized);
-  if (mappedDomains.length > 0) {
-    const missingDomains = [];
-    for (const domain of mappedDomains) {
-      if (!addDomain(domains, domain)) missingDomains.push(domain);
-    }
-    if (missingDomains.length > 0) {
-      return { fullReason: `mapped CLI E2E domain has no package: ${missingDomains.join(",")} (${normalized})` };
-    }
-    return { matched: true };
-  }
-
-  if (findPathMapping(normalized)) {
-    return { fullReason: `mapped path has no CLI E2E package: ${normalized}` };
-  }
-
-  if (normalized.match(/^shortcuts\/[^/]+\//) || normalized.match(/^skills\/lark-[^/]+\//)) {
-    return { fullReason: `unmapped CLI E2E domain path: ${normalized}` };
-  }
-
-  if (isSkippablePath(normalized)) return { matched: false };
-
-  return { fullReason: `unclassified path changed: ${normalized}` };
-}
-
-function resolveDomains(changedFiles) {
-  const moduleName = modulePath();
-  const rootDryPackage = rootPackage(moduleName);
-  if (changedFiles === null) {
-    return {
-      mode: "full",
-      reason: "non-pull_request run or unavailable diff",
-      domains: ["all"],
-      dryRootPackage: rootDryPackage,
-      dryPackages: allDryPackages(moduleName),
-      livePackages: allLivePackages(moduleName),
-    };
-  }
-
-  const domains = new Set();
-  let matchedRelevant = false;
-  let fullReason = "";
-
-  for (const file of changedFiles) {
-    const result = classifyPath(file, domains);
-    if (result.matched) matchedRelevant = true;
-    if (result.fullReason && !fullReason) fullReason = result.fullReason;
-  }
-
-  if (fullReason) {
-    return {
-      mode: "full",
-      reason: fullReason,
-      domains: ["all"],
-      dryRootPackage: rootDryPackage,
-      dryPackages: allDryPackages(moduleName),
-      livePackages: allLivePackages(moduleName),
-    };
-  }
-
-  if (matchedRelevant && domains.size > 0) {
-    const sortedDomains = [...domains].sort();
-    const packages = sortedDomains.map((domain) => `${moduleName}/tests/cli_e2e/${domain}`);
-    return {
-      mode: "subset",
-      reason: "business domain changes",
-      domains: sortedDomains,
-      dryRootPackage: rootDryPackage,
-      dryPackages: packages,
-      livePackages: packages,
-    };
-  }
-
-  return {
-    mode: "skip",
-    reason: "docs-only or no live CLI E2E impact",
-    domains: [],
-    dryRootPackage: "",
-    dryPackages: [],
-    livePackages: [],
-  };
-}
-
-function emit(resolved) {
-  const values = {
-    mode: resolved.mode,
-    reason: resolved.reason,
-    domains: resolved.domains.join(","),
-    dry_root_package: resolved.dryRootPackage,
-    dry_packages: resolved.dryPackages.join(" "),
-    live_packages: resolved.livePackages.join(" "),
-  };
-
-  const lines = Object.entries(values).map(([key, value]) => `${key}=${value}`);
-  console.log(lines.join("\n"));
-
-  if (process.env.GITHUB_OUTPUT) {
-    fs.appendFileSync(process.env.GITHUB_OUTPUT, `${lines.join("\n")}\n`);
-  }
-}
-
-if (require.main === module) {
-  emit(resolveDomains(readChangedFiles()));
-}
-
-module.exports = {
-  classifyPath,
-  readChangedFiles,
-  resolveDomains,
-};
--- a/scripts/e2e_domains.test.js
+++ b/scripts/e2e_domains.test.js
@@ -1,94 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-const assert = require("node:assert/strict");
-const fs = require("node:fs");
-const os = require("node:os");
-const path = require("node:path");
-const { execFileSync } = require("node:child_process");
-const test = require("node:test");
-
-const scriptPath = path.join(__dirname, "e2e_domains.js");
-
-function parseOutput(raw) {
-  const result = {};
-  for (const line of raw.trim().split(/\r?\n/)) {
-    const idx = line.indexOf("=");
-    if (idx === -1) continue;
-    result[line.slice(0, idx)] = line.slice(idx + 1);
-  }
-  return result;
-}
-
-function runDomains(files) {
-  const dir = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "e2e-domains-"));
-  const file = path.join(dir, "changed.txt");
-  fs.writeFileSync(file, `${files.join("\n")}\n`);
-  try {
-    return parseOutput(execFileSync(process.execPath, [scriptPath], {
-      cwd: path.join(__dirname, ".."),
-      encoding: "utf8",
-      env: { ...process.env, E2E_DOMAIN_CHANGED_FILES: file },
-    }));
-  } finally {
-    fs.rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  }
-}
-
-test("maps shortcut changes to one business domain package", () => {
-  const output = runDomains(["shortcuts/im/messages/send.go"]);
-  assert.equal(output.mode, "subset");
-  assert.equal(output.domains, "im");
-  assert.match(output.dry_root_package, /github\.com\/larksuite\/cli\/tests\/cli_e2e$/);
-  assert.match(output.live_packages, /github\.com\/larksuite\/cli\/tests\/cli_e2e\/im/);
-  assert.doesNotMatch(output.live_packages, /github\.com\/larksuite\/cli\/tests\/cli_e2e\/drive/);
-});
-
-test("maps doc shortcuts to docs package", () => {
-  const output = runDomains(["shortcuts/doc/update.go"]);
-  assert.equal(output.mode, "subset");
-  assert.equal(output.domains, "docs");
-  assert.match(output.live_packages, /github\.com\/larksuite\/cli\/tests\/cli_e2e\/docs/);
-});
-
-test("maps direct e2e domain package changes", () => {
-  const output = runDomains(["tests/cli_e2e/drive/helpers.go"]);
-  assert.equal(output.mode, "subset");
-  assert.equal(output.domains, "drive");
-  assert.match(output.live_packages, /github\.com\/larksuite\/cli\/tests\/cli_e2e\/drive/);
-});
-
-test("falls back to full for shared e2e harness changes", () => {
-  const output = runDomains(["tests/cli_e2e/core.go"]);
-  assert.equal(output.mode, "full");
-  assert.equal(output.domains, "all");
-  assert.match(output.reason, /shared CLI E2E harness changed/);
-});
-
-test("falls back to full for runtime changes", () => {
-  const output = runDomains(["cmd/root.go"]);
-  assert.equal(output.mode, "full");
-  assert.equal(output.domains, "all");
-  assert.match(output.reason, /shared\/runtime path changed/);
-});
-
-test("skips docs-only changes", () => {
-  const output = runDomains(["docs/usage.md", "README.md"]);
-  assert.equal(output.mode, "skip");
-  assert.equal(output.domains, "");
-  assert.equal(output.dry_root_package, "");
-  assert.equal(output.live_packages, "");
-});
-
-test("uses shared map for skill domain changes", () => {
-  const output = runDomains(["skills/lark-sheets/SKILL.md"]);
-  assert.equal(output.mode, "subset");
-  assert.equal(output.domains, "sheets");
-  assert.match(output.live_packages, /github\.com\/larksuite\/cli\/tests\/cli_e2e\/sheets/);
-});
-
-test("falls back to full when a mapped path has no e2e package", () => {
-  const output = runDomains(["shortcuts/whiteboard/export.go"]);
-  assert.equal(output.mode, "full");
-  assert.match(output.reason, /unmapped CLI E2E domain path/);
-});
--- a/scripts/pr-labels/index.js
+++ b/scripts/pr-labels/index.js
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@

 const fs = require("node:fs/promises");
 const path = require("node:path");
-const { labelDomainsForPath } = require("../domain-map");

 // ============================================================================
 // Constants & Configuration
@@ -36,6 +35,33 @@ const CORE_PREFIXES = ["internal/auth/", "internal/engine/", "internal/config/",
 const HEAD_BUSINESS_DOMAINS = new Set(["im", "contact", "ccm", "base", "docx"]);
 const LOW_RISK_TYPES = new Set(["docs", "ci", "test", "chore"]);

+// CODEOWNERS-based path to domain label mapping
+// Maps shortcuts and skills paths to business domain labels
+const PATH_TO_DOMAIN_MAP = {
+  // shortcuts
+  "shortcuts/im/": "im",
+  "shortcuts/vc/": "vc",
+  "shortcuts/calendar/": "calendar",
+  "shortcuts/doc/": "ccm",
+  "shortcuts/sheets/": "ccm",
+  "shortcuts/drive/": "ccm",
+  "shortcuts/wiki/": "ccm",
+  "shortcuts/base/": "base",
+  "shortcuts/mail/": "mail",
+  "shortcuts/task/": "task",
+  "shortcuts/contact/": "contact",
+  // skills
+  "skills/lark-im/": "im",
+  "skills/lark-vc/": "vc",
+  "skills/lark-doc/": "ccm",
+  "skills/lark-wiki/": "ccm",
+  "skills/lark-base/": "base",
+  "skills/lark-mail/": "mail",
+  "skills/lark-calendar/": "calendar",
+  "skills/lark-task/": "task",
+  "skills/lark-contact/": "contact",
+};
+
 const SENSITIVE_PATTERN = /(^|\/)(auth|permission|permissions|security)(\/|_|\.|$)/;

 const CLASS_STANDARDS = {
@@ -259,7 +285,13 @@ function skillDomainForPath(filePath) {

 // Get business domain label based on CODEOWNERS path mapping
 function getBusinessDomain(filePath) {
-  return labelDomainsForPath(filePath)[0] || "";
+  const normalized = normalizePath(filePath);
+  for (const [prefix, domain] of Object.entries(PATH_TO_DOMAIN_MAP)) {
+    if (normalized.startsWith(prefix)) {
+      return domain;
+    }
+  }
+  return "";
 }

 async function detectNewShortcutDomain(files) {
--- a/scripts/resolve-changed-from.test.sh
+++ b/scripts/resolve-changed-from.test.sh
@@ -8,17 +8,7 @@ repo_root="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/.." && pwd)"
 script="$repo_root/scripts/resolve-changed-from.sh"

 tmp="${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/resolve-changed-from-test-$$"
-
-cleanup_tmp() {
-  local attempt
-  for attempt in 1 2 3; do
-    rm -rf "$tmp" && return 0
-    sleep 1
-  done
-  rm -rf "$tmp"
-}
-
-trap cleanup_tmp EXIT
+trap 'rm -rf "$tmp"' EXIT
 mkdir -p "$tmp"

 git_init() {
--- a/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_audit_list.go
+++ b/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_audit_list.go
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ var AppsDBAuditList = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "until", Desc: "filter: event at or before; same formats as --since"},
 		{Name: "page-size", Type: "int", Default: "20", Desc: "page size"},
 		{Name: "page-token", Desc: "pagination cursor from previous response"},
-	}, dbEnvFlags("", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment; leave unset to auto-select (multi-env app uses dev, single-env uses online), or pass dev/online")...),
+	}, dbEnvFlags("dev", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment (default dev; use online for the online environment, or for an app whose DB is not multi-env)")...),
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if _, err := requireAppID(rctx.Str("app-id")); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -145,10 +145,7 @@ func fetchExistingTables(rctx *common.RuntimeContext, appID, env string) (map[st
 	existing := map[string]bool{}
 	token := ""
 	for {
-		params := map[string]interface{}{"page_size": 100}
-		if env != "" {
-			params["env"] = env
-		}
+		params := map[string]interface{}{"env": env, "page_size": 100}
 		if token != "" {
 			params["page_token"] = token
 		}
@@ -171,11 +168,7 @@ func fetchExistingTables(rctx *common.RuntimeContext, appID, env string) (map[st

 // fetchAuditEnabledTables 拉审计状态，返回当前已开启审计的表名集合（status 命令同源接口）。
 func fetchAuditEnabledTables(rctx *common.RuntimeContext, appID, env string) (map[string]bool, error) {
-	statusParams := map[string]interface{}{}
-	if env != "" {
-		statusParams["env"] = env
-	}
-	data, err := rctx.CallAPITyped("GET", appAuditStatusPath(appID), statusParams, nil)
+	data, err := rctx.CallAPITyped("GET", appAuditStatusPath(appID), map[string]interface{}{"env": env}, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -215,10 +208,11 @@ func auditListTables(rctx *common.RuntimeContext) []string {

 // buildAuditListParams 组装 audit_list 查询参数：env / tables(逗号拼接) / page_size 及可选 since/until/page_token。
 func buildAuditListParams(rctx *common.RuntimeContext, tables []string) map[string]interface{} {
-	params := dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{
+	params := map[string]interface{}{
+		"env":       dbEnv(rctx),
 		"tables":    strings.Join(tables, ","),
 		"page_size": rctx.Int("page-size"),
-	})
+	}
 	addStr := func(flag, key string) {
 		if v := strings.TrimSpace(rctx.Str(flag)); v != "" {
 			params[key] = v
--- a/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_audit_set.go
+++ b/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_audit_set.go
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ var AppsDBAuditEnable = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "app-id", Desc: "Miaoda app id", Required: true},
 		{Name: "table", Desc: "table to enable audit for", Required: true},
 		{Name: "retention", Default: "7d", Enum: auditRetentions, Desc: "how long to keep audit logs"},
-	}, dbEnvFlags("", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment; leave unset to auto-select (multi-env app uses dev, single-env uses online), or pass dev/online")...),
+	}, dbEnvFlags("dev", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment (default dev; use online for the online environment, or for an app whose DB is not multi-env)")...),
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if _, err := requireAppID(rctx.Str("app-id")); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ var AppsDBAuditEnable = common.Shortcut{
 		return common.NewDryRunAPI().
 			POST(appAuditSetPath(appID)).
 			Desc("Enable table audit").
-			Params(dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{})).
+			Params(map[string]interface{}{"env": dbEnv(rctx)}).
 			Body(map[string]interface{}{"table": strings.TrimSpace(rctx.Str("table")), "enabled": true, "retention": rctx.Str("retention")})
 	},
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ var AppsDBAuditEnable = common.Shortcut{
 		stop := rctx.StartSpinner("Enabling audit logging for " + table)
 		defer stop()
 		data, err := rctx.CallAPITyped("POST", appAuditSetPath(appID),
-			dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{}),
+			map[string]interface{}{"env": dbEnv(rctx)},
 			map[string]interface{}{"table": table, "enabled": true, "retention": retention})
 		stop()
 		if err != nil {
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ var AppsDBAuditDisable = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: append([]common.Flag{
 		{Name: "app-id", Desc: "Miaoda app id", Required: true},
 		{Name: "table", Desc: "table to disable audit for", Required: true},
-	}, dbEnvFlags("", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment; leave unset to auto-select (multi-env app uses dev, single-env uses online), or pass dev/online")...),
+	}, dbEnvFlags("dev", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment (default dev; use online for the online environment, or for an app whose DB is not multi-env)")...),
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if _, err := requireAppID(rctx.Str("app-id")); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ var AppsDBAuditDisable = common.Shortcut{
 		return common.NewDryRunAPI().
 			POST(appAuditSetPath(appID)).
 			Desc("Disable table audit").
-			Params(dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{})).
+			Params(map[string]interface{}{"env": dbEnv(rctx)}).
 			Body(map[string]interface{}{"table": strings.TrimSpace(rctx.Str("table")), "enabled": false})
 	},
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ var AppsDBAuditDisable = common.Shortcut{
 		}
 		table := strings.TrimSpace(rctx.Str("table"))
 		data, err := rctx.CallAPITyped("POST", appAuditSetPath(appID),
-			dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{}),
+			map[string]interface{}{"env": dbEnv(rctx)},
 			map[string]interface{}{"table": table, "enabled": false})
 		if err != nil {
 			return withAppsHint(err, dbAuditSetHint)
--- a/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_audit_status.go
+++ b/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_audit_status.go
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ var AppsDBAuditStatus = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: append([]common.Flag{
 		{Name: "app-id", Desc: "Miaoda app id", Required: true},
 		{Name: "table", Desc: "show status for a single table (default: all configured tables)"},
-	}, dbEnvFlags("", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment; leave unset to auto-select (multi-env app uses dev, single-env uses online), or pass dev/online")...),
+	}, dbEnvFlags("dev", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment (default dev; use online for the online environment, or for an app whose DB is not multi-env)")...),
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if _, err := requireAppID(rctx.Str("app-id")); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ var AppsDBAuditStatus = common.Shortcut{

 // buildAuditStatusParams 组装 audit_status 查询参数：env 及可选 table（单表查询）。
 func buildAuditStatusParams(rctx *common.RuntimeContext) map[string]interface{} {
-	params := dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{})
+	params := map[string]interface{}{"env": dbEnv(rctx)}
 	if t := strings.TrimSpace(rctx.Str("table")); t != "" {
 		params["table"] = t
 	}
--- a/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_changelog_list.go
+++ b/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_changelog_list.go
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ var AppsDBChangelogList = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "until", Desc: "filter: changed at or before; same formats as --since"},
 		{Name: "page-size", Type: "int", Default: "20", Desc: "page size"},
 		{Name: "page-token", Desc: "pagination cursor from previous response"},
-	}, dbEnvFlags("", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment; leave unset to auto-select (multi-env app uses dev, single-env uses online), or pass dev/online")...),
+	}, dbEnvFlags("dev", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment (default dev; use online for the online environment, or for an app whose DB is not multi-env)")...),
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if _, err := requireAppID(rctx.Str("app-id")); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -77,9 +77,10 @@ var AppsDBChangelogList = common.Shortcut{

 // buildChangelogParams 组装 changelog_list 查询参数：env / page_size 及可选 table/change_id/since/until/page_token。
 func buildChangelogParams(rctx *common.RuntimeContext) map[string]interface{} {
-	params := dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{
+	params := map[string]interface{}{
+		"env":       dbEnv(rctx),
 		"page_size": rctx.Int("page-size"),
-	})
+	}
 	addStr := func(flag, key string) {
 		if v := strings.TrimSpace(rctx.Str(flag)); v != "" {
 			params[key] = v
--- a/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_data_export.go
+++ b/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_data_export.go
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ var AppsDBDataExport = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "table", Desc: "source table", Required: true},
 		{Name: "output", Desc: "local output path; extension picks format .csv/.json/.sql (default: <table>.csv)"},
 		{Name: "limit", Type: "int", Default: "5000", Desc: "max rows to export (1..5000)"},
-	}, dbEnvFlags("", []string{"dev", "online"}, "source db environment; leave unset to auto-select (multi-env app uses dev, single-env uses online), or pass dev/online")...),
+	}, dbEnvFlags("dev", []string{"dev", "online"}, "source db environment (default dev; use online for the online environment, or for an app whose DB is not multi-env)")...),
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if _, err := requireAppID(rctx.Str("app-id")); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -75,10 +75,10 @@ var AppsDBDataExport = common.Shortcut{
 		return common.NewDryRunAPI().
 			GET(appDataExportPath(appID)).
 			Desc("Export Miaoda app table data (raw bytes)").
-			Params(dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{
-				"table":  strings.TrimSpace(rctx.Str("table")),
+			Params(map[string]interface{}{
+				"env": dbEnv(rctx), "table": strings.TrimSpace(rctx.Str("table")),
 				"format": format, "limit": rctx.Int("limit"),
-			}))
+			})
 	},
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		appID, err := requireAppID(rctx.Str("app-id"))
@@ -95,18 +95,15 @@ var AppsDBDataExport = common.Shortcut{
 		// total 查询失败不阻断导出——回退到按导出文件内容数行。
 		total, totalErr := queryExportTotal(rctx, appID, dbEnv(rctx), table)

-		exportQuery := larkcore.QueryParams{
-			"table":  []string{table},
-			"format": []string{format},
-			"limit":  []string{strconv.Itoa(rctx.Int("limit"))},
-		}
-		if env := dbEnv(rctx); env != "" {
-			exportQuery["env"] = []string{env}
-		}
 		resp, err := rctx.DoAPI(&larkcore.ApiReq{
-			HttpMethod:  http.MethodGet,
-			ApiPath:     appDataExportPath(appID),
-			QueryParams: exportQuery,
+			HttpMethod: http.MethodGet,
+			ApiPath:    appDataExportPath(appID),
+			QueryParams: larkcore.QueryParams{
+				"env":    []string{dbEnv(rctx)},
+				"table":  []string{table},
+				"format": []string{format},
+				"limit":  []string{strconv.Itoa(rctx.Int("limit"))},
+			},
 		})
 		if err != nil {
 			return withAppsHint(errs.NewNetworkError(errs.SubtypeNetworkTransport, "export request failed").WithCause(err).WithRetryable(), dbDataExportHint)
@@ -160,11 +157,8 @@ var AppsDBDataExport = common.Shortcut{
 // queryExportTotal 调 GetAppTableRecordList（page_size=1）取 total（符合条件的记录总数）。
 // 该接口与 +db-data-export 同为 spark:app:read scope，避免导出命令被迫升级到写权限。
 func queryExportTotal(rctx *common.RuntimeContext, appID, env, table string) (int, error) {
-	params := map[string]interface{}{"page_size": 1}
-	if env != "" {
-		params["env"] = env
-	}
-	raw, err := rctx.CallAPITyped("GET", appTableRecordsPath(appID, table), params, nil)
+	raw, err := rctx.CallAPITyped("GET", appTableRecordsPath(appID, table),
+		map[string]interface{}{"env": env, "page_size": 1}, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
--- a/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_data_import.go
+++ b/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_data_import.go
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ var AppsDBDataImport = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "app-id", Desc: "Miaoda app id", Required: true},
 		{Name: "file", Desc: "local data file (.csv/.json), relative to cwd", Required: true},
 		{Name: "table", Desc: "target table (default: file name without extension)"},
-	}, dbEnvFlags("", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment; leave unset to auto-select (multi-env app uses dev, single-env uses online), or pass dev/online")...),
+	}, dbEnvFlags("dev", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment (default dev; use online for the online environment, or for an app whose DB is not multi-env)")...),
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if _, err := requireAppID(rctx.Str("app-id")); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ var AppsDBDataImport = common.Shortcut{
 		return common.NewDryRunAPI().
 			POST(appDataImportPath(appID)).
 			Desc("Import data file into Miaoda app table (multipart upload)").
-			Params(dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{"table": importTableName(rctx)})).
+			Params(map[string]interface{}{"env": dbEnv(rctx), "table": importTableName(rctx)}).
 			Body(map[string]interface{}{"file_name": fileName, "file": "<contents of --file>"})
 	},
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
@@ -100,14 +100,10 @@ var AppsDBDataImport = common.Shortcut{
 		fd.AddField("file_name", fileName)
 		fd.AddFile("file", bytes.NewReader(content))

-		importQuery := larkcore.QueryParams{"table": []string{table}}
-		if env := dbEnv(rctx); env != "" {
-			importQuery["env"] = []string{env}
-		}
 		resp, err := rctx.DoAPI(&larkcore.ApiReq{
 			HttpMethod:  http.MethodPost,
 			ApiPath:     appDataImportPath(appID),
-			QueryParams: importQuery,
+			QueryParams: larkcore.QueryParams{"env": []string{dbEnv(rctx)}, "table": []string{table}},
 			Body:        fd,
 		}, larkcore.WithFileUpload())
 		if err != nil {
--- a/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_data_import_test.go
+++ b/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_data_import_test.go
@@ -121,31 +121,6 @@ func TestAppsDBDataImport_DryRunMultipartShape(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-// TestAppsDBDataImport_DryRunOmitsEnvWhenUnset 验证不传 --environment 时 dry-run 的 query
-// 不带 env 键（交服务端按应用形态自动选分支），但仍携带 table。
-func TestAppsDBDataImport_DryRunOmitsEnvWhenUnset(t *testing.T) {
-	chdirTemp(t)
-	_ = os.WriteFile("orders.csv", []byte("id\n1\n"), 0o600)
-	factory, stdout, _ := newAppsExecuteFactory(t)
-	if err := runAppsShortcut(t, AppsDBDataImport,
-		[]string{"+db-data-import", "--app-id", "app_x", "--file", "orders.csv", "--dry-run", "--yes", "--as", "user"}, factory, stdout); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("dry-run err=%v", err)
-	}
-	var env struct {
-		API []struct {
-			Params map[string]interface{} `json:"params"`
-		} `json:"api"`
-	}
-	_ = json.Unmarshal([]byte(stdout.String()), &env)
-	p := env.API[0].Params
-	if _, ok := p["env"]; ok {
-		t.Fatalf("no --environment → env key must be omitted, got params=%v", p)
-	}
-	if p["table"] != "orders" {
-		t.Fatalf("table should still default to file basename, got params=%v", p)
-	}
-}
-
 // TestAppsDBDataImport_Success 验证成功导入后输出含 table、rows 与回显的 file 名。
 func TestAppsDBDataImport_Success(t *testing.T) {
 	chdirTemp(t)
--- a/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_env_migrate.go
+++ b/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_env_migrate.go
@@ -97,16 +97,6 @@ var AppsDBEnvMigrate = common.Shortcut{
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		// 先 dry_run 预览拿待发布变更数（对齐 miaoda-cli 的 diff-then-apply）：服务端在未经
-		// dry_run 预热时直接 apply，虽发布成功却把 changes_applied 回填成 0（展示「Migrated (0 changes)」）。
-		// 这一步既预热服务端计数、又作为 apply 仍回 0 时的兜底数。dry_run 报错（如无待发布变更）不阻断，
-		// 交由下面真实 apply 统一报同样的业务错。
-		pending := 0
-		var previewFrom, previewTo string
-		if preview, perr := rctx.CallAPITyped("POST", appEnvMigratePath(appID), nil, map[string]interface{}{"dry_run": true}); perr == nil {
-			pending = len(projectMigrationChanges(preview["changes"]))
-			previewFrom, previewTo = common.GetString(preview, "from"), common.GetString(preview, "to")
-		}
 		stop := rctx.StartSpinner("Applying migration (dev → online)")
 		defer stop()
 		submit, err := rctx.CallAPITyped("POST", appEnvMigratePath(appID), nil, map[string]interface{}{"dry_run": false})
@@ -114,12 +104,6 @@ var AppsDBEnvMigrate = common.Shortcut{
 			return withAppsHint(err, dbEnvMigrateHint)
 		}
 		from, to := common.GetString(submit, "from"), common.GetString(submit, "to")
-		if from == "" {
-			from = previewFrom
-		}
-		if to == "" {
-			to = previewTo
-		}
 		taskID := common.GetString(submit, "task_id")
 		applied := intFromAny(submit["changes_applied"])
 		if applied == 0 {
@@ -147,10 +131,6 @@ var AppsDBEnvMigrate = common.Shortcut{
 				applied = n
 			}
 		}
-		// 服务端把发布成功的变更数回 0 时，用发布前 dry_run 预览的 pending 数兜底，避免误显示「(0 changes)」。
-		if applied == 0 && pending > 0 {
-			applied = pending
-		}
 		stop() // clear spinner before printing the result
 		out := map[string]interface{}{"status": "migrated", "from": from, "to": to, "changes_applied": applied}
 		rctx.OutFormat(out, nil, func(w io.Writer) {
--- a/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_env_recovery_quota_test.go
+++ b/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_env_recovery_quota_test.go
@@ -105,10 +105,8 @@ func TestAppsDBEnvMigrate_DryRunBody(t *testing.T) {
 // 异步：submit 返 task_id，status 立刻 applied → CLI 对外统一 migrated。
 func TestAppsDBEnvMigrate_AsyncPollSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 	factory, stdout, reg := newAppsExecuteFactory(t)
-	// Reusable：Execute 现在会先打一次 dry_run 预览拿待发布数、再打 apply（对齐 miaoda-cli 的
-	// diff-then-apply，兜底服务端 apply 少报 changes_applied 的情况），故同一 POST 端点被调用两次。
 	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "POST", URL: dbEnvMigrateURL, Reusable: true,
+		Method: "POST", URL: dbEnvMigrateURL,
 		Body: map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{"from": "dev", "to": "online", "task_id": "t1"}},
 	})
 	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
@@ -128,10 +126,8 @@ func TestAppsDBEnvMigrate_AsyncPollSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 // TestAppsDBEnvMigrate_PollFailedSurfacesError 验证轮询到 failed 时返回 API/server_error 类型错误，携带服务端 message 与恢复 hint。
 func TestAppsDBEnvMigrate_PollFailedSurfacesError(t *testing.T) {
 	factory, stdout, reg := newAppsExecuteFactory(t)
-	// Reusable：Execute 现在会先打一次 dry_run 预览拿待发布数、再打 apply（对齐 miaoda-cli 的
-	// diff-then-apply，兜底服务端 apply 少报 changes_applied 的情况），故同一 POST 端点被调用两次。
 	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "POST", URL: dbEnvMigrateURL, Reusable: true,
+		Method: "POST", URL: dbEnvMigrateURL,
 		Body: map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{"from": "dev", "to": "online", "task_id": "t1"}},
 	})
 	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
@@ -323,31 +319,6 @@ func TestAppsDBQuotaGet_WithQuotaPretty(t *testing.T) {
 }

 // 配额未对接（storage_quota_bytes=0）→ json 删 quota/usage_percent，仅留已用量与 tables/views。
-// TestAppsDBQuotaGet_DryRunOmitsEnvWhenUnset 验证不传 --environment 时 quota-get 的 dry-run
-// query 不带 env 键（交服务端按应用形态自动选分支）。
-func TestAppsDBQuotaGet_DryRunOmitsEnvWhenUnset(t *testing.T) {
-	factory, stdout, _ := newAppsExecuteFactory(t)
-	if err := runAppsShortcut(t, AppsDBQuotaGet,
-		[]string{"+db-quota-get", "--app-id", "app_x", "--dry-run", "--as", "user"}, factory, stdout); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("dry-run err=%v", err)
-	}
-	var env struct {
-		API []struct {
-			Method string                 `json:"method"`
-			URL    string                 `json:"url"`
-			Params map[string]interface{} `json:"params"`
-		} `json:"api"`
-	}
-	_ = json.Unmarshal([]byte(stdout.String()), &env)
-	a := env.API[0]
-	if a.Method != "GET" || a.URL != dbQuotaURL {
-		t.Fatalf("dry-run = %s %s", a.Method, a.URL)
-	}
-	if _, ok := a.Params["env"]; ok {
-		t.Fatalf("no --environment → env key must be omitted, got params=%v", a.Params)
-	}
-}
-
 func TestAppsDBQuotaGet_NoQuotaOmitsFields(t *testing.T) {
 	factory, stdout, reg := newAppsExecuteFactory(t)
 	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
--- a/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_execute.go
+++ b/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_execute.go
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ var AppsDBExecute = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "sql", Desc: "SQL text; use - to read stdin. Mutually exclusive with --file",
 			Input: []string{common.Stdin}},
 		{Name: "file", Desc: "path to a .sql file (relative to cwd). Mutually exclusive with --sql"},
-	}, dbEnvFlags("", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment; leave unset to auto-select (multi-env app uses dev, single-env uses online), or pass dev/online")...),
+	}, dbEnvFlags("dev", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment (default dev; use online for the online environment, or for an app whose DB is not multi-env)")...),
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if _, err := requireAppID(rctx.Str("app-id")); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -291,9 +291,10 @@ func parseErrorSentinel(data string) (int, string) {
 //
 // CLI 永远走 DBA 模式，原子性由用户在 SQL 内显式 BEGIN/COMMIT 控制；不暴露 transactional flag 给用户。
 func buildDBSQLParams(rctx *common.RuntimeContext) map[string]interface{} {
-	return dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{
+	return map[string]interface{}{
+		"env":           dbEnv(rctx),
 		"transactional": false,
-	})
+	}
 }

 // resolveExecuteSQL 返回要执行的 SQL，在用时（DryRun/Execute）现读，使 --file 的内容
--- a/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_quota_get.go
+++ b/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_quota_get.go
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ var AppsDBQuotaGet = common.Shortcut{
 	HasFormat: true,
 	Flags: append([]common.Flag{
 		{Name: "app-id", Desc: "Miaoda app id", Required: true},
-	}, dbEnvFlags("", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment; leave unset to auto-select (multi-env app uses dev, single-env uses online), or pass dev/online")...),
+	}, dbEnvFlags("dev", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment (default dev; use online for the online environment, or for an app whose DB is not multi-env)")...),
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if _, err := requireAppID(rctx.Str("app-id")); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -41,14 +41,14 @@ var AppsDBQuotaGet = common.Shortcut{
 		return common.NewDryRunAPI().
 			GET(appDbQuotaPath(appID)).
 			Desc("Get Miaoda app database storage usage").
-			Params(dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{}))
+			Params(map[string]interface{}{"env": dbEnv(rctx)})
 	},
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		appID, err := requireAppID(rctx.Str("app-id"))
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		data, err := rctx.CallAPITyped("GET", appDbQuotaPath(appID), dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{}), nil)
+		data, err := rctx.CallAPITyped("GET", appDbQuotaPath(appID), map[string]interface{}{"env": dbEnv(rctx)}, nil)
 		if err != nil {
 			return withAppsHint(err, appIDListHint)
 		}
--- a/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_recovery.go
+++ b/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_recovery.go
@@ -32,23 +32,19 @@ var AppsDBRecoveryDiff = common.Shortcut{
 	Scopes:    []string{"spark:app:write"},
 	AuthTypes: []string{"user"},
 	HasFormat: true,
-	Flags: append([]common.Flag{
+	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		{Name: "app-id", Desc: "Miaoda app id", Required: true},
 		{Name: "target", Desc: "point in time to restore to; relative (2h/3d) | date | datetime | ISO 8601 w/ TZ", Required: true},
-	}, dbEnvFlags("", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment; leave unset to auto-select (multi-env app uses dev, single-env uses online), or pass dev/online")...),
+	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if _, err := requireAppID(rctx.Str("app-id")); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		if err := rejectLegacyEnvFlag(rctx); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
 		return normalizeTimeFlags(rctx, "target")
 	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
 		appID, _ := requireAppID(rctx.Str("app-id"))
 		return common.NewDryRunAPI().POST(appRecoveryPath(appID)).Desc("Preview PITR recovery").
-			Params(dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{})).
 			Body(map[string]interface{}{"target": rctx.Str("target"), "dry_run": true})
 	},
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
@@ -85,23 +81,19 @@ var AppsDBRecoveryApply = common.Shortcut{
 	Scopes:    []string{"spark:app:write"},
 	AuthTypes: []string{"user"},
 	HasFormat: true,
-	Flags: append([]common.Flag{
+	Flags: []common.Flag{
 		{Name: "app-id", Desc: "Miaoda app id", Required: true},
 		{Name: "target", Desc: "point in time to restore to; relative (2h/3d) | date | datetime | ISO 8601 w/ TZ", Required: true},
-	}, dbEnvFlags("", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment; leave unset to auto-select (multi-env app uses dev, single-env uses online), or pass dev/online")...),
+	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if _, err := requireAppID(rctx.Str("app-id")); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		if err := rejectLegacyEnvFlag(rctx); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
 		return normalizeTimeFlags(rctx, "target")
 	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
 		appID, _ := requireAppID(rctx.Str("app-id"))
 		return common.NewDryRunAPI().POST(appRecoveryPath(appID)).Desc("Apply PITR recovery").
-			Params(dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{})).
 			Body(map[string]interface{}{"target": rctx.Str("target"), "dry_run": false})
 	},
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
@@ -112,7 +104,7 @@ var AppsDBRecoveryApply = common.Shortcut{
 		target := rctx.Str("target")
 		stop := rctx.StartSpinner("Restoring database (target: " + target + ")")
 		defer stop()
-		submit, err := rctx.CallAPITyped("POST", appRecoveryPath(appID), dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{}), map[string]interface{}{"target": target, "dry_run": false})
+		submit, err := rctx.CallAPITyped("POST", appRecoveryPath(appID), nil, map[string]interface{}{"target": target, "dry_run": false})
 		if err != nil {
 			return withAppsHint(err, dbRecoveryHint)
 		}
@@ -127,7 +119,7 @@ var AppsDBRecoveryApply = common.Shortcut{
 		}
 		final, perr := pollUntil(rctx.Ctx(), 2*time.Second, 2*time.Minute,
 			func() (map[string]interface{}, error) {
-				return rctx.CallAPITyped("GET", appRecoveryApplyStatusPath(appID), dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{}), nil)
+				return rctx.CallAPITyped("GET", appRecoveryApplyStatusPath(appID), nil, nil)
 			},
 			func(d map[string]interface{}) (bool, error) {
 				switch strings.ToLower(common.GetString(d, "status")) {
@@ -165,7 +157,7 @@ var AppsDBRecoveryApply = common.Shortcut{
 func runRecoveryPreview(rctx *common.RuntimeContext, appID, target string) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
 	stop := rctx.StartSpinner("Previewing recovery impact (target: " + target + ")")
 	defer stop()
-	submit, err := rctx.CallAPITyped("POST", appRecoveryPath(appID), dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{}), map[string]interface{}{"target": target, "dry_run": true})
+	submit, err := rctx.CallAPITyped("POST", appRecoveryPath(appID), nil, map[string]interface{}{"target": target, "dry_run": true})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, withAppsHint(err, dbRecoveryHint)
 	}
@@ -175,7 +167,7 @@ func runRecoveryPreview(rctx *common.RuntimeContext, appID, target string) (map[
 	}
 	return pollUntil(rctx.Ctx(), 1*time.Second, 2*time.Minute,
 		func() (map[string]interface{}, error) {
-			return rctx.CallAPITyped("GET", appRecoveryDiffStatusPath(appID), dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{"preview_request_id": prid}), nil)
+			return rctx.CallAPITyped("GET", appRecoveryDiffStatusPath(appID), map[string]interface{}{"preview_request_id": prid}, nil)
 		},
 		func(d map[string]interface{}) (bool, error) {
 			switch strings.ToLower(common.GetString(d, "preview_status")) {
@@ -203,13 +195,13 @@ type recoveryChange struct {
 // recoveryDiffOutput 组装 diff 输出：target / tables_affected / changes[] / estimated_seconds。
 func recoveryDiffOutput(target string, preview map[string]interface{}) map[string]interface{} {
 	arr, _ := preview["changes"].([]interface{})
-	raw := make([]recoveryChange, 0, len(arr))
+	changes := make([]recoveryChange, 0, len(arr))
 	for _, it := range arr {
 		m, ok := it.(map[string]interface{})
 		if !ok {
 			continue
 		}
-		raw = append(raw, recoveryChange{
+		changes = append(changes, recoveryChange{
 			Table:     common.GetString(m, "table"),
 			Inserted:  m["inserted"],
 			Deleted:   m["deleted"],
@@ -217,33 +209,16 @@ func recoveryDiffOutput(target string, preview map[string]interface{}) map[strin
 			DroppedAt: common.GetString(m, "dropped_at"),
 		})
 	}
-	// 服务端可能对同一张表既下发 schema 动作(drop/restore/alter)、又下发纯数据行变更。
-	// schema 动作已涵盖数据结果(如 drop 隐含删光行)，丢弃该表的冗余数据行那条，避免同表
-	// 两行 + tables_affected 翻倍。
-	hasSchema := map[string]bool{}
-	for _, c := range raw {
-		if c.Action != "" {
-			hasSchema[c.Table] = true
-		}
-	}
-	changes := make([]recoveryChange, 0, len(raw))
-	for _, c := range raw {
-		if c.Action == "" && hasSchema[c.Table] {
-			continue
-		}
-		changes = append(changes, c)
-	}
-	// tables_affected 按去重后的不同表数计(而非变更条数)。
-	seen := map[string]bool{}
-	for _, c := range changes {
-		seen[c.Table] = true
+	tablesAffected := intFromAny(preview["tables_affected"])
+	if tablesAffected == 0 {
+		tablesAffected = len(changes)
 	}
 	est := intFromAny(preview["estimated_seconds"])
 	if est == 0 {
 		est = 30 // PRD 兜底
 	}
 	return map[string]interface{}{
-		"target": target, "tables_affected": len(seen),
+		"target": target, "tables_affected": tablesAffected,
 		"changes": changes, "estimated_seconds": est,
 	}
 }
--- a/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_table_get.go
+++ b/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_table_get.go
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ var AppsDBTableGet = common.Shortcut{
 	Flags: append([]common.Flag{
 		{Name: "app-id", Desc: "app id", Required: true},
 		{Name: "table", Desc: "table name", Required: true},
-	}, dbEnvFlags("", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment; leave unset to auto-select (multi-env app uses dev, single-env uses online), or pass dev/online")...),
+	}, dbEnvFlags("dev", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment (default dev; use online for the online environment, or for an app whose DB is not multi-env)")...),
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if _, err := requireAppID(rctx.Str("app-id")); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ var AppsDBTableGet = common.Shortcut{
 // CLI 检测 rctx.Format == "pretty" 时给 server 带 format=ddl，要求返 CREATE 语句文本；
 // 其他 format（含默认 json）不传该参数，让 server 返默认结构化字段。
 func buildDBTableGetParams(rctx *common.RuntimeContext) map[string]interface{} {
-	params := dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{})
+	params := map[string]interface{}{"env": dbEnv(rctx)}
 	if rctx.Format == "pretty" {
 		params["format"] = "ddl"
 	}
--- a/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_table_list.go
+++ b/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_table_list.go
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"strconv"
 	"strings"

 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
@@ -43,7 +42,7 @@ var AppsDBTableList = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "app-id", Desc: "app id", Required: true},
 		{Name: "page-size", Type: "int", Default: "20", Desc: "page size"},
 		{Name: "page-token", Desc: "pagination cursor from previous response"},
-	}, dbEnvFlags("", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment; leave unset to auto-select (multi-env app uses dev, single-env uses online), or pass dev/online")...),
+	}, dbEnvFlags("dev", []string{"dev", "online"}, "target db environment (default dev; use online for the online environment, or for an app whose DB is not multi-env)")...),
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		if _, err := requireAppID(rctx.Str("app-id")); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -111,9 +110,10 @@ func projectTableListItems(raw interface{}) []dbTableListItem {
 }

 func buildDBTableListParams(rctx *common.RuntimeContext) map[string]interface{} {
-	params := dbEnvParams(rctx, map[string]interface{}{
+	params := map[string]interface{}{
+		"env":       dbEnv(rctx),
 		"page_size": rctx.Int("page-size"),
-	})
+	}
 	if token := strings.TrimSpace(rctx.Str("page-token")); token != "" {
 		params["page_token"] = token
 	}
@@ -286,17 +286,6 @@ func numericAsFloat(raw interface{}) (float64, bool) {
 			return 0, false
 		}
 		return f, true
-	case string:
-		// 服务端有些数值字段（如 recovery diff 的 inserted/deleted 行数）以字符串下发。
-		s := strings.TrimSpace(v)
-		if s == "" {
-			return 0, false
-		}
-		f, err := strconv.ParseFloat(s, 64)
-		if err != nil {
-			return 0, false
-		}
-		return f, true
 	case nil:
 		return 0, false
 	}
--- a/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_table_list_test.go
+++ b/shortcuts/apps/apps_db_table_list_test.go
@@ -236,11 +236,7 @@ func TestNumericAsFloat_AllTypes(t *testing.T) {
 		{"json.Number valid", json.Number("13.5"), 13.5, true},
 		{"json.Number invalid", json.Number("abc"), 0, false},
 		{"nil", nil, 0, false},
-		{"non-numeric string", "x", 0, false},
-		{"numeric string", "13.5", 13.5, true},
-		{"numeric string int", "2", 2, true},
-		{"numeric string padded", " 13.5 ", 13.5, true},
-		{"empty string", "", 0, false},
+		{"unsupported string", "x", 0, false},
 	}
 	for _, c := range cases {
 		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
--- a/shortcuts/apps/db_common.go
+++ b/shortcuts/apps/db_common.go
@@ -34,16 +34,6 @@ func dbEnv(rctx *common.RuntimeContext) string {
 	return rctx.Str("environment")
 }

-// dbEnvParams 把 env 并入 params：仅当显式指定了环境（非空）才带 env 键；未指定（空）时
-// 省略该键，由服务端按应用多环境状态自动选分支（多环境→dev，单环境→online）。与家族对
-// 空可选参数的 omit-empty 约定一致——不发空串，wire 上真正不带 env。原样返回同一个 map 便于链式。
-func dbEnvParams(rctx *common.RuntimeContext, params map[string]interface{}) map[string]interface{} {
-	if env := dbEnv(rctx); env != "" {
-		params["env"] = env
-	}
-	return params
-}
-
 // rejectLegacyEnvFlag 在 Validate 阶段拦截已移除的 --env：显式传了就报清晰的 validation 错，指向 --environment。
 func rejectLegacyEnvFlag(rctx *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 	if rctx.Changed("env") {
--- a/shortcuts/base/record_json_shorthand_test.go
+++ b/shortcuts/base/record_json_shorthand_test.go
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package base
-
-import (
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/cmdutil"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
-)
-
-func mountBaseShortcutFlags(t *testing.T, s common.Shortcut, name string) *cobra.Command {
-	t.Helper()
-	parent := &cobra.Command{Use: "test"}
-	s.Mount(parent, &cmdutil.Factory{})
-	cmd, _, err := parent.Find([]string{name})
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("Find(%s) error = %v", name, err)
-	}
-	return cmd
-}
-
-// record-list 获得 --json 简写
-func TestRecordListRegistersJSONShorthand(t *testing.T) {
-	cmd := mountBaseShortcutFlags(t, BaseRecordList, "+record-list")
-	fl := cmd.Flags().Lookup("json")
-	if fl == nil {
-		t.Fatal("+record-list missing --json shorthand")
-	}
-	if fl.Usage != "shorthand for --format json" {
-		t.Errorf("usage = %q, want shorthand", fl.Usage)
-	}
-	if def := cmd.Flags().Lookup("format").DefValue; def != "markdown" {
-		t.Errorf("format default = %q, want markdown (unchanged)", def)
-	}
-}
-
-// record-search / record-get 的 --json 保持请求体语义，不被覆盖（回归锚点）
-func TestRecordSearchGetKeepRequestBodyJSON(t *testing.T) {
-	for _, tc := range []struct {
-		name     string
-		shortcut common.Shortcut
-		cmdName  string
-	}{
-		{"record-search", BaseRecordSearch, "+record-search"},
-		{"record-get", BaseRecordGet, "+record-get"},
-	} {
-		cmd := mountBaseShortcutFlags(t, tc.shortcut, tc.cmdName)
-		fl := cmd.Flags().Lookup("json")
-		if fl == nil {
-			t.Fatalf("%s: --json (request body) missing", tc.name)
-		}
-		if strings.Contains(fl.Usage, "shorthand") {
-			t.Fatalf("%s: request-body --json overwritten by shorthand: %q", tc.name, fl.Usage)
-		}
-		if fl.Value.Type() != "string" {
-			t.Fatalf("%s: --json type = %q, want string", tc.name, fl.Value.Type())
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// Enum 已接入：help 描述携带枚举后缀（框架对带 Enum 的 flag 自动追加 " (markdown|json)"）
-func TestRecordReadFormatFlagCarriesEnum(t *testing.T) {
-	cmd := mountBaseShortcutFlags(t, BaseRecordList, "+record-list")
-	usage := cmd.Flags().Lookup("format").Usage
-	if !strings.Contains(usage, "(markdown|json)") {
-		t.Fatalf("format usage missing enum suffix: %q", usage)
-	}
-}
--- a/shortcuts/base/record_list.go
+++ b/shortcuts/base/record_list.go
@@ -85,7 +85,6 @@ func recordReadFormatFlag() common.Flag {
 	return common.Flag{
 		Name:    "format",
 		Default: "markdown",
-		Enum:    []string{"markdown", "json"},
 		Desc:    "output format: markdown (default) | json",
 	}
 }
--- a/shortcuts/common/runner.go
+++ b/shortcuts/common/runner.go
@@ -889,7 +889,6 @@ func (s Shortcut) mountDeclarative(ctx context.Context, parent *cobra.Command, f
 		}
 	}
 	cmdmeta.SetSource(cmd, cmdmeta.SourceShortcut, false)
-	cmdmeta.SetAffordanceRef(cmd, shortcut.Service, shortcut.Command)
 	cmdutil.SetSupportedIdentities(cmd, shortcut.AuthTypes)
 	registerShortcutFlagsWithContext(ctx, cmd, f, &shortcut)
 	cmdutil.SetTips(cmd, shortcut.Tips)
@@ -1027,7 +1026,6 @@ func newRuntimeContext(cmd *cobra.Command, f *cmdutil.Factory, s *Shortcut, conf
 	}
 	rctx.larkSDK = sdk

-	applyJSONShorthand(cmd, s)
 	rctx.Format = rctx.Str("format")
 	rctx.JqExpr, _ = cmd.Flags().GetString("jq")
 	return rctx, nil
@@ -1173,75 +1171,6 @@ func registerShortcutFlags(cmd *cobra.Command, f *cmdutil.Factory, s *Shortcut)
 	registerShortcutFlagsWithContext(context.Background(), cmd, f, s)
 }

-// shortcutDeclaresJSONFlag reports whether the shortcut itself declares a flag
-// named "json" in its Flags list (custom semantics, e.g. event +subscribe's
-// pretty-print switch or base +record-search's request-body payload).
-// Framework-injected flags never appear in s.Flags, so this cleanly separates
-// "self-declared json" from "injected shorthand".
-func shortcutDeclaresJSONFlag(s *Shortcut) bool {
-	for _, fl := range s.Flags {
-		if fl.Name == "json" {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-// shortcutFormatSupportsJSON reports whether the command's format flag accepts
-// "json": a self-declared format supports it only when its Enum lists "json";
-// a framework-injected default format (no format entry in s.Flags) always does.
-func shortcutFormatSupportsJSON(s *Shortcut) bool {
-	for _, fl := range s.Flags {
-		if fl.Name == "format" {
-			return slices.Contains(fl.Enum, "json")
-		}
-	}
-	return true // framework-injected: json (default) | pretty | table | ndjson | csv
-}
-
-// ensureJSONShorthand registers --json as a shorthand for --format json when:
-//  1. the command has a format flag (self-declared or framework-injected), AND
-//  2. that format supports "json" (see shortcutFormatSupportsJSON), AND
-//  3. no flag named "json" is registered yet — pflag panics on duplicate
-//     registration, and commands that declare their own --json (event
-//     +subscribe, base +record-search/-get) keep their custom semantics.
-func ensureJSONShorthand(cmd *cobra.Command, s *Shortcut) {
-	// A shortcut that declares its own "json" flag defines custom semantics
-	// (e.g. pretty-print switch, request-body payload) — never a shorthand.
-	if shortcutDeclaresJSONFlag(s) {
-		return
-	}
-	if cmd.Flags().Lookup("format") == nil {
-		return
-	}
-	if !shortcutFormatSupportsJSON(s) {
-		return
-	}
-	// Safety net: pflag panics on duplicate registration.
-	if cmd.Flags().Lookup("json") != nil {
-		return
-	}
-	cmd.Flags().Bool("json", false, "shorthand for --format json")
-}
-
-// applyJSONShorthand folds the injected --json shorthand into the format flag
-// itself, before rctx.Format caches it — so both the cached value (OutFormat,
-// ValidateJqFlags, dry-run) and later runtime.Str("format") reads observe
-// "json". An explicitly passed --format always wins over the shorthand (the
-// shorthand only fills in when the user did not choose a format). Shortcuts
-// that declare their own "json" flag keep its custom semantics untouched.
-func applyJSONShorthand(cmd *cobra.Command, s *Shortcut) {
-	if shortcutDeclaresJSONFlag(s) {
-		return
-	}
-	if cmd.Flags().Lookup("json") == nil || cmd.Flags().Changed("format") {
-		return
-	}
-	if set, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("json"); set {
-		_ = cmd.Flags().Set("format", "json")
-	}
-}
-
 func registerShortcutFlagsWithContext(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command, f *cmdutil.Factory, s *Shortcut) {
 	for _, fl := range s.Flags {
 		desc := fl.Desc
@@ -1305,8 +1234,10 @@ func registerShortcutFlagsWithContext(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command, f
 		cmdutil.RegisterFlagCompletion(cmd, "format", func(_ *cobra.Command, _ []string, _ string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
 			return []string{"json", "pretty", "table", "ndjson", "csv"}, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
 		})
+		if cmd.Flags().Lookup("json") == nil {
+			cmd.Flags().Bool("json", false, "shorthand for --format json")
+		}
 	}
-	ensureJSONShorthand(cmd, s)
 	if s.Risk == "high-risk-write" {
 		cmd.Flags().Bool("yes", false, "confirm high-risk operation")
 	}
--- a/shortcuts/common/runner_json_shorthand_test.go
+++ b/shortcuts/common/runner_json_shorthand_test.go
@@ -1,200 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package common
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/cmdutil"
-)
-
-const jsonShorthandUsage = "shorthand for --format json"
-
-func mountTestShortcut(t *testing.T, s Shortcut) *cobra.Command {
-	t.Helper()
-	f, _, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, nil)
-	parent := &cobra.Command{Use: "root"}
-	s.Mount(parent, f)
-	cmd, _, err := parent.Find([]string{s.Command})
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("Find() error = %v", err)
-	}
-	return cmd
-}
-
-// 自定义 format 且 Enum 含 json → 注册简写（本次修复的核心行为）
-func TestJSONShorthand_CustomFormatWithJSONEnum_Registered(t *testing.T) {
-	cmd := mountTestShortcut(t, Shortcut{
-		Service: "mail", Command: "+fake-triage", Description: "x",
-		Flags:   []Flag{{Name: "format", Default: "table", Enum: []string{"table", "json", "data"}, Desc: "fmt"}},
-		Execute: func(context.Context, *RuntimeContext) error { return nil },
-	})
-	fl := cmd.Flags().Lookup("json")
-	if fl == nil {
-		t.Fatal("--json not registered for custom-format shortcut whose Enum contains json")
-	}
-	if fl.Usage != jsonShorthandUsage {
-		t.Errorf("usage = %q, want %q", fl.Usage, jsonShorthandUsage)
-	}
-	// 默认输出格式不被改变
-	if def := cmd.Flags().Lookup("format").DefValue; def != "table" {
-		t.Errorf("format default = %q, want table", def)
-	}
-}
-
-// 自定义 format 但 Enum 不含 json → 不注册
-func TestJSONShorthand_CustomFormatWithoutJSONEnum_NotRegistered(t *testing.T) {
-	cmd := mountTestShortcut(t, Shortcut{
-		Service: "x", Command: "+no-json", Description: "x",
-		Flags:   []Flag{{Name: "format", Default: "csv", Enum: []string{"csv", "table"}, Desc: "fmt"}},
-		Execute: func(context.Context, *RuntimeContext) error { return nil },
-	})
-	if cmd.Flags().Lookup("json") != nil {
-		t.Fatal("--json must NOT be registered when format Enum lacks json")
-	}
-}
-
-// 自定义 format 但无 Enum（现状 triage 形态）→ 不注册（Enum 是判定依据）
-func TestJSONShorthand_CustomFormatNoEnum_NotRegistered(t *testing.T) {
-	cmd := mountTestShortcut(t, Shortcut{
-		Service: "x", Command: "+legacy", Description: "x",
-		Flags:   []Flag{{Name: "format", Default: "table", Desc: "fmt"}},
-		Execute: func(context.Context, *RuntimeContext) error { return nil },
-	})
-	if cmd.Flags().Lookup("json") != nil {
-		t.Fatal("--json must NOT be registered when format has no Enum metadata")
-	}
-}
-
-// 自声明 json flag（subscribe 的 pretty / record-search 的请求体）→ 不覆盖、不 panic、语义保留
-func TestJSONShorthand_SelfDeclaredJSON_Preserved(t *testing.T) {
-	cmd := mountTestShortcut(t, Shortcut{
-		Service: "event", Command: "+fake-subscribe", Description: "x",
-		Flags: []Flag{
-			{Name: "json", Type: "bool", Desc: "pretty-print JSON instead of NDJSON"},
-		},
-		Execute: func(context.Context, *RuntimeContext) error { return nil },
-	})
-	fl := cmd.Flags().Lookup("json")
-	if fl == nil {
-		t.Fatal("self-declared --json missing")
-	}
-	if fl.Usage != "pretty-print JSON instead of NDJSON" {
-		t.Errorf("self-declared --json usage overwritten: %q", fl.Usage)
-	}
-}
-
-// parseMounted mounts the shortcut and parses args against the command's FlagSet
-// (registration side effects included), without executing RunE.
-func parseMounted(t *testing.T, s Shortcut, args []string) *cobra.Command {
-	t.Helper()
-	cmd := mountTestShortcut(t, s)
-	if err := cmd.ParseFlags(args); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("ParseFlags(%v) error = %v", args, err)
-	}
-	return cmd
-}
-
-func customFormatShortcut() Shortcut {
-	return Shortcut{
-		Service: "mail", Command: "+fake-triage", Description: "x",
-		Flags:   []Flag{{Name: "format", Default: "table", Enum: []string{"table", "json", "data"}, Desc: "fmt"}},
-		Execute: func(context.Context, *RuntimeContext) error { return nil },
-	}
-}
-
-// --json 单独使用 → format 归一化为 json
-func TestApplyJSONShorthand_JSONAlone_SetsFormatJSON(t *testing.T) {
-	s := customFormatShortcut()
-	cmd := parseMounted(t, s, []string{"--json"})
-	applyJSONShorthand(cmd, &s)
-	if got := cmd.Flags().Lookup("format").Value.String(); got != "json" {
-		t.Fatalf("format = %q, want json", got)
-	}
-}
-
-// 显式 --format 优先于 --json 简写：--format table --json → table
-func TestApplyJSONShorthand_ExplicitFormatWins(t *testing.T) {
-	s := customFormatShortcut()
-	cmd := parseMounted(t, s, []string{"--format", "table", "--json"})
-	applyJSONShorthand(cmd, &s)
-	if got := cmd.Flags().Lookup("format").Value.String(); got != "table" {
-		t.Fatalf("format = %q, want table (explicit --format must win)", got)
-	}
-}
-
-// --format json --json → json（一致，无冲突）
-func TestApplyJSONShorthand_ExplicitJSONFormatConsistent(t *testing.T) {
-	s := customFormatShortcut()
-	cmd := parseMounted(t, s, []string{"--format", "json", "--json"})
-	applyJSONShorthand(cmd, &s)
-	if got := cmd.Flags().Lookup("format").Value.String(); got != "json" {
-		t.Fatalf("format = %q, want json", got)
-	}
-}
-
-// 均不传 → 默认值不变
-func TestApplyJSONShorthand_NoFlags_DefaultUntouched(t *testing.T) {
-	s := customFormatShortcut()
-	cmd := parseMounted(t, s, nil)
-	applyJSONShorthand(cmd, &s)
-	if got := cmd.Flags().Lookup("format").Value.String(); got != "table" {
-		t.Fatalf("format = %q, want table (default untouched)", got)
-	}
-}
-
-// 自声明 string 型 --json（record-search 形态：format+json 双声明）→ 归一化跳过
-func TestApplyJSONShorthand_SelfDeclaredStringJSON_Skipped(t *testing.T) {
-	s := Shortcut{
-		Service: "base", Command: "+fake-record-search", Description: "x",
-		Flags: []Flag{
-			{Name: "format", Default: "markdown", Enum: []string{"markdown", "json"}, Desc: "fmt"},
-			{Name: "json", Desc: "request body JSON object"},
-		},
-		Execute: func(context.Context, *RuntimeContext) error { return nil },
-	}
-	cmd := parseMounted(t, s, []string{"--json", `{"keyword":"Alice"}`})
-	applyJSONShorthand(cmd, &s)
-	if got := cmd.Flags().Lookup("format").Value.String(); got != "markdown" {
-		t.Fatalf("format = %q, want markdown (self-declared json must not normalize)", got)
-	}
-	if got := cmd.Flags().Lookup("json").Value.String(); got != `{"keyword":"Alice"}` {
-		t.Fatalf("request-body --json corrupted: %q", got)
-	}
-}
-
-// 自声明 bool 型 --json（subscribe 形态：无自定义 format，框架注入 format）→ 归一化跳过
-func TestApplyJSONShorthand_SelfDeclaredBoolJSON_Skipped(t *testing.T) {
-	s := Shortcut{
-		Service: "event", Command: "+fake-subscribe", Description: "x",
-		Flags: []Flag{
-			{Name: "json", Type: "bool", Desc: "pretty-print JSON instead of NDJSON"},
-		},
-		Execute: func(context.Context, *RuntimeContext) error { return nil },
-	}
-	cmd := parseMounted(t, s, []string{"--json"})
-	applyJSONShorthand(cmd, &s)
-	// 注入的 format 默认即 json；这里断言的是 Changed 状态未被归一化污染
-	if cmd.Flags().Changed("format") {
-		t.Fatal("normalization must not touch format for shortcuts declaring their own --json")
-	}
-}
-
-// 无自定义 format（普通命令）→ 注入默认 format + 简写（现状回归）
-func TestJSONShorthand_DefaultInjectedFormat_StillRegistered(t *testing.T) {
-	cmd := mountTestShortcut(t, Shortcut{
-		Service: "im", Command: "+plain", Description: "x",
-		Execute: func(context.Context, *RuntimeContext) error { return nil },
-	})
-	fl := cmd.Flags().Lookup("json")
-	if fl == nil {
-		t.Fatal("--json missing on default-format shortcut (regression)")
-	}
-	if fl.Usage != jsonShorthandUsage {
-		t.Errorf("usage = %q, want %q", fl.Usage, jsonShorthandUsage)
-	}
-}
--- a/shortcuts/contact/contact_search_user.go
+++ b/shortcuts/contact/contact_search_user.go
@@ -150,10 +150,12 @@ var ContactSearchUser = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "queries", Desc: "comma-separated keywords searched in parallel; output is a flat users[] with matched_query plus a queries[] sidecar"},
 	},
 	Tips: []string{
+		"Keyword search: lark-cli contact +search-user --query 'alice'",
+		"Look up by ID (or 'me' for self): lark-cli contact +search-user --user-ids 'ou_xxx,me'",
 		"Filter-only enumeration — users you've chatted with: lark-cli contact +search-user --has-chatted",
 		"Refine same-name hits: lark-cli contact +search-user --query '张三' --has-chatted --exclude-external-users",
 		"Multi-name fanout: lark-cli contact +search-user --queries 'alice,bob,张三'",
-		"on has_more=true add filters or tighten --query — there is no auto-pagination.",
+		"open_id is the stable identifier for follow-up commands; on has_more=true add filters or tighten --query — there is no auto-pagination.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		return validateSearchUser(runtime)
--- a/shortcuts/doc/html5_block_resources.go
+++ b/shortcuts/doc/html5_block_resources.go
@@ -27,17 +27,12 @@ const (
 	html5BlockDataAttr        = "data"
 	html5BlockReferenceRoot   = "doc-fetch-resources"
 	html5BlockReferenceMaxRaw = 1024
-
-	whiteboardTag      = "whiteboard"
-	whiteboardTypeAttr = "type"
-	whiteboardPathAttr = "path"
 )

 var (
 	html5BlockStartTagPattern = regexp.MustCompile(`(?is)<html5-block\b[^>]*>`)
 	html5BlockElementPattern  = regexp.MustCompile(`(?is)<html5-block\b[^>]*>(.*?)</html5-block>`)
 	html5BlockSafeNamePattern = regexp.MustCompile(`^[A-Za-z0-9._-]+$`)
-	whiteboardElementPattern  = regexp.MustCompile(`(?is)<whiteboard\b[^>]*(?:/>|>.*?</whiteboard>)`)
 )

 type html5BlockReferenceEntry struct {
@@ -63,11 +58,6 @@ type html5BlockStartTag struct {
 	SelfClosing bool
 }

-type whiteboardStartTag struct {
-	Attrs       []html5BlockAttr
-	SelfClosing bool
-}
-
 func buildCreateBodyWithHTML5ReferenceMap(runtime *common.RuntimeContext) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
 	body := buildCreateBody(runtime)
 	if runtime.Str("content") == "" && !runtime.Changed("reference-map") {
@@ -125,11 +115,7 @@ func prepareDocsV2WriteInput(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, input docsV2WriteIn
 		return docsV2WriteInput{}, err
 	}

-	content, err := prepareWhiteboardWriteContent(runtime, runtime.Str("doc-format"), input.Content)
-	if err != nil {
-		return docsV2WriteInput{}, err
-	}
-	content, html5RefMap, err = prepareHTML5BlockWriteContent(runtime, runtime.Str("doc-format"), content, html5RefMap)
+	content, html5RefMap, err := prepareHTML5BlockWriteContent(runtime, runtime.Str("doc-format"), input.Content, html5RefMap)
 	if err != nil {
 		return docsV2WriteInput{}, err
 	}
@@ -246,248 +232,6 @@ func prepareHTML5BlockWriteContent(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, format string
 	return out, compactReferenceMap(refMap), nil
 }

-func prepareWhiteboardWriteContent(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, format string, content string) (string, error) {
-	if !strings.Contains(content, "<whiteboard") {
-		return content, nil
-	}
-
-	rewrite := func(segment string) (string, error) {
-		return rewriteWhiteboardFileRefs(runtime, segment)
-	}
-
-	if strings.TrimSpace(format) != "markdown" {
-		return rewrite(content)
-	}
-
-	var rewriteErrs []error
-	out := applyOutsideCodeFences(content, func(segment string) string {
-		outSegment, rewriteErr := rewrite(segment)
-		if rewriteErr != nil {
-			rewriteErrs = append(rewriteErrs, rewriteErr)
-			return segment
-		}
-		return outSegment
-	})
-	if len(rewriteErrs) > 0 {
-		return "", aggregateWhiteboardRewriteErrors(rewriteErrs)
-	}
-	return out, nil
-}
-
-func rewriteWhiteboardFileRefs(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, content string) (string, error) {
-	var rewriteErrs []error
-	out := whiteboardElementPattern.ReplaceAllStringFunc(content, func(raw string) string {
-		rewritten, err := rewriteWhiteboardFileRef(runtime, raw)
-		if err != nil {
-			rewriteErrs = append(rewriteErrs, err)
-			return raw
-		}
-		return rewritten
-	})
-	if len(rewriteErrs) > 0 {
-		return "", aggregateWhiteboardRewriteErrors(rewriteErrs)
-	}
-	return out, nil
-}
-
-func rewriteWhiteboardFileRef(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, raw string) (string, error) {
-	startRaw, body, _, ok := splitWhiteboardElement(raw)
-	if !ok {
-		return raw, nil
-	}
-	tag, err := parseWhiteboardStartTag(startRaw)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", common.ValidationErrorf("invalid whiteboard tag: %v", err).WithParam("whiteboard")
-	}
-
-	pathValue, hasPath := tag.attr(whiteboardPathAttr)
-	bodyPath, hasBodyPath := whiteboardBodyPathRef(body)
-	if !hasPath && !hasBodyPath {
-		return raw, nil
-	}
-	if hasPath && strings.TrimSpace(body) != "" {
-		return "", common.ValidationErrorf("whiteboard cannot contain both path and inline content").WithParam("whiteboard")
-	}
-	if hasPath && hasBodyPath {
-		return "", common.ValidationErrorf("whiteboard cannot contain both path and @file body").WithParam("whiteboard")
-	}
-
-	typRaw, ok := tag.attr(whiteboardTypeAttr)
-	if !ok || strings.TrimSpace(typRaw) == "" {
-		return "", common.ValidationErrorf("whiteboard file input requires type=\"svg\", type=\"mermaid\", or type=\"plantuml\"").WithParam("type")
-	}
-	typ, ok := canonicalWhiteboardFileType(typRaw)
-	if !ok {
-		return "", common.ValidationErrorf("whiteboard file input only supports type=\"svg\", type=\"mermaid\", or type=\"plantuml\", got %q", typRaw).WithParam("type")
-	}
-
-	if hasBodyPath {
-		pathValue = bodyPath
-	}
-	data, err := readWhiteboardPath(runtime, pathValue, typ)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-
-	tag.setAttr(whiteboardTypeAttr, typ)
-	tag.removeAttrs(whiteboardPathAttr)
-	return tag.render(false) + whiteboardContentForType(typ, data) + "</" + whiteboardTag + ">", nil
-}
-
-func splitWhiteboardElement(raw string) (startTag string, body string, selfClosing bool, ok bool) {
-	trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(raw)
-	selfClosing = strings.HasSuffix(trimmed, "/>")
-	if selfClosing {
-		return raw, "", true, true
-	}
-	startEnd := strings.Index(raw, ">")
-	if startEnd < 0 {
-		return "", "", false, false
-	}
-	endStart := strings.LastIndex(strings.ToLower(raw), "</whiteboard>")
-	if endStart < 0 || endStart < startEnd {
-		return "", "", false, false
-	}
-	return raw[:startEnd+1], raw[startEnd+1 : endStart], false, true
-}
-
-func whiteboardBodyPathRef(body string) (string, bool) {
-	trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(body)
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(trimmed, "@") || strings.HasPrefix(trimmed, "@@") {
-		return "", false
-	}
-	if strings.ContainsAny(trimmed, "\r\n") {
-		return "", false
-	}
-	return trimmed, true
-}
-
-func canonicalWhiteboardFileType(raw string) (string, bool) {
-	switch strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(raw)) {
-	case "svg":
-		return "svg", true
-	case "mermaid":
-		return "mermaid", true
-	case "plantuml":
-		return "plantuml", true
-	default:
-		return "", false
-	}
-}
-
-func readWhiteboardPath(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, pathValue string, typ string) (string, error) {
-	pathRaw := strings.TrimSpace(pathValue)
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(pathRaw, "@") {
-		return "", common.ValidationErrorf("whiteboard %s path %q must start with @, for example @diagram.%s", typ, pathValue, exampleWhiteboardExt(typ)).WithParam("path")
-	}
-	relPath := strings.TrimSpace(strings.TrimPrefix(pathRaw, "@"))
-	if relPath == "" {
-		return "", common.ValidationErrorf("whiteboard %s path cannot be empty after @", typ).WithParam("path")
-	}
-	clean := filepath.Clean(relPath)
-	if filepath.IsAbs(clean) || clean == "." || clean == ".." || strings.HasPrefix(clean, ".."+string(filepath.Separator)) {
-		return "", common.ValidationErrorf("whiteboard %s path %q must be a relative path within the current working directory", typ, pathValue).WithParam("path")
-	}
-	if !whiteboardExtAllowed(typ, strings.ToLower(filepath.Ext(clean))) {
-		return "", common.ValidationErrorf("whiteboard %s path %q must point to a %s file", typ, pathValue, whiteboardExtList(typ)).WithParam("path")
-	}
-	data, err := cmdutil.ReadInputFile(runtime.FileIO(), clean)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", common.ValidationErrorf("whiteboard %s path %q cannot be read from the current working directory; check that the file exists relative to where lark-cli is running: %v", typ, clean, err).
-			WithParam("path").
-			WithParams(errs.InvalidParam{Name: clean, Reason: fmt.Sprintf("whiteboard %s path cannot be read", typ)}).
-			WithCause(err)
-	}
-	return string(data), nil
-}
-
-func whiteboardExtAllowed(typ string, ext string) bool {
-	for _, allowed := range whiteboardAllowedExts(typ) {
-		if ext == allowed {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func whiteboardAllowedExts(typ string) []string {
-	switch typ {
-	case "svg":
-		return []string{".svg"}
-	case "mermaid":
-		return []string{".mermaid", ".mmd"}
-	case "plantuml":
-		return []string{".plantuml", ".puml", ".pu", ".uml"}
-	default:
-		return nil
-	}
-}
-
-func whiteboardExtList(typ string) string {
-	return strings.Join(whiteboardAllowedExts(typ), ", ")
-}
-
-func exampleWhiteboardExt(typ string) string {
-	exts := whiteboardAllowedExts(typ)
-	if len(exts) == 0 {
-		return "txt"
-	}
-	return strings.TrimPrefix(exts[0], ".")
-}
-
-func whiteboardContentForType(typ string, data string) string {
-	if typ == "svg" {
-		return data
-	}
-	return escapeXMLText(data)
-}
-
-func aggregateWhiteboardRewriteErrors(rewriteErrs []error) error {
-	flatErrs := flattenWhiteboardRewriteErrors(rewriteErrs)
-	messages := make([]string, 0, len(flatErrs))
-	params := make([]errs.InvalidParam, 0, len(flatErrs))
-	for _, err := range flatErrs {
-		messages = append(messages, err.Error())
-		params = append(params, whiteboardInvalidParamsFromError(err)...)
-	}
-	validationErr := common.ValidationErrorf("whiteboard file input failed: %s", strings.Join(messages, "; ")).
-		WithParam("whiteboard").
-		WithCause(errors.Join(flatErrs...))
-	if len(params) > 0 {
-		validationErr.WithParams(params...)
-	}
-	return validationErr
-}
-
-func flattenWhiteboardRewriteErrors(rewriteErrs []error) []error {
-	flatErrs := make([]error, 0, len(rewriteErrs))
-	for _, err := range rewriteErrs {
-		var validationErr *errs.ValidationError
-		if errors.As(err, &validationErr) && validationErr.Param == "whiteboard" && validationErr.Cause != nil {
-			if joined, ok := validationErr.Cause.(interface{ Unwrap() []error }); ok {
-				flatErrs = append(flatErrs, flattenWhiteboardRewriteErrors(joined.Unwrap())...)
-				continue
-			}
-		}
-		flatErrs = append(flatErrs, err)
-	}
-	return flatErrs
-}
-
-func whiteboardInvalidParamsFromError(err error) []errs.InvalidParam {
-	var validationErr *errs.ValidationError
-	if !errors.As(err, &validationErr) {
-		return nil
-	}
-	if len(validationErr.Params) > 0 {
-		return validationErr.Params
-	}
-	if validationErr.Param != "" {
-		return []errs.InvalidParam{{Name: validationErr.Param, Reason: validationErr.Message}}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
 func validateHTML5BlockWriteElementBodies(format string, content string) error {
 	validateSegment := func(segment string) error {
 		matches := html5BlockElementPattern.FindAllStringSubmatchIndex(segment, -1)
@@ -877,34 +621,6 @@ func parseHTML5BlockStartTag(raw string) (html5BlockStartTag, error) {
 	return html5BlockStartTag{}, fmt.Errorf("missing start element") //nolint:forbidigo // intermediate parse helper; callers wrap with typed validation errors.
 }

-func parseWhiteboardStartTag(raw string) (whiteboardStartTag, error) {
-	trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(raw)
-	selfClosing := strings.HasSuffix(trimmed, "/>")
-	decoder := xml.NewDecoder(strings.NewReader(raw))
-	for {
-		tok, err := decoder.Token()
-		if err != nil {
-			if errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
-				break
-			}
-			return whiteboardStartTag{}, err
-		}
-		start, ok := tok.(xml.StartElement)
-		if !ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		if start.Name.Local != whiteboardTag {
-			return whiteboardStartTag{}, fmt.Errorf("expected <%s>, got <%s>", whiteboardTag, start.Name.Local) //nolint:forbidigo // intermediate parse helper; callers wrap with typed validation errors.
-		}
-		attrs := make([]html5BlockAttr, 0, len(start.Attr))
-		for _, attr := range start.Attr {
-			attrs = append(attrs, html5BlockAttr{Name: attr.Name.Local, Value: attr.Value})
-		}
-		return whiteboardStartTag{Attrs: attrs, SelfClosing: selfClosing}, nil
-	}
-	return whiteboardStartTag{}, fmt.Errorf("missing start element") //nolint:forbidigo // intermediate parse helper; callers wrap with typed validation errors.
-}
-
 func (t html5BlockStartTag) attr(name string) (string, bool) {
 	for _, attr := range t.Attrs {
 		if attr.Name == name {
@@ -914,15 +630,6 @@ func (t html5BlockStartTag) attr(name string) (string, bool) {
 	return "", false
 }

-func (t whiteboardStartTag) attr(name string) (string, bool) {
-	for _, attr := range t.Attrs {
-		if attr.Name == name {
-			return attr.Value, true
-		}
-	}
-	return "", false
-}
-
 func (t html5BlockStartTag) hasAttr(name string) bool {
 	_, ok := t.attr(name)
 	return ok
@@ -943,31 +650,6 @@ func (t *html5BlockStartTag) removeAttrs(names ...string) {
 	t.Attrs = attrs
 }

-func (t *whiteboardStartTag) removeAttrs(names ...string) {
-	remove := make(map[string]struct{}, len(names))
-	for _, name := range names {
-		remove[name] = struct{}{}
-	}
-	attrs := t.Attrs[:0]
-	for _, attr := range t.Attrs {
-		if _, ok := remove[attr.Name]; ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		attrs = append(attrs, attr)
-	}
-	t.Attrs = attrs
-}
-
-func (t *whiteboardStartTag) setAttr(name string, value string) {
-	for i, attr := range t.Attrs {
-		if attr.Name == name {
-			t.Attrs[i].Value = value
-			return
-		}
-	}
-	t.Attrs = append(t.Attrs, html5BlockAttr{Name: name, Value: value})
-}
-
 func (t html5BlockStartTag) render(selfClosing bool) string {
 	var b strings.Builder
 	b.WriteByte('<')
@@ -992,25 +674,6 @@ func (t html5BlockStartTag) render(selfClosing bool) string {
 	return b.String()
 }

-func (t whiteboardStartTag) render(selfClosing bool) string {
-	var b strings.Builder
-	b.WriteByte('<')
-	b.WriteString(whiteboardTag)
-	for _, attr := range t.Attrs {
-		b.WriteByte(' ')
-		b.WriteString(attr.Name)
-		b.WriteString(`="`)
-		b.WriteString(escapeXMLAttr(attr.Value))
-		b.WriteByte('"')
-	}
-	if selfClosing {
-		b.WriteString("/>")
-	} else {
-		b.WriteByte('>')
-	}
-	return b.String()
-}
-
 func escapeXMLAttr(value string) string {
 	var b strings.Builder
 	for _, r := range value {
@@ -1031,18 +694,3 @@ func escapeXMLAttr(value string) string {
 	}
 	return b.String()
 }
-
-func escapeXMLText(value string) string {
-	var b strings.Builder
-	for _, r := range value {
-		switch r {
-		case '&':
-			b.WriteString("&amp;")
-		case '<':
-			b.WriteString("&lt;")
-		default:
-			b.WriteRune(r)
-		}
-	}
-	return b.String()
-}
--- a/shortcuts/doc/html5_block_resources_test.go
+++ b/shortcuts/doc/html5_block_resources_test.go
@@ -6,13 +6,11 @@ package doc
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"

-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/cmdutil"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/httpmock"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
@@ -118,61 +116,6 @@ func TestDocsCreateV2HTML5BlockReferenceMapFromPath(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestDocsCreateV2WhiteboardFileInputs(t *testing.T) {
-	dir := t.TempDir()
-	cmdutil.TestChdir(t, dir)
-	files := map[string]string{
-		"diagram.svg":   `<svg viewBox="0 0 10 10"><text>A</text></svg>`,
-		"flow.mmd":      "flowchart TD\nA --> B",
-		"sequence.puml": "@startuml\nAlice -> Bob: hi\n@enduml",
-	}
-	for name, content := range files {
-		if err := os.WriteFile(name, []byte(content), 0o600); err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("WriteFile(%s) error: %v", name, err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, docsCreateTestConfig(t, ""))
-	stub := registerDocsAIStub(reg, "POST", "/open-apis/docs_ai/v1/documents", map[string]interface{}{
-		"document": map[string]interface{}{
-			"document_id": "doxcn_new_doc",
-			"revision_id": float64(1),
-		},
-	})
-
-	err := runDocsCreateShortcut(t, f, stdout, []string{
-		"+create",
-		"--api-version", "v2",
-		"--content", strings.Join([]string{
-			`<whiteboard type="svg" path="@diagram.svg"></whiteboard>`,
-			`<whiteboard type="mermaid">@flow.mmd</whiteboard>`,
-			`<whiteboard type="plantUML" path="@sequence.puml"/>`,
-		}, "\n"),
-		"--as", "user",
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	body := decodeRequestBody(t, stub.CapturedBody)
-	got := body["content"].(string)
-	for _, want := range []string{
-		`<whiteboard type="svg"><svg viewBox="0 0 10 10"><text>A</text></svg></whiteboard>`,
-		"<whiteboard type=\"mermaid\">flowchart TD\nA --> B</whiteboard>",
-		"<whiteboard type=\"plantuml\">@startuml\nAlice -> Bob: hi\n@enduml</whiteboard>",
-	} {
-		if !strings.Contains(got, want) {
-			t.Fatalf("content missing %q:\n%s", want, got)
-		}
-	}
-	if strings.Contains(got, `path="@`) {
-		t.Fatalf("content still contains whiteboard path attr: %s", got)
-	}
-	if _, ok := body["reference_map"]; ok {
-		t.Fatalf("whiteboard file input must not create reference_map: %#v", body)
-	}
-}
-
 func findDocsTestFlag(flags []common.Flag, name string) common.Flag {
 	for _, flag := range flags {
 		if flag.Name == name {
@@ -464,119 +407,6 @@ func TestDocsCreateV2HTML5BlockPathReadFailure(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestDocsCreateV2WhiteboardFileInputReportsAllMissingPaths(t *testing.T) {
-	dir := t.TempDir()
-	cmdutil.TestChdir(t, dir)
-	f, stdout, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, docsCreateTestConfig(t, ""))
-
-	err := runDocsCreateShortcut(t, f, stdout, []string{
-		"+create",
-		"--api-version", "v2",
-		"--content", strings.Join([]string{
-			`<whiteboard type="svg" path="@missing.svg"></whiteboard>`,
-			`<whiteboard type="mermaid">@missing.mmd</whiteboard>`,
-			`<whiteboard type="plantuml" path="@missing.puml"></whiteboard>`,
-		}, "\n"),
-		"--as", "user",
-	})
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected aggregated whiteboard path error")
-	}
-	assertWhiteboardFileInputValidation(t, err, []string{
-		"missing.svg",
-		"missing.mmd",
-		"missing.puml",
-	}, []string{
-		`whiteboard svg path "missing.svg" cannot be read`,
-		`whiteboard mermaid path "missing.mmd" cannot be read`,
-		`whiteboard plantuml path "missing.puml" cannot be read`,
-	})
-}
-
-func TestDocsCreateV2WhiteboardFileInputMarkdownReportsMissingPathsAcrossFences(t *testing.T) {
-	dir := t.TempDir()
-	cmdutil.TestChdir(t, dir)
-	f, stdout, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, docsCreateTestConfig(t, ""))
-
-	err := runDocsCreateShortcut(t, f, stdout, []string{
-		"+create",
-		"--api-version", "v2",
-		"--doc-format", "markdown",
-		"--content", strings.Join([]string{
-			`<whiteboard type="svg" path="@before.svg"></whiteboard>`,
-			"```",
-			`<whiteboard type="svg" path="@inside.svg"></whiteboard>`,
-			"```",
-			`<whiteboard type="plantuml" path="@after.puml"></whiteboard>`,
-		}, "\n"),
-		"--as", "user",
-	})
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected aggregated whiteboard path error")
-	}
-	assertWhiteboardFileInputValidation(t, err, []string{
-		"before.svg",
-		"after.puml",
-	}, []string{
-		`whiteboard svg path "before.svg" cannot be read`,
-		`whiteboard plantuml path "after.puml" cannot be read`,
-	})
-	if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "inside.svg") {
-		t.Fatalf("error should ignore fenced whiteboard path, got: %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
-func assertWhiteboardFileInputValidation(t *testing.T, err error, wantParams []string, wantMessages []string) {
-	t.Helper()
-	problem, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("expected typed problem, got %T %v", err, err)
-	}
-	if problem.Category != errs.CategoryValidation || problem.Subtype != errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument {
-		t.Fatalf("category/subtype = %s/%s, want %s/%s", problem.Category, problem.Subtype, errs.CategoryValidation, errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument)
-	}
-
-	var validationErr *errs.ValidationError
-	if !errors.As(err, &validationErr) {
-		t.Fatalf("expected *errs.ValidationError, got %T %v", err, err)
-	}
-	if validationErr.Param != "whiteboard" {
-		t.Fatalf("param = %q, want whiteboard", validationErr.Param)
-	}
-	if validationErr.Cause == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected aggregated error to preserve cause")
-	}
-	var childValidationErr *errs.ValidationError
-	if !errors.As(validationErr.Cause, &childValidationErr) || childValidationErr.Cause == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected child validation cause to preserve file read cause, got %#v", validationErr.Cause)
-	}
-
-	gotParams := make(map[string]string, len(validationErr.Params))
-	for _, param := range validationErr.Params {
-		gotParams[param.Name] = param.Reason
-	}
-	if len(gotParams) != len(wantParams) {
-		t.Fatalf("params = %#v, want names %v", validationErr.Params, wantParams)
-	}
-	for _, param := range wantParams {
-		reason, ok := gotParams[param]
-		if !ok {
-			t.Fatalf("params = %#v, want name %q", validationErr.Params, param)
-		}
-		if reason == "" {
-			t.Fatalf("param %q missing reason: %#v", param, validationErr.Params)
-		}
-	}
-	for _, want := range wantMessages {
-		if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), want) {
-			t.Fatalf("error missing %q:\n%v", want, err)
-		}
-		if !strings.Contains(validationErr.Cause.Error(), want) {
-			t.Fatalf("cause missing %q:\n%v", want, validationErr.Cause)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 func TestDocsCreateV2HTML5BlockRejectsInlineContent(t *testing.T) {
 	dir := t.TempDir()
 	cmdutil.TestChdir(t, dir)
--- a/shortcuts/drive/drive_export.go
+++ b/shortcuts/drive/drive_export.go
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ func wrapExportContextErr(err error) error {
 var DriveExport = common.Shortcut{
 	Service:     "drive",
 	Command:     "+export",
-	Description: "Export a doc/docx/sheet/bitable/slides to a local file with limited polling",
+	Description: "Export a doc/docx/sheet/bitable/slides or wiki document to a local file with limited polling",
 	Risk:        "read",
 	Scopes: []string{
 		"docs:document.content:read",
@@ -47,10 +47,12 @@ var DriveExport = common.Shortcut{
 		"docx:document:readonly",
 		"drive:drive.metadata:readonly",
 	},
-	AuthTypes: []string{"user", "bot"},
+	ConditionalScopes: []string{"wiki:node:retrieve"},
+	AuthTypes:         []string{"user", "bot"},
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
-		{Name: "token", Desc: "source document token", Required: true},
-		{Name: "doc-type", Desc: "source document type: doc | docx | sheet | bitable | slides", Required: true, Enum: []string{"doc", "docx", "sheet", "bitable", "slides"}},
+		{Name: "url", Desc: "source document URL; doc type and token are inferred, and wiki URLs are resolved to the underlying document"},
+		{Name: "token", Desc: "source document token; bare tokens require --doc-type, and wiki tokens should use --doc-type wiki"},
+		{Name: "doc-type", Desc: "source document type: doc | docx | sheet | bitable | slides | wiki (required only when --token is a bare token)", Enum: []string{"doc", "docx", "sheet", "bitable", "slides", "wiki"}},
 		{Name: "file-extension", Desc: "export format: docx | pdf | xlsx | csv | markdown | base (bitable only) | pptx (slides only)", Required: true, Enum: []string{"docx", "pdf", "xlsx", "csv", "markdown", "base", "pptx"}},
 		{Name: "sub-id", Desc: "sub-table/sheet ID, required when exporting sheet/bitable as csv"},
 		{Name: "only-schema", Type: "bool", Desc: "export only bitable schema when --doc-type bitable --file-extension base"},
@@ -75,6 +77,7 @@ var DriveExport = common.Shortcut{
 // task and poll, but do not download" — callers that only need the ready file
 // token / status get it back without writing a local file.
 type ExportParams struct {
+	URL           string
 	Token         string
 	DocType       string
 	FileExtension string
@@ -87,6 +90,7 @@ type ExportParams struct {

 func (p ExportParams) spec() driveExportSpec {
 	return driveExportSpec{
+		URL:           p.URL,
 		Token:         p.Token,
 		DocType:       p.DocType,
 		FileExtension: p.FileExtension,
@@ -106,6 +110,7 @@ func exportParamsFromFlags(runtime *common.RuntimeContext) ExportParams {
 		outputDir = "."
 	}
 	return ExportParams{
+		URL:           runtime.Str("url"),
 		Token:         runtime.Str("token"),
 		DocType:       runtime.Str("doc-type"),
 		FileExtension: runtime.Str("file-extension"),
@@ -127,60 +132,90 @@ func validateExport(p ExportParams) error {

 // PlanExportDryRun builds the dry-run plan for an export without performing I/O.
 func PlanExportDryRun(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, p ExportParams) *common.DryRunAPI {
-	spec := p.spec()
+	spec, source, err := normalizeDriveExportSpecInput(p.spec())
+	if err != nil {
+		return common.NewDryRunAPI().Set("error", err.Error())
+	}
+	if err := validateDriveExportNormalizedSpecForSource(spec, source); err != nil {
+		return common.NewDryRunAPI().Set("error", err.Error())
+	}
+
+	dry := common.NewDryRunAPI()
+	if source.Type == "wiki" {
+		dry.GET("/open-apis/wiki/v2/spaces/get_node").
+			Desc("[0] Resolve wiki node to underlying document token").
+			Params(map[string]interface{}{"token": source.Token})
+		spec.Token = "obj_token_from_step_0"
+		if spec.DocType == "" {
+			spec.DocType = "obj_type_from_step_0"
+		}
+		dry.Set("wiki_token", source.Token)
+	}
+
 	// Markdown export is a special case: docx markdown comes from the V2
 	// docs_ai fetch API directly instead of the Drive export task API.
 	if spec.FileExtension == "markdown" {
 		apiPath := fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/docs_ai/v1/documents/%s/fetch", validate.EncodePathSegment(spec.Token))
-		dr := common.NewDryRunAPI().
-			Desc("2-step orchestration: fetch docx markdown -> write local file").
+		desc := "2-step orchestration: fetch docx markdown -> write local file"
+		if source.Type == "wiki" {
+			desc = "3-step orchestration: resolve wiki -> fetch docx markdown -> write local file"
+		}
+		dry.Desc(desc).
 			POST(apiPath).
 			Body(map[string]interface{}{
 				"format": "markdown",
 			}).
 			Set("output_dir", p.OutputDir)
 		if name := strings.TrimSpace(p.FileName); name != "" {
-			dr.Set("file_name", ensureExportFileExtension(sanitizeExportFileName(name, spec.Token), spec.FileExtension))
+			dry.Set("file_name", ensureExportFileExtension(sanitizeExportFileName(name, spec.Token), spec.FileExtension))
 		}
-		return dr
+		return dry
 	}

-	body := map[string]interface{}{
-		"token":          spec.Token,
-		"type":           spec.DocType,
-		"file_extension": spec.FileExtension,
+	desc := "3-step orchestration: create export task -> limited polling -> download file"
+	if source.Type == "wiki" {
+		desc = "4-step orchestration: resolve wiki -> create export task -> limited polling -> download file"
 	}
-	if strings.TrimSpace(spec.SubID) != "" {
-		body["sub_id"] = spec.SubID
-	}
-	if spec.OnlySchema {
-		body["only_schema"] = true
-	}
-
-	dr := common.NewDryRunAPI().
-		Desc("3-step orchestration: create export task -> limited polling -> download file").
+	dry.Desc(desc).
 		POST("/open-apis/drive/v1/export_tasks").
-		Body(body).
+		Body(buildDriveExportTaskBody(spec)).
 		Set("output_dir", p.OutputDir)
 	if name := strings.TrimSpace(p.FileName); name != "" {
-		dr.Set("file_name", ensureExportFileExtension(sanitizeExportFileName(name, spec.Token), spec.FileExtension))
+		dry.Set("file_name", ensureExportFileExtension(sanitizeExportFileName(name, spec.Token), spec.FileExtension))
 	}
-	return dr
+	return dry
 }

 // RunExport drives create export task -> bounded poll -> optional download. It
 // is the shared core behind both drive +export and sheets +workbook-export. An
 // empty p.OutputDir skips the download step and returns the ready file token.
 func RunExport(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, p ExportParams) error {
-	spec := p.spec()
+	spec, source, err := normalizeDriveExportSpecInput(p.spec())
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := validateDriveExportNormalizedSpecForSource(spec, source); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
 	outputDir := p.OutputDir
 	preferredFileName := strings.TrimSpace(p.FileName)
 	overwrite := p.Overwrite

+	var wikiResolution driveExportWikiResolution
+
 	// Markdown export bypasses the async export task and writes the fetched
 	// markdown content directly to disk. Uses the V2 docs_ai fetch API for
 	// higher-quality Lark-flavored Markdown output.
 	if spec.FileExtension == "markdown" {
+		if source.Type == "wiki" {
+			resolvedSpec, resolution, err := resolveDriveExportWikiSource(ctx, runtime, spec, source.Token)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			spec = resolvedSpec
+			wikiResolution = resolution
+		}
 		fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Exporting docx as markdown: %s\n", common.MaskToken(spec.Token))
 		apiPath := fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/docs_ai/v1/documents/%s/fetch", validate.EncodePathSegment(spec.Token))
 		data, err := runtime.CallAPITyped(
@@ -222,21 +257,23 @@ func RunExport(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, p ExportPara
 			return err
 		}

-		runtime.Out(map[string]interface{}{
+		runtime.Out(annotateDriveExportWikiOutput(map[string]interface{}{
 			"token":          spec.Token,
 			"doc_type":       spec.DocType,
 			"file_extension": spec.FileExtension,
 			"file_name":      filepath.Base(savedPath),
 			"saved_path":     savedPath,
 			"size_bytes":     len(content),
-		}, nil)
+		}, wikiResolution), nil)
 		return nil
 	}

-	ticket, err := createDriveExportTask(runtime, spec)
+	ticket, resolvedSpec, resolution, err := createDriveExportTaskResolvingWiki(ctx, runtime, spec, source)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	spec = resolvedSpec
+	wikiResolution = resolution
 	fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Created export task: %s\n", ticket)

 	var lastStatus driveExportStatus
@@ -274,7 +311,7 @@ func RunExport(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, p ExportPara
 			// no local download (e.g. sheets +workbook-export without an output
 			// path). Skip the download and return the status envelope.
 			if strings.TrimSpace(outputDir) == "" {
-				runtime.Out(map[string]interface{}{
+				runtime.Out(annotateDriveExportWikiOutput(map[string]interface{}{
 					"ticket":         ticket,
 					"token":          spec.Token,
 					"doc_type":       spec.DocType,
@@ -284,7 +321,7 @@ func RunExport(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, p ExportPara
 					"file_size":      status.FileSize,
 					"ready":          true,
 					"downloaded":     false,
-				}, nil)
+				}, wikiResolution), nil)
 				return nil
 			}

@@ -307,7 +344,7 @@ func RunExport(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, p ExportPara
 			out["ticket"] = ticket
 			out["doc_type"] = spec.DocType
 			out["file_extension"] = spec.FileExtension
-			runtime.Out(out, nil)
+			runtime.Out(annotateDriveExportWikiOutput(out, wikiResolution), nil)
 			return nil
 		}

@@ -357,7 +394,19 @@ func RunExport(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, p ExportPara
 	if preferredFileName != "" {
 		result["file_name"] = ensureExportFileExtension(sanitizeExportFileName(preferredFileName, spec.Token), spec.FileExtension)
 	}
-	runtime.Out(result, nil)
+	runtime.Out(annotateDriveExportWikiOutput(result, wikiResolution), nil)
 	fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Export task is still in progress. Continue with: %s\n", nextCommand)
 	return nil
 }
+
+func annotateDriveExportWikiOutput(out map[string]interface{}, resolution driveExportWikiResolution) map[string]interface{} {
+	if !resolution.Resolved {
+		return out
+	}
+	out["wiki_token"] = resolution.WikiToken
+	out["wiki_node"] = map[string]interface{}{
+		"obj_token": resolution.ObjToken,
+		"obj_type":  resolution.ObjType,
+	}
+	return out
+}
--- a/shortcuts/drive/drive_export_common.go
+++ b/shortcuts/drive/drive_export_common.go
@@ -27,9 +27,16 @@ var (
 	driveExportPollInterval = 5 * time.Second
 )

+const (
+	driveExportResolvedDocTypeValues = "doc, docx, sheet, bitable, slides"
+	driveExportInputDocTypeValues    = driveExportResolvedDocTypeValues + ", wiki"
+	driveExportFileExtensionValues   = "docx, pdf, xlsx, csv, markdown, base, pptx"
+)
+
 // driveExportSpec contains the normalized export request understood by the
 // shortcut and the underlying export task APIs.
 type driveExportSpec struct {
+	URL           string
 	Token         string
 	DocType       string
 	FileExtension string
@@ -37,6 +44,19 @@ type driveExportSpec struct {
 	OnlySchema    bool
 }

+type driveExportInputSource struct {
+	Type  string
+	Token string
+	Param string
+}
+
+type driveExportWikiResolution struct {
+	Resolved  bool
+	WikiToken string
+	ObjToken  string
+	ObjType   string
+}
+
 // driveExportTaskResultCommand prints the resume command shown when bounded
 // export polling times out locally.
 func driveExportTaskResultCommand(ticket, docToken string) string {
@@ -127,45 +147,49 @@ func (s driveExportStatus) StatusLabel() string {
 // validateDriveExportSpec enforces shortcut-level export constraints before any
 // backend request is sent.
 func validateDriveExportSpec(spec driveExportSpec) error {
-	if err := validate.ResourceName(spec.Token, "--token"); err != nil {
-		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "%s", err).WithParam("--token")
+	normalized, source, err := normalizeDriveExportSpecInput(spec)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
+	return validateDriveExportNormalizedSpecForSource(normalized, source)
+}

+func validateDriveExportNormalizedSpec(spec driveExportSpec) error {
 	switch spec.DocType {
 	case "doc", "docx", "sheet", "bitable", "slides":
 	default:
-		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "invalid --doc-type %q: allowed values are doc, docx, sheet, bitable, slides", spec.DocType).WithParam("--doc-type")
+		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "invalid --doc-type %q: allowed values are %s", spec.DocType, driveExportInputDocTypeValues).
+			WithParam("--doc-type").
+			WithHint("use --url when you have a document URL; use --doc-type wiki only with a bare Wiki node token so the CLI can resolve the underlying document type")
+	}
+
+	if err := validate.ResourceName(spec.Token, "--token"); err != nil {
+		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "%s", err).WithParam("--token")
 	}

 	switch spec.FileExtension {
 	case "docx", "pdf", "xlsx", "csv", "markdown", "base", "pptx":
 	default:
-		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "invalid --file-extension %q: allowed values are docx, pdf, xlsx, csv, markdown, base, pptx", spec.FileExtension).WithParam("--file-extension")
+		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "invalid --file-extension %q: allowed values are %s", spec.FileExtension, driveExportFileExtensionValues).
+			WithParam("--file-extension").
+			WithHint("choose an export format supported by the source type; common choices are docx/pdf for docs, xlsx/csv for sheets, xlsx/csv/base for bitable, and pptx/pdf for slides")
 	}

-	if spec.FileExtension == "markdown" && spec.DocType != "docx" {
-		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "--file-extension markdown only supports --doc-type docx")
-	}
-
-	if spec.FileExtension == "base" && spec.DocType != "bitable" {
-		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "--file-extension base only supports --doc-type bitable")
+	if err := validateDriveExportFormatCompatibility(spec); err != nil {
+		return err
 	}

 	if spec.OnlySchema && (spec.DocType != "bitable" || spec.FileExtension != "base") {
-		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "--only-schema is only used when exporting bitable as base").WithParam("--only-schema")
-	}
-
-	if spec.FileExtension == "pptx" && spec.DocType != "slides" {
-		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "--file-extension pptx only supports --doc-type slides")
-	}
-
-	if spec.DocType == "slides" && spec.FileExtension != "pptx" && spec.FileExtension != "pdf" {
-		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "--doc-type slides only supports --file-extension pptx or pdf")
+		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "--only-schema is only used when exporting bitable as base").
+			WithParam("--only-schema").
+			WithHint("retry with --doc-type bitable --file-extension base, or remove --only-schema")
 	}

 	if strings.TrimSpace(spec.SubID) != "" {
 		if spec.FileExtension != "csv" || (spec.DocType != "sheet" && spec.DocType != "bitable") {
-			return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "--sub-id is only used when exporting sheet/bitable as csv").WithParam("--sub-id")
+			return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "--sub-id is only used when exporting sheet/bitable as csv").
+				WithParam("--sub-id").
+				WithHint("remove --sub-id, or retry with --doc-type sheet|bitable --file-extension csv")
 		}
 		if err := validate.ResourceName(spec.SubID, "--sub-id"); err != nil {
 			return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "%s", err).WithParam("--sub-id")
@@ -173,15 +197,212 @@ func validateDriveExportSpec(spec driveExportSpec) error {
 	}

 	if spec.FileExtension == "csv" && (spec.DocType == "sheet" || spec.DocType == "bitable") && strings.TrimSpace(spec.SubID) == "" {
-		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "--sub-id is required when exporting sheet/bitable as csv").WithParam("--sub-id")
+		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "--sub-id is required when exporting sheet/bitable as csv").
+			WithParam("--sub-id").
+			WithHint("retry with --sub-id <sheet_id_or_table_id>; if you need the whole workbook, use --file-extension xlsx instead")
 	}

 	return nil
 }

-// createDriveExportTask starts the asynchronous export job and returns its
-// ticket for subsequent polling.
-func createDriveExportTask(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, spec driveExportSpec) (string, error) {
+func validateDriveExportFormatCompatibility(spec driveExportSpec) error {
+	if driveExportFileExtensionAllowedForDocType(spec.DocType, spec.FileExtension) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	allowed := strings.Join(driveExportAllowedFileExtensions(spec.DocType), ", ")
+	return errs.NewValidationError(
+		errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument,
+		"unsupported export format: --doc-type %s cannot be exported as %s",
+		spec.DocType,
+		spec.FileExtension,
+	).
+		WithParam("--file-extension").
+		WithHint("retry with --file-extension %s. If the token came from a URL, prefer --url so the CLI infers the correct source type before validating the export format", allowed)
+}
+
+func driveExportFileExtensionAllowedForDocType(docType, fileExtension string) bool {
+	for _, allowed := range driveExportAllowedFileExtensions(docType) {
+		if fileExtension == allowed {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func driveExportAllowedFileExtensions(docType string) []string {
+	switch normalizeDriveExportDocType(docType) {
+	case "doc":
+		return []string{"docx", "pdf"}
+	case "docx":
+		return []string{"docx", "pdf", "markdown"}
+	case "sheet":
+		return []string{"xlsx", "csv"}
+	case "bitable":
+		return []string{"xlsx", "csv", "base"}
+	case "slides":
+		return []string{"pptx", "pdf"}
+	default:
+		return []string{"docx", "pdf", "xlsx", "csv", "markdown", "base", "pptx"}
+	}
+}
+
+func validateDriveExportNormalizedSpecForSource(spec driveExportSpec, source driveExportInputSource) error {
+	if source.Type == "wiki" && spec.DocType == "" {
+		return validateDriveExportPendingWikiSpec(spec, source)
+	}
+	return validateDriveExportNormalizedSpec(spec)
+}
+
+func validateDriveExportPendingWikiSpec(spec driveExportSpec, source driveExportInputSource) error {
+	param := source.Param
+	if param == "" {
+		param = "--token"
+	}
+	if err := validate.ResourceName(spec.Token, param); err != nil {
+		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "%s", err).WithParam(param)
+	}
+
+	switch spec.FileExtension {
+	case "docx", "pdf", "xlsx", "csv", "markdown", "base", "pptx":
+	default:
+		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "invalid --file-extension %q: allowed values are %s", spec.FileExtension, driveExportFileExtensionValues).
+			WithParam("--file-extension").
+			WithHint("Wiki export format is validated after resolving the Wiki node; choose a format normally supported by the underlying document type")
+	}
+	if spec.OnlySchema && spec.FileExtension != "base" {
+		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "--only-schema is only used when exporting bitable as base").
+			WithParam("--only-schema").
+			WithHint("retry with --file-extension base, or remove --only-schema")
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(spec.SubID) != "" && spec.FileExtension != "csv" {
+		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "--sub-id is only used when exporting sheet/bitable as csv").
+			WithParam("--sub-id").
+			WithHint("remove --sub-id, or retry with --file-extension csv if the Wiki node resolves to a sheet/bitable")
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(spec.SubID) != "" {
+		if err := validate.ResourceName(spec.SubID, "--sub-id"); err != nil {
+			return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "%s", err).WithParam("--sub-id")
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func normalizeDriveExportSpecInput(spec driveExportSpec) (driveExportSpec, driveExportInputSource, error) {
+	spec.URL = strings.TrimSpace(spec.URL)
+	spec.Token = strings.TrimSpace(spec.Token)
+	spec.DocType = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(spec.DocType))
+	spec.FileExtension = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(spec.FileExtension))
+
+	if spec.Token == "" && spec.URL == "" {
+		return spec, driveExportInputSource{}, errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "either --url or --token is required").WithParam("--url")
+	}
+	if spec.Token != "" && spec.URL != "" {
+		return spec, driveExportInputSource{}, errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "--url and --token are mutually exclusive").WithParam("--url")
+	}
+
+	source := driveExportInputSource{
+		Type:  spec.DocType,
+		Token: spec.Token,
+		Param: "--token",
+	}
+
+	rawInput := spec.Token
+	inputParam := "--token"
+	if spec.URL != "" {
+		rawInput = spec.URL
+		inputParam = "--url"
+	}
+
+	if ref, ok := common.ParseResourceURL(rawInput); ok {
+		refType := normalizeDriveExportDocType(ref.Type)
+		source = driveExportInputSource{
+			Type:  refType,
+			Token: ref.Token,
+			Param: inputParam,
+		}
+		spec.Token = ref.Token
+		if refType != "wiki" {
+			if !isDriveExportDocType(refType) {
+				return spec, source, errs.NewValidationError(
+					errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument,
+					"%s URL type %q is not supported by drive +export; use a doc/docx/sheet/base/slides/wiki URL or token",
+					inputParam,
+					ref.Type,
+				).WithParam(inputParam)
+			}
+			if spec.DocType == "wiki" {
+				return spec, source, errs.NewValidationError(
+					errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument,
+					"--doc-type wiki conflicts with %s URL type %q",
+					inputParam,
+					refType,
+				).
+					WithParam("--doc-type").
+					WithHint("remove --doc-type when passing --url; the CLI will infer %q from the URL", refType)
+			}
+			if spec.DocType != "" && spec.DocType != refType {
+				return spec, source, errs.NewValidationError(
+					errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument,
+					"--doc-type %q conflicts with %s URL type %q",
+					spec.DocType,
+					inputParam,
+					refType,
+				).WithParam("--doc-type")
+			}
+			spec.DocType = refType
+		} else if spec.DocType == "wiki" {
+			spec.DocType = ""
+		}
+		return spec, source, nil
+	}
+
+	if strings.Contains(rawInput, "://") {
+		return spec, source, errs.NewValidationError(
+			errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument,
+			"unsupported %s URL %q: use a recognized Lark document URL",
+			inputParam,
+			rawInput,
+		).WithParam(inputParam)
+	}
+	if spec.URL != "" {
+		return spec, source, errs.NewValidationError(
+			errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument,
+			"unsupported --url %q: use a recognized Lark document URL",
+			spec.URL,
+		).WithParam("--url")
+	}
+	if spec.DocType == "" {
+		return spec, source, errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "--doc-type is required when --token is a bare token (allowed: %s)", driveExportInputDocTypeValues).
+			WithParam("--doc-type").
+			WithHint("if you have the original document link, prefer --url <document_url>; if this is a Wiki node token, use --doc-type wiki")
+	}
+	if spec.DocType == "wiki" {
+		source.Type = "wiki"
+		source.Token = spec.Token
+		spec.DocType = ""
+	}
+	return spec, source, nil
+}
+
+func normalizeDriveExportDocType(docType string) string {
+	switch strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(docType)) {
+	case "base":
+		return "bitable"
+	default:
+		return strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(docType))
+	}
+}
+
+func isDriveExportDocType(docType string) bool {
+	switch normalizeDriveExportDocType(docType) {
+	case "doc", "docx", "sheet", "bitable", "slides":
+		return true
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}
+
+func buildDriveExportTaskBody(spec driveExportSpec) map[string]interface{} {
 	body := map[string]interface{}{
 		"token":          spec.Token,
 		"type":           spec.DocType,
@@ -193,8 +414,13 @@ func createDriveExportTask(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, spec driveExportSpec)
 	if spec.OnlySchema {
 		body["only_schema"] = true
 	}
+	return body
+}

-	data, err := runtime.CallAPITyped("POST", "/open-apis/drive/v1/export_tasks", nil, body)
+// createDriveExportTask starts the asynchronous export job and returns its
+// ticket for subsequent polling.
+func createDriveExportTask(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, spec driveExportSpec) (string, error) {
+	data, err := runtime.CallAPITyped("POST", "/open-apis/drive/v1/export_tasks", nil, buildDriveExportTaskBody(spec))
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
@@ -206,6 +432,79 @@ func createDriveExportTask(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, spec driveExportSpec)
 	return ticket, nil
 }

+func resolveDriveExportWikiSource(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, spec driveExportSpec, wikiToken string) (driveExportSpec, driveExportWikiResolution, error) {
+	wikiToken = strings.TrimSpace(wikiToken)
+	if err := validate.ResourceName(wikiToken, "--token"); err != nil {
+		return spec, driveExportWikiResolution{}, errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "%s", err).WithParam("--token")
+	}
+
+	fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Resolving wiki node for export: %s\n", common.MaskToken(wikiToken))
+	data, err := driveInspectCallWithRetry(ctx, func() (map[string]interface{}, error) {
+		return runtime.CallAPITyped(
+			"GET",
+			"/open-apis/wiki/v2/spaces/get_node",
+			map[string]interface{}{"token": wikiToken},
+			nil,
+		)
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return spec, driveExportWikiResolution{}, err
+	}
+
+	node := common.GetMap(data, "node")
+	objType := normalizeDriveExportDocType(common.GetString(node, "obj_type"))
+	objToken := common.GetString(node, "obj_token")
+	if objType == "" || objToken == "" {
+		return spec, driveExportWikiResolution{}, errs.NewInternalError(errs.SubtypeInvalidResponse, "wiki get_node returned incomplete node data (obj_type=%q, obj_token=%q)", objType, objToken)
+	}
+	if !isDriveExportDocType(objType) {
+		return spec, driveExportWikiResolution{}, errs.NewValidationError(
+			errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument,
+			"wiki resolved to %q, but drive +export only supports doc, docx, sheet, bitable, and slides",
+			objType,
+		).WithParam("--token")
+	}
+	if spec.DocType != "" && spec.DocType != objType {
+		return spec, driveExportWikiResolution{}, errs.NewValidationError(
+			errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument,
+			"wiki resolved to %q, but --doc-type is %q; use --doc-type %s",
+			objType,
+			spec.DocType,
+			objType,
+		).WithParam("--doc-type")
+	}
+
+	spec.Token = objToken
+	spec.DocType = objType
+	if err := validateDriveExportNormalizedSpec(spec); err != nil {
+		return spec, driveExportWikiResolution{}, err
+	}
+	fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Resolved wiki to %s: %s\n", objType, common.MaskToken(objToken))
+	return spec, driveExportWikiResolution{
+		Resolved:  true,
+		WikiToken: wikiToken,
+		ObjToken:  objToken,
+		ObjType:   objType,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func createDriveExportTaskResolvingWiki(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, spec driveExportSpec, source driveExportInputSource) (string, driveExportSpec, driveExportWikiResolution, error) {
+	if source.Type == "wiki" {
+		resolvedSpec, resolution, err := resolveDriveExportWikiSource(ctx, runtime, spec, source.Token)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", spec, resolution, err
+		}
+		ticket, err := createDriveExportTask(runtime, resolvedSpec)
+		return ticket, resolvedSpec, resolution, err
+	}
+
+	ticket, err := createDriveExportTask(runtime, spec)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", spec, driveExportWikiResolution{}, err
+	}
+	return ticket, spec, driveExportWikiResolution{}, nil
+}
+
 // getDriveExportStatus fetches the current backend state for a previously
 // created export task.
 func getDriveExportStatus(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, token, ticket string) (driveExportStatus, error) {
--- a/shortcuts/drive/drive_export_test.go
+++ b/shortcuts/drive/drive_export_test.go
@@ -33,10 +33,36 @@ func TestValidateDriveExportSpec(t *testing.T) {
 			name: "markdown docx ok",
 			spec: driveExportSpec{Token: "docx123", DocType: "docx", FileExtension: "markdown"},
 		},
+		{
+			name: "docx url infers doc type",
+			spec: driveExportSpec{URL: "https://example.feishu.cn/docx/docxURL123", FileExtension: "pdf"},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "wiki url can defer doc type until resolution",
+			spec: driveExportSpec{URL: "https://example.feishu.cn/wiki/wikiURL123", FileExtension: "pdf"},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "wiki url with doc-type wiki can defer doc type until resolution",
+			spec: driveExportSpec{URL: "https://example.feishu.cn/wiki/wikiURL123", DocType: "wiki", FileExtension: "pdf"},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "wiki token with doc-type wiki can defer doc type until resolution",
+			spec: driveExportSpec{Token: "wiki123", DocType: "wiki", FileExtension: "pdf"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "bare token requires doc type",
+			spec:    driveExportSpec{Token: "docx123", FileExtension: "pdf"},
+			wantErr: "--doc-type is required",
+		},
 		{
 			name:    "markdown non docx rejected",
 			spec:    driveExportSpec{Token: "doc123", DocType: "doc", FileExtension: "markdown"},
-			wantErr: "only supports --doc-type docx",
+			wantErr: "cannot be exported as markdown",
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "docx csv rejected",
+			spec:    driveExportSpec{Token: "docx123", DocType: "docx", FileExtension: "csv"},
+			wantErr: "cannot be exported as csv",
 		},
 		{
 			name:    "csv without sub id rejected",
@@ -72,17 +98,27 @@ func TestValidateDriveExportSpec(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name:    "base non bitable rejected",
 			spec:    driveExportSpec{Token: "sheet123", DocType: "sheet", FileExtension: "base"},
-			wantErr: "only supports --doc-type bitable",
+			wantErr: "cannot be exported as base",
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "sheet pdf rejected",
+			spec:    driveExportSpec{Token: "sheet123", DocType: "sheet", FileExtension: "pdf"},
+			wantErr: "cannot be exported as pdf",
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "bitable pdf rejected",
+			spec:    driveExportSpec{Token: "base123", DocType: "bitable", FileExtension: "pdf"},
+			wantErr: "cannot be exported as pdf",
 		},
 		{
 			name:    "pptx non slides rejected",
 			spec:    driveExportSpec{Token: "docx123", DocType: "docx", FileExtension: "pptx"},
-			wantErr: "only supports --doc-type slides",
+			wantErr: "cannot be exported as pptx",
 		},
 		{
 			name:    "slides csv rejected",
 			spec:    driveExportSpec{Token: "slides123", DocType: "slides", FileExtension: "csv"},
-			wantErr: "slides only supports",
+			wantErr: "cannot be exported as csv",
 		},
 		{
 			name:    "unknown doc type rejected",
@@ -113,6 +149,29 @@ func TestValidateDriveExportSpec(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

+func TestValidateDriveExportUnsupportedFormatHasHint(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	err := validateDriveExportSpec(driveExportSpec{
+		Token:         "docx123",
+		DocType:       "docx",
+		FileExtension: "csv",
+	})
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected unsupported format error, got nil")
+	}
+	var valErr *errs.ValidationError
+	if !errors.As(err, &valErr) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected *errs.ValidationError, got %T", err)
+	}
+	if valErr.Param != "--file-extension" {
+		t.Fatalf("param = %q, want --file-extension", valErr.Param)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(valErr.Hint, "docx, pdf, markdown") || !strings.Contains(valErr.Hint, "--url") {
+		t.Fatalf("hint = %q, want allowed formats and URL retry guidance", valErr.Hint)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestDriveExportMarkdownWritesFile(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())
 	fetchStub := &httpmock.Stub{
@@ -440,6 +499,76 @@ func TestDriveExportMarkdownRejectsMissingDocumentContent(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

+func TestDriveExportURLInfersDocType(t *testing.T) {
+	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())
+	createStub := &httpmock.Stub{
+		Method: "POST",
+		URL:    "/open-apis/drive/v1/export_tasks",
+		Body: map[string]interface{}{
+			"code": 0,
+			"data": map[string]interface{}{"ticket": "tk_url"},
+		},
+	}
+	reg.Register(createStub)
+	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
+		Method: "GET",
+		URL:    "/open-apis/drive/v1/export_tasks/tk_url",
+		Body: map[string]interface{}{
+			"code": 0,
+			"data": map[string]interface{}{
+				"result": map[string]interface{}{
+					"job_status":     0,
+					"file_token":     "box_url",
+					"file_name":      "url-report",
+					"file_extension": "pdf",
+					"type":           "docx",
+					"file_size":      3,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
+		Method:  "GET",
+		URL:     "/open-apis/drive/v1/export_tasks/file/box_url/download",
+		Status:  200,
+		RawBody: []byte("pdf"),
+		Headers: http.Header{
+			"Content-Type":        []string{"application/pdf"},
+			"Content-Disposition": []string{`attachment; filename="url-report.pdf"`},
+		},
+	})
+
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	withDriveWorkingDir(t, tmpDir)
+
+	prevAttempts, prevInterval := driveExportPollAttempts, driveExportPollInterval
+	driveExportPollAttempts, driveExportPollInterval = 1, 0
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		driveExportPollAttempts, driveExportPollInterval = prevAttempts, prevInterval
+	})
+
+	err := mountAndRunDrive(t, DriveExport, []string{
+		"+export",
+		"--url", "https://example.feishu.cn/docx/docxURL123",
+		"--file-extension", "pdf",
+		"--as", "bot",
+	}, f, stdout)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var createBody map[string]interface{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(createStub.CapturedBody, &createBody); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal export_tasks body: %v", err)
+	}
+	if createBody["token"] != "docxURL123" {
+		t.Fatalf("export_tasks body token = %v, want token from URL", createBody["token"])
+	}
+	if createBody["type"] != "docx" {
+		t.Fatalf("export_tasks body type = %v, want inferred docx", createBody["type"])
+	}
+}
+
 func TestDriveExportAsyncSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())
 	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
@@ -510,6 +639,266 @@ func TestDriveExportAsyncSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

+func TestDriveExportWikiURLResolvesBeforeAsyncTask(t *testing.T) {
+	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())
+	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
+		Method: "GET",
+		URL:    "/open-apis/wiki/v2/spaces/get_node",
+		Body: map[string]interface{}{
+			"code": 0,
+			"data": map[string]interface{}{
+				"node": map[string]interface{}{
+					"obj_type":  "docx",
+					"obj_token": "docxResolved",
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	createStub := &httpmock.Stub{
+		Method: "POST",
+		URL:    "/open-apis/drive/v1/export_tasks",
+		Body: map[string]interface{}{
+			"code": 0,
+			"data": map[string]interface{}{"ticket": "tk_wiki"},
+		},
+	}
+	reg.Register(createStub)
+	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
+		Method: "GET",
+		URL:    "/open-apis/drive/v1/export_tasks/tk_wiki",
+		Body: map[string]interface{}{
+			"code": 0,
+			"data": map[string]interface{}{
+				"result": map[string]interface{}{
+					"job_status":     0,
+					"file_token":     "box_wiki",
+					"file_name":      "wiki-report",
+					"file_extension": "pdf",
+					"type":           "docx",
+					"file_size":      3,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
+		Method:  "GET",
+		URL:     "/open-apis/drive/v1/export_tasks/file/box_wiki/download",
+		Status:  200,
+		RawBody: []byte("pdf"),
+		Headers: http.Header{
+			"Content-Type":        []string{"application/pdf"},
+			"Content-Disposition": []string{`attachment; filename="wiki-report.pdf"`},
+		},
+	})
+
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	withDriveWorkingDir(t, tmpDir)
+
+	prevAttempts, prevInterval := driveExportPollAttempts, driveExportPollInterval
+	driveExportPollAttempts, driveExportPollInterval = 1, 0
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		driveExportPollAttempts, driveExportPollInterval = prevAttempts, prevInterval
+	})
+
+	err := mountAndRunDrive(t, DriveExport, []string{
+		"+export",
+		"--url", "https://example.feishu.cn/wiki/wikiNode123",
+		"--file-extension", "pdf",
+		"--as", "bot",
+	}, f, stdout)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var createBody map[string]interface{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(createStub.CapturedBody, &createBody); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal export_tasks body: %v", err)
+	}
+	if createBody["token"] != "docxResolved" {
+		t.Fatalf("export_tasks body token = %v, want resolved docx token", createBody["token"])
+	}
+	if createBody["type"] != "docx" {
+		t.Fatalf("export_tasks body type = %v, want docx", createBody["type"])
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(stdout.String(), `"wiki_token": "wikiNode123"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("stdout missing wiki token context: %s", stdout.String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDriveExportBareWikiTypeResolvesBeforeAsyncTask(t *testing.T) {
+	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())
+	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
+		Method: "GET",
+		URL:    "/open-apis/wiki/v2/spaces/get_node",
+		Body: map[string]interface{}{
+			"code": 0,
+			"data": map[string]interface{}{
+				"node": map[string]interface{}{
+					"obj_type":  "docx",
+					"obj_token": "docxResolved",
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	createStub := &httpmock.Stub{
+		Method: "POST",
+		URL:    "/open-apis/drive/v1/export_tasks",
+		Body: map[string]interface{}{
+			"code": 0,
+			"data": map[string]interface{}{"ticket": "tk_wiki_token"},
+		},
+	}
+	reg.Register(createStub)
+	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
+		Method: "GET",
+		URL:    "/open-apis/drive/v1/export_tasks/tk_wiki_token",
+		Body: map[string]interface{}{
+			"code": 0,
+			"data": map[string]interface{}{
+				"result": map[string]interface{}{
+					"job_status":     0,
+					"file_token":     "box_wiki_token",
+					"file_name":      "wiki-token-report",
+					"file_extension": "pdf",
+					"type":           "docx",
+					"file_size":      3,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
+		Method:  "GET",
+		URL:     "/open-apis/drive/v1/export_tasks/file/box_wiki_token/download",
+		Status:  200,
+		RawBody: []byte("pdf"),
+		Headers: http.Header{
+			"Content-Type":        []string{"application/pdf"},
+			"Content-Disposition": []string{`attachment; filename="wiki-token-report.pdf"`},
+		},
+	})
+
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	withDriveWorkingDir(t, tmpDir)
+
+	prevAttempts, prevInterval := driveExportPollAttempts, driveExportPollInterval
+	driveExportPollAttempts, driveExportPollInterval = 1, 0
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		driveExportPollAttempts, driveExportPollInterval = prevAttempts, prevInterval
+	})
+
+	err := mountAndRunDrive(t, DriveExport, []string{
+		"+export",
+		"--token", "wikiNodeBare",
+		"--doc-type", "wiki",
+		"--file-extension", "pdf",
+		"--as", "bot",
+	}, f, stdout)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var createBody map[string]interface{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(createStub.CapturedBody, &createBody); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal export_tasks body: %v", err)
+	}
+	if createBody["token"] != "docxResolved" {
+		t.Fatalf("export_tasks body token = %v, want resolved docx token", createBody["token"])
+	}
+	if createBody["type"] != "docx" {
+		t.Fatalf("export_tasks body type = %v, want resolved docx type", createBody["type"])
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(stdout.String(), `"wiki_token": "wikiNodeBare"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("stdout missing wiki token context: %s", stdout.String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDriveExportBareWikiTokenFileTokenInvalidDoesNotFallback(t *testing.T) {
+	f, stdout, stderr, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())
+	firstCreate := &httpmock.Stub{
+		Method: "POST",
+		URL:    "/open-apis/drive/v1/export_tasks",
+		Status: 404,
+		Body: map[string]interface{}{
+			"code":   1069914,
+			"msg":    "file token invalid",
+			"log_id": "20260708000000TEST",
+		},
+		BodyFilter: func(body []byte) bool {
+			return strings.Contains(string(body), `"token":"wikiNodeBare"`)
+		},
+	}
+	reg.Register(firstCreate)
+
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	withDriveWorkingDir(t, tmpDir)
+
+	prevAttempts, prevInterval := driveExportPollAttempts, driveExportPollInterval
+	driveExportPollAttempts, driveExportPollInterval = 1, 0
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		driveExportPollAttempts, driveExportPollInterval = prevAttempts, prevInterval
+	})
+
+	err := mountAndRunDrive(t, DriveExport, []string{
+		"+export",
+		"--token", "wikiNodeBare",
+		"--doc-type", "docx",
+		"--file-extension", "pdf",
+		"--as", "bot",
+	}, f, stdout)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected file token invalid error, got nil")
+	}
+
+	if len(firstCreate.CapturedBody) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("first export task request was not sent with the original token")
+	}
+	problem, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("expected typed API error, got %T: %v", err, err)
+	}
+	if problem.Code != 1069914 {
+		t.Fatalf("error code = %d, want 1069914", problem.Code)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(stderr.String(), "Resolving wiki node for export") {
+		t.Fatalf("stderr unexpectedly contains wiki resolution log: %s", stderr.String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDriveExportWikiResolvedTypeMismatch(t *testing.T) {
+	f, _, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())
+	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
+		Method: "GET",
+		URL:    "/open-apis/wiki/v2/spaces/get_node",
+		Body: map[string]interface{}{
+			"code": 0,
+			"data": map[string]interface{}{
+				"node": map[string]interface{}{
+					"obj_type":  "sheet",
+					"obj_token": "shtResolved",
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	err := mountAndRunDrive(t, DriveExport, []string{
+		"+export",
+		"--token", "https://example.feishu.cn/wiki/wikiSheet123",
+		"--doc-type", "docx",
+		"--file-extension", "pdf",
+		"--as", "bot",
+	}, f, nil)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected type mismatch error, got nil")
+	}
+	var valErr *errs.ValidationError
+	if !errors.As(err, &valErr) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected *errs.ValidationError, got %T", err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(valErr.Message, `wiki resolved to "sheet"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("error message = %q, want resolved type", valErr.Message)
+	}
+}
+
 // TestDriveExportEmptyOutputDirDownloadsToCwd guards the export refactor: an
 // explicit empty --output-dir must still download to the current directory
 // (normalized to "."), not trigger the export-only no-download path that the
--- a/shortcuts/drive/drive_pull.go
+++ b/shortcuts/drive/drive_pull.go
@@ -184,7 +184,6 @@ var DrivePull = common.Shortcut{

 		var downloaded, skipped, failed, deletedLocal int
 		downloadFailed := 0
-		aborted := false
 		items := make([]drivePullItem, 0)

 		// Deterministic iteration order for output stability.
@@ -195,7 +194,7 @@ var DrivePull = common.Shortcut{
 		sort.Strings(downloadablePaths)

 		for _, rel := range downloadablePaths {
-			if aborted {
+			if drivePullHasTerminalFailure(items) {
 				break
 			}
 			targetFile := remoteFiles[rel]
@@ -233,7 +232,6 @@ var DrivePull = common.Shortcut{
 				failed++
 				downloadFailed++
 				if terminal {
-					aborted = true
 					fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +pull after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, err)
 					break
 				}
@@ -300,7 +298,7 @@ var DrivePull = common.Shortcut{
 				"skipped":       skipped,
 				"failed":        failed,
 				"deleted_local": deletedLocal,
-				"aborted":       aborted,
+				"aborted":       drivePullHasTerminalFailure(items),
 			},
 			"items": items,
 		}
@@ -349,6 +347,15 @@ func drivePullFailedItem(relPath, fileToken, sourceID, action, phase string, err
 	return item, decision.Terminal
 }

+func drivePullHasTerminalFailure(items []drivePullItem) bool {
+	for _, item := range items {
+		if driveTerminalBatchErrorClass(item.ErrorClass) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // drivePullDownload streams one Drive file into the local mirror target and
 // then best-effort aligns the local mtime to Drive's modified_time.
 func drivePullDownload(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, fileToken, target, remoteModifiedTime string) error {
--- a/shortcuts/drive/drive_push.go
+++ b/shortcuts/drive/drive_push.go
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ type drivePushItem struct {
 	Version    string `json:"version,omitempty"`
 	SizeBytes  int64  `json:"size_bytes,omitempty"`
 	Error      string `json:"error,omitempty"`
-	Hint       string `json:"hint,omitempty"`
 	Phase      string `json:"phase,omitempty"`
 	ErrorClass string `json:"error_class,omitempty"`
 	Code       int    `json:"code,omitempty"`
@@ -49,7 +48,6 @@ type driveBatchFailureDecision struct {
 	Subtype   string
 	Retryable bool
 	Terminal  bool
-	Hint      string
 }

 // DrivePush is a one-way, file-level mirror from a local directory onto a
@@ -242,7 +240,6 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{
 		// locally and now on Drive too), which is the worst-of-both-worlds
 		// outcome the review flagged.
 		uploadFailed := false
-		aborted := false

 		// folderCache holds rel_path → folder_token. Seeded from the remote
 		// listing (so we don't recreate folders that already exist) and
@@ -269,7 +266,6 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{
 				failed++
 				uploadFailed = true
 				if terminal {
-					aborted = true
 					fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +push after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, ensureErr)
 					break
 				}
@@ -288,7 +284,7 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{

 		for _, rel := range localPaths {
 			localFile := localFiles[rel]
-			if uploadFailed && aborted {
+			if uploadFailed && drivePushHasTerminalFailure(items) {
 				break
 			}

@@ -305,7 +301,6 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{
 					failed++
 					uploadFailed = true
 					if terminal {
-						aborted = true
 						fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +push after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, parentErr)
 						break
 					}
@@ -337,7 +332,6 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{
 					failed++
 					uploadFailed = true
 					if terminal {
-						aborted = true
 						fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +push after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, upErr)
 						break
 					}
@@ -356,7 +350,6 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{
 				failed++
 				uploadFailed = true
 				if terminal {
-					aborted = true
 					fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +push after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, ensureErr)
 					break
 				}
@@ -369,7 +362,6 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{
 				failed++
 				uploadFailed = true
 				if terminal {
-					aborted = true
 					fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +push after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, upErr)
 					break
 				}
@@ -415,15 +407,10 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{
 						continue
 					}
 					if err := drivePushDeleteFile(ctx, runtime, entry.FileToken); err != nil {
-						if drivePushIsAlreadyDeleted(err) {
-							items = append(items, drivePushItem{RelPath: rel, FileToken: entry.FileToken, Action: "already_deleted"})
-							continue
-						}
 						item, terminal := drivePushFailedItem(rel, entry.FileToken, "delete_failed", "delete", 0, err)
 						items = append(items, item)
 						failed++
 						if terminal {
-							aborted = true
 							fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +push after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, err)
 							abortDelete = true
 							break
@@ -442,7 +429,7 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{
 				"skipped":        skipped,
 				"failed":         failed,
 				"deleted_remote": deletedRemote,
-				"aborted":        aborted,
+				"aborted":        drivePushHasTerminalFailure(items),
 			},
 			"items": items,
 		}
@@ -580,7 +567,6 @@ func drivePushFailedItem(relPath, fileToken, action, phase string, sizeBytes int
 		Action:     action,
 		SizeBytes:  sizeBytes,
 		Error:      err.Error(),
-		Hint:       decision.Hint,
 		Phase:      phase,
 		ErrorClass: decision.Class,
 		Code:       decision.Code,
@@ -623,18 +609,10 @@ func driveClassifyBatchFailure(err error) driveBatchFailureDecision {
 	case problem.Subtype == errs.SubtypeRateLimit || problem.Code == 99991400:
 		decision.Class = "rate_limited"
 		decision.Terminal = true
-	case problem.Code == 1062507:
-		decision.Class = "parent_sibling_limit"
-		decision.Terminal = true
-		decision.Hint = "The destination parent folder has reached its child-count limit. Clean up that folder, choose another --folder-token, or split the upload across subfolders before retrying."
 	case problem.Subtype == errs.SubtypeQuotaExceeded || problem.Code == 1061043:
 		decision.Class = "file_size_limit"
 	case problem.Code == 1062009:
 		decision.Class = "upload_size_mismatch"
-	case problem.Code == 1061044:
-		decision.Class = "parent_node_missing"
-		decision.Terminal = true
-		decision.Hint = "The destination parent folder no longer exists or is not visible. Verify --folder-token, folder permissions, and whether a parent directory was deleted during push before retrying."
 	case problem.Subtype == errs.SubtypeNotFound || problem.Code == 1061007:
 		decision.Class = "remote_not_found"
 	case problem.Subtype == errs.SubtypeServerError || problem.Code == 1061001 || problem.Code == 2200:
@@ -648,9 +626,22 @@ func driveClassifyBatchFailure(err error) driveBatchFailureDecision {
 	return decision
 }

-func drivePushIsAlreadyDeleted(err error) bool {
-	problem, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-	return ok && problem.Code == 1061007
+func drivePushHasTerminalFailure(items []drivePushItem) bool {
+	for _, item := range items {
+		if driveTerminalBatchErrorClass(item.ErrorClass) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func driveTerminalBatchErrorClass(errorClass string) bool {
+	switch errorClass {
+	case "app_scope_missing", "user_scope_missing", "permission_denied", "invalid_api_parameters", "rate_limited", "server_error":
+		return true
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
 }

 func drivePushRemoteViews(entries []driveRemoteEntry, duplicateRemote string) (map[string]driveRemoteEntry, map[string]driveRemoteEntry, map[string][]driveRemoteEntry, error) {
--- a/shortcuts/drive/drive_push_test.go
+++ b/shortcuts/drive/drive_push_test.go
@@ -732,65 +732,6 @@ func TestDrivePushDeleteRemoteAbortsAfterTerminalFailure(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestDrivePushDeleteRemoteTreatsAlreadyDeletedAsNoop(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())
-
-	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
-	withDriveWorkingDir(t, tmpDir)
-	if err := os.MkdirAll("local", 0o755); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("MkdirAll: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "GET",
-		URL:    "folder_token=folder_root",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 0, "msg": "ok",
-			"data": map[string]interface{}{
-				"files": []interface{}{
-					map[string]interface{}{"token": "tok_orphan", "name": "orphan.txt", "type": "file"},
-				},
-				"has_more": false,
-			},
-		},
-	})
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "DELETE",
-		URL:    "/open-apis/drive/v1/files/tok_orphan",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 1061007,
-			"msg":  "file has been delete.",
-		},
-	})
-
-	err := mountAndRunDrive(t, DrivePush, []string{
-		"+push",
-		"--local-dir", "local",
-		"--folder-token", "folder_root",
-		"--delete-remote",
-		"--yes",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("already-deleted remote should be an idempotent success, got: %v\nstdout: %s", err, stdout.String())
-	}
-
-	summary, items := splitDrivePushStdout(t, stdout.Bytes())
-	if got := summary["failed"]; got != float64(0) {
-		t.Fatalf("summary.failed = %v, want 0", got)
-	}
-	if got := summary["deleted_remote"]; got != float64(0) {
-		t.Fatalf("summary.deleted_remote = %v, want 0 because CLI did not delete it in this run", got)
-	}
-	if len(items) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("items len = %d, want 1; items=%#v", len(items), items)
-	}
-	item := items[0]
-	if item["action"] != "already_deleted" || item["file_token"] != "tok_orphan" {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected already-deleted item: %#v", item)
-	}
-}
-
 func TestDrivePushNewestOverwritesChosenDuplicateAndDeletesSibling(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())

@@ -1196,78 +1137,6 @@ func TestDrivePushAbortsAfterUploadParamsError(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestDrivePushAbortsAfterUploadParentNodeMissing(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())
-
-	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
-	withDriveWorkingDir(t, tmpDir)
-	if err := os.MkdirAll("local", 0o755); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("MkdirAll: %v", err)
-	}
-	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join("local", "a.txt"), []byte("A"), 0o644); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("WriteFile a: %v", err)
-	}
-	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join("local", "b.txt"), []byte("B"), 0o644); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("WriteFile b: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "GET",
-		URL:    "folder_token=folder_root",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 0, "msg": "ok",
-			"data": map[string]interface{}{"files": []interface{}{}, "has_more": false},
-		},
-	})
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "POST",
-		URL:    "/open-apis/drive/v1/files/upload_all",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 1061044,
-			"msg":  "parent node not exist.",
-		},
-	})
-
-	err := mountAndRunDrive(t, DrivePush, []string{
-		"+push",
-		"--local-dir", "local",
-		"--folder-token", "folder_root",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected partial failure, got nil\nstdout: %s", stdout.String())
-	}
-	var pfErr *output.PartialFailureError
-	if !errors.As(err, &pfErr) {
-		t.Fatalf("expected *output.PartialFailureError, got %T: %v", err, err)
-	}
-	summary, items := splitDrivePushStdout(t, stdout.Bytes())
-	if got := summary["failed"]; got != float64(1) {
-		t.Fatalf("summary.failed = %v, want 1", got)
-	}
-	if got := summary["aborted"]; got != true {
-		t.Fatalf("summary.aborted = %v, want true", got)
-	}
-	if len(items) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("items len = %d, want 1; items=%#v", len(items), items)
-	}
-	item := items[0]
-	if item["rel_path"] != "a.txt" || item["phase"] != "upload" || item["error_class"] != "parent_node_missing" {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected failed item: %#v", item)
-	}
-	if item["code"] != float64(1061044) || item["subtype"] != "not_found" || item["retryable"] != false {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected failure metadata: %#v", item)
-	}
-	if got, _ := item["hint"].(string); !strings.Contains(got, "--folder-token") || !strings.Contains(got, "parent") {
-		t.Fatalf("hint should point at the destination parent folder, got item=%#v", item)
-	}
-	for _, item := range items {
-		if item["rel_path"] == "b.txt" {
-			t.Fatalf("parent-node missing must abort before b.txt, got items=%#v", items)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 func TestDrivePushAbortsAfterCreateFolderMissingScope(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())

@@ -1334,75 +1203,6 @@ func TestDrivePushAbortsAfterCreateFolderMissingScope(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestDrivePushAbortsAfterCreateFolderParentSiblingLimit(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())
-
-	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
-	withDriveWorkingDir(t, tmpDir)
-	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join("local", "a"), 0o755); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("MkdirAll a: %v", err)
-	}
-	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join("local", "b"), 0o755); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("MkdirAll b: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "GET",
-		URL:    "folder_token=folder_root",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 0, "msg": "ok",
-			"data": map[string]interface{}{"files": []interface{}{}, "has_more": false},
-		},
-	})
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "POST",
-		URL:    "/open-apis/drive/v1/files/create_folder",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 1062507,
-			"msg":  "parent node out of sibling num.",
-		},
-	})
-
-	err := mountAndRunDrive(t, DrivePush, []string{
-		"+push",
-		"--local-dir", "local",
-		"--folder-token", "folder_root",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected partial failure, got nil\nstdout: %s", stdout.String())
-	}
-	var pfErr *output.PartialFailureError
-	if !errors.As(err, &pfErr) {
-		t.Fatalf("expected *output.PartialFailureError, got %T: %v", err, err)
-	}
-	summary, items := splitDrivePushStdout(t, stdout.Bytes())
-	if got := summary["failed"]; got != float64(1) {
-		t.Fatalf("summary.failed = %v, want 1", got)
-	}
-	if got := summary["aborted"]; got != true {
-		t.Fatalf("summary.aborted = %v, want true", got)
-	}
-	if len(items) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("items len = %d, want 1; items=%#v", len(items), items)
-	}
-	item := items[0]
-	if item["rel_path"] != "a" || item["phase"] != "create_folder" || item["error_class"] != "parent_sibling_limit" {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected failed item: %#v", item)
-	}
-	if item["code"] != float64(1062507) || item["subtype"] != "quota_exceeded" || item["retryable"] != false {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected failure metadata: %#v", item)
-	}
-	if got, _ := item["hint"].(string); !strings.Contains(got, "--folder-token") || !strings.Contains(got, "child-count limit") {
-		t.Fatalf("hint should explain the destination folder child-count limit, got item=%#v", item)
-	}
-	for _, item := range items {
-		if item["rel_path"] == "b" {
-			t.Fatalf("parent sibling limit must abort before b, got items=%#v", items)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 func TestDrivePushDetectsLocalFileChangedBeforeUpload(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())

--- a/shortcuts/drive/drive_sync.go
+++ b/shortcuts/drive/drive_sync.go
@@ -268,7 +268,6 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{

 		// --- Phase 2: Execute sync operations ---
 		var pulled, pushed, skipped, failed int
-		aborted := false
 		items := make([]driveSyncItem, 0)

 		// Build push infrastructure: local walk for push + remote views + folder cache.
@@ -287,21 +286,16 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 		// Mirror local directory structure first (same as +push), so
 		// empty local directories are not silently dropped.
 		for _, relDir := range localDirs {
-			if aborted {
+			if driveSyncHasTerminalFailure(items) {
 				break
 			}
 			if _, alreadyRemote := folderCache[relDir]; alreadyRemote {
 				continue
 			}
 			if _, ensureErr := drivePushEnsureFolder(ctx, runtime, folderToken, relDir, folderCache); ensureErr != nil {
-				item, terminal := driveSyncFailedItem(relDir, "", "failed", "push", "create_folder", ensureErr)
+				item, _ := driveSyncFailedItem(relDir, "", "failed", "push", "create_folder", ensureErr)
 				items = append(items, item)
 				failed++
-				if terminal {
-					aborted = true
-					fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +sync after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, ensureErr)
-					break
-				}
 				continue
 			}
 			items = append(items, driveSyncItem{RelPath: relDir, FileToken: folderCache[relDir], Action: "folder_created", Direction: "push"})
@@ -310,7 +304,7 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{

 		// 2a. Pull new_remote files.
 		for _, entry := range newRemote {
-			if aborted {
+			if driveSyncHasTerminalFailure(items) {
 				break
 			}
 			targetFile, ok := pullRemoteFiles[entry.RelPath]
@@ -324,7 +318,6 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 				items = append(items, item)
 				failed++
 				if terminal {
-					aborted = true
 					fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +sync after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, err)
 					break
 				}
@@ -336,7 +329,7 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{

 		// 2b. Push new_local files.
 		for _, entry := range newLocal {
-			if aborted {
+			if driveSyncHasTerminalFailure(items) {
 				break
 			}
 			localFile, ok := pushLocalFiles[entry.RelPath]
@@ -348,14 +341,9 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 			parentRel := drivePushParentRel(entry.RelPath)
 			parentToken, ensureErr := drivePushEnsureFolder(ctx, runtime, folderToken, parentRel, folderCache)
 			if ensureErr != nil {
-				item, terminal := driveSyncFailedItem(entry.RelPath, "", "failed", "push", "create_folder", ensureErr)
+				item, _ := driveSyncFailedItem(entry.RelPath, "", "failed", "push", "create_folder", ensureErr)
 				items = append(items, item)
 				failed++
-				if terminal {
-					aborted = true
-					fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +sync after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, ensureErr)
-					break
-				}
 				continue
 			}
 			token, _, upErr := drivePushUploadFile(ctx, runtime, localFile, "", parentToken)
@@ -364,7 +352,6 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 				items = append(items, item)
 				failed++
 				if terminal {
-					aborted = true
 					fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +sync after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, upErr)
 					break
 				}
@@ -376,7 +363,7 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{

 		// 2c. Resolve modified files by --on-conflict strategy.
 		for _, entry := range modified {
-			if aborted {
+			if driveSyncHasTerminalFailure(items) {
 				break
 			}
 			remoteFile := remoteFiles[entry.RelPath]
@@ -410,7 +397,6 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 					items = append(items, item)
 					failed++
 					if terminal {
-						aborted = true
 						fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +sync after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, err)
 						break
 					}
@@ -429,14 +415,9 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 				}
 				parentToken, parentErr := drivePushEnsureFolder(ctx, runtime, folderToken, drivePushParentRel(entry.RelPath), folderCache)
 				if parentErr != nil {
-					item, terminal := driveSyncFailedItem(entry.RelPath, existingToken, "failed", "push", "create_folder", parentErr)
+					item, _ := driveSyncFailedItem(entry.RelPath, existingToken, "failed", "push", "create_folder", parentErr)
 					items = append(items, item)
 					failed++
-					if terminal {
-						aborted = true
-						fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +sync after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, parentErr)
-						break
-					}
 					continue
 				}
 				token, _, upErr := drivePushUploadFile(ctx, runtime, localFile, existingToken, parentToken)
@@ -454,7 +435,6 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 					items = append(items, item)
 					failed++
 					if terminal {
-						aborted = true
 						fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +sync after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, upErr)
 						break
 					}
@@ -523,7 +503,6 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 					items = append(items, item)
 					failed++
 					if terminal {
-						aborted = true
 						fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +sync after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, downloadErr)
 						break
 					}
@@ -552,7 +531,7 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 				"pushed":  pushed,
 				"skipped": skipped,
 				"failed":  failed,
-				"aborted": aborted,
+				"aborted": driveSyncHasTerminalFailure(items),
 			},
 			"items": items,
 		}
@@ -598,6 +577,15 @@ func driveSyncFailedItem(relPath, fileToken, action, direction, phase string, er
 	return item, decision.Terminal
 }

+func driveSyncHasTerminalFailure(items []driveSyncItem) bool {
+	for _, item := range items {
+		if driveTerminalBatchErrorClass(item.ErrorClass) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // driveSyncAskConflict prompts the user for a conflict resolution strategy
 // for a single file. Returns the strategy string, or empty string if the
 // user chose to skip.
--- a/shortcuts/event/subscribe.go
+++ b/shortcuts/event/subscribe.go
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/validate"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"

+	lark "github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3"
 	larkcore "github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3/core"
 	larkevent "github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3/event"
 	"github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3/event/dispatcher"
@@ -246,7 +247,10 @@ var EventSubscribe = common.Shortcut{
 		}

 		// --- WebSocket ---
-		domain := core.ResolveEndpoints(runtime.Config.Brand).Open
+		domain := lark.FeishuBaseUrl
+		if runtime.Config.Brand == core.BrandLark {
+			domain = lark.LarkBaseUrl
+		}

 		info(fmt.Sprintf("%sConnecting to Lark event WebSocket...%s", output.Cyan, output.Reset))
 		if eventTypeFilter != nil {
--- a/shortcuts/event/subscribe_test.go
+++ b/shortcuts/event/subscribe_test.go
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package event
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
-	lark "github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3"
-)
-
-// TestWSDomainMatchesResolver guards the invariant that lets the event
-// WebSocket domain be resolved via core.ResolveEndpoints instead of the SDK
-// base-URL constants: the resolver's Open host must equal the SDK's per-brand
-// base URL. If the SDK constants ever drift from the resolver, this fails.
-func TestWSDomainMatchesResolver(t *testing.T) {
-	if got, want := core.ResolveEndpoints(core.BrandFeishu).Open, lark.FeishuBaseUrl; got != want {
-		t.Errorf("feishu WS domain = %q, want SDK %q", got, want)
-	}
-	if got, want := core.ResolveEndpoints(core.BrandLark).Open, lark.LarkBaseUrl; got != want {
-		t.Errorf("lark WS domain = %q, want SDK %q", got, want)
-	}
-}
--- a/shortcuts/mail/helpers.go
+++ b/shortcuts/mail/helpers.go
@@ -51,8 +51,9 @@ func hintSendDraft(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, mailboxID, draftID string) {
 // original message as read after a reply/reply-all/forward operation.
 func hintMarkAsRead(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, mailboxID, originalMessageID string) {
 	fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut,
-		"tip: mark original as read? lark-cli mail +message-modify --mailbox '%s' --message-ids '%s' --remove-label-ids UNREAD\n",
-		shellQuoteForHint(mailboxID), shellQuoteForHint(originalMessageID))
+		"tip: mark original as read? lark-cli mail user_mailbox.messages batch_modify_message"+
+			` --params '{"user_mailbox_id":"%s"}' --data '{"message_ids":["%s"],"remove_label_ids":["UNREAD"]}'`+"\n",
+		sanitizeForTerminal(mailboxID), sanitizeForTerminal(originalMessageID))
 }

 // hintReadReceiptRequest prints a stderr tip when a message that the caller
--- a/shortcuts/mail/helpers_test.go
+++ b/shortcuts/mail/helpers_test.go
@@ -465,19 +465,14 @@ func TestPrintWatchOutputSchema(t *testing.T) {
 // TestHintMarkAsRead verifies hint mark as read.
 func TestHintMarkAsRead(t *testing.T) {
 	rt, _, stderr := newOutputRuntime(t)
-	hintMarkAsRead(rt, "mail box;$(whoami)", "msg-\x1b[31m123 'quoted'\nnext")
+	// Inject ANSI escape + message ID to verify sanitization
+	hintMarkAsRead(rt, "me", "msg-\x1b[31m123")
 	out := stderr.String()
 	if strings.Contains(out, "\x1b[") {
 		t.Errorf("hintMarkAsRead should sanitize ANSI escapes, got: %q", out)
 	}
-	if strings.Contains(out, "\nnext") {
-		t.Errorf("hintMarkAsRead should strip embedded newlines, got: %q", out)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "--mailbox 'mail box;$(whoami)'") {
-		t.Errorf("hintMarkAsRead should quote mailbox for shell copy/paste, got: %q", out)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "--message-ids 'msg-123 '\\''quoted'\\''next'") {
-		t.Errorf("hintMarkAsRead should quote message ID for shell copy/paste, got: %q", out)
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "msg-123") {
+		t.Errorf("hintMarkAsRead should contain sanitized message ID, got: %q", out)
 	}
 }

--- a/shortcuts/mail/mail_json_shorthand_test.go
+++ b/shortcuts/mail/mail_json_shorthand_test.go
@@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package mail
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
-)
-
-// help 必须列出 --json 简写
-func TestMailTriageHelpListsJSONShorthand(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, _ := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	if err := runMountedMailShortcutWithCobraOutput(t, MailTriage, []string{"+triage", "-h"}, f, stdout); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("help returned error: %v", err)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(stdout.String(), "shorthand for --format json") {
-		t.Fatalf("triage help missing --json shorthand\n%s", stdout.String())
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMailWatchHelpListsJSONShorthand(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, _ := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	if err := runMountedMailShortcutWithCobraOutput(t, MailWatch, []string{"+watch", "-h"}, f, stdout); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("help returned error: %v", err)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(stdout.String(), "shorthand for --format json") {
-		t.Fatalf("watch help missing --json shorthand\n%s", stdout.String())
-	}
-}
-
-// 行为验证：--json 走 JSON 输出路径，不输出 table read hint
-func TestMailTriageJSONShorthandDoesNotEmitReadHint(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, stderr, reg := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	registerTriageReadHintStubs(reg)
-
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailTriage, []string{"+triage", "--json", "--max", "1"}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("triage --json returned error: %v", err)
-	}
-	reg.Verify(t)
-	if strings.Contains(stderr.String(), "tip: read full content:") {
-		t.Fatalf("--json must follow the JSON path, got table hint\nstderr=%s", stderr.String())
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(stdout.String(), `"messages"`) {
-		t.Fatalf("--json stdout missing JSON payload\n%s", stdout.String())
-	}
-}
-
-// 等价性验证：--json 与 --format json 的 dry-run 输出一致
-func TestMailTriageJSONShorthandDryRunEquivalence(t *testing.T) {
-	f1, stdout1, _, _ := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	if err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailTriage, []string{"+triage", "--json", "--max", "1", "--dry-run"}, f1, stdout1); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("--json --dry-run error: %v", err)
-	}
-	f2, stdout2, _, _ := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	if err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailTriage, []string{"+triage", "--format", "json", "--max", "1", "--dry-run"}, f2, stdout2); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("--format json --dry-run error: %v", err)
-	}
-	if stdout1.String() != stdout2.String() {
-		t.Fatalf("dry-run outputs differ:\n--json:\n%s\n--format json:\n%s", stdout1.String(), stdout2.String())
-	}
-}
-
-// 优先级验证：显式 --format table 优先，--json 让位 → 仍走 table 路径
-func TestMailTriageExplicitTableWinsOverJSONShorthand(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, stderr, reg := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	registerTriageReadHintStubs(reg)
-
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailTriage, []string{"+triage", "--format", "table", "--json", "--max", "1"}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("triage returned error: %v", err)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(stderr.String(), "tip: read full content:") {
-		t.Fatalf("explicit --format table must win over --json (expected table hint)\nstderr=%s", stderr.String())
-	}
-}
-
-// 错误验证：Enum 硬校验
-func TestMailTriageEnumRejectsUnknownFormat(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, _ := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailTriage, []string{"+triage", "--format", "bogus", "--max", "1", "--dry-run"}, f, stdout)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected validation error for --format bogus")
-	}
-	problem, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("error = %T, want typed errs problem carrier", err)
-	}
-	if problem.Category != errs.CategoryValidation {
-		t.Fatalf("category = %q, want %q", problem.Category, errs.CategoryValidation)
-	}
-	if problem.Subtype != errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument {
-		t.Fatalf("subtype = %q, want %q", problem.Subtype, errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument)
-	}
-	var ve *errs.ValidationError
-	if !errors.As(err, &ve) {
-		t.Fatalf("error = %T, want *errs.ValidationError", err)
-	}
-	if ve.Param != "--format" {
-		t.Fatalf("param = %q, want --format", ve.Param)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(problem.Message, `invalid value "bogus" for --format`) {
-		t.Fatalf("message = %q, want enum validation message", problem.Message)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(problem.Message, "table, json, data") {
-		t.Fatalf("message = %q, want allowed values list", problem.Message)
-	}
-}
--- a/shortcuts/mail/mail_message_manage_test.go
+++ b/shortcuts/mail/mail_message_manage_test.go
@@ -1,482 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package mail
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/auth"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/httpmock"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/output"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
-)
-
-func messageManageID(suffix string) string {
-	return "msg_abcdefghijklmnop_" + suffix
-}
-
-func stubMessageManagePost(reg *httpmock.Registry, endpoint string, body map[string]interface{}) *httpmock.Stub {
-	stub := &httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "POST",
-		URL:    "/user_mailboxes/me/messages/" + endpoint,
-		Body:   body,
-	}
-	reg.Register(stub)
-	return stub
-}
-
-func decodeMessageManageSummary(t *testing.T, data map[string]interface{}) ([]interface{}, []interface{}) {
-	t.Helper()
-	success, ok := data["success_message_ids"].([]interface{})
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("success_message_ids = %#v, want array", data["success_message_ids"])
-	}
-	failed, ok := data["failed_message_ids"].([]interface{})
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("failed_message_ids = %#v, want array", data["failed_message_ids"])
-	}
-	return success, failed
-}
-
-func requireMessageManageValidationParam(t *testing.T, err error, param string) *errs.ValidationError {
-	t.Helper()
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected validation error for %s, got nil", param)
-	}
-	var validationErr *errs.ValidationError
-	if !errors.As(err, &validationErr) {
-		t.Fatalf("expected *errs.ValidationError for %s, got %T", param, err)
-	}
-	problem, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("expected typed Problem for %s, got %T", param, err)
-	}
-	if problem.Category != errs.CategoryValidation || problem.Subtype != errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument {
-		t.Fatalf("problem = %s/%s, want validation/invalid_argument", problem.Category, problem.Subtype)
-	}
-	if validationErr.Param != param {
-		t.Fatalf("param = %q, want %q", validationErr.Param, param)
-	}
-	return validationErr
-}
-
-func requireMessageManageFailedPrecondition(t *testing.T, err error) {
-	t.Helper()
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected failed precondition error, got nil")
-	}
-	var validationErr *errs.ValidationError
-	if !errors.As(err, &validationErr) {
-		t.Fatalf("expected *errs.ValidationError, got %T", err)
-	}
-	problem, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("expected typed Problem, got %T", err)
-	}
-	if problem.Category != errs.CategoryValidation || problem.Subtype != errs.SubtypeFailedPrecondition {
-		t.Fatalf("problem = %s/%s, want validation/failed_precondition", problem.Category, problem.Subtype)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageManage_NormalizeMessageIDs(t *testing.T) {
-	id1 := messageManageID("1")
-	id2 := messageManageID("2")
-	got, err := normalizeMessageManageIDs([]string{id1, id2, id1})
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("normalizeMessageManageIDs returned error: %v", err)
-	}
-	if len(got) != 2 || got[0] != id1 || got[1] != id2 {
-		t.Fatalf("ids = %v, want [%s %s]", got, id1, id2)
-	}
-	got, err = normalizeMessageManageIDs([]string{id1 + "," + id2, id1})
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("normalizeMessageManageIDs CSV/repeated returned error: %v", err)
-	}
-	if len(got) != 2 || got[0] != id1 || got[1] != id2 {
-		t.Fatalf("CSV/repeated ids = %v, want [%s %s]", got, id1, id2)
-	}
-
-	cases := [][]string{
-		{""},
-		{" id_with_leading_space_12345"},
-		{"msg_abcdefghijklmnop_1,msg_abcdefghijklmnop_2 "},
-		{"1234567890123456"},
-		{"short"},
-		{"msg_abcdefghijklmnop!"},
-		{"msg_abcdefghijklmnop\t"},
-		{"msg_abcdefghijklmnop_1\nmsg_abcdefghijklmnop_2"},
-		{"msg_abcdefghijklmnop_1", "msg_abcdefghijklmnop_2 "},
-	}
-	for _, tc := range cases {
-		_, err := normalizeMessageManageIDs(tc)
-		requireMessageManageValidationParam(t, err, "--message-ids")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_Metadata(t *testing.T) {
-	if MailMessageModify.Command != "+message-modify" {
-		t.Fatalf("Command = %q", MailMessageModify.Command)
-	}
-	if MailMessageModify.Risk != "write" {
-		t.Errorf("Risk = %q, want write", MailMessageModify.Risk)
-	}
-	if len(MailMessageModify.AuthTypes) != 1 || MailMessageModify.AuthTypes[0] != "user" {
-		t.Errorf("AuthTypes = %v, want [user]", MailMessageModify.AuthTypes)
-	}
-	requiredScopes := map[string]bool{
-		"mail:user_mailbox.message:modify": true,
-	}
-	for _, scope := range MailMessageModify.Scopes {
-		delete(requiredScopes, scope)
-	}
-	if len(requiredScopes) != 0 {
-		t.Errorf("Scopes missing %v", requiredScopes)
-	}
-	if len(MailMessageModify.ConditionalScopes) != 1 || MailMessageModify.ConditionalScopes[0] != "mail:user_mailbox.folder:read" {
-		t.Errorf("ConditionalScopes = %v, want [mail:user_mailbox.folder:read]", MailMessageModify.ConditionalScopes)
-	}
-	flags := map[string]common.Flag{}
-	for _, fl := range MailMessageModify.Flags {
-		flags[fl.Name] = fl
-	}
-	for _, name := range []string{"mailbox", "message-ids", "add-label-ids", "remove-label-ids", "add-folder"} {
-		if _, ok := flags[name]; !ok {
-			t.Fatalf("missing --%s flag", name)
-		}
-	}
-	if flags["message-ids"].Type != "string_array" || !flags["message-ids"].Required {
-		t.Errorf("--message-ids = %#v, want required string_array", flags["message-ids"])
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageTrash_Metadata(t *testing.T) {
-	if MailMessageTrash.Command != "+message-trash" {
-		t.Fatalf("Command = %q", MailMessageTrash.Command)
-	}
-	if MailMessageTrash.Risk != "high-risk-write" {
-		t.Errorf("Risk = %q, want high-risk-write", MailMessageTrash.Risk)
-	}
-	if len(MailMessageTrash.AuthTypes) != 1 || MailMessageTrash.AuthTypes[0] != "user" {
-		t.Errorf("AuthTypes = %v, want [user]", MailMessageTrash.AuthTypes)
-	}
-	if len(MailMessageTrash.Scopes) != 1 || MailMessageTrash.Scopes[0] != "mail:user_mailbox.message:modify" {
-		t.Errorf("Scopes = %v, want [mail:user_mailbox.message:modify]", MailMessageTrash.Scopes)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_LabelOnlyDoesNotRequireFolderReadScope(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	token := auth.GetStoredToken("test-app", "ou_testuser")
-	if token == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected test token")
-	}
-	token.Scope = strings.ReplaceAll(token.Scope, " mail:user_mailbox.folder:read", "")
-	if err := auth.SetStoredToken(token); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("SetStoredToken() error = %v", err)
-	}
-
-	id := messageManageID("1")
-	post := stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_modify", map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{}})
-
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", id,
-		"--remove-label-ids", "UNREAD",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
-	}
-	var body map[string]interface{}
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(post.CapturedBody, &body); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unmarshal captured body: %v", err)
-	}
-	removeLabels := body["remove_label_ids"].([]interface{})
-	if len(removeLabels) != 1 || removeLabels[0] != "UNREAD" {
-		t.Fatalf("remove_label_ids = %#v, want [UNREAD]", removeLabels)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_ReadReceiptRequestLabelIsSystemLabel(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	id := messageManageID("1")
-	post := stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_modify", map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{}})
-
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", id,
-		"--remove-label-ids", "read_receipt_request",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
-	}
-	var body map[string]interface{}
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(post.CapturedBody, &body); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unmarshal captured body: %v", err)
-	}
-	removeLabels := body["remove_label_ids"].([]interface{})
-	if len(removeLabels) != 1 || removeLabels[0] != "READ_RECEIPT_REQUEST" {
-		t.Fatalf("remove_label_ids = %#v, want [READ_RECEIPT_REQUEST]", removeLabels)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_LabelFolderNormalizationAndValidationAPIs(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	id := messageManageID("1")
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{Method: "GET", URL: "/user_mailboxes/me/labels/customA", Body: map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{"label_id": "customA"}}})
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{Method: "GET", URL: "/user_mailboxes/me/folders/folderA", Body: map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{"folder_id": "folderA"}}})
-	post := stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_modify", map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{}})
-
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", id,
-		"--add-label-ids", "unread,customA",
-		"--remove-label-ids", "FLAGGED",
-		"--add-folder", "folderA",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
-	}
-	var body map[string]interface{}
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(post.CapturedBody, &body); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unmarshal captured body: %v", err)
-	}
-	if got := body["add_folder"]; got != "folderA" {
-		t.Errorf("add_folder = %v, want folderA", got)
-	}
-	addLabels := body["add_label_ids"].([]interface{})
-	if addLabels[0] != "UNREAD" || addLabels[1] != "customA" {
-		t.Errorf("add_label_ids = %#v, want [UNREAD customA]", addLabels)
-	}
-	removeLabels := body["remove_label_ids"].([]interface{})
-	if removeLabels[0] != "FLAGGED" {
-		t.Errorf("remove_label_ids = %#v, want [FLAGGED]", removeLabels)
-	}
-	success, failed := decodeMessageManageSummary(t, decodeShortcutEnvelopeData(t, stdout))
-	if len(success) != 1 || success[0] != id || len(failed) != 0 {
-		t.Errorf("summary success=%v failed=%v", success, failed)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_RejectsLabelIntersectionAndTrashFolder(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, _ := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	id := messageManageID("1")
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", id,
-		"--add-label-ids", "unread",
-		"--remove-label-ids", "UNREAD",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	requireMessageManageValidationParam(t, err, "--add-label-ids")
-	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "label cannot be both added and removed") {
-		t.Fatalf("error = %v, want label intersection validation", err)
-	}
-
-	err = runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", id,
-		"--add-folder", "trash",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	requireMessageManageValidationParam(t, err, "--add-folder")
-	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "use +message-trash") {
-		t.Fatalf("error = %v, want TRASH validation", err)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_EmptyOperationDoesNotCallPost(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, _ := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	id1 := messageManageID("1")
-	id2 := messageManageID("2")
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", id1 + "," + id2 + "," + id1,
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
-	}
-	success, failed := decodeMessageManageSummary(t, decodeShortcutEnvelopeData(t, stdout))
-	if len(success) != 2 || success[0] != id1 || success[1] != id2 || len(failed) != 0 {
-		t.Fatalf("summary success=%v failed=%v", success, failed)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_BatchesAndAggregatesPartialFailure(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	ids := make([]string, 41)
-	for i := range ids {
-		ids[i] = messageManageID(fmt.Sprintf("%02d", i))
-	}
-	first := stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_modify", map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{}})
-	second := stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_modify", map[string]interface{}{"code": 1230001, "msg": "bad request"})
-	third := stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_modify", map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{}})
-
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", strings.Join(ids, ","),
-		"--add-folder", "archive",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
-	}
-	for idx, stub := range []*httpmock.Stub{first, second, third} {
-		var body map[string]interface{}
-		if err := json.Unmarshal(stub.CapturedBody, &body); err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("batch %d body unmarshal: %v", idx+1, err)
-		}
-		messageIDs := body["message_ids"].([]interface{})
-		want := []int{20, 20, 1}[idx]
-		if len(messageIDs) != want {
-			t.Fatalf("batch %d size = %d, want %d", idx+1, len(messageIDs), want)
-		}
-		if body["add_folder"] != "ARCHIVED" {
-			t.Fatalf("batch %d add_folder = %v, want ARCHIVED", idx+1, body["add_folder"])
-		}
-	}
-	success, failed := decodeMessageManageSummary(t, decodeShortcutEnvelopeData(t, stdout))
-	if len(success) != 21 || len(failed) != 20 {
-		t.Fatalf("success=%d failed=%d, want 21/20", len(success), len(failed))
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_AllBatchesFailReturnsError(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	id := messageManageID("1")
-	stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_modify", map[string]interface{}{"code": 1230001, "msg": "bad request"})
-
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", id,
-		"--add-folder", "archive",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	requireMessageManageFailedPrecondition(t, err)
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_DryRunShowsPlanWithoutValidationGET(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, _ := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	id1 := messageManageID("1")
-	id2 := messageManageID("2")
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", id1 + "," + id2,
-		"--add-label-ids", "customA",
-		"--add-folder", "folderA",
-		"--dry-run",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("dry-run failed: %v", err)
-	}
-	out := stdout.String()
-	for _, want := range []string{
-		`/user_mailboxes/me/messages/batch_modify`,
-		`validation_api_plan`,
-		`/user_mailboxes/me/labels/customA`,
-		`/user_mailboxes/me/folders/folderA`,
-		`will_validate`,
-		`batch_size`,
-	} {
-		if !strings.Contains(out, want) {
-			t.Fatalf("dry-run output missing %q; got %s", want, out)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageTrash_RequiresYesAndBatches(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	id1 := messageManageID("1")
-	id2 := messageManageID("2")
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageTrash, []string{
-		"+message-trash",
-		"--message-ids", id1 + "," + id2,
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected confirmation error, got nil")
-	}
-	if code := output.ExitCodeOf(err); code != output.ExitConfirmationRequired {
-		t.Fatalf("exit code = %d, want %d", code, output.ExitConfirmationRequired)
-	}
-
-	post := stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_trash", map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{}})
-	err = runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageTrash, []string{
-		"+message-trash",
-		"--message-ids", id1 + "," + id2,
-		"--yes",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected err with --yes: %v", err)
-	}
-	var body map[string]interface{}
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(post.CapturedBody, &body); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unmarshal captured body: %v", err)
-	}
-	if got := len(body["message_ids"].([]interface{})); got != 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("message_ids len = %d, want 2", got)
-	}
-	success, failed := decodeMessageManageSummary(t, decodeShortcutEnvelopeData(t, stdout))
-	if len(success) != 2 || len(failed) != 0 {
-		t.Fatalf("summary success=%v failed=%v", success, failed)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageTrash_AllBatchesFailReturnsError(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	id := messageManageID("1")
-	stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_trash", map[string]interface{}{"code": 1230001, "msg": "bad request"})
-
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageTrash, []string{
-		"+message-trash",
-		"--message-ids", id,
-		"--yes",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	requireMessageManageFailedPrecondition(t, err)
-}
-
-func TestMessageManage_RejectsWhitespaceBeforeAPI(t *testing.T) {
-	id1 := messageManageID("1")
-	id2 := messageManageID("2")
-	cases := []struct {
-		name     string
-		shortcut common.Shortcut
-		args     []string
-	}{
-		{
-			name:     "trash newline in repeated flag",
-			shortcut: MailMessageTrash,
-			args:     []string{"+message-trash", "--message-ids", id1 + "\n" + id2, "--yes"},
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "trash tab in csv flag",
-			shortcut: MailMessageTrash,
-			args:     []string{"+message-trash", "--message-ids", id1 + ",\t" + id2, "--yes"},
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "modify space in repeated flag",
-			shortcut: MailMessageModify,
-			args:     []string{"+message-modify", "--message-ids", id1, "--message-ids", id2 + " ", "--add-folder", "archive"},
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "modify space in csv flag",
-			shortcut: MailMessageModify,
-			args:     []string{"+message-modify", "--message-ids", id1 + ", " + id2, "--add-folder", "archive"},
-		},
-	}
-	for _, tc := range cases {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			f, stdout, _, _ := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-			err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, tc.shortcut, tc.args, f, stdout)
-			if err == nil {
-				t.Fatal("expected validation error, got nil")
-			}
-			if code := output.ExitCodeOf(err); code != output.ExitValidation {
-				t.Fatalf("exit code = %d, want %d; err=%v", code, output.ExitValidation, err)
-			}
-			if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "must not contain whitespace or control characters") {
-				t.Fatalf("error = %v, want whitespace/control validation", err)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
--- a/shortcuts/mail/mail_message_modify.go
+++ b/shortcuts/mail/mail_message_modify.go
@@ -1,141 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package mail
-
-import (
-	"context"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
-)
-
-type messageModifyInput struct {
-	MessageIDs         []string
-	AddLabelIDs        []string
-	RemoveLabelIDs     []string
-	AddFolder          string
-	CustomLabelIDs     []string
-	CustomFolderID     string
-	ValidationAPIPlans []validationAPIPlan
-}
-
-// MailMessageModify is the `+message-modify` shortcut: apply labels, unread
-// state labels, or a folder move to existing messages in batches of 20.
-var MailMessageModify = common.Shortcut{
-	Service:     "mail",
-	Command:     "+message-modify",
-	Description: "Modify existing mail messages by adding/removing label IDs or moving them to a folder. Batches message IDs in groups of 20 and keeps output compact.",
-	Risk:        "write",
-	Scopes:      []string{"mail:user_mailbox.message:modify"},
-	ConditionalScopes: []string{
-		"mail:user_mailbox.folder:read",
-	},
-	AuthTypes: []string{"user"},
-	HasFormat: true,
-	Flags: []common.Flag{
-		{Name: "mailbox", Desc: "Mailbox email address that owns the messages (default: me)."},
-		{Name: "message-ids", Type: "string_array", Required: true, Desc: "Message IDs to modify; comma-separated or repeat the flag."},
-		{Name: "add-label-ids", Type: "string_slice", Desc: "Label IDs to add. System labels unread/important/other/flagged are normalized to upper case."},
-		{Name: "remove-label-ids", Type: "string_slice", Desc: "Label IDs to remove. System labels unread/important/other/flagged are normalized to upper case."},
-		{Name: "add-folder", Desc: "Folder ID to move messages to. System folders inbox/sent/spam/archive/archived are normalized; TRASH is rejected, use +message-trash."},
-	},
-	Validate: validateMessageModify,
-	DryRun:   dryRunMessageModify,
-	Execute:  executeMessageModify,
-}
-
-func validateMessageModify(ctx context.Context, rt *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-	_, err := buildMessageModifyInput(rt)
-	return err
-}
-
-func dryRunMessageModify(ctx context.Context, rt *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
-	mailboxID := resolveMailboxID(rt)
-	input, _ := buildMessageModifyInput(rt)
-	api := common.NewDryRunAPI().
-		Desc("Modify messages sequentially in batches of 20; dry-run does not call label/folder validation APIs").
-		Set("batch_size", mailMessageManageBatchSize).
-		Set("batches", chunkMessageManageIDs(input.MessageIDs)).
-		Set("validation_api_plan", input.ValidationAPIPlans)
-	for _, batch := range chunkMessageManageIDs(input.MessageIDs) {
-		api = api.POST(mailboxPath(mailboxID, "messages", "batch_modify")).
-			Body(messageManageBody(batch, input.AddLabelIDs, input.RemoveLabelIDs, input.AddFolder))
-	}
-	return api
-}
-
-func executeMessageModify(ctx context.Context, rt *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-	mailboxID := resolveMailboxID(rt)
-	input, err := buildMessageModifyInput(rt)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if err := validateCustomMessageManageLabels(rt, mailboxID, input.CustomLabelIDs); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if err := validateCustomMessageManageFolder(rt, mailboxID, input.CustomFolderID); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if len(input.AddLabelIDs) == 0 && len(input.RemoveLabelIDs) == 0 && input.AddFolder == "" {
-		emitMessageManageSummary(rt, messageManageSummary{
-			SuccessMessageIDs: input.MessageIDs,
-			FailedMessageIDs:  []messageManageFailure{},
-		}, true)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	summary := messageManageSummary{FailedMessageIDs: []messageManageFailure{}}
-	for _, batch := range chunkMessageManageIDs(input.MessageIDs) {
-		_, err := rt.CallAPITyped("POST", mailboxPath(mailboxID, "messages", "batch_modify"), nil,
-			messageManageBody(batch, input.AddLabelIDs, input.RemoveLabelIDs, input.AddFolder))
-		if err != nil {
-			for _, id := range batch {
-				summary.FailedMessageIDs = append(summary.FailedMessageIDs, messageManageFailure{MessageID: id, Reason: err.Error()})
-			}
-			continue
-		}
-		summary.SuccessMessageIDs = append(summary.SuccessMessageIDs, batch...)
-	}
-	emitMessageManageSummary(rt, summary, false)
-	if len(summary.SuccessMessageIDs) == 0 && len(summary.FailedMessageIDs) > 0 {
-		return mailFailedPreconditionError("all message modify batches failed")
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func buildMessageModifyInput(rt *common.RuntimeContext) (messageModifyInput, error) {
-	messageIDs, err := normalizeMessageManageIDs(rt.StrArray("message-ids"))
-	if err != nil {
-		return messageModifyInput{}, err
-	}
-	addLabels, customAddLabels, err := normalizeMessageManageLabels(rt.StrSlice("add-label-ids"), "--add-label-ids")
-	if err != nil {
-		return messageModifyInput{}, err
-	}
-	removeLabels, customRemoveLabels, err := normalizeMessageManageLabels(rt.StrSlice("remove-label-ids"), "--remove-label-ids")
-	if err != nil {
-		return messageModifyInput{}, err
-	}
-	if err := validateLabelIntersection(addLabels, removeLabels); err != nil {
-		return messageModifyInput{}, err
-	}
-	folder, customFolder, err := normalizeMessageManageFolder(rt.Str("add-folder"))
-	if err != nil {
-		return messageModifyInput{}, err
-	}
-	customLabels := append(customAddLabels, customRemoveLabels...)
-	customFolderID := ""
-	if customFolder {
-		customFolderID = folder
-	}
-	return messageModifyInput{
-		MessageIDs:         messageIDs,
-		AddLabelIDs:        addLabels,
-		RemoveLabelIDs:     removeLabels,
-		AddFolder:          folder,
-		CustomLabelIDs:     customLabels,
-		CustomFolderID:     customFolderID,
-		ValidationAPIPlans: messageManageValidationPlan(resolveMailboxID(rt), customLabels, customFolderID),
-	}, nil
-}
--- a/shortcuts/mail/mail_message_trash.go
+++ b/shortcuts/mail/mail_message_trash.go
@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package mail
-
-import (
-	"context"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
-)
-
-// MailMessageTrash is the `+message-trash` shortcut: soft-delete existing
-// messages in batches of 20 via batch_trash. Risk is high-risk-write, so the
-// runner requires --yes before Execute.
-var MailMessageTrash = common.Shortcut{
-	Service:     "mail",
-	Command:     "+message-trash",
-	Description: "Soft-delete existing mail messages. Batches message IDs in groups of 20 and calls batch_trash sequentially. Requires --yes.",
-	Risk:        "high-risk-write",
-	Scopes:      []string{"mail:user_mailbox.message:modify"},
-	AuthTypes:   []string{"user"},
-	HasFormat:   true,
-	Flags: []common.Flag{
-		{Name: "mailbox", Desc: "Mailbox email address that owns the messages (default: me)."},
-		{Name: "message-ids", Type: "string_array", Required: true, Desc: "Message IDs to soft-delete; comma-separated or repeat the flag."},
-	},
-	Validate: validateMessageTrash,
-	DryRun:   dryRunMessageTrash,
-	Execute:  executeMessageTrash,
-}
-
-func validateMessageTrash(ctx context.Context, rt *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-	_, err := normalizeMessageManageIDs(rt.StrArray("message-ids"))
-	return err
-}
-
-func dryRunMessageTrash(ctx context.Context, rt *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
-	mailboxID := resolveMailboxID(rt)
-	messageIDs, _ := normalizeMessageManageIDs(rt.StrArray("message-ids"))
-	api := common.NewDryRunAPI().
-		Desc("Soft-delete messages sequentially in batches of 20").
-		Set("batch_size", mailMessageManageBatchSize).
-		Set("batches", chunkMessageManageIDs(messageIDs))
-	for _, batch := range chunkMessageManageIDs(messageIDs) {
-		api = api.POST(mailboxPath(mailboxID, "messages", "batch_trash")).
-			Body(map[string]interface{}{"message_ids": batch})
-	}
-	return api
-}
-
-func executeMessageTrash(ctx context.Context, rt *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-	mailboxID := resolveMailboxID(rt)
-	messageIDs, err := normalizeMessageManageIDs(rt.StrArray("message-ids"))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	summary := messageManageSummary{FailedMessageIDs: []messageManageFailure{}}
-	for _, batch := range chunkMessageManageIDs(messageIDs) {
-		_, err := rt.CallAPITyped("POST", mailboxPath(mailboxID, "messages", "batch_trash"), nil,
-			map[string]interface{}{"message_ids": batch})
-		if err != nil {
-			for _, id := range batch {
-				summary.FailedMessageIDs = append(summary.FailedMessageIDs, messageManageFailure{MessageID: id, Reason: err.Error()})
-			}
-			continue
-		}
-		summary.SuccessMessageIDs = append(summary.SuccessMessageIDs, batch...)
-	}
-	emitMessageManageSummary(rt, summary, false)
-	if len(summary.SuccessMessageIDs) == 0 && len(summary.FailedMessageIDs) > 0 {
-		return mailFailedPreconditionError("all message trash batches failed")
-	}
-	return nil
-}
--- a/shortcuts/mail/mail_shortcut_test.go
+++ b/shortcuts/mail/mail_shortcut_test.go
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func mailShortcutTestFactory(t *testing.T) (*cmdutil.Factory, *bytes.Buffer, *by
 		RefreshToken:     "test-refresh-token",
 		ExpiresAt:        time.Now().Add(1 * time.Hour).UnixMilli(),
 		RefreshExpiresAt: time.Now().Add(24 * time.Hour).UnixMilli(),
-		Scope:            "mail:user_mailbox.messages:write mail:user_mailbox.messages:read mail:user_mailbox.message:modify mail:user_mailbox.message:readonly mail:user_mailbox.message.address:read mail:user_mailbox.message.subject:read mail:user_mailbox.message.body:read mail:user_mailbox:readonly mail:user_mailbox.folder:read",
+		Scope:            "mail:user_mailbox.messages:write mail:user_mailbox.messages:read mail:user_mailbox.message:modify mail:user_mailbox.message:readonly mail:user_mailbox.message.address:read mail:user_mailbox.message.subject:read mail:user_mailbox.message.body:read mail:user_mailbox:readonly",
 		GrantedAt:        time.Now().Add(-1 * time.Hour).UnixMilli(),
 	}
 	if err := auth.SetStoredToken(token); err != nil {
--- a/shortcuts/mail/mail_triage.go
+++ b/shortcuts/mail/mail_triage.go
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ var MailTriage = common.Shortcut{
 	Scopes:      []string{"mail:user_mailbox.message:readonly", "mail:user_mailbox.message.address:read", "mail:user_mailbox.message.subject:read", "mail:user_mailbox.message.body:read"},
 	AuthTypes:   []string{"user", "bot"},
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
-		{Name: "format", Default: "table", Enum: []string{"table", "json", "data"}, Desc: "output format: table | json | data (json/data output object with pagination fields)"},
+		{Name: "format", Default: "table", Desc: "output format: table | json | data (json/data output object with pagination fields)"},
 		{Name: "max", Type: "int", Default: "20", Desc: "maximum number of messages to fetch (1-400; auto-paginates internally)"},
 		{Name: "page-size", Type: "int", Desc: "alias for --max"},
 		{Name: "page-token", Desc: "pagination token from a previous response to fetch the next page"},
--- a/shortcuts/mail/mail_watch.go
+++ b/shortcuts/mail/mail_watch.go
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ var MailWatch = common.Shortcut{
 	Scopes:      []string{"mail:event", "mail:user_mailbox.event.mail_address:read", "mail:user_mailbox:readonly", "mail:user_mailbox.message:readonly", "mail:user_mailbox.message.address:read", "mail:user_mailbox.message.subject:read", "mail:user_mailbox.message.body:read"},
 	AuthTypes:   []string{"user"},
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
-		{Name: "format", Default: "data", Enum: []string{"json", "data"}, Desc: "json: NDJSON stream with ok/data envelope; data: bare NDJSON stream"},
+		{Name: "format", Default: "data", Desc: "json: NDJSON stream with ok/data envelope; data: bare NDJSON stream"},
 		{Name: "msg-format", Default: "metadata", Desc: "message payload mode: metadata(headers + meta, for triage/notification) | minimal(IDs and state only, no headers, for tracking read/folder changes) | plain_text_full(all metadata fields + full plain-text body) | event(raw WebSocket event, no API call, for debug) | full(full message including HTML body and attachments)"},
 		{Name: "output-dir", Desc: "Write each message as a JSON file (always full payload, regardless of --msg-format)"},
 		{Name: "mailbox", Default: "me", Desc: "email address (default: me)"},
--- a/shortcuts/mail/message_manage_helpers.go
+++ b/shortcuts/mail/message_manage_helpers.go
@@ -1,283 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package mail
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"strings"
-	"unicode"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/output"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
-)
-
-const mailMessageManageBatchSize = 20
-
-var messageManageSystemLabels = map[string]string{
-	"UNREAD":               "UNREAD",
-	"IMPORTANT":            "IMPORTANT",
-	"OTHER":                "OTHER",
-	"FLAGGED":              "FLAGGED",
-	"READ_RECEIPT_REQUEST": "READ_RECEIPT_REQUEST",
-}
-
-var messageManageSystemFolders = map[string]string{
-	"INBOX":    "INBOX",
-	"SENT":     "SENT",
-	"SPAM":     "SPAM",
-	"ARCHIVE":  "ARCHIVED",
-	"ARCHIVED": "ARCHIVED",
-}
-
-type messageManageSummary struct {
-	SuccessMessageIDs []string               `json:"success_message_ids"`
-	FailedMessageIDs  []messageManageFailure `json:"failed_message_ids"`
-}
-
-type messageManageFailure struct {
-	MessageID string `json:"message_id"`
-	Reason    string `json:"reason"`
-}
-
-type validationAPIPlan struct {
-	Method       string `json:"method"`
-	Path         string `json:"path"`
-	WillValidate bool   `json:"will_validate"`
-}
-
-func normalizeMessageManageIDs(raw []string) ([]string, error) {
-	if len(raw) == 0 {
-		return nil, mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids is required")
-	}
-	parts, err := splitMessageManageIDTokens(raw)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	ids := make([]string, 0, len(parts))
-	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, len(parts))
-	for i, part := range parts {
-		if part == "" {
-			return nil, mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids entry %d is empty; remove extra commas or provide valid message IDs", i+1)
-		}
-		id := strings.TrimSpace(part)
-		if id == "" {
-			return nil, mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids entry %d is empty; remove extra commas or provide valid message IDs", i+1)
-		}
-		if id != part {
-			return nil, mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids entry %d (%q): must not contain leading or trailing whitespace", i+1, part)
-		}
-		if err := validateMessageManageID(id, i); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		if _, ok := seen[id]; ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		seen[id] = struct{}{}
-		ids = append(ids, id)
-	}
-	if len(ids) == 0 {
-		return nil, mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids is required")
-	}
-	return ids, nil
-}
-
-func splitMessageManageIDTokens(raw []string) ([]string, error) {
-	parts := make([]string, 0, len(raw))
-	for i, token := range raw {
-		for _, r := range token {
-			if unicode.IsSpace(r) || unicode.IsControl(r) {
-				return nil, mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids entry %d (%q): must not contain whitespace or control characters", i+1, token)
-			}
-		}
-		parts = append(parts, strings.Split(token, ",")...)
-	}
-	return parts, nil
-}
-
-func validateMessageManageID(id string, index int) error {
-	if len(id) < 16 {
-		return mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids entry %d (%q): length must be at least 16 characters", index+1, id)
-	}
-	if strings.Trim(id, "0123456789") == "" {
-		return mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids entry %d (%q): numeric primary IDs are not supported; pass the Open API message_id from mail output", index+1, id)
-	}
-	for _, r := range id {
-		if unicode.IsSpace(r) || unicode.IsControl(r) {
-			return mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids entry %d (%q): must not contain whitespace or control characters", index+1, id)
-		}
-		if (r >= 'A' && r <= 'Z') || (r >= 'a' && r <= 'z') || (r >= '0' && r <= '9') {
-			continue
-		}
-		switch r {
-		case '+', '/', '=', '_', '-':
-			continue
-		default:
-			return mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids entry %d (%q): contains characters outside the Open API message_id character set", index+1, id)
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func normalizeMessageManageLabels(raw []string, flagName string) ([]string, []string, error) {
-	labels := make([]string, 0, len(raw))
-	custom := make([]string, 0, len(raw))
-	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, len(raw))
-	for i, part := range raw {
-		id := strings.TrimSpace(part)
-		if id == "" {
-			return nil, nil, mailValidationParamError(flagName, "%s entry %d is empty; remove extra commas or provide valid label IDs", flagName, i+1)
-		}
-		if id != part {
-			return nil, nil, mailValidationParamError(flagName, "%s entry %d (%q): must not contain leading or trailing whitespace", flagName, i+1, part)
-		}
-		normalized := id
-		if system, ok := messageManageSystemLabels[strings.ToUpper(id)]; ok {
-			normalized = system
-		} else {
-			custom = append(custom, id)
-		}
-		if _, ok := seen[normalized]; ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		seen[normalized] = struct{}{}
-		labels = append(labels, normalized)
-	}
-	if len(labels) > 20 {
-		return nil, nil, mailValidationParamError(flagName, "%s accepts at most 20 label IDs (got %d)", flagName, len(labels))
-	}
-	return labels, custom, nil
-}
-
-func validateLabelIntersection(add, remove []string) error {
-	removeSet := make(map[string]struct{}, len(remove))
-	for _, id := range remove {
-		removeSet[id] = struct{}{}
-	}
-	for _, id := range add {
-		if _, ok := removeSet[id]; ok {
-			return mailValidationParamError("--add-label-ids", "label cannot be both added and removed: %s", id)
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func normalizeMessageManageFolder(raw string) (string, bool, error) {
-	if raw == "" {
-		return "", false, nil
-	}
-	folder := strings.TrimSpace(raw)
-	if folder == "" {
-		return "", false, mailValidationParamError("--add-folder", "--add-folder must not be empty")
-	}
-	if folder != raw {
-		return "", false, mailValidationParamError("--add-folder", "--add-folder %q must not contain leading or trailing whitespace", raw)
-	}
-	if strings.EqualFold(folder, "TRASH") {
-		return "", false, mailValidationParamError("--add-folder", "TRASH is not supported by +message-modify; use +message-trash")
-	}
-	if system, ok := messageManageSystemFolders[strings.ToUpper(folder)]; ok {
-		return system, false, nil
-	}
-	return folder, true, nil
-}
-
-func chunkMessageManageIDs(ids []string) [][]string {
-	if len(ids) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-	chunks := make([][]string, 0, (len(ids)+mailMessageManageBatchSize-1)/mailMessageManageBatchSize)
-	for start := 0; start < len(ids); start += mailMessageManageBatchSize {
-		end := start + mailMessageManageBatchSize
-		if end > len(ids) {
-			end = len(ids)
-		}
-		chunks = append(chunks, ids[start:end])
-	}
-	return chunks
-}
-
-func validateCustomMessageManageLabels(rt *common.RuntimeContext, mailboxID string, ids []string) error {
-	if len(ids) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-	if err := validateLabelReadScope(rt); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	seen := map[string]struct{}{}
-	for _, id := range ids {
-		if _, ok := seen[id]; ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		seen[id] = struct{}{}
-		if _, err := rt.CallAPITyped("GET", mailboxPath(mailboxID, "labels", id), nil, nil); err != nil {
-			return mailDecorateProblemMessage(err, "label not found: %s", id)
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func validateCustomMessageManageFolder(rt *common.RuntimeContext, mailboxID, id string) error {
-	if id == "" {
-		return nil
-	}
-	if err := validateFolderReadScope(rt); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if _, err := rt.CallAPITyped("GET", mailboxPath(mailboxID, "folders", id), nil, nil); err != nil {
-		return mailDecorateProblemMessage(err, "folder not found: %s", id)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func messageManageBody(ids, addLabels, removeLabels []string, addFolder string) map[string]interface{} {
-	body := map[string]interface{}{"message_ids": ids}
-	if len(addLabels) > 0 {
-		body["add_label_ids"] = addLabels
-	}
-	if len(removeLabels) > 0 {
-		body["remove_label_ids"] = removeLabels
-	}
-	if addFolder != "" {
-		body["add_folder"] = addFolder
-	}
-	return body
-}
-
-func messageManageValidationPlan(mailboxID string, customLabels []string, customFolder string) []validationAPIPlan {
-	plans := make([]validationAPIPlan, 0, len(customLabels)+1)
-	seenLabels := map[string]struct{}{}
-	for _, id := range customLabels {
-		if _, ok := seenLabels[id]; ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		seenLabels[id] = struct{}{}
-		plans = append(plans, validationAPIPlan{
-			Method:       "GET",
-			Path:         mailboxPath(mailboxID, "labels", id),
-			WillValidate: true,
-		})
-	}
-	if customFolder != "" {
-		plans = append(plans, validationAPIPlan{
-			Method:       "GET",
-			Path:         mailboxPath(mailboxID, "folders", customFolder),
-			WillValidate: true,
-		})
-	}
-	return plans
-}
-
-func emitMessageManageSummary(rt *common.RuntimeContext, summary messageManageSummary, noAPICalls bool) {
-	rt.OutFormat(summary, &output.Meta{Count: len(summary.SuccessMessageIDs)}, func(w io.Writer) {
-		fmt.Fprintf(w, "success_message_ids: %d\n", len(summary.SuccessMessageIDs))
-		fmt.Fprintf(w, "failed_message_ids: %d\n", len(summary.FailedMessageIDs))
-		if noAPICalls {
-			fmt.Fprintln(w, "No changes requested; no API calls were made.")
-		}
-		for _, item := range summary.FailedMessageIDs {
-			fmt.Fprintf(w, "- %s: %s\n", item.MessageID, item.Reason)
-		}
-	})
-}
--- a/shortcuts/mail/shortcuts.go
+++ b/shortcuts/mail/shortcuts.go
@@ -10,8 +10,6 @@ func Shortcuts() []common.Shortcut {
 	return []common.Shortcut{
 		MailMessage,
 		MailMessages,
-		MailMessageModify,
-		MailMessageTrash,
 		MailThread,
 		MailTriage,
 		MailWatch,
--- a/shortcuts/markdown/helpers.go
+++ b/shortcuts/markdown/helpers.go
@@ -715,15 +715,9 @@ func markdownUploadProblem(err error, action string) error {
 		case 90003087:
 			appendMarkdownProblemHint(err, "The current tenant or user may not have document capabilities enabled. Ask an administrator to verify document-module access.")
 		case 1061003, 1061044:
-			appendMarkdownProblemHint(err, "Check whether the target folder or wiki node still exists, and verify the parent token type. For Drive folders, pass --folder-token with a Drive folder token/URL; for wiki nodes, pass --wiki-token with a wiki node token/URL.")
+			appendMarkdownProblemHint(err, "Check whether the target folder or wiki node still exists, and verify the token you passed to the command.")
 		case 1061004, 1062501:
 			appendMarkdownProblemHint(err, "Check whether the current identity has write access to the target folder or wiki node.")
-		case 1061101:
-			appendMarkdownProblemHint(err, "The target Drive/wiki storage quota is exhausted. Free space, choose another parent folder/wiki node, or ask an administrator to raise quota before retrying.")
-		case 233523001:
-			appendMarkdownProblemHint(err, "The upstream document service returned a transient server error. Retry later; if it repeats, keep the log_id/request_id for service-side investigation.")
-		case 99991400:
-			appendMarkdownProblemHint(err, "The upload API is rate limited. Stop immediate retries and retry later with exponential backoff.")
 		}
 	}
 	return err
--- a/shortcuts/markdown/markdown_create.go
+++ b/shortcuts/markdown/markdown_create.go
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"strings"

-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/validate"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
 )

@@ -31,19 +30,27 @@ var MarkdownCreate = common.Shortcut{
 	Tips: []string{
 		"Omit both --folder-token and --wiki-token to create the Markdown file in the caller's Drive root folder.",
 		"Use --wiki-token <wiki_node_token> to create the Markdown file under a wiki node; the shortcut maps this to parent_type=wiki automatically.",
-		"--folder-token and --wiki-token also accept full Lark URLs and normalize them to the required token.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-		spec, err := readMarkdownCreateSpec(runtime)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		return validateMarkdownSpec(runtime, spec, true)
+		return validateMarkdownSpec(runtime, markdownUploadSpec{
+			FileName:    strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("name")),
+			FolderToken: strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("folder-token")),
+			WikiToken:   strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("wiki-token")),
+			FilePath:    strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("file")),
+			FileSet:     runtime.Changed("file"),
+			Content:     runtime.Str("content"),
+			ContentSet:  runtime.Changed("content"),
+		}, true)
 	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
-		spec, err := readMarkdownCreateSpec(runtime)
-		if err != nil {
-			return common.NewDryRunAPI().Set("error", err.Error())
+		spec := markdownUploadSpec{
+			FileName:    strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("name")),
+			FolderToken: strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("folder-token")),
+			WikiToken:   strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("wiki-token")),
+			FilePath:    strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("file")),
+			FileSet:     runtime.Changed("file"),
+			Content:     runtime.Str("content"),
+			ContentSet:  runtime.Changed("content"),
 		}
 		fileSize, err := markdownSourceSize(runtime, spec)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -64,9 +71,14 @@ var MarkdownCreate = common.Shortcut{
 		return dry
 	},
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-		spec, err := readMarkdownCreateSpec(runtime)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
+		spec := markdownUploadSpec{
+			FileName:    strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("name")),
+			FolderToken: strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("folder-token")),
+			WikiToken:   strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("wiki-token")),
+			FilePath:    strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("file")),
+			FileSet:     runtime.Changed("file"),
+			Content:     runtime.Str("content"),
+			ContentSet:  runtime.Changed("content"),
 		}
 		fileSize, err := markdownSourceSize(runtime, spec)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -103,139 +115,3 @@ var MarkdownCreate = common.Shortcut{
 		return nil
 	},
 }
-
-func readMarkdownCreateSpec(runtime *common.RuntimeContext) (markdownUploadSpec, error) {
-	spec := markdownUploadSpec{
-		FileName:    strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("name")),
-		FolderToken: strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("folder-token")),
-		WikiToken:   strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("wiki-token")),
-		FilePath:    strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("file")),
-		FileSet:     runtime.Changed("file"),
-		Content:     runtime.Str("content"),
-		ContentSet:  runtime.Changed("content"),
-	}
-	return normalizeMarkdownCreateTargetSpec(spec)
-}
-
-func normalizeMarkdownCreateTargetSpec(spec markdownUploadSpec) (markdownUploadSpec, error) {
-	if spec.FolderToken != "" {
-		token, err := normalizeMarkdownFolderToken(spec.FolderToken)
-		if err != nil {
-			return markdownUploadSpec{}, err
-		}
-		spec.FolderToken = token
-	}
-	if spec.WikiToken != "" {
-		token, err := normalizeMarkdownWikiToken(spec.WikiToken)
-		if err != nil {
-			return markdownUploadSpec{}, err
-		}
-		spec.WikiToken = token
-	}
-	return spec, nil
-}
-
-func normalizeMarkdownFolderToken(token string) (string, error) {
-	token = strings.TrimSpace(token)
-	if strings.Contains(token, "://") {
-		ref, ok := common.ParseResourceURL(token)
-		if !ok {
-			return "", markdownValidationParamError("--folder-token", "--folder-token URL is unsupported").
-				WithHint("Pass a Drive folder URL or raw folder token.")
-		}
-		if ref.Type != "folder" {
-			return "", markdownValidationParamError("--folder-token",
-				"--folder-token must identify a Drive folder; got a %s URL",
-				ref.Type,
-			).WithHint("Use --wiki-token for wiki nodes or pass a Drive folder URL/token.")
-		}
-		if err := validateMarkdownTargetTokenName(ref.Token, "--folder-token"); err != nil {
-			return "", err
-		}
-		return ref.Token, nil
-	}
-	if err := rejectMarkdownPartialToken(token, "--folder-token"); err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	switch markdownKnownResourceTokenKind(token) {
-	case "wiki":
-		return "", markdownValidationParamError("--folder-token", "--folder-token looks like a wiki node token").
-			WithHint("Pass it with --wiki-token instead.")
-	case "doc", "docx", "sheet", "bitable", "mindnote", "slides", "file":
-		return "", markdownValidationParamError("--folder-token", "--folder-token must be a Drive folder token, not a %s token", markdownKnownResourceTokenKind(token))
-	}
-	if err := validateMarkdownTargetTokenName(token, "--folder-token"); err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	return token, nil
-}
-
-func normalizeMarkdownWikiToken(token string) (string, error) {
-	token = strings.TrimSpace(token)
-	if strings.Contains(token, "://") {
-		ref, ok := common.ParseResourceURL(token)
-		if !ok {
-			return "", markdownValidationParamError("--wiki-token", "--wiki-token URL is unsupported").
-				WithHint("Pass a wiki node URL or raw wiki node token.")
-		}
-		if ref.Type != "wiki" {
-			return "", markdownValidationParamError("--wiki-token",
-				"--wiki-token must identify a wiki node; got a %s URL",
-				ref.Type,
-			).WithHint("Resolve document URLs with `lark-cli wiki +node-get --node-token <url>` and use the returned node_token.")
-		}
-		if err := validateMarkdownTargetTokenName(ref.Token, "--wiki-token"); err != nil {
-			return "", err
-		}
-		return ref.Token, nil
-	}
-	if err := rejectMarkdownPartialToken(token, "--wiki-token"); err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	if kind := markdownKnownResourceTokenKind(token); kind != "" && kind != "wiki" {
-		return "", markdownValidationParamError("--wiki-token", "--wiki-token must be a wiki node token, not a %s token", kind)
-	}
-	if err := validateMarkdownTargetTokenName(token, "--wiki-token"); err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	return token, nil
-}
-
-func rejectMarkdownPartialToken(token, flagName string) error {
-	if strings.ContainsAny(token, "/?#") {
-		return markdownValidationParamError(flagName, "%s must be a raw token, not a path, query, or fragment", flagName).
-			WithHint("Pass a full Lark URL, or copy only the token value without path/query/fragment characters.")
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func validateMarkdownTargetTokenName(token, flagName string) error {
-	if err := validate.ResourceName(token, flagName); err != nil {
-		return markdownValidationParamError(flagName, "%s", err).WithCause(err)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func markdownKnownResourceTokenKind(token string) string {
-	lower := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(token))
-	switch {
-	case strings.HasPrefix(lower, "wik"):
-		return "wiki"
-	case strings.HasPrefix(lower, "docx"):
-		return "docx"
-	case strings.HasPrefix(lower, "doc"):
-		return "doc"
-	case strings.HasPrefix(lower, "sht"):
-		return "sheet"
-	case strings.HasPrefix(lower, "bas"):
-		return "bitable"
-	case strings.HasPrefix(lower, "mn"):
-		return "mindnote"
-	case strings.HasPrefix(lower, "sld"):
-		return "slides"
-	case strings.HasPrefix(lower, "box"), strings.HasPrefix(lower, "file"):
-		return "file"
-	default:
-		return ""
-	}
-}
--- a/shortcuts/markdown/markdown_test.go
+++ b/shortcuts/markdown/markdown_test.go
@@ -446,173 +446,6 @@ func TestMarkdownCreateDryRunWithWikiToken(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestMarkdownCreateDryRunNormalizesFolderURL(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, markdownTestConfig())
-
-	err := mountAndRunMarkdown(t, MarkdownCreate, []string{
-		"+create",
-		"--name", "README.md",
-		"--content", "# hello",
-		"--folder-token", "https://feishu.cn/drive/folder/fldcnMarkdownTarget",
-		"--dry-run",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	out := stdout.String()
-	if !strings.Contains(out, `"parent_type": "explorer"`) {
-		t.Fatalf("dry-run missing explorer parent_type: %s", out)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(out, `"parent_node": "fldcnMarkdownTarget"`) {
-		t.Fatalf("dry-run did not normalize folder URL to token: %s", out)
-	}
-	if strings.Contains(out, "https://feishu.cn/drive/folder/") {
-		t.Fatalf("dry-run leaked raw folder URL instead of token: %s", out)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMarkdownCreateRejectsWikiURLInFolderToken(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, markdownTestConfig())
-
-	err := mountAndRunMarkdown(t, MarkdownCreate, []string{
-		"+create",
-		"--name", "README.md",
-		"--content", "# hello",
-		"--folder-token", "https://feishu.cn/wiki/wikcnWrongFlag",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected folder-token URL type error, got nil")
-	}
-	p, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("ProblemOf() ok=false for %T: %v", err, err)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(p.Message, "must identify a Drive folder") || !strings.Contains(p.Hint, "Use --wiki-token") {
-		t.Fatalf("expected folder-token URL type error, got %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMarkdownCreateRejectsDocURLInWikiToken(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, markdownTestConfig())
-
-	err := mountAndRunMarkdown(t, MarkdownCreate, []string{
-		"+create",
-		"--name", "README.md",
-		"--content", "# hello",
-		"--wiki-token", "https://feishu.cn/docx/docxWrongFlag",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected wiki-token URL type error, got nil")
-	}
-	p, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("ProblemOf() ok=false for %T: %v", err, err)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(p.Message, "must identify a wiki node") || !strings.Contains(p.Hint, "+node-get") {
-		t.Fatalf("expected wiki-token URL type error, got %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestNormalizeMarkdownTargetTokensRejectAmbiguousInputs(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	tests := []struct {
-		name     string
-		run      func() (string, error)
-		wantMsg  string
-		wantHint string
-	}{
-		{
-			name:     "wiki token passed as folder token",
-			run:      func() (string, error) { return normalizeMarkdownFolderToken("wik_placeholder_wrong") },
-			wantMsg:  "--folder-token looks like a wiki node token",
-			wantHint: "--wiki-token",
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "folder token path fragment",
-			run:      func() (string, error) { return normalizeMarkdownFolderToken("folder_token/child") },
-			wantMsg:  "--folder-token must be a raw token",
-			wantHint: "full Lark URL",
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "doc token passed as wiki token",
-			run:      func() (string, error) { return normalizeMarkdownWikiToken("docx_placeholder_wrong") },
-			wantMsg:  "--wiki-token must be a wiki node token",
-			wantHint: "",
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "wiki token query fragment",
-			run:      func() (string, error) { return normalizeMarkdownWikiToken("wik_placeholder?from=copy") },
-			wantMsg:  "--wiki-token must be a raw token",
-			wantHint: "path/query/fragment",
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			_, err := tt.run()
-			if err == nil {
-				t.Fatalf("expected validation error")
-			}
-			p, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-			if !ok {
-				t.Fatalf("ProblemOf() ok=false for %T: %v", err, err)
-			}
-			if !strings.Contains(p.Message, tt.wantMsg) {
-				t.Fatalf("message = %q, want substring %q", p.Message, tt.wantMsg)
-			}
-			if tt.wantHint != "" && !strings.Contains(p.Hint, tt.wantHint) {
-				t.Fatalf("hint = %q, want substring %q", p.Hint, tt.wantHint)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestNormalizeMarkdownTargetTokensAcceptRawTokens(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	folderToken, err := normalizeMarkdownFolderToken("folder_token_raw")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("normalizeMarkdownFolderToken() error = %v", err)
-	}
-	if folderToken != "folder_token_raw" {
-		t.Fatalf("folder token = %q", folderToken)
-	}
-
-	wikiToken, err := normalizeMarkdownWikiToken("wik_placeholder_raw")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("normalizeMarkdownWikiToken() error = %v", err)
-	}
-	if wikiToken != "wik_placeholder_raw" {
-		t.Fatalf("wiki token = %q", wikiToken)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMarkdownUploadProblemAddsQuotaAndServerHints(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	quotaErr := errs.NewAPIError(errs.SubtypeQuotaExceeded, "file quota exceeded").WithCode(1061101)
-	got := markdownUploadProblem(quotaErr, markdownUploadAllAction)
-	p, ok := errs.ProblemOf(got)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("ProblemOf(quotaErr) ok=false")
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(p.Hint, "storage quota is exhausted") {
-		t.Fatalf("quota hint = %q", p.Hint)
-	}
-
-	serverErr := errs.NewAPIError(errs.SubtypeServerError, "NA").WithCode(233523001).WithRetryable()
-	got = markdownUploadProblem(serverErr, markdownUploadAllAction)
-	p, ok = errs.ProblemOf(got)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("ProblemOf(serverErr) ok=false")
-	}
-	if !p.Retryable || !strings.Contains(p.Hint, "transient server error") {
-		t.Fatalf("server retryable=%v hint=%q", p.Retryable, p.Hint)
-	}
-}
-
 func TestMarkdownCreateDryRunReportsSourceFileError(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, markdownTestConfig())

--- a/shortcuts/vc/vc_meeting_events.go
+++ b/shortcuts/vc/vc_meeting_events.go
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ package vc

 import (
 	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
@@ -16,7 +15,6 @@ import (
 	"unicode"

 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/output"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
 )
@@ -27,9 +25,6 @@ const (
 	minVCMeetingEventsPageSize = 20
 	maxVCMeetingEventsPageSize = 100
 	maxVCMeetingEventsPages    = 200
-	leaveReasonUserLeft        = 1
-	leaveReasonMeetingEnded    = 2
-	leaveReasonKicked          = 3
 )

 var meetingDisplayLocation = time.FixedZone("UTC+8", 8*60*60)
@@ -46,11 +41,11 @@ func toUnixSeconds(input string, hint ...string) (string, error) {
 	return ts, nil
 }

-// VCMeetingEvents lists meeting events for a meeting.
+// VCMeetingEvents lists bot meeting events for a meeting.
 var VCMeetingEvents = common.Shortcut{
 	Service:     "vc",
 	Command:     "+meeting-events",
-	Description: "List meeting events by meeting ID",
+	Description: "List bot meeting events by meeting ID",
 	Risk:        "read",
 	Scopes:      []string{"vc:meeting.meetingevent:read"},
 	AuthTypes:   []string{"user", "bot"},
@@ -104,28 +99,20 @@ var VCMeetingEvents = common.Shortcut{
 			return err
 		}
 		events = compactMeetingEvents(events)
-		identity, identityWarning := meetingEventsCurrentIdentity(runtime)
-		outData := buildMeetingEventsOutput(data, events, identity, identityWarning)
-		metadata := map[string]interface{}{
-			"row_type":   "metadata",
-			"meeting":    outData.Meeting,
-			"identity":   outData.Identity,
-			"has_more":   outData.HasMore,
-			"page_token": outData.PageToken,
+		outData := map[string]interface{}{
+			"events":     events,
+			"has_more":   data["has_more"],
+			"page_token": data["page_token"],
 		}
-		if len(outData.Warnings) > 0 {
-			metadata["warnings"] = outData.Warnings
-		}
-		ndjsonData := meetingEventsEventRows(outData.Events, metadata)

 		timeline := buildMeetingEventTimeline(events)
-		if runtime.Format == "ndjson" {
-			runtime.OutFormat(ndjsonData, &output.Meta{Count: len(events)}, func(w io.Writer) {})
-		} else {
-			runtime.OutFormat(outData, &output.Meta{Count: len(events)}, func(w io.Writer) {
-				renderMeetingEventsCompactPretty(w, outData, timeline)
-			})
-		}
+		runtime.OutFormat(outData, &output.Meta{Count: len(events)}, func(w io.Writer) {
+			if len(timeline.entries) == 0 {
+				fmt.Fprintln(w, "No meeting events.")
+				return
+			}
+			io.WriteString(w, renderMeetingEventsPretty(timeline))
+		})
 		if runtime.Format == "pretty" && pageToken != "" {
 			fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().Out, "\npage_token: %s\n", pageToken)
 			if hasMore {
@@ -136,400 +123,6 @@ var VCMeetingEvents = common.Shortcut{
 	},
 }

-type meetingEventsOutput struct {
-	Meeting   meetingEventsMeeting  `json:"meeting"`
-	Identity  meetingEventsIdentity `json:"identity"`
-	Events    []meetingEventsEvent  `json:"events"`
-	Warnings  []string              `json:"warnings,omitempty"`
-	HasMore   bool                  `json:"has_more"`
-	PageToken string                `json:"page_token,omitempty"`
-}
-
-type meetingEventsMeeting struct {
-	ID        string `json:"id,omitempty"`
-	Topic     string `json:"topic,omitempty"`
-	MeetingNo string `json:"meeting_no,omitempty"`
-	StartTime string `json:"start_time,omitempty"`
-	EndTime   string `json:"end_time,omitempty"`
-	Status    string `json:"status"`
-}
-
-type meetingEventsIdentity struct {
-	ID              string `json:"id,omitempty"`
-	Name            string `json:"name,omitempty"`
-	ParticipantType string `json:"participant_type,omitempty"`
-	Role            string `json:"role,omitempty"`
-	Label           string `json:"label,omitempty"`
-}
-
-type meetingEventsEvent struct {
-	EventID   string                  `json:"event_id,omitempty"`
-	EventType string                  `json:"event_type,omitempty"`
-	EventTime string                  `json:"event_time,omitempty"`
-	Actors    []meetingEventsIdentity `json:"actors,omitempty"`
-	Payload   map[string]interface{}  `json:"payload,omitempty"`
-}
-
-type meetingEventsEndSignal struct {
-	Ended      bool
-	EndTime    time.Time
-	HasEndTime bool
-}
-
-func buildMeetingEventsOutput(data map[string]interface{}, events []interface{}, identity meetingEventsIdentity, warnings ...string) meetingEventsOutput {
-	output := meetingEventsOutput{
-		Meeting:   meetingEventsMeetingFromPayload(nil),
-		Identity:  identity,
-		HasMore:   common.GetBool(data, "has_more"),
-		PageToken: common.GetString(data, "page_token"),
-	}
-	for _, warning := range warnings {
-		if warning = strings.TrimSpace(warning); warning != "" {
-			output.Warnings = append(output.Warnings, warning)
-		}
-	}
-	for _, raw := range events {
-		event, _ := raw.(map[string]interface{})
-		if event == nil {
-			continue
-		}
-		payload := common.GetMap(event, "payload")
-		if meeting := common.GetMap(payload, "meeting"); meeting != nil {
-			output.Meeting = meetingEventsMeetingFromPayload(meeting)
-		}
-		output.Events = append(output.Events, meetingEventsEventFromPayload(event, output.Identity))
-	}
-	applyMeetingEventsEndSignal(&output.Meeting, meetingEventsEndSignalFromEvents(events))
-	return output
-}
-
-func meetingEventsCurrentIdentity(runtime *common.RuntimeContext) (meetingEventsIdentity, string) {
-	if runtime.As() == core.AsBot {
-		botInfo, err := runtime.BotInfo()
-		if err != nil {
-			return meetingEventsBotIdentity(nil), fmt.Sprintf("identity unavailable: %v", err)
-		}
-		return meetingEventsBotIdentity(botInfo), ""
-	}
-	userOpenID := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.UserOpenId())
-	identity := meetingEventsIdentity{
-		ID:              userOpenID,
-		Name:            strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Config.UserName),
-		ParticipantType: "human",
-	}
-	identity.Label = identityLabel(identity)
-	if userOpenID == "" {
-		return identity, "identity unavailable: current user open_id is unavailable"
-	}
-	return identity, ""
-}
-
-func meetingEventsBotIdentity(botInfo *common.BotInfo) meetingEventsIdentity {
-	if botInfo == nil {
-		return meetingEventsIdentity{ParticipantType: "bot", Label: "bot"}
-	}
-	identity := meetingEventsIdentity{
-		ID:              botInfo.OpenID,
-		Name:            botInfo.AppName,
-		ParticipantType: "bot",
-	}
-	identity.Label = identityLabel(identity)
-	return identity
-}
-
-func meetingEventsMeetingFromPayload(meeting map[string]interface{}) meetingEventsMeeting {
-	out := meetingEventsMeeting{
-		ID:        common.GetString(meeting, "id"),
-		Topic:     common.GetString(meeting, "topic"),
-		MeetingNo: common.GetString(meeting, "meeting_no"),
-		StartTime: meetingEventsTimeString(common.GetString(meeting, "start_time")),
-		EndTime:   meetingEventsTimeString(common.GetString(meeting, "end_time")),
-		Status:    "unknown",
-	}
-	start, hasStart := parseFlexibleTime(out.StartTime)
-	end, hasEnd := parseFlexibleTime(out.EndTime)
-	if hasStart && !hasEnd {
-		out.Status = "ongoing"
-	}
-	if hasStart && hasEnd {
-		if end.After(start) {
-			out.Status = "ended"
-		} else {
-			out.Status = "ongoing"
-			out.EndTime = ""
-		}
-	}
-	return out
-}
-
-func applyMeetingEventsEndSignal(meeting *meetingEventsMeeting, signal meetingEventsEndSignal) {
-	if meeting == nil || !signal.Ended {
-		return
-	}
-	meeting.Status = "ended"
-	if signal.HasEndTime {
-		meeting.EndTime = signal.EndTime.UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)
-	}
-}
-
-func meetingEventsEndSignalFromEvents(events []interface{}) meetingEventsEndSignal {
-	var signal meetingEventsEndSignal
-	for _, raw := range events {
-		event, _ := raw.(map[string]interface{})
-		if event == nil || meetingEventType(event) != "participant_left" {
-			continue
-		}
-		payload := common.GetMap(event, "payload")
-		if payload == nil {
-			continue
-		}
-		fallbackTime, fallbackOK := parseFlexibleTime(common.GetString(event, "event_time"))
-		for _, rawItem := range common.GetSlice(payload, "participant_left_items") {
-			item, _ := rawItem.(map[string]interface{})
-			if item == nil || int(common.GetFloat(item, "leave_reason")) != leaveReasonMeetingEnded {
-				continue
-			}
-			signal.Ended = true
-			endTime, ok := parseFlexibleTime(common.GetString(item, "leave_time"))
-			if !ok {
-				endTime, ok = fallbackTime, fallbackOK
-			}
-			if ok && (!signal.HasEndTime || endTime.After(signal.EndTime)) {
-				signal.EndTime = endTime
-				signal.HasEndTime = true
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return signal
-}
-
-func meetingEventsEventFromPayload(event map[string]interface{}, selfIdentity meetingEventsIdentity) meetingEventsEvent {
-	payload := common.GetMap(event, "payload")
-	out := meetingEventsEvent{
-		EventID:   common.GetString(event, "event_id"),
-		EventType: meetingEventType(event),
-		EventTime: meetingEventsTimeString(common.GetString(event, "event_time")),
-		Payload:   payload,
-	}
-	out.Actors = eventActors(out.EventType, payload, selfIdentity)
-	return out
-}
-
-func eventActors(eventType string, payload map[string]interface{}, selfIdentity meetingEventsIdentity) []meetingEventsIdentity {
-	var actors []meetingEventsIdentity
-	addFromItems := func(key, participantKey string) {
-		for _, raw := range common.GetSlice(payload, key) {
-			item, _ := raw.(map[string]interface{})
-			if item == nil {
-				continue
-			}
-			if participant := common.GetMap(item, participantKey); participant != nil {
-				actors = append(actors, meetingEventsIdentityFromParticipant(participant, selfIdentity))
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	switch eventType {
-	case "participant_joined":
-		addFromItems("participant_joined_items", "participant")
-	case "participant_left":
-		addFromItems("participant_left_items", "participant")
-	case "transcript_received":
-		addFromItems("transcript_received_items", "speaker")
-	case "chat_received":
-		addFromItems("chat_received_items", "operator")
-	case "magic_share_started":
-		addFromItems("magic_share_started_items", "operator")
-	case "magic_share_ended":
-		addFromItems("magic_share_ended_items", "operator")
-	}
-	return actors
-}
-
-func meetingEventsIdentityFromParticipant(participant map[string]interface{}, selfIdentity meetingEventsIdentity) meetingEventsIdentity {
-	identity := meetingEventsIdentity{
-		ID:              common.GetString(participant, "id"),
-		Name:            common.GetString(participant, "user_name"),
-		ParticipantType: meetingEventsParticipantType(participant),
-		Role:            meetingEventsParticipantRole(participant),
-	}
-	if identity.ID != "" && selfIdentity.ID != "" && identity.ID == selfIdentity.ID {
-		if selfIdentity.ParticipantType == "bot" && (identity.ParticipantType == "" || identity.ParticipantType == "human") {
-			identity.ParticipantType = "bot"
-		}
-		if selfIdentity.ParticipantType == "bot" && (identity.Role == "" || identity.Role == "participant") {
-			identity.Role = "bot"
-		}
-	}
-	if identity.ParticipantType == "" {
-		identity.ParticipantType = "human"
-	}
-	if identity.Role == "" {
-		identity.Role = "participant"
-	}
-	identity.Label = identityLabel(identity)
-	return identity
-}
-
-func meetingEventsParticipantType(participant map[string]interface{}) string {
-	if raw := meetingEventsParticipantTypeFromParticipantType(fieldValueString(participant, "participant_type")); raw != "" {
-		return raw
-	}
-	return meetingEventsParticipantTypeFromUserType(fieldValueString(participant, "user_type"))
-}
-
-func meetingEventsParticipantTypeFromParticipantType(raw string) string {
-	raw = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(raw))
-	switch raw {
-	case "1", "user", "human":
-		return "human"
-	case "2", "bot", "app":
-		return "bot"
-	case "":
-		return ""
-	default:
-		return "unknown"
-	}
-}
-
-func meetingEventsParticipantRole(participant map[string]interface{}) string {
-	if raw := meetingEventsRoleFromParticipantRole(fieldValueString(participant, "role")); raw != "" {
-		return raw
-	}
-	return meetingEventsRoleFromEventUserRole(fieldValueString(participant, "user_role"))
-}
-
-func meetingEventsParticipantTypeFromUserType(raw string) string {
-	raw = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(raw))
-	switch raw {
-	case "1", "user", "human":
-		return "human"
-	case "2", "10", "bot", "app":
-		return "bot"
-	case "":
-		return ""
-	default:
-		return "unknown"
-	}
-}
-
-func meetingEventsRoleFromParticipantRole(raw string) string {
-	raw = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(raw))
-	switch raw {
-	case "1", "host":
-		return "host"
-	case "2", "co_host", "cohost":
-		return "co_host"
-	case "3", "participant", "attendee":
-		return "participant"
-	case "4", "bot", "app":
-		return "bot"
-	case "":
-		return ""
-	default:
-		return raw
-	}
-}
-
-func meetingEventsRoleFromEventUserRole(raw string) string {
-	raw = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(raw))
-	switch raw {
-	case "1", "participant", "attendee":
-		return "participant"
-	case "2", "host":
-		return "host"
-	case "4", "bot", "app":
-		return "bot"
-	case "", "0":
-		return ""
-	default:
-		return raw
-	}
-}
-
-func fieldValueString(values map[string]interface{}, key string) string {
-	if values == nil {
-		return ""
-	}
-	switch value := values[key].(type) {
-	case string:
-		return value
-	case int:
-		return strconv.Itoa(value)
-	case int64:
-		return strconv.FormatInt(value, 10)
-	case float64:
-		return strconv.FormatInt(int64(value), 10)
-	case json.Number:
-		return value.String()
-	default:
-		return ""
-	}
-}
-
-func identityLabel(identity meetingEventsIdentity) string {
-	name := identity.Name
-	if name == "" {
-		name = identity.ID
-	}
-	if name == "" {
-		name = "unknown"
-	}
-	var tags []string
-	if identity.ParticipantType != "" {
-		tags = append(tags, identity.ParticipantType)
-	}
-	if identity.Role != "" && identity.Role != identity.ParticipantType {
-		tags = append(tags, identity.Role)
-	}
-	if len(tags) == 0 {
-		return name
-	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%s [%s]", name, strings.Join(tags, ","))
-}
-
-func meetingEventsTimeString(raw string) string {
-	if parsed, ok := parseFlexibleTime(raw); ok {
-		return parsed.UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)
-	}
-	return strings.TrimSpace(raw)
-}
-
-func meetingEventsEventRows(events []meetingEventsEvent, metadata map[string]interface{}) []interface{} {
-	rows := make([]interface{}, 0, len(events)+1)
-	for _, event := range events {
-		row := meetingEventsEventRow(event)
-		rows = append(rows, row)
-	}
-	if metadata != nil {
-		rows = append(rows, metadata)
-	}
-	return rows
-}
-
-func meetingEventsEventRow(event meetingEventsEvent) map[string]interface{} {
-	raw, err := json.Marshal(event)
-	if err != nil {
-		return map[string]interface{}{"row_type": "event"}
-	}
-	var row map[string]interface{}
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &row); err != nil {
-		return map[string]interface{}{"row_type": "event"}
-	}
-	row["row_type"] = "event"
-	return row
-}
-
-func renderMeetingEventsCompactPretty(w io.Writer, data meetingEventsOutput, timeline meetingTimeline) {
-	if data.Identity.Label != "" {
-		fmt.Fprintf(w, "当前身份：%s\n", escapePrettyText(data.Identity.Label))
-	}
-	if len(timeline.entries) == 0 {
-		fmt.Fprintln(w, "No meeting events.")
-		return
-	}
-	io.WriteString(w, renderMeetingEventsPretty(timeline))
-}
-
 func meetingEventsPageSize(runtime *common.RuntimeContext) (int, error) {
 	if runtime.Bool("page-all") {
 		return maxVCMeetingEventsPageSize, nil
@@ -730,6 +323,7 @@ type meetingTimelineEntry struct {
 	when        time.Time
 	hasWhen     bool
 	sequence    int
+	group       int
 	subject     string
 	description string
 	details     []string
@@ -738,6 +332,7 @@ type meetingTimelineEntry struct {
 func buildMeetingEventTimeline(events []interface{}) meetingTimeline {
 	timeline := meetingTimeline{}
 	var sequence int
+	var group int
 	for _, raw := range events {
 		event, _ := raw.(map[string]interface{})
 		if event == nil {
@@ -750,11 +345,11 @@ func buildMeetingEventTimeline(events []interface{}) meetingTimeline {
 		if timeline.topic == "" || !timeline.hasStart || !timeline.hasEnd {
 			populateMeetingHeader(&timeline, common.GetMap(payload, "meeting"))
 		}
-		for _, entry := range buildTimelineEntriesForEvent(event, &sequence) {
+		for _, entry := range buildTimelineEntriesForEvent(event, &sequence, group) {
 			timeline.entries = append(timeline.entries, entry)
 		}
+		group++
 	}
-	applyMeetingTimelineEndSignal(&timeline, meetingEventsEndSignalFromEvents(events))
 	sort.SliceStable(timeline.entries, func(i, j int) bool {
 		left := timeline.entries[i]
 		right := timeline.entries[j]
@@ -775,24 +370,6 @@ func buildMeetingEventTimeline(events []interface{}) meetingTimeline {
 	return timeline
 }

-func applyMeetingTimelineEndSignal(timeline *meetingTimeline, signal meetingEventsEndSignal) {
-	if timeline == nil || !signal.Ended {
-		return
-	}
-	if signal.HasEndTime {
-		if !timeline.hasStart || signal.EndTime.After(timeline.startTime) {
-			timeline.endTime = signal.EndTime
-			timeline.hasEnd = true
-			return
-		}
-		timeline.hasEnd = false
-		return
-	}
-	if timeline.hasStart && timeline.hasEnd && !timeline.endTime.After(timeline.startTime) {
-		timeline.hasEnd = false
-	}
-}
-
 func populateMeetingHeader(timeline *meetingTimeline, meeting map[string]interface{}) {
 	if timeline == nil || meeting == nil {
 		return
@@ -814,7 +391,7 @@ func populateMeetingHeader(timeline *meetingTimeline, meeting map[string]interfa
 	}
 }

-func buildTimelineEntriesForEvent(event map[string]interface{}, sequence *int) []meetingTimelineEntry {
+func buildTimelineEntriesForEvent(event map[string]interface{}, sequence *int, group int) []meetingTimelineEntry {
 	payload := common.GetMap(event, "payload")
 	if payload == nil {
 		return nil
@@ -823,26 +400,26 @@ func buildTimelineEntriesForEvent(event map[string]interface{}, sequence *int) [
 	eventTime, eventTimeOK := parseFlexibleTime(common.GetString(event, "event_time"))
 	switch eventType {
 	case "participant_joined":
-		return participantJoinedEntries(payload, eventTime, eventTimeOK, sequence)
+		return participantJoinedEntries(payload, eventTime, eventTimeOK, sequence, group)
 	case "participant_left":
-		return participantLeftEntries(payload, eventTime, eventTimeOK, sequence)
+		return participantLeftEntries(payload, eventTime, eventTimeOK, sequence, group)
 	case "transcript_received":
-		return transcriptEntries(payload, eventTime, eventTimeOK, sequence)
+		return transcriptEntries(payload, eventTime, eventTimeOK, sequence, group)
 	case "chat_received":
-		return chatEntries(payload, eventTime, eventTimeOK, sequence)
+		return chatEntries(payload, eventTime, eventTimeOK, sequence, group)
 	case "magic_share_started":
-		return magicShareStartedEntries(payload, eventTime, eventTimeOK, sequence)
+		return magicShareStartedEntries(payload, eventTime, eventTimeOK, sequence, group)
 	case "magic_share_ended":
-		return magicShareEndedEntries(payload, eventTime, eventTimeOK, sequence)
+		return magicShareEndedEntries(payload, eventTime, eventTimeOK, sequence, group)
 	default:
-		return []meetingTimelineEntry{newTimelineEntry(eventTime, eventTimeOK, sequence, meetingEventUserDisplayName(nil), meetingEventSummary(event), nil)}
+		return []meetingTimelineEntry{newTimelineEntry(eventTime, eventTimeOK, sequence, group, meetingEventUserDisplayName(nil), meetingEventSummary(event), nil)}
 	}
 }

-func participantJoinedEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.Time, fallbackOK bool, sequence *int) []meetingTimelineEntry {
+func participantJoinedEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.Time, fallbackOK bool, sequence *int, group int) []meetingTimelineEntry {
 	items := common.GetSlice(payload, "participant_joined_items")
 	if len(items) == 0 {
-		return []meetingTimelineEntry{newTimelineEntry(fallbackTime, fallbackOK, sequence, "", "加入了会议", nil)}
+		return []meetingTimelineEntry{newTimelineEntry(fallbackTime, fallbackOK, sequence, group, "", "加入了会议", nil)}
 	}
 	entries := make([]meetingTimelineEntry, 0, len(items))
 	for _, raw := range items {
@@ -855,15 +432,15 @@ func participantJoinedEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.
 		if subject == "" {
 			subject = "未知参会人"
 		}
-		entries = append(entries, newTimelineEntry(when, ok, sequence, subject, "加入了会议", nil))
+		entries = append(entries, newTimelineEntry(when, ok, sequence, group, subject, "加入了会议", nil))
 	}
 	return entries
 }

-func participantLeftEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.Time, fallbackOK bool, sequence *int) []meetingTimelineEntry {
+func participantLeftEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.Time, fallbackOK bool, sequence *int, group int) []meetingTimelineEntry {
 	items := common.GetSlice(payload, "participant_left_items")
 	if len(items) == 0 {
-		return []meetingTimelineEntry{newTimelineEntry(fallbackTime, fallbackOK, sequence, "", "离开了会议", nil)}
+		return []meetingTimelineEntry{newTimelineEntry(fallbackTime, fallbackOK, sequence, group, "", "离开了会议", nil)}
 	}
 	entries := make([]meetingTimelineEntry, 0, len(items))
 	for _, raw := range items {
@@ -876,15 +453,15 @@ func participantLeftEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.Ti
 		if subject == "" {
 			subject = "未知参会人"
 		}
-		entries = append(entries, newTimelineEntry(when, ok, sequence, subject, leaveAction(item), nil))
+		entries = append(entries, newTimelineEntry(when, ok, sequence, group, subject, leaveAction(item), nil))
 	}
 	return entries
 }

-func transcriptEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.Time, fallbackOK bool, sequence *int) []meetingTimelineEntry {
+func transcriptEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.Time, fallbackOK bool, sequence *int, group int) []meetingTimelineEntry {
 	items := common.GetSlice(payload, "transcript_received_items")
 	if len(items) == 0 {
-		return []meetingTimelineEntry{newTimelineEntry(fallbackTime, fallbackOK, sequence, "", "产生了转写", nil)}
+		return []meetingTimelineEntry{newTimelineEntry(fallbackTime, fallbackOK, sequence, group, "", "产生了转写", nil)}
 	}
 	entries := make([]meetingTimelineEntry, 0, len(items))
 	for _, raw := range items {
@@ -902,15 +479,15 @@ func transcriptEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.Time, f
 		if text != "" {
 			description = text
 		}
-		entries = append(entries, newTimelineEntry(when, ok, sequence, subject, description, nil))
+		entries = append(entries, newTimelineEntry(when, ok, sequence, group, subject, description, nil))
 	}
 	return entries
 }

-func chatEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.Time, fallbackOK bool, sequence *int) []meetingTimelineEntry {
+func chatEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.Time, fallbackOK bool, sequence *int, group int) []meetingTimelineEntry {
 	items := common.GetSlice(payload, "chat_received_items")
 	if len(items) == 0 {
-		return []meetingTimelineEntry{newTimelineEntry(fallbackTime, fallbackOK, sequence, "", "发送了消息", nil)}
+		return []meetingTimelineEntry{newTimelineEntry(fallbackTime, fallbackOK, sequence, group, "", "发送了消息", nil)}
 	}
 	entries := make([]meetingTimelineEntry, 0, len(items))
 	for _, raw := range items {
@@ -930,15 +507,15 @@ func chatEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.Time, fallbac
 		} else {
 			description = fmt.Sprintf("[%s] %s", typeLabel, description)
 		}
-		entries = append(entries, newTimelineEntry(when, ok, sequence, subject, description, nil))
+		entries = append(entries, newTimelineEntry(when, ok, sequence, group, subject, description, nil))
 	}
 	return entries
 }

-func magicShareStartedEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.Time, fallbackOK bool, sequence *int) []meetingTimelineEntry {
+func magicShareStartedEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.Time, fallbackOK bool, sequence *int, group int) []meetingTimelineEntry {
 	items := common.GetSlice(payload, "magic_share_started_items")
 	if len(items) == 0 {
-		return []meetingTimelineEntry{newTimelineEntry(fallbackTime, fallbackOK, sequence, "", "开始共享内容", nil)}
+		return []meetingTimelineEntry{newTimelineEntry(fallbackTime, fallbackOK, sequence, group, "", "开始共享内容", nil)}
 	}
 	entries := make([]meetingTimelineEntry, 0, len(items))
 	for _, raw := range items {
@@ -961,15 +538,15 @@ func magicShareStartedEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.
 		if url != "" {
 			details = append(details, "URL: "+url)
 		}
-		entries = append(entries, newTimelineEntry(when, ok, sequence, subject, description, details))
+		entries = append(entries, newTimelineEntry(when, ok, sequence, group, subject, description, details))
 	}
 	return entries
 }

-func magicShareEndedEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.Time, fallbackOK bool, sequence *int) []meetingTimelineEntry {
+func magicShareEndedEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.Time, fallbackOK bool, sequence *int, group int) []meetingTimelineEntry {
 	items := common.GetSlice(payload, "magic_share_ended_items")
 	if len(items) == 0 {
-		return []meetingTimelineEntry{newTimelineEntry(fallbackTime, fallbackOK, sequence, "", "结束共享", nil)}
+		return []meetingTimelineEntry{newTimelineEntry(fallbackTime, fallbackOK, sequence, group, "", "结束共享", nil)}
 	}
 	entries := make([]meetingTimelineEntry, 0, len(items))
 	for _, raw := range items {
@@ -982,16 +559,17 @@ func magicShareEndedEntries(payload map[string]interface{}, fallbackTime time.Ti
 		if subject == "" {
 			subject = "未知用户"
 		}
-		entries = append(entries, newTimelineEntry(when, ok, sequence, subject, "结束共享", nil))
+		entries = append(entries, newTimelineEntry(when, ok, sequence, group, subject, "结束共享", nil))
 	}
 	return entries
 }

-func newTimelineEntry(when time.Time, hasWhen bool, sequence *int, subject, description string, details []string) meetingTimelineEntry {
+func newTimelineEntry(when time.Time, hasWhen bool, sequence *int, group int, subject, description string, details []string) meetingTimelineEntry {
 	entry := meetingTimelineEntry{
 		when:        when,
 		hasWhen:     hasWhen,
 		sequence:    *sequence,
+		group:       group,
 		subject:     subject,
 		description: description,
 		details:     details,
@@ -1135,9 +713,9 @@ func needsColon(description string) bool {

 func leaveAction(item map[string]interface{}) string {
 	switch int(common.GetFloat(item, "leave_reason")) {
-	case leaveReasonMeetingEnded:
+	case 2:
 		return "因会议结束离开了会议"
-	case leaveReasonKicked:
+	case 3:
 		return "被移出了会议"
 	default:
 		return "离开了会议"
--- a/shortcuts/vc/vc_meeting_events_test.go
+++ b/shortcuts/vc/vc_meeting_events_test.go
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ package vc

 import (
 	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"reflect"
 	"strings"
@@ -55,33 +54,6 @@ func meetingEventsStub(events []interface{}, hasMore bool, pageToken string) *ht
 	}
 }

-func botInfoStub() *httpmock.Stub {
-	return &httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "GET",
-		URL:    "/open-apis/bot/v3/info",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 0,
-			"msg":  "ok",
-			"bot": map[string]interface{}{
-				"open_id":  "bot_001",
-				"app_name": "Demo Bot",
-			},
-		},
-	}
-}
-
-func botInfoErrorStub() *httpmock.Stub {
-	return &httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "GET",
-		URL:    "/open-apis/bot/v3/info",
-		Status: 500,
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 99991663,
-			"msg":  "bot info unavailable",
-		},
-	}
-}
-
 func participantJoinedEvent() map[string]interface{} {
 	return map[string]interface{}{
 		"event_id":   "event-1",
@@ -101,8 +73,6 @@ func participantJoinedEvent() map[string]interface{} {
 					"participant": map[string]interface{}{
 						"id":        "bot_001",
 						"user_name": "Demo Bot",
-						"user_type": 2,
-						"user_role": 4,
 					},
 					"join_time": "2026-04-17T08:00:00Z",
 				},
@@ -120,36 +90,6 @@ func participantJoinedEventOngoing() map[string]interface{} {
 	return event
 }

-func participantLeftEventWithReason(leaveReason int) map[string]interface{} {
-	return map[string]interface{}{
-		"event_id":   "event-left",
-		"event_type": "participant_left",
-		"event_time": "2026-04-17T07:18:50Z",
-		"payload": map[string]interface{}{
-			"activity_event_type": "participant_left",
-			"meeting": map[string]interface{}{
-				"id":         "7628568141510692381",
-				"topic":      "项目例会",
-				"meeting_no": "724939760",
-				"start_time": "1776410100",
-				"end_time":   "1776410100",
-			},
-			"participant_left_items": []interface{}{
-				map[string]interface{}{
-					"participant": map[string]interface{}{
-						"id":        "bot_001",
-						"user_name": "Demo Bot",
-						"user_type": 2,
-						"user_role": 4,
-					},
-					"leave_time":   "1776410330000",
-					"leave_reason": leaveReason,
-				},
-			},
-		},
-	}
-}
-
 func chatReceivedEvent() map[string]interface{} {
 	return map[string]interface{}{
 		"event_id":   "event-2",
@@ -172,7 +112,7 @@ func chatReceivedEvent() map[string]interface{} {
 			"chat_received_items": []interface{}{
 				map[string]interface{}{
 					"content":      "hello",
-					"message_type": 1,
+					"message_type": 3,
 					"operator": map[string]interface{}{
 						"id":        "u1",
 						"user_name": "Alice",
@@ -200,7 +140,7 @@ func multiChatReceivedEvent() map[string]interface{} {
 			"chat_received_items": []interface{}{
 				map[string]interface{}{
 					"content":      "第一条\n第二行",
-					"message_type": 1,
+					"message_type": 3,
 					"send_time":    "1776408061000",
 					"operator": map[string]interface{}{
 						"id":        "u1",
@@ -209,44 +149,6 @@ func multiChatReceivedEvent() map[string]interface{} {
 				},
 				map[string]interface{}{
 					"content":      "第二条",
-					"message_type": 1,
-					"send_time":    "1776408062000",
-					"operator": map[string]interface{}{
-						"id":        "u1",
-						"user_name": "Alice",
-					},
-				},
-			},
-		},
-	}
-}
-
-func mixedChatAndReactionEvent() map[string]interface{} {
-	return map[string]interface{}{
-		"event_id":   "event-reaction",
-		"event_type": "chat_received",
-		"event_time": "2026-04-17T08:05:00Z",
-		"payload": map[string]interface{}{
-			"activity_event_type": "chat_received",
-			"meeting": map[string]interface{}{
-				"id":         "7628568141510692381",
-				"topic":      "项目例会",
-				"meeting_no": "724939760",
-				"start_time": "1776407700",
-				"end_time":   "1776411300",
-			},
-			"chat_received_items": []interface{}{
-				map[string]interface{}{
-					"content":      "hello",
-					"message_type": 1,
-					"send_time":    "1776408061000",
-					"operator": map[string]interface{}{
-						"id":        "u1",
-						"user_name": "Alice",
-					},
-				},
-				map[string]interface{}{
-					"content":      "OK",
 					"message_type": 3,
 					"send_time":    "1776408062000",
 					"operator": map[string]interface{}{
@@ -512,7 +414,7 @@ func TestMeetingEvents_DryRun(t *testing.T) {
 		"--start", "1710000000",
 		"--end", "1710003600",
 		"--dry-run",
-		"--as", "bot",
+		"--as", "user",
 	}, f, stdout)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
@@ -540,7 +442,7 @@ func TestMeetingEvents_DryRun_PageAllUsesMaxLimit(t *testing.T) {
 		"--meeting-id", "7628568141510692381",
 		"--page-all",
 		"--dry-run",
-		"--as", "bot",
+		"--as", "user",
 	}, f, stdout)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
@@ -555,39 +457,24 @@ func TestMeetingEvents_ExecuteJSON_PageAll(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
 	reg.Register(meetingEventsStub([]interface{}{participantJoinedEvent()}, true, "pt_2"))
 	reg.Register(meetingEventsStub([]interface{}{participantJoinedEvent()}, false, ""))
-	reg.Register(botInfoStub())

 	err := mountAndRun(t, VCMeetingEvents, []string{
 		"+meeting-events",
 		"--meeting-id", "7628568141510692381",
 		"--format", "json",
 		"--page-all",
-		"--as", "bot",
+		"--as", "user",
 	}, f, stdout)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
 	}
 	reg.Verify(t)

-	var envelope map[string]interface{}
-	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(stdout.String()), &envelope); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unmarshal stdout: %v: %s", err, stdout.String())
-	}
-	events := common.GetSlice(common.GetMap(envelope, "data"), "events")
-	if got := len(events); got != 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("events len = %d, want 2: %s", got, stdout.String())
-	}
-	for _, raw := range events {
-		event, _ := raw.(map[string]interface{})
-		if _, ok := event["summary"]; ok {
-			t.Fatalf("event should not expose summary: %s", stdout.String())
-		}
-		if _, ok := event["raw"]; ok {
-			t.Fatalf("event should not expose raw: %s", stdout.String())
-		}
-	}
 	out := strings.ReplaceAll(stdout.String(), " ", "")
 	out = strings.ReplaceAll(out, "\n", "")
+	if count := strings.Count(out, `"event_type":"participant_joined"`); count != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 aggregated events, got %d: %s", count, stdout.String())
+	}
 	if !strings.Contains(out, `"has_more":false`) {
 		t.Fatalf("expected final has_more=false: %s", stdout.String())
 	}
@@ -596,80 +483,6 @@ func TestMeetingEvents_ExecuteJSON_PageAll(t *testing.T) {
 func TestMeetingEvents_ExecuteJSON(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
 	reg.Register(meetingEventsStub([]interface{}{participantJoinedEvent()}, true, "1710000000000000000"))
-	reg.Register(botInfoStub())
-
-	err := mountAndRun(t, VCMeetingEvents, []string{
-		"+meeting-events",
-		"--meeting-id", "7628568141510692381",
-		"--format", "json",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-	reg.Verify(t)
-
-	out := strings.ReplaceAll(stdout.String(), " ", "")
-	out = strings.ReplaceAll(out, "\n", "")
-	for _, want := range []string{
-		`"identity":{"id":"bot_001","name":"DemoBot","participant_type":"bot","label":"DemoBot[bot]"}`,
-		`"role":"bot"`,
-		`"event_type":"participant_joined"`,
-		`"actors":[`,
-		`"start_time":"2026-04-17T06:35:00Z"`,
-		`"has_more":true`,
-		`"page_token":"1710000000000000000"`,
-		`"events":[`,
-	} {
-		if !strings.Contains(out, want) {
-			t.Fatalf("json output missing %q: %s", want, stdout.String())
-		}
-	}
-	for _, unwanted := range []string{
-		`"current_participants":`,
-		`"is_self":`,
-		`"summary":`,
-		`"raw":`,
-	} {
-		if strings.Contains(out, unwanted) {
-			t.Fatalf("json output should not contain %q: %s", unwanted, stdout.String())
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMeetingEvents_ExecuteJSON_BotIdentityErrorDoesNotBlockEvents(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-	reg.Register(meetingEventsStub([]interface{}{participantJoinedEvent()}, false, ""))
-	reg.Register(botInfoErrorStub())
-
-	err := mountAndRun(t, VCMeetingEvents, []string{
-		"+meeting-events",
-		"--meeting-id", "7628568141510692381",
-		"--format", "json",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-	reg.Verify(t)
-
-	out := strings.ReplaceAll(stdout.String(), " ", "")
-	out = strings.ReplaceAll(out, "\n", "")
-	for _, want := range []string{
-		`"event_type":"participant_joined"`,
-		`"identity":{"participant_type":"bot","label":"bot"}`,
-		`"warnings":[`,
-		`identityunavailable`,
-	} {
-		if !strings.Contains(out, want) {
-			t.Fatalf("json output missing %q: %s", want, stdout.String())
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMeetingEvents_ExecuteJSON_UserIdentitySkipsBotInfo(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-	reg.Register(meetingEventsStub([]interface{}{participantJoinedEvent()}, false, ""))

 	err := mountAndRun(t, VCMeetingEvents, []string{
 		"+meeting-events",
@@ -685,205 +498,26 @@ func TestMeetingEvents_ExecuteJSON_UserIdentitySkipsBotInfo(t *testing.T) {
 	out := strings.ReplaceAll(stdout.String(), " ", "")
 	out = strings.ReplaceAll(out, "\n", "")
 	for _, want := range []string{
-		`"identity":{"id":"ou_testuser","participant_type":"human","label":"ou_testuser[human]"}`,
 		`"event_type":"participant_joined"`,
-		`"has_more":false`,
-	} {
-		if !strings.Contains(out, want) {
-			t.Fatalf("user json output missing %q: %s", want, stdout.String())
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMeetingEvents_ExecuteJSON_OngoingMeetingOmitsEndTime(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-	reg.Register(meetingEventsStub([]interface{}{participantJoinedEventOngoing()}, false, ""))
-	reg.Register(botInfoStub())
-
-	err := mountAndRun(t, VCMeetingEvents, []string{
-		"+meeting-events",
-		"--meeting-id", "7628568141510692381",
-		"--format", "json",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-	reg.Verify(t)
-
-	var envelope map[string]interface{}
-	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(stdout.String()), &envelope); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("invalid json output: %v\n%s", err, stdout.String())
-	}
-	data := common.GetMap(envelope, "data")
-	meeting := common.GetMap(data, "meeting")
-	if got := common.GetString(meeting, "status"); got != "ongoing" {
-		t.Fatalf("meeting status = %q, want ongoing: %s", got, stdout.String())
-	}
-	if _, ok := meeting["end_time"]; ok {
-		t.Fatalf("ongoing meeting should not expose dirty top-level end_time: %s", stdout.String())
-	}
-}
-
-func TestBuildMeetingEventsOutput_MeetingEndedLeaveReasonOverridesDirtyMeetingEndTime(t *testing.T) {
-	out := buildMeetingEventsOutput(map[string]interface{}{}, []interface{}{
-		participantLeftEventWithReason(leaveReasonMeetingEnded),
-	}, meetingEventsIdentity{})
-
-	if got := out.Meeting.Status; got != "ended" {
-		t.Fatalf("meeting status = %q, want ended", got)
-	}
-	if got := out.Meeting.EndTime; got != "2026-04-17T07:18:50Z" {
-		t.Fatalf("meeting end_time = %q, want leave time", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestBuildMeetingEventsOutput_NormalLeaveReasonDoesNotEndMeeting(t *testing.T) {
-	out := buildMeetingEventsOutput(map[string]interface{}{}, []interface{}{
-		participantLeftEventWithReason(leaveReasonUserLeft),
-	}, meetingEventsIdentity{})
-
-	if got := out.Meeting.Status; got != "ongoing" {
-		t.Fatalf("meeting status = %q, want ongoing", got)
-	}
-	if got := out.Meeting.EndTime; got != "" {
-		t.Fatalf("meeting end_time = %q, want empty", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestRenderMeetingEventsPretty_MeetingEndedLeaveReasonOverridesDirtyMeetingEndTime(t *testing.T) {
-	timeline := buildMeetingEventTimeline([]interface{}{
-		participantLeftEventWithReason(leaveReasonMeetingEnded),
-	})
-	got := renderMeetingEventsPretty(timeline)
-
-	if strings.Contains(got, "进行中") {
-		t.Fatalf("pretty output should not show ongoing for meeting-ended leave reason: %s", got)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(got, "会议时间：2026-04-17 15:15:00 - 2026-04-17 15:18:50") {
-		t.Fatalf("pretty output missing derived meeting end window: %s", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestBuildMeetingEventsOutput_UsesLatestMeetingSnapshot(t *testing.T) {
-	out := buildMeetingEventsOutput(map[string]interface{}{}, []interface{}{
-		participantJoinedEventOngoing(),
-		participantJoinedEvent(),
-	}, meetingEventsIdentity{})
-
-	if got := out.Meeting.Status; got != "ended" {
-		t.Fatalf("meeting status = %q, want ended", got)
-	}
-	if got := out.Meeting.EndTime; got != "2026-04-17T07:35:00Z" {
-		t.Fatalf("meeting end_time = %q, want latest ended snapshot", got)
-	}
-	if got := len(out.Events); got != 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("events len = %d, want 2", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestBuildMeetingEventsOutput_EmptyEventsHasUnknownMeetingStatus(t *testing.T) {
-	out := buildMeetingEventsOutput(map[string]interface{}{}, nil, meetingEventsIdentity{})
-
-	if got := out.Meeting.Status; got != "unknown" {
-		t.Fatalf("meeting status = %q, want unknown", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMeetingEventsMeetingFromPayload_StartOnlyIsOngoing(t *testing.T) {
-	got := meetingEventsMeetingFromPayload(map[string]interface{}{
-		"id":         "m1",
-		"start_time": "1776410100",
-	})
-
-	if got.Status != "ongoing" {
-		t.Fatalf("meeting status = %q, want ongoing", got.Status)
-	}
-	if got.StartTime != "2026-04-17T07:15:00Z" {
-		t.Fatalf("meeting start_time = %q, want normalized RFC3339", got.StartTime)
-	}
-	if got.EndTime != "" {
-		t.Fatalf("meeting end_time = %q, want empty", got.EndTime)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMeetingEvents_ExecuteNDJSONIncludesMetadataRow(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-	reg.Register(meetingEventsStub([]interface{}{participantJoinedEvent()}, true, "1710000000000000000"))
-	reg.Register(botInfoStub())
-
-	err := mountAndRun(t, VCMeetingEvents, []string{
-		"+meeting-events",
-		"--meeting-id", "7628568141510692381",
-		"--format", "ndjson",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-	reg.Verify(t)
-
-	lines := strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(stdout.String()), "\n")
-	if len(lines) != 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("ndjson lines = %d, want 2: %s", len(lines), stdout.String())
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(lines[0], `"row_type":"event"`) || !strings.Contains(lines[0], `"event_type":"participant_joined"`) {
-		t.Fatalf("first ndjson row should be event: %s", lines[0])
-	}
-	for _, unwanted := range []string{
-		`"summary":`,
-		`"raw":`,
-	} {
-		if strings.Contains(lines[0], unwanted) {
-			t.Fatalf("event ndjson row should not contain %q: %s", unwanted, lines[0])
-		}
-	}
-	for _, want := range []string{
-		`"row_type":"metadata"`,
 		`"has_more":true`,
 		`"page_token":"1710000000000000000"`,
-		`"identity":`,
+		`"events":[`,
 	} {
-		if !strings.Contains(lines[1], want) {
-			t.Fatalf("metadata ndjson row missing %q: %s", want, lines[1])
+		if !strings.Contains(out, want) {
+			t.Fatalf("json output missing %q: %s", want, stdout.String())
 		}
 	}
 }

-func TestMeetingEventsEventRows_OmitsEmptyEventFields(t *testing.T) {
-	rows := meetingEventsEventRows([]meetingEventsEvent{
-		{EventType: "unknown_event"},
-	}, nil)
-	if len(rows) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("rows len = %d, want 1", len(rows))
-	}
-	row, ok := rows[0].(map[string]interface{})
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("row type = %T, want map", rows[0])
-	}
-	for _, unwanted := range []string{"event_id", "event_time", "actors", "payload"} {
-		if _, exists := row[unwanted]; exists {
-			t.Fatalf("row should omit %q when empty: %#v", unwanted, row)
-		}
-	}
-	if got := row["row_type"]; got != "event" {
-		t.Fatalf("row_type = %v, want event", got)
-	}
-	if got := row["event_type"]; got != "unknown_event" {
-		t.Fatalf("event_type = %v, want unknown_event", got)
-	}
-}
-
 func TestMeetingEvents_ExecuteJSON_PrunesEmptySlices(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
 	reg.Register(meetingEventsStub([]interface{}{chatReceivedEvent()}, false, ""))
-	reg.Register(botInfoStub())

 	err := mountAndRun(t, VCMeetingEvents, []string{
 		"+meeting-events",
 		"--meeting-id", "7628568141510692381",
 		"--format", "json",
-		"--as", "bot",
+		"--as", "user",
 	}, f, stdout)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
@@ -902,54 +536,20 @@ func TestMeetingEvents_ExecuteJSON_PrunesEmptySlices(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Fatalf("json output should not contain %q: %s", unwanted, out)
 		}
 	}
-	if !strings.Contains(out, `"message_type": 1`) {
+	if !strings.Contains(out, `"message_type": 3`) {
 		t.Fatalf("json output should keep numeric fields: %s", out)
 	}
 }

-func TestMeetingEvents_ExecuteJSON_PreservesReactionItems(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-	reg.Register(meetingEventsStub([]interface{}{mixedChatAndReactionEvent()}, false, ""))
-	reg.Register(botInfoStub())
-
-	err := mountAndRun(t, VCMeetingEvents, []string{
-		"+meeting-events",
-		"--meeting-id", "7628568141510692381",
-		"--format", "json",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-	reg.Verify(t)
-
-	out := strings.ReplaceAll(stdout.String(), " ", "")
-	out = strings.ReplaceAll(out, "\n", "")
-	for _, want := range []string{
-		`"event_type":"chat_received"`,
-		`"chat_received_items":[`,
-		`"content":"OK"`,
-		`"message_type":3`,
-	} {
-		if !strings.Contains(out, want) {
-			t.Fatalf("json output missing %q: %s", want, stdout.String())
-		}
-	}
-	if strings.Contains(out, `"im_post"`) {
-		t.Fatalf("json output should not include IM post payload: %s", stdout.String())
-	}
-}
-
 func TestMeetingEvents_ExecutePretty(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
 	reg.Register(meetingEventsStub([]interface{}{participantJoinedEventOngoing(), multiChatReceivedEvent(), magicShareStartedEvent()}, true, "1710000000000000000"))
-	reg.Register(botInfoStub())

 	err := mountAndRun(t, VCMeetingEvents, []string{
 		"+meeting-events",
 		"--meeting-id", "7628568141510692381",
 		"--format", "pretty",
-		"--as", "bot",
+		"--as", "user",
 	}, f, stdout)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
@@ -958,12 +558,11 @@ func TestMeetingEvents_ExecutePretty(t *testing.T) {

 	out := stdout.String()
 	for _, want := range []string{
-		"当前身份：Demo Bot [bot]",
 		"会议主题：项目例会",
 		"会议时间：2026-04-17 15:15:00（进行中）",
 		"Demo Bot(bot_001) 加入了会议",
-		"Alice(u1): [text] 第一条\\n第二行",
-		"Alice(u1): [text] 第二条",
+		"Alice(u1): [reaction] 第一条\\n第二行",
+		"Alice(u1): [reaction] 第二条",
 		"Bob(u2) 开始共享「共享文档」",
 		"URL: https://example.com/doc",
 		"page_token: 1710000000000000000",
@@ -983,13 +582,12 @@ func TestMeetingEvents_ExecutePretty(t *testing.T) {
 func TestMeetingEvents_ExecutePretty_PrintsPageTokenWithoutHasMore(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
 	reg.Register(meetingEventsStub([]interface{}{participantJoinedEventOngoing()}, false, "pt_last"))
-	reg.Register(botInfoStub())

 	err := mountAndRun(t, VCMeetingEvents, []string{
 		"+meeting-events",
 		"--meeting-id", "7628568141510692381",
 		"--format", "pretty",
-		"--as", "bot",
+		"--as", "user",
 	}, f, stdout)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
@@ -1008,13 +606,12 @@ func TestMeetingEvents_ExecutePretty_PrintsPageTokenWithoutHasMore(t *testing.T)
 func TestMeetingEvents_ExecuteEmpty(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
 	reg.Register(meetingEventsStub(nil, false, ""))
-	reg.Register(botInfoStub())

 	err := mountAndRun(t, VCMeetingEvents, []string{
 		"+meeting-events",
 		"--meeting-id", "7628568141510692381",
 		"--format", "pretty",
-		"--as", "bot",
+		"--as", "user",
 	}, f, stdout)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
@@ -1253,9 +850,9 @@ func TestLeaveAction(t *testing.T) {
 		item map[string]interface{}
 		want string
 	}{
-		{name: "meeting ended", item: map[string]interface{}{"leave_reason": leaveReasonMeetingEnded}, want: "因会议结束离开了会议"},
-		{name: "kicked", item: map[string]interface{}{"leave_reason": leaveReasonKicked}, want: "被移出了会议"},
-		{name: "default", item: map[string]interface{}{"leave_reason": leaveReasonUserLeft}, want: "离开了会议"},
+		{name: "meeting ended", item: map[string]interface{}{"leave_reason": 2}, want: "因会议结束离开了会议"},
+		{name: "kicked", item: map[string]interface{}{"leave_reason": 3}, want: "被移出了会议"},
+		{name: "default", item: map[string]interface{}{"leave_reason": 1}, want: "离开了会议"},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -1287,70 +884,6 @@ func TestMeetingEventUserWithID(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestMeetingEventsIdentityFromParticipant_UsesContractFields(t *testing.T) {
-	got := meetingEventsIdentityFromParticipant(map[string]interface{}{
-		"id":        "u1",
-		"user_name": "Alice",
-		"user_type": 1,
-		"user_role": 2,
-	}, meetingEventsIdentity{})
-
-	if got.ParticipantType != "human" || got.Role != "host" {
-		t.Fatalf("identity = %#v, want participant_type=human role=host", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMeetingEventsIdentityFromParticipant_UserRoleParticipant(t *testing.T) {
-	got := meetingEventsIdentityFromParticipant(map[string]interface{}{
-		"id":        "u1",
-		"user_name": "Alice",
-		"user_type": 1,
-		"user_role": 1,
-	}, meetingEventsIdentity{})
-
-	if got.Role != "participant" {
-		t.Fatalf("identity = %#v, want role=participant", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMeetingEventsIdentityFromParticipant_UserTypeApp(t *testing.T) {
-	got := meetingEventsIdentityFromParticipant(map[string]interface{}{
-		"id":        "ou_app",
-		"user_name": "Demo Bot",
-		"user_type": 10,
-		"user_role": 1,
-	}, meetingEventsIdentity{})
-
-	if got.ParticipantType != "bot" {
-		t.Fatalf("identity = %#v, want participant_type=bot", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMeetingEventsIdentityFromParticipant_UnknownUserType(t *testing.T) {
-	got := meetingEventsIdentityFromParticipant(map[string]interface{}{
-		"id":        "u_unknown",
-		"user_name": "Unknown",
-		"user_type": 0,
-		"user_role": 1,
-	}, meetingEventsIdentity{})
-
-	if got.ParticipantType != "unknown" {
-		t.Fatalf("identity = %#v, want participant_type=unknown", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMeetingEventsIdentityFromParticipant_IgnoresGenericTypeField(t *testing.T) {
-	got := meetingEventsIdentityFromParticipant(map[string]interface{}{
-		"id":        "u1",
-		"user_name": "Alice",
-		"type":      "bot",
-	}, meetingEventsIdentity{})
-
-	if got.ParticipantType != "human" {
-		t.Fatalf("identity = %#v, generic type field should not drive participant_type", got)
-	}
-}
-
 func TestMeetingEventSummary(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		name  string
@@ -1400,22 +933,6 @@ func TestMeetingEventSummary(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestMeetingEventsEventFromPayloadUsesActivityEventTypeFallback(t *testing.T) {
-	event := participantJoinedEvent()
-	delete(event, "event_type")
-
-	got := meetingEventsEventFromPayload(event, meetingEventsIdentity{})
-	if got.EventType != "participant_joined" {
-		t.Fatalf("EventType = %q, want participant_joined", got.EventType)
-	}
-	if len(got.Actors) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("actors len = %d, want 1: %#v", len(got.Actors), got.Actors)
-	}
-	if got.Actors[0].ID != "bot_001" {
-		t.Fatalf("actor id = %q, want bot_001", got.Actors[0].ID)
-	}
-}
-
 func TestEscapePrettyText(t *testing.T) {
 	got := escapePrettyText("line1\nline2\t\r" + string(rune(0x07)))
 	want := `line1\nline2\t\r\u0007`
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More