fix(sheets): hide bitable sheet creation

os.Stdin.Stat is intentional here - pipe detection needs the real
process fd; IOStreams.In is a plain io.Reader without Stat. Clears the
lint failure left by the stdin-fallback commit.

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -47,34 +47,6 @@ jobs:
             exit 1
           fi
 
-  plugin-integration:
-    needs: fast-gate
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@4a3601121dd01d1626a1e23e37211e3254c1c06c # v6
-        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
-      # No fetch_meta: the git-archive clean tree must embed only the
-      # committed meta_data stub (reproduces the bare-module customer state).
-      - name: Run plugin-integration L4 tests
-        run: go test -count=1 -timeout=15m ./tests/plugin_e2e/...
-
-  sidecar-integration:
-    needs: fast-gate
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@4a3601121dd01d1626a1e23e37211e3254c1c06c # v6
-        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
-      - name: Run sidecar tag build + HMAC round-trip
-        run: make sidecar-test
-
   # ── Layer 2: Quality Gate ──────────────────────────────────────────
   unit-test:
     needs: fast-gate
@@ -291,19 +263,13 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
       - uses: actions/setup-go@4a3601121dd01d1626a1e23e37211e3254c1c06c # v6
         with:
           go-version-file: go.mod
       - uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6
         with:
           python-version: '3.x'
-      - name: Resolve CLI E2E domains
-        id: e2e_domains
-        run: node scripts/e2e_domains.js
       - name: Build lark-cli
-        if: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.mode != 'skip' }}
         run: make build
       - name: Run dry-run E2E tests
         env:
@@ -311,28 +277,7 @@ jobs:
           LARKSUITE_CLI_APP_ID: dry-run
           LARKSUITE_CLI_APP_SECRET: dry-run
           LARKSUITE_CLI_BRAND: feishu
-          E2E_MODE: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.mode }}
-          E2E_REASON: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.reason }}
-          E2E_DRY_ROOT_PACKAGE: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.dry_root_package }}
-          E2E_DRY_PACKAGES: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.dry_packages }}
-        run: |
-          if [ "$E2E_MODE" = "skip" ]; then
-            echo "No dry-run CLI E2E needed: $E2E_REASON"
-            exit 0
-          fi
-          if [ -z "$E2E_DRY_ROOT_PACKAGE" ] && [ -z "$E2E_DRY_PACKAGES" ]; then
-            echo "::error::No dry-run CLI E2E packages resolved for mode $E2E_MODE"
-            exit 1
-          fi
-          echo "Dry-run CLI E2E domains: $E2E_MODE ($E2E_REASON)"
-          if [ -n "$E2E_DRY_ROOT_PACKAGE" ]; then
-            echo "Dry-run CLI E2E root package: $E2E_DRY_ROOT_PACKAGE"
-            go test -v -count=1 -timeout=5m "$E2E_DRY_ROOT_PACKAGE"
-          fi
-          if [ -n "$E2E_DRY_PACKAGES" ]; then
-            echo "Dry-run CLI E2E packages: $E2E_DRY_PACKAGES"
-            go test -v -count=1 -timeout=5m $E2E_DRY_PACKAGES -run 'DryRun|Regression'
-          fi
+        run: go test -v -count=1 -timeout=5m ./tests/cli_e2e/... -run 'DryRun|Regression'
 
   e2e-live:
     needs: [unit-test, lint, script-test, deterministic-gate]
@@ -347,22 +292,15 @@ jobs:
       TEST_USER_ACCESS_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.TEST_USER_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
       - uses: actions/setup-go@4a3601121dd01d1626a1e23e37211e3254c1c06c # v6
         with:
           go-version-file: go.mod
       - uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6
         with:
           python-version: '3.x'
-      - name: Resolve CLI E2E domains
-        id: e2e_domains
-        run: node scripts/e2e_domains.js
       - name: Build lark-cli
-        if: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.mode != 'skip' }}
         run: make build
       - name: Configure bot credentials
-        if: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.mode != 'skip' }}
         run: |
           if [ -z "$TEST_BOT1_APP_ID" ] || [ -z "$TEST_BOT1_APP_SECRET" ]; then
             echo "::error::Missing required secrets: TEST_BOT1_APP_ID / TEST_BOT1_APP_SECRET"
@@ -372,24 +310,16 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run CLI E2E tests
         env:
           LARK_CLI_BIN: ${{ github.workspace }}/lark-cli
-          E2E_MODE: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.mode }}
-          E2E_REASON: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.reason }}
-          E2E_LIVE_PACKAGES: ${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.live_packages }}
         run: |
-          if [ "$E2E_MODE" = "skip" ]; then
-            echo "No live CLI E2E needed: $E2E_REASON"
-            exit 0
-          fi
-          packages="$E2E_LIVE_PACKAGES"
+          packages=$(go list ./tests/cli_e2e/... | grep -v '^github.com/larksuite/cli/tests/cli_e2e$' | grep -v '/demo$')
           if [ -z "$packages" ]; then
-            echo "::error::No live CLI E2E packages resolved for mode $E2E_MODE"
+            echo "No CLI E2E packages to test after exclusions."
             exit 1
           fi
-          echo "Live CLI E2E domains: $E2E_MODE ($E2E_REASON)"
-          echo "Live CLI E2E packages: $packages"
-          go run gotest.tools/gotestsum@v1.12.3 --rerun-fails=2 --rerun-fails-max-failures=20 --packages="$packages" --format testname --junitfile cli-e2e-report.xml -- -count=1 -v
+          packages_arg=$(printf '%s\n' "$packages" | paste -sd' ' -)
+          go run gotest.tools/gotestsum@v1.12.3 --rerun-fails=2 --rerun-fails-max-failures=20 --packages="$packages_arg" --format testname --junitfile cli-e2e-report.xml -- -count=1 -v
       - name: Publish CLI E2E test report
-        if: ${{ !cancelled() && steps.e2e_domains.outputs.mode != 'skip' }}
+        if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
         uses: dorny/test-reporter@a43b3a5f7366b97d083190328d2c652e1a8b6aa2 # v3.0.0
         with:
           name: CLI E2E Tests
@@ -442,7 +372,7 @@ jobs:
   # ── Results Gate (single required check for branch protection) ─────
   results:
     if: ${{ always() }}
-    needs: [fast-gate, unit-test, lint, script-test, deterministic-gate, coverage, deadcode, e2e-dry-run, e2e-live, security, license-header, plugin-integration, sidecar-integration]
+    needs: [fast-gate, unit-test, lint, script-test, deterministic-gate, coverage, deadcode, e2e-dry-run, e2e-live, security, license-header]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Evaluate results
@@ -462,18 +392,10 @@ jobs:
           echo "| L3 | e2e-live | ${{ needs.e2e-live.result }} |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
           echo "| L4 | security | ${{ needs.security.result }} |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
           echo "| L4 | license-header | ${{ needs.license-header.result }} |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-          echo "| L4 | plugin-integration (observe-only) | ${{ needs.plugin-integration.result }} |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-          echo "| L4 | sidecar-integration (observe-only) | ${{ needs.sidecar-integration.result }} |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
 
           # Any failure or cancellation in any job blocks the merge.
           # Legitimately skipped jobs (deadcode on push, e2e-live on fork,
           # license-header on push) are OK.
-          #
-          # plugin-integration and sidecar-integration are intentionally NOT
-          # in this loop yet: they run on every PR and their status is shown
-          # in the table above, but a failure is observe-only (non-blocking)
-          # during the initial soak. Add them back here to make them required
-          # once they have proven stable.
           FAILED=0
           for result in \
             "${{ needs.fast-gate.result }}" \

.gitignore

@@ -27,9 +27,6 @@ Thumbs.db
 # Go
 docs/ref
 docs/
-!tests/cli_e2e/docs/
-!tests/cli_e2e/docs/*.go
-!tests/cli_e2e/docs/*.md
 vendor/
 
 

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -2,49 +2,6 @@
 
 All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 
-## [v1.0.66] - 2026-07-07
-
-### Features
-
-- support semantic recurring calendar operations (#1723)
-- minute wait (#1768)
-
-### Bug Fixes
-
-- guide drive import concurrency conflicts (#1751)
-- **calendar**: guide approval room booking fallback (#1637)
-- support pnpm global installs in self-update (#1705)
-- resolve schema against runtime metadata in plugin builds; gate cache overlay by version (#1764)
-
-### Documentation
-
-- tighten doc creation validation workflow (#1759)
-- clarify success envelope contract — judge success by ok, not code (#1730)
-
-### Refactoring
-
-- **envvars**: consolidate agent env value access (#1757)
-
-### Misc
-
-- Improve agent-facing error guidance for drive, markdown, and wiki (#1779)
-
-## [v1.0.65] - 2026-07-03
-
-### Features
-
-- **doc**: Add `+history-list`, `+history-revert`, and `+history-revert-status` shortcuts for document version history (#1612)
-
-### Bug Fixes
-
-- **minutes**: `+speaker-replace` no longer refetches the speaker list — `--from-speaker-id` is passed through as-is (#1731)
-
-### Documentation
-
-- **drive**: Document 30-char query limit for `+search` (#1560)
-- **doc**: Add mindnote guidance to lark-doc skill (#1581)
-- **doc**: Sync lark-doc skill content from online-doc (#1701)
-
 ## [v1.0.64] - 2026-07-02
 
 ### Features
@@ -1398,8 +1355,6 @@ Bundled AI agent skills for intelligent assistance:
 - Bilingual documentation (English & Chinese).
 - CI/CD pipelines: linting, testing, coverage reporting, and automated releases.
 
-[v1.0.66]: https://github.com/larksuite/cli/releases/tag/v1.0.66
-[v1.0.65]: https://github.com/larksuite/cli/releases/tag/v1.0.65
 [v1.0.64]: https://github.com/larksuite/cli/releases/tag/v1.0.64
 [v1.0.62]: https://github.com/larksuite/cli/releases/tag/v1.0.62
 [v1.0.61]: https://github.com/larksuite/cli/releases/tag/v1.0.61

Makefile

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ PREFIX   ?= /usr/local
 TEST_GOARCH := $(or $(GOARCH),$(shell go env GOARCH))
 RACE_FLAG := $(if $(filter riscv64,$(TEST_GOARCH)),,-race)
 
-.PHONY: all build vet fmt-check script-test test unit-test integration-test examples-build quality-gate install uninstall clean fetch_meta gitleaks sidecar-test
+.PHONY: all build vet fmt-check script-test test unit-test integration-test examples-build quality-gate install uninstall clean fetch_meta gitleaks
 
 all: test
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ script-test:
 	bash scripts/resolve-changed-from.test.sh
 	bash scripts/ci-workflow.test.sh
 	bash scripts/semantic-review-workflow.test.sh
-	$(NODE) --test scripts/e2e_domains.test.js scripts/semantic-review-verify-artifact.test.js scripts/pr-quality-summary.test.js scripts/semantic-review-publish.test.js scripts/ci-quality-summary-publish.test.js
+	$(NODE) --test scripts/semantic-review-verify-artifact.test.js scripts/pr-quality-summary.test.js scripts/semantic-review-publish.test.js scripts/ci-quality-summary-publish.test.js
 
 # ./extension/... keeps the public plugin SDK in the default test matrix.
 unit-test: fetch_meta
@@ -105,14 +105,6 @@ uninstall:
 clean:
 	rm -f $(BINARY)
 
-# sidecar-test compiles and runs the authsidecar* build-tagged code that the
-# default CI matrix never sees (they carry //go:build tags).
-sidecar-test:
-	go build -tags authsidecar -o /dev/null .
-	go test $(RACE_FLAG) -count=1 -tags authsidecar ./extension/credential/sidecar/ ./extension/transport/sidecar/ ./internal/cmdutil/
-	go test $(RACE_FLAG) -count=1 -tags authsidecar_demo ./sidecar/server-demo/
-	go test $(RACE_FLAG) -count=1 -tags authsidecar ./tests/sidecar_e2e/
-
 # Run secret-leak checks locally before pushing.
 # Step 1: check-doc-tokens catches realistic-looking example tokens in reference
 #         docs and asks you to use _EXAMPLE_TOKEN placeholders instead.

README.md

@@ -233,24 +233,6 @@ lark-cli api POST /open-apis/im/v1/messages --params '{"receive_id_type":"chat_i
 --format csv       # Comma-separated values
 ```
 
-### JSON Output Contract
-
-With `--format json` (the default), success and error envelopes are distinct.
-
-Success goes to **stdout**, exit code `0`:
-
-```json
-{ "ok": true, "identity": "user", "data": { "guid": "..." }, "meta": { "count": 1 } }
-```
-
-Errors go to **stderr**, non-zero exit code:
-
-```json
-{ "ok": false, "identity": "user", "error": { "type": "api", "subtype": "...", "code": 99991679, "message": "...", "hint": "..." } }
-```
-
-To check whether a command succeeded, test `ok == true` (or the exit code) — **not** `code == 0`. Unlike raw OpenAPI responses (`{"code": 0, "msg": "ok", ...}`), the success envelope carries no `code` or `msg` field; `code` appears only inside `error` as the upstream OpenAPI code. See [errs/ERROR_CONTRACT.md](errs/ERROR_CONTRACT.md) for the full error taxonomy.
-
 ### Pagination
 
 ```bash

README.zh.md

@@ -234,24 +234,6 @@ lark-cli api POST /open-apis/im/v1/messages --params '{"receive_id_type":"chat_i
 --format csv       # 逗号分隔值
 ```
 
-### JSON 输出契约
-
-`--format json`（默认）下，成功与错误的信封结构不同。
-
-成功信封写入 **stdout**，退出码 0：
-
-```json
-{ "ok": true, "identity": "user", "data": { "guid": "..." }, "meta": { "count": 1 } }
-```
-
-错误信封写入 **stderr**，退出码非 0：
-
-```json
-{ "ok": false, "identity": "user", "error": { "type": "api", "subtype": "...", "code": 99991679, "message": "...", "hint": "..." } }
-```
-
-判断命令是否成功，请检查 `ok == true`（或进程退出码），**不要用 `code == 0`**。与原始 OpenAPI 响应（`{"code": 0, "msg": "ok", ...}`）不同，成功信封没有 `code` 和 `msg` 字段；`code` 只出现在错误信封的 `error` 内，含义是上游 OpenAPI 的 numeric code。完整错误分类见 [errs/ERROR_CONTRACT.md](errs/ERROR_CONTRACT.md)。
-
 ### 分页
 
 ```bash

cmd/api/api_test.go

@@ -20,28 +20,13 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
-func newTestApiCmd(f *cmdutil.Factory, runF func(*APIOptions) error) *cobra.Command {
-	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, runF)
-	cmd.SilenceErrors = true
-	cmd.SilenceUsage = true
-	return cmd
-}
-
-func newTestRootCmd() *cobra.Command {
-	return &cobra.Command{
-		Use:           "lark-cli",
-		SilenceErrors: true,
-		SilenceUsage:  true,
-	}
-}
-
 func TestApiCmd_FlagParsing(t *testing.T) {
 	f, _, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, &core.CliConfig{
 		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
 	})
 
 	var gotOpts *APIOptions
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
 		gotOpts = opts
 		return nil
 	})
@@ -69,7 +54,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_DryRun(t *testing.T) {
 		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET", "/open-apis/test", "--as", "bot", "--dry-run"})
 	err := cmd.Execute()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -92,7 +77,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_NullParamsWithPageSize(t *testing.T) {
 		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET", "/open-apis/test", "--params", "null", "--page-size", "50", "--as", "bot", "--dry-run"})
 	if err := cmd.Execute(); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("--params null with --page-size should not error, got: %v", err)
@@ -113,7 +98,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_BotMode(t *testing.T) {
 		Body: map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "msg": "ok", "data": map[string]interface{}{"result": "success"}},
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET", "/open-apis/test", "--as", "bot"})
 	err := cmd.Execute()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -140,7 +125,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_MissingArgs(t *testing.T) {
 		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET"}) // missing path
 	err := cmd.Execute()
 	if err == nil {
@@ -153,7 +138,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_InvalidParamsJSON(t *testing.T) {
 		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET", "/open-apis/test", "--as", "bot", "--params", "{bad"})
 	err := cmd.Execute()
 	if err == nil {
@@ -166,7 +151,7 @@ func TestApiValidArgsFunction(t *testing.T) {
 		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	fn := cmd.ValidArgsFunction
 
 	tests := []struct {
@@ -232,7 +217,7 @@ func TestNewCmdApi_StrictModeHidesAsFlag(t *testing.T) {
 		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu, SupportedIdentities: 2,
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	flag := cmd.Flags().Lookup("as")
 	if flag == nil {
 		t.Fatal("expected --as flag to be registered")
@@ -251,7 +236,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_PageLimitDefault(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	var gotOpts *APIOptions
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
 		gotOpts = opts
 		return nil
 	})
@@ -270,7 +255,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_ParamsAndDataBothStdinConflict(t *testing.T) {
 		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"POST", "/open-apis/test", "--as", "bot", "--params", "-", "--data", "-"})
 	err := cmd.Execute()
 	if err == nil {
@@ -287,7 +272,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_OutputAndPageAllConflict(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	var gotOpts *APIOptions
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
 		gotOpts = opts
 		return apiRun(opts)
 	})
@@ -312,7 +297,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_BinaryResponse_AutoSave(t *testing.T) {
 		ContentType: "application/octet-stream",
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET", "/open-apis/drive/v1/files/xxx/download", "--as", "bot"})
 	err := cmd.Execute()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -343,7 +328,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_PageAll_NonBatchAPI_FallbackToJSON(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET", "/open-apis/contact/v3/users/u123", "--as", "bot", "--page-all", "--format", "ndjson"})
 	err := cmd.Execute()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -383,7 +368,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_PageAll_NonBatchAPI_ErrorStillOutputsJSON(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET", "/open-apis/im/v1/chats/oc_xxx/announcement", "--as", "bot", "--page-all"})
 	err := cmd.Execute()
 	// Should return an error
@@ -424,7 +409,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_PageAll_BatchAPI_StreamsItems(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET", "/open-apis/contact/v3/users", "--as", "bot", "--page-all", "--format", "ndjson"})
 	err := cmd.Execute()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -463,7 +448,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_PageAll_StreamBusinessErrorDoesNotDumpJSON(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET", "/open-apis/contact/v3/users", "--as", "bot", "--page-all", "--format", "ndjson"})
 	err := cmd.Execute()
 	if err == nil {
@@ -498,7 +483,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_PageAll_BatchAPI_DefaultJSONEnvelope(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET", "/open-apis/contact/v3/users", "--as", "bot", "--page-all"})
 	if err := cmd.Execute(); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
@@ -564,8 +549,8 @@ func TestApiCmd_PageAll_DefaultJSONRunsContentSafety(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 
-	root := newTestRootCmd()
-	root.AddCommand(newTestApiCmd(f, nil))
+	root := &cobra.Command{Use: "lark-cli"}
+	root.AddCommand(NewCmdApi(f, nil))
 	root.SetArgs([]string{"api", "GET", "/open-apis/contact/v3/users", "--as", "bot", "--page-all"})
 	if err := root.Execute(); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
@@ -615,8 +600,8 @@ func TestApiCmd_PageAll_StreamFormatRunsContentSafety(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 
-	root := newTestRootCmd()
-	root.AddCommand(newTestApiCmd(f, nil))
+	root := &cobra.Command{Use: "lark-cli"}
+	root.AddCommand(NewCmdApi(f, nil))
 	root.SetArgs([]string{"api", "GET", "/open-apis/contact/v3/users", "--as", "bot", "--page-all", "--format", "ndjson"})
 	if err := root.Execute(); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
@@ -671,8 +656,8 @@ func TestApiCmd_PageAll_StreamFormatBlockSkipsBlockedPage(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 
-	root := newTestRootCmd()
-	root.AddCommand(newTestApiCmd(f, nil))
+	root := &cobra.Command{Use: "lark-cli"}
+	root.AddCommand(NewCmdApi(f, nil))
 	root.SetArgs([]string{"api", "GET", "/open-apis/contact/v3/users", "--as", "bot", "--page-all", "--format", "ndjson"})
 	err := root.Execute()
 	if err == nil {
@@ -736,7 +721,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_JqFlag_Parsing(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	var gotOpts *APIOptions
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
 		gotOpts = opts
 		return nil
 	})
@@ -756,7 +741,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_JqFlag_ShortForm(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	var gotOpts *APIOptions
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
 		gotOpts = opts
 		return nil
 	})
@@ -775,7 +760,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_JqAndOutputConflict(t *testing.T) {
 		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
 		return apiRun(opts)
 	})
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET", "/open-apis/test", "--as", "bot", "--jq", ".data", "--output", "file.bin"})
@@ -806,7 +791,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_JqFilter_AppliesExpression(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET", "/open-apis/test/jq", "--as", "bot", "--jq", ".data.items[].name"})
 	err := cmd.Execute()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -827,7 +812,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_JqAndFormatConflict(t *testing.T) {
 		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
 		return apiRun(opts)
 	})
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET", "/open-apis/test", "--as", "bot", "--jq", ".data", "--format", "ndjson"})
@@ -845,7 +830,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_JqInvalidExpression(t *testing.T) {
 		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
 		return apiRun(opts)
 	})
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET", "/open-apis/test", "--as", "bot", "--jq", "invalid["})
@@ -874,7 +859,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_PageAll_WithJq(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET", "/open-apis/contact/v3/users", "--as", "bot", "--page-all", "--jq", ".data.items[].id"})
 	err := cmd.Execute()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -895,7 +880,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_MethodUppercase(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	var gotOpts *APIOptions
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
 		gotOpts = opts
 		return nil
 	})
@@ -914,7 +899,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_FileFlagParsing(t *testing.T) {
 		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
 	})
 	var gotOpts *APIOptions
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
 		gotOpts = opts
 		return nil
 	})
@@ -932,7 +917,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_FileAndOutputConflict(t *testing.T) {
 	f, _, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, &core.CliConfig{
 		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
 	})
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
 		return apiRun(opts)
 	})
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"POST", "/open-apis/test", "--as", "bot", "--file", "photo.jpg", "--output", "out.json"})
@@ -949,7 +934,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_FileWithGET(t *testing.T) {
 	f, _, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, &core.CliConfig{
 		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
 	})
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
 		return apiRun(opts)
 	})
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET", "/open-apis/test", "--as", "bot", "--file", "photo.jpg"})
@@ -966,7 +951,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_FileStdinConflictWithData(t *testing.T) {
 	f, _, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, &core.CliConfig{
 		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
 	})
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
 		return apiRun(opts)
 	})
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"POST", "/open-apis/test", "--as", "bot", "--file", "-", "--data", "-"})
@@ -989,7 +974,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_DryRunWithFile(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, &core.CliConfig{
 		AppID: "test-app", AppSecret: "test-secret", Brand: core.BrandFeishu,
 	})
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"POST", "/open-apis/im/v1/images", "--file", "image=" + tmpFile, "--data", `{"image_type":"message"}`, "--dry-run", "--as", "bot"})
 	err := cmd.Execute()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -1030,7 +1015,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_PermissionError_DerivesFirstClassFields(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, nil)
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, nil)
 	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"GET", "/open-apis/docx/v1/documents/test", "--as", "bot"})
 	err := cmd.Execute()
 	if err == nil {
@@ -1056,7 +1041,7 @@ func TestApiCmd_JsonFlag_Accepted(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	var gotOpts *APIOptions
-	cmd := newTestApiCmd(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
+	cmd := NewCmdApi(f, func(opts *APIOptions) error {
 		gotOpts = opts
 		return nil
 	})

cmd/root_integration_test.go

@@ -14,13 +14,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/cmd/api"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/cmd/auth"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/cmd/service"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/apicatalog"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/build"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/cmdutil"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/envvars"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/httpmock"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/meta"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/output"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/skillscheck"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/update"
@@ -105,11 +103,6 @@ func parseTypedEnvelope(t *testing.T, stderr *bytes.Buffer) typedErrorEnvelope {
 }
 
 func buildStrictModeIntegrationRootCmd(t *testing.T, f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
-	t.Helper()
-	return buildStrictModeIntegrationRootCmdWithCatalog(t, f, nil)
-}
-
-func buildStrictModeIntegrationRootCmdWithCatalog(t *testing.T, f *cmdutil.Factory, catalog *apicatalog.Catalog) *cobra.Command {
 	t.Helper()
 	rootCmd := &cobra.Command{Use: "lark-cli"}
 	rootCmd.SilenceErrors = true
@@ -120,11 +113,7 @@ func buildStrictModeIntegrationRootCmdWithCatalog(t *testing.T, f *cmdutil.Facto
 	}
 	rootCmd.AddCommand(auth.NewCmdAuth(f))
 	rootCmd.AddCommand(api.NewCmdApi(f, nil))
-	if catalog != nil {
-		service.RegisterServiceCommandsFromCatalog(context.Background(), rootCmd, f, *catalog)
-	} else {
-		service.RegisterServiceCommands(rootCmd, f)
-	}
+	service.RegisterServiceCommands(rootCmd, f)
 	shortcuts.RegisterShortcuts(rootCmd, f)
 	if mode := f.ResolveStrictMode(context.Background()); mode.IsActive() {
 		pruneForStrictMode(rootCmd, mode)
@@ -132,29 +121,6 @@ func buildStrictModeIntegrationRootCmdWithCatalog(t *testing.T, f *cmdutil.Facto
 	return rootCmd
 }
 
-func strictModeFixtureCatalog() apicatalog.Catalog {
-	return apicatalog.New(apicatalog.SourceEmbedded, []meta.Service{
-		{
-			Name:        "fixture",
-			ServicePath: "/open-apis/fixture/v1",
-			Resources: map[string]meta.Resource{
-				"things": {
-					Methods: map[string]meta.Method{
-						"create": {
-							Path:         "things",
-							HTTPMethod:   "POST",
-							AccessTokens: []meta.Token{meta.TokenTenant},
-							RequestBody: map[string]meta.Field{
-								"name": {Type: "string"},
-							},
-						},
-					},
-				},
-			},
-		},
-	})
-}
-
 func newStrictModeDefaultFactory(t *testing.T, profile string, mode core.StrictMode) (*cmdutil.Factory, *bytes.Buffer, *bytes.Buffer) {
 	t.Helper()
 	t.Setenv(envvars.CliAppID, "")
@@ -389,11 +355,10 @@ func TestIntegration_StrictModeBot_ProfileOverride_ServiceExplicitUserReturnsEnv
 
 func TestIntegration_StrictModeUser_ProfileOverride_ServiceBotOnlyMethodReturnsEnvelope(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, stderr := newStrictModeDefaultFactory(t, "target", core.StrictModeUser)
-	catalog := strictModeFixtureCatalog()
-	rootCmd := buildStrictModeIntegrationRootCmdWithCatalog(t, f, &catalog)
+	rootCmd := buildStrictModeIntegrationRootCmd(t, f)
 
 	code := executeRootIntegration(t, f, rootCmd, []string{
-		"fixture", "things", "create", "--data", `{"name":"probe"}`, "--dry-run",
+		"im", "images", "create", "--data", `{"image_type":"message","image":"x"}`, "--dry-run",
 	})
 
 	if code != output.ExitValidation {

cmd/schema/schema.go

@@ -65,13 +65,13 @@ func NewCmdSchema(f *cmdutil.Factory, runF func(*SchemaOptions) error) *cobra.Co
 	return cmd
 }
 
-// completeSchemaPath is a thin adapter over the schema catalog's Complete.
-// It uses the same source as schema execution so completion candidates match
-// what `schema` can resolve.
+// completeSchemaPath is a thin adapter over the embedded catalog's Complete.
+// It uses the embedded source so completion candidates match what `schema`
+// execution can resolve (both overlay-free).
 func completeSchemaPath(f *cmdutil.Factory) func(*cobra.Command, []string, string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
 	return func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
 		mode := f.ResolveStrictMode(cmd.Context())
-		completions, noSpace := registry.SchemaCatalog().Complete(args, toComplete, registry.FilterForStrictMode(mode))
+		completions, noSpace := registry.EmbeddedCatalog().Complete(args, toComplete, registry.FilterForStrictMode(mode))
 		directive := cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
 		if noSpace {
 			directive |= cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace
@@ -86,19 +86,13 @@ func schemaRun(opts *SchemaOptions) error {
 	return runSchema(out, apicatalog.ParsePath(opts.Args), mode)
 }
 
-// runSchema resolves the path through the schema catalog and renders the
+// runSchema resolves the path through the embedded catalog and renders the
 // matching envelope(s). The catalog owns navigation (Resolve + MethodRefs) and
 // schema owns rendering (Envelope/Envelopes); this adapter only chooses the
 // output shape — a single resolved method renders as one envelope object,
 // anything broader as an array — and maps resolve failures to hints.
 func runSchema(out io.Writer, parts []string, mode core.StrictMode) error {
-	catalog := registry.SchemaCatalog()
-	if len(catalog.Services()) == 0 {
-		// No embedded metadata and the runtime fallback is empty too: offline
-		// with a cold cache, remote meta off, or an unwritable cache dir.
-		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeFailedPrecondition, "No API metadata available").
-			WithHint("this binary has no embedded API metadata; run any command with network access to the open platform once so metadata can be fetched and cached")
-	}
+	catalog := registry.EmbeddedCatalog()
 	target, err := catalog.Resolve(parts)
 	if err != nil {
 		return resolveError(err)

cmd/update/update.go

@@ -102,8 +102,7 @@ func NewCmdUpdate(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 		Long: `Update lark-cli to the latest version.
 
 Detects the installation method automatically:
-  - npm install:  runs npm install -g @larksuite/cli@<version>
-  - pnpm install: runs pnpm add -g @larksuite/cli@<version>
+  - npm install: runs npm install -g @larksuite/cli@<version>
   - manual/other: shows GitHub Releases download URL
 
 Use --json for structured output (for AI agents and scripts).
@@ -165,7 +164,7 @@ func updateRun(opts *UpdateOptions) error {
 	if !detect.CanAutoUpdate() {
 		return doManualUpdate(opts, io, cur, latest, detect, updater)
 	}
-	return doAutoUpdate(opts, io, cur, latest, detect, updater)
+	return doNpmUpdate(opts, io, cur, latest, updater)
 }
 
 // --- Output helpers ---
@@ -227,23 +226,12 @@ func doManualUpdate(opts *UpdateOptions, io *cmdutil.IOStreams, cur, latest stri
 	fmt.Fprintf(io.ErrOut, "To update manually, download the latest release:\n")
 	fmt.Fprintf(io.ErrOut, "  Release:   %s\n", releaseURL(latest))
 	fmt.Fprintf(io.ErrOut, "  Changelog: %s\n", changelogURL())
-	if detect.Method == selfupdate.InstallPnpm {
-		fmt.Fprintf(io.ErrOut, "\nOr install via pnpm (note: skills will not be synced):\n  pnpm add -g %s@%s\n  pnpm dlx skills add larksuite/cli -y -g   # sync skills separately\n", selfupdate.NpmPackage, latest)
-	} else {
-		fmt.Fprintf(io.ErrOut, "\nOr install via npm (note: skills will not be synced):\n  npm install -g %s@%s\n  npx skills add larksuite/cli -y -g   # sync skills separately\n", selfupdate.NpmPackage, latest)
-	}
+	fmt.Fprintf(io.ErrOut, "\nOr install via npm (note: skills will not be synced):\n  npm install -g %s@%s\n  npx skills add larksuite/cli -y -g   # sync skills separately\n", selfupdate.NpmPackage, latest)
 	emitSkillsTextHints(io, skillsResult)
 	return nil
 }
 
-func doAutoUpdate(opts *UpdateOptions, io *cmdutil.IOStreams, cur, latest string, detect selfupdate.DetectResult, updater *selfupdate.Updater) error {
-	pm := "npm"
-	install := updater.RunNpmInstall
-	if detect.Method == selfupdate.InstallPnpm {
-		pm = "pnpm"
-		install = updater.RunPnpmInstall
-	}
-
+func doNpmUpdate(opts *UpdateOptions, io *cmdutil.IOStreams, cur, latest string, updater *selfupdate.Updater) error {
 	restore, err := updater.PrepareSelfReplace()
 	if err != nil {
 		return reportError(opts, io, "update_error",
@@ -251,19 +239,19 @@ func doAutoUpdate(opts *UpdateOptions, io *cmdutil.IOStreams, cur, latest string
 	}
 
 	if !opts.JSON {
-		fmt.Fprintf(io.ErrOut, "Updating lark-cli %s %s %s via %s ...\n", cur, symArrow(), latest, pm)
+		fmt.Fprintf(io.ErrOut, "Updating lark-cli %s %s %s via npm ...\n", cur, symArrow(), latest)
 	}
 
-	npmResult := install(latest)
+	npmResult := updater.RunNpmInstall(latest)
 	if npmResult.Err != nil {
 		restore()
 		combined := npmResult.CombinedOutput()
 		if opts.JSON {
 			output.PrintJson(io.Out, map[string]interface{}{
 				"ok": false, "error": map[string]interface{}{
-					"type": "update_error", "message": fmt.Sprintf("%s install failed: %s", pm, npmResult.Err),
+					"type": "update_error", "message": fmt.Sprintf("npm install failed: %s", npmResult.Err),
 					"detail": selfupdate.Truncate(combined, maxNpmOutput),
-					"hint":   permissionHint(combined, pm),
+					"hint":   permissionHint(combined),
 				},
 			})
 			return output.ErrBare(output.ExitAPI)
@@ -275,7 +263,7 @@ func doAutoUpdate(opts *UpdateOptions, io *cmdutil.IOStreams, cur, latest string
 			fmt.Fprint(io.ErrOut, npmResult.Stderr.String())
 		}
 		fmt.Fprintf(io.ErrOut, "\n%s Update failed: %s\n", symFail(), npmResult.Err)
-		if hint := permissionHint(combined, pm); hint != "" {
+		if hint := permissionHint(combined); hint != "" {
 			fmt.Fprintf(io.ErrOut, "  %s\n", hint)
 		}
 		return output.ErrBare(output.ExitAPI)
@@ -286,7 +274,7 @@ func doAutoUpdate(opts *UpdateOptions, io *cmdutil.IOStreams, cur, latest string
 	if err := updater.VerifyBinary(latest); err != nil {
 		restore()
 		msg := fmt.Sprintf("new binary verification failed: %s", err)
-		hint := verificationFailureHint(updater, latest, pm)
+		hint := verificationFailureHint(updater, latest)
 		if opts.JSON {
 			output.PrintJson(io.Out, map[string]interface{}{
 				"ok":    false,
@@ -316,33 +304,23 @@ func doAutoUpdate(opts *UpdateOptions, io *cmdutil.IOStreams, cur, latest string
 	fmt.Fprintf(io.ErrOut, "\n%s Successfully updated lark-cli from %s to %s\n", symOK(), cur, latest)
 	fmt.Fprintf(io.ErrOut, "  Changelog: %s\n", changelogURL())
 	if skillsResult != nil {
-		skillsPM := "npx"
-		if detect.Method == selfupdate.InstallPnpm && detect.PnpmAvailable {
-			skillsPM = "pnpm dlx"
-		}
-		fmt.Fprintf(io.ErrOut, "\nUpdating skills via %s ...\n", skillsPM)
+		fmt.Fprintf(io.ErrOut, "\nUpdating skills ...\n")
 	}
 	emitSkillsTextHints(io, skillsResult)
 	return nil
 }
 
-func permissionHint(pmOutput, pm string) string {
-	if !strings.Contains(pmOutput, "EACCES") || isWindows() {
-		return ""
+func permissionHint(npmOutput string) string {
+	if strings.Contains(npmOutput, "EACCES") && !isWindows() {
+		return "Permission denied. Try: sudo lark-cli update, or adjust your npm global prefix: https://docs.npmjs.com/resolving-eacces-permissions-errors"
 	}
-	if pm == "pnpm" {
-		return "Permission denied. Ensure your pnpm global directory is writable — re-run `pnpm setup`, or see https://pnpm.io/pnpm-cli"
-	}
-	return "Permission denied. Try: sudo lark-cli update, or adjust your npm global prefix: https://docs.npmjs.com/resolving-eacces-permissions-errors"
+	return ""
 }
 
-func verificationFailureHint(updater *selfupdate.Updater, latest, pm string) string {
+func verificationFailureHint(updater *selfupdate.Updater, latest string) string {
 	if updater.CanRestorePreviousVersion() {
 		return "the previous version has been restored"
 	}
-	if pm == "pnpm" {
-		return fmt.Sprintf("automatic rollback is unavailable on this platform; reinstall manually (skills will not be synced): pnpm add -g %s@%s && pnpm dlx skills add larksuite/cli -y -g, or download %s", selfupdate.NpmPackage, latest, releaseURL(latest))
-	}
 	return fmt.Sprintf("automatic rollback is unavailable on this platform; reinstall manually (skills will not be synced): npm install -g %s@%s && npx skills add larksuite/cli -y -g, or download %s", selfupdate.NpmPackage, latest, releaseURL(latest))
 }
 

cmd/update/update_test.go

@@ -57,27 +57,6 @@ func mockDetectAndNpm(t *testing.T, result selfupdate.DetectResult, npmFn func(s
 	t.Cleanup(func() { newUpdater = origNew })
 }
 
-// mockDetectAndPnpm mirrors mockDetectAndNpm but wires the pnpm install path
-// and fails the test if the npm install path is invoked.
-func mockDetectAndPnpm(t *testing.T, result selfupdate.DetectResult, pnpmFn func(string) *selfupdate.NpmResult) {
-	t.Helper()
-	origNew := newUpdater
-	newUpdater = func() *selfupdate.Updater {
-		u := selfupdate.New()
-		u.DetectOverride = func() selfupdate.DetectResult { return result }
-		u.PnpmInstallOverride = pnpmFn
-		u.NpmInstallOverride = func(string) *selfupdate.NpmResult {
-			t.Errorf("npm install must not be called for a pnpm install")
-			return &selfupdate.NpmResult{}
-		}
-		u.VerifyOverride = func(string) error { return nil }
-		u.SkillsIndexFetchOverride = successfulSkillsIndexFetch()
-		u.SkillsCommandOverride = successfulSkillsCommand()
-		return u
-	}
-	t.Cleanup(func() { newUpdater = origNew })
-}
-
 func successfulSkillsIndexFetch() func() *selfupdate.NpmResult {
 	return func() *selfupdate.NpmResult {
 		r := &selfupdate.NpmResult{}
@@ -102,110 +81,6 @@ func successfulSkillsCommand() func(args ...string) *selfupdate.NpmResult {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestUpdatePnpm_JSON(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
-	f, stdout, _ := newTestFactory(t)
-	cmd := NewCmdUpdate(f)
-	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"--json"})
-	origFetch := fetchLatest
-	fetchLatest = func() (string, error) { return "2.0.0", nil }
-	defer func() { fetchLatest = origFetch }()
-	origVersion := currentVersion
-	currentVersion = func() string { return "1.0.0" }
-	defer func() { currentVersion = origVersion }()
-	mockDetectAndPnpm(t,
-		selfupdate.DetectResult{Method: selfupdate.InstallPnpm, ResolvedPath: "/x/node_modules/.pnpm/@larksuite+cli@1.0.0/node_modules/@larksuite/cli/bin/lark-cli", PnpmAvailable: true},
-		func(string) *selfupdate.NpmResult { return &selfupdate.NpmResult{} },
-	)
-	if err := cmd.Execute(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-	if out := stdout.String(); !strings.Contains(out, `"action": "updated"`) {
-		t.Errorf("expected updated in output, got: %s", out)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestUpdatePnpm_Human(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
-	f, _, stderr := newTestFactory(t)
-	cmd := NewCmdUpdate(f)
-	cmd.SetArgs([]string{})
-	origFetch := fetchLatest
-	fetchLatest = func() (string, error) { return "2.0.0", nil }
-	defer func() { fetchLatest = origFetch }()
-	origVersion := currentVersion
-	currentVersion = func() string { return "1.0.0" }
-	defer func() { currentVersion = origVersion }()
-	mockDetectAndPnpm(t,
-		selfupdate.DetectResult{Method: selfupdate.InstallPnpm, ResolvedPath: "/x/node_modules/.pnpm/@larksuite+cli@1.0.0/node_modules/@larksuite/cli/bin/lark-cli", PnpmAvailable: true},
-		func(string) *selfupdate.NpmResult { return &selfupdate.NpmResult{} },
-	)
-	if err := cmd.Execute(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-	out := stderr.String()
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "via pnpm") {
-		t.Errorf("expected 'via pnpm' in stderr, got: %s", out)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "Updating skills via pnpm dlx ...") {
-		t.Errorf("expected skills sync to report pnpm dlx launcher, got: %s", out)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "Successfully updated") {
-		t.Errorf("expected success message, got: %s", out)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestUpdatePnpm_InstallError_JSON(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
-	f, stdout, _ := newTestFactory(t)
-	cmd := NewCmdUpdate(f)
-	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"--json"})
-	origFetch := fetchLatest
-	fetchLatest = func() (string, error) { return "2.0.0", nil }
-	defer func() { fetchLatest = origFetch }()
-	origVersion := currentVersion
-	currentVersion = func() string { return "1.0.0" }
-	defer func() { currentVersion = origVersion }()
-	mockDetectAndPnpm(t,
-		selfupdate.DetectResult{Method: selfupdate.InstallPnpm, ResolvedPath: "/x/node_modules/.pnpm/@larksuite+cli@1.0.0/node_modules/@larksuite/cli/bin/lark-cli", PnpmAvailable: true},
-		func(string) *selfupdate.NpmResult { return &selfupdate.NpmResult{Err: errors.New("pnpm boom")} },
-	)
-	err := cmd.Execute()
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected error exit")
-	}
-	if out := stdout.String(); !strings.Contains(out, `"ok": false`) || !strings.Contains(out, "update_error") {
-		t.Errorf("expected failure envelope, got: %s", out)
-	}
-	if out := stdout.String(); !strings.Contains(out, "pnpm install failed") {
-		t.Errorf("expected message to report pnpm as the package manager, got: %s", out)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestUpdatePnpm_Unavailable_ManualFallback(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
-	f, _, stderr := newTestFactory(t)
-	cmd := NewCmdUpdate(f)
-	cmd.SetArgs([]string{})
-	origFetch := fetchLatest
-	fetchLatest = func() (string, error) { return "2.0.0", nil }
-	defer func() { fetchLatest = origFetch }()
-	origVersion := currentVersion
-	currentVersion = func() string { return "1.0.0" }
-	defer func() { currentVersion = origVersion }()
-	mockDetect(t, selfupdate.DetectResult{Method: selfupdate.InstallPnpm, ResolvedPath: "/x/node_modules/.pnpm/@larksuite+cli@1.0.0/node_modules/@larksuite/cli/bin/lark-cli", PnpmAvailable: false})
-	if err := cmd.Execute(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-	out := stderr.String()
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "installed via pnpm, but pnpm is not available in PATH") {
-		t.Errorf("expected pnpm manual reason, got: %s", out)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "pnpm add -g") {
-		t.Errorf("expected pnpm add -g hint, got: %s", out)
-	}
-}
-
 func TestNormalizeVersion(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		input string
@@ -391,9 +266,6 @@ func TestUpdateNpm_Human(t *testing.T) {
 	if !strings.Contains(out, "Successfully updated") {
 		t.Errorf("expected success message in stderr, got: %s", out)
 	}
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "Updating skills via npx ...") {
-		t.Errorf("expected skills sync to report npx launcher for npm install, got: %s", out)
-	}
 }
 
 func TestUpdateForce_JSON(t *testing.T) {
@@ -867,9 +739,9 @@ func TestPermissionHint(t *testing.T) {
 	origOS := currentOS
 	defer func() { currentOS = origOS }()
 
-	// Linux + npm: EACCES should produce a hint with npm prefix guidance.
+	// Linux: EACCES should produce a hint with npm prefix guidance.
 	currentOS = "linux"
-	hint := permissionHint("EACCES: permission denied, access '/usr/local/lib'", "npm")
+	hint := permissionHint("EACCES: permission denied, access '/usr/local/lib'")
 	if !strings.Contains(hint, "npm global prefix") {
 		t.Errorf("expected npm prefix hint on linux, got: %s", hint)
 	}
@@ -877,25 +749,16 @@ func TestPermissionHint(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("should not suggest raw sudo npm install, got: %s", hint)
 	}
 
-	// Linux + pnpm: EACCES should point at pnpm setup, not npm prefix/sudo.
-	pnpmHint := permissionHint("EACCES: permission denied, access '/Users/x/Library/pnpm'", "pnpm")
-	if !strings.Contains(pnpmHint, "pnpm setup") {
-		t.Errorf("expected pnpm setup hint, got: %s", pnpmHint)
-	}
-	if strings.Contains(pnpmHint, "npm global prefix") || strings.Contains(pnpmHint, "sudo") {
-		t.Errorf("pnpm hint must not reference npm prefix or sudo, got: %s", pnpmHint)
-	}
-
 	// Windows: EACCES hint is suppressed (no EACCES on Windows).
 	currentOS = "windows"
-	hint = permissionHint("EACCES: permission denied", "npm")
+	hint = permissionHint("EACCES: permission denied")
 	if hint != "" {
 		t.Errorf("expected empty hint on Windows, got: %s", hint)
 	}
 
 	// Non-EACCES error: always empty.
 	currentOS = "linux"
-	if got := permissionHint("some other error", "npm"); got != "" {
+	if got := permissionHint("some other error"); got != "" {
 		t.Errorf("expected empty hint for non-EACCES, got: %s", got)
 	}
 }

errs/ERROR_CONTRACT.md

@@ -72,28 +72,6 @@ other category. `error.type` is `"policy"`, `error.subtype` is one of
 `challenge_required` / `access_denied`, and process exit is `6` via
 `CategoryPolicy`.
 
-### Success envelope (stdout)
-
-For contrast: success responses render to **stdout** as an
-`output.Envelope` (`internal/output/envelope.go`), exit code `0`:
-
-```json
-{
-  "ok": true,
-  "identity": "user",
-  "data": { "guid": "e297d3d0-..." },
-  "meta": { "count": 1 }
-}
-```
-
-Consumers must branch on `ok` (or the process exit code). The success
-envelope has **no top-level `code` or `msg` field** — `code` exists only
-inside `error`, where it is the upstream numeric code (invariant 4).
-Wrappers that follow the raw OpenAPI convention and test `code == 0`
-will misclassify every successful call as a failure, which is
-especially dangerous around write commands (e.g. retrying a create that
-already succeeded).
-
 ## Categories
 
 | Category | When | Exit | Typed struct |

internal/affordance/affordance.go

@@ -77,10 +77,14 @@ func loadService(service string) map[string]json.RawMessage {
 // space→dot fallback covers domains where the two already coincide.
 func commandFormResolver(service string) func(string) string {
 	byForm := map[string]string{}
-	if svc, ok := registry.SchemaCatalog().Service(service); ok {
+	for _, svc := range registry.EmbeddedServicesTyped() {
+		if svc.Name != service {
+			continue
+		}
 		for _, ref := range apicatalog.ServiceMethods(svc, nil) {
 			byForm[strings.Join(ref.CommandPath()[1:], " ")] = ref.Method.ID
 		}
+		break
 	}
 	return func(h string) string {
 		h = strings.TrimSpace(h)

internal/cmdutil/secheader.go

@@ -6,10 +6,12 @@ package cmdutil
 import (
 	"context"
 	"net/http"
+	"os"
 	"reflect"
 	"runtime/debug"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
+	"unicode"
 
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/extension/credential"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/extension/fileio"
@@ -38,6 +40,8 @@ const (
 	BuildKindUnknown  = "unknown"
 
 	officialModulePath = "github.com/larksuite/cli"
+
+	agentTraceMaxLen = 1024
 )
 
 // UserAgentValue returns the User-Agent value: "lark-cli/{version}".
@@ -45,6 +49,25 @@ func UserAgentValue() string {
 	return SourceValue + "/" + build.Version
 }
 
+// AgentTraceValue returns a header-safe value from the
+// LARKSUITE_CLI_AGENT_TRACE environment variable. It trims
+// surrounding whitespace, rejects values containing any Unicode
+// control character or exceeding agentTraceMaxLen, and returns ""
+// for any invalid or empty value. Callers can use the result
+// directly in HTTP headers without further sanitisation.
+func AgentTraceValue() string {
+	v := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv(envvars.CliAgentTrace))
+	if v == "" || len(v) > agentTraceMaxLen {
+		return ""
+	}
+	for _, r := range v {
+		if unicode.IsControl(r) {
+			return ""
+		}
+	}
+	return v
+}
+
 // BaseSecurityHeaders returns headers that every request must carry.
 func BaseSecurityHeaders() http.Header {
 	h := make(http.Header)
@@ -52,7 +75,7 @@ func BaseSecurityHeaders() http.Header {
 	h.Set(HeaderVersion, build.Version)
 	h.Set(HeaderBuild, DetectBuildKind())
 	h.Set(HeaderUserAgent, UserAgentValue())
-	if v := envvars.AgentTrace(); v != "" {
+	if v := AgentTraceValue(); v != "" {
 		h.Set(HeaderAgentTrace, v)
 	}
 	return h

internal/cmdutil/secheader_test.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ package cmdutil
 import (
 	"context"
 	"net/http"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/extension/credential"
@@ -263,9 +264,88 @@ func TestBaseSecurityHeaders_AllRequiredHeaders(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// HeaderAgentTrace injection (via BaseSecurityHeaders)
+// AgentTraceValue / HeaderAgentTrace
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+func TestAgentTraceValue_EmptyWhenEnvUnset(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliAgentTrace, "")
+	if got := AgentTraceValue(); got != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("AgentTraceValue() = %q, want empty when env unset", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAgentTraceValue_ReturnsCleanValue(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliAgentTrace, "trace-abc-123")
+	if got := AgentTraceValue(); got != "trace-abc-123" {
+		t.Fatalf("AgentTraceValue() = %q, want %q", got, "trace-abc-123")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAgentTraceValue_TrimsWhitespace(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliAgentTrace, "  trace-trim  ")
+	if got := AgentTraceValue(); got != "trace-trim" {
+		t.Fatalf("AgentTraceValue() = %q, want %q (whitespace trimmed)", got, "trace-trim")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAgentTraceValue_OnlyWhitespace_ReturnsEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliAgentTrace, "   ")
+	if got := AgentTraceValue(); got != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("AgentTraceValue() = %q, want empty for whitespace-only value", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAgentTraceValue_RejectsCRLF(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliAgentTrace, "val\r\nX-Evil: attack")
+	if got := AgentTraceValue(); got != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("AgentTraceValue() = %q, want empty for CR/LF value", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAgentTraceValue_RejectsLF(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliAgentTrace, "val\nX-Evil: attack")
+	if got := AgentTraceValue(); got != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("AgentTraceValue() = %q, want empty for LF value", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAgentTraceValue_RejectsTab(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliAgentTrace, "val\tinjected")
+	if got := AgentTraceValue(); got != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("AgentTraceValue() = %q, want empty for tab value", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAgentTraceValue_RejectsControlChar(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliAgentTrace, "val\x01injected")
+	if got := AgentTraceValue(); got != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("AgentTraceValue() = %q, want empty for control char value", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAgentTraceValue_RejectsDEL(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliAgentTrace, "val\x7finjected")
+	if got := AgentTraceValue(); got != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("AgentTraceValue() = %q, want empty for DEL value", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAgentTraceValue_RejectsOverlongValue(t *testing.T) {
+	longVal := strings.Repeat("a", agentTraceMaxLen+1)
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliAgentTrace, longVal)
+	if got := AgentTraceValue(); got != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("AgentTraceValue() returned non-empty for %d-byte value (max %d)", len(longVal), agentTraceMaxLen)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAgentTraceValue_AcceptsMaxLengthValue(t *testing.T) {
+	val := strings.Repeat("a", agentTraceMaxLen)
+	t.Setenv(envvars.CliAgentTrace, val)
+	if got := AgentTraceValue(); got != val {
+		t.Fatalf("AgentTraceValue() = %q, want %d-byte value accepted", got, agentTraceMaxLen)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestBaseSecurityHeaders_NoAgentTraceHeaderWhenEnvUnset(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Setenv(envvars.CliAgentTrace, "")
 	h := BaseSecurityHeaders()

internal/envvars/envvars.go

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ const (
 	// Content safety scanning mode
 	CliContentSafetyMode = "LARKSUITE_CLI_CONTENT_SAFETY_MODE"
 
-	CliAgentName  = "LARKSUITE_CLI_AGENT_NAME"
 	CliAgentTrace = "LARKSUITE_CLI_AGENT_TRACE"
 
 	CliProxyEnable  = "LARKSUITE_CLI_PROXY_ENABLE"

internal/envvars/read.go

@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package envvars
-
-import (
-	"os"
-	"strings"
-	"unicode"
-)
-
-const (
-	agentNameMaxLen  = 128
-	agentTraceMaxLen = 1024
-)
-
-func AgentName() string {
-	return sanitizeSingleLine(os.Getenv(CliAgentName), agentNameMaxLen)
-}
-
-func AgentTrace() string {
-	return sanitizeSingleLine(os.Getenv(CliAgentTrace), agentTraceMaxLen)
-}
-
-func sanitizeSingleLine(raw string, maxLen int) string {
-	v := strings.TrimSpace(raw)
-	if v == "" || len(v) > maxLen {
-		return ""
-	}
-	for _, r := range v {
-		if unicode.IsControl(r) {
-			return ""
-		}
-	}
-	return v
-}

internal/envvars/read_test.go

@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package envvars
-
-import (
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-func TestAgentName_EmptyWhenEnvUnset(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv(CliAgentName, "")
-	if got := AgentName(); got != "" {
-		t.Fatalf("AgentName() = %q, want empty when env unset", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAgentName_ReturnsCleanValue(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv(CliAgentName, "claude-code")
-	if got := AgentName(); got != "claude-code" {
-		t.Fatalf("AgentName() = %q, want %q", got, "claude-code")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAgentName_TrimsWhitespace(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv(CliAgentName, "  cursor  ")
-	if got := AgentName(); got != "cursor" {
-		t.Fatalf("AgentName() = %q, want %q (whitespace trimmed)", got, "cursor")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAgentName_RejectsCRLFInjection(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv(CliAgentName, "agent\r\nX-Evil: attack")
-	if got := AgentName(); got != "" {
-		t.Fatalf("AgentName() = %q, want empty for CR/LF value", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAgentName_RejectsControlChar(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv(CliAgentName, "agent\x01injected")
-	if got := AgentName(); got != "" {
-		t.Fatalf("AgentName() = %q, want empty for control char value", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAgentName_RejectsOverlongValue(t *testing.T) {
-	longVal := strings.Repeat("a", agentNameMaxLen+1)
-	t.Setenv(CliAgentName, longVal)
-	if got := AgentName(); got != "" {
-		t.Fatalf("AgentName() returned non-empty for %d-byte value (max %d)", len(longVal), agentNameMaxLen)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAgentTrace_EmptyWhenEnvUnset(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv(CliAgentTrace, "")
-	if got := AgentTrace(); got != "" {
-		t.Fatalf("AgentTrace() = %q, want empty when env unset", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAgentTrace_ReturnsCleanValue(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv(CliAgentTrace, "trace-abc-123")
-	if got := AgentTrace(); got != "trace-abc-123" {
-		t.Fatalf("AgentTrace() = %q, want %q", got, "trace-abc-123")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAgentTrace_TrimsWhitespace(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv(CliAgentTrace, "  trace-trim  ")
-	if got := AgentTrace(); got != "trace-trim" {
-		t.Fatalf("AgentTrace() = %q, want %q (whitespace trimmed)", got, "trace-trim")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAgentTrace_OnlyWhitespace_ReturnsEmpty(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv(CliAgentTrace, "   ")
-	if got := AgentTrace(); got != "" {
-		t.Fatalf("AgentTrace() = %q, want empty for whitespace-only value", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAgentTrace_RejectsCRLF(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv(CliAgentTrace, "val\r\nX-Evil: attack")
-	if got := AgentTrace(); got != "" {
-		t.Fatalf("AgentTrace() = %q, want empty for CR/LF value", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAgentTrace_RejectsLF(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv(CliAgentTrace, "val\nX-Evil: attack")
-	if got := AgentTrace(); got != "" {
-		t.Fatalf("AgentTrace() = %q, want empty for LF value", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAgentTrace_RejectsTab(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv(CliAgentTrace, "val\tinjected")
-	if got := AgentTrace(); got != "" {
-		t.Fatalf("AgentTrace() = %q, want empty for tab value", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAgentTrace_RejectsControlChar(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv(CliAgentTrace, "val\x01injected")
-	if got := AgentTrace(); got != "" {
-		t.Fatalf("AgentTrace() = %q, want empty for control char value", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAgentTrace_RejectsDEL(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv(CliAgentTrace, "val\x7finjected")
-	if got := AgentTrace(); got != "" {
-		t.Fatalf("AgentTrace() = %q, want empty for DEL value", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAgentTrace_RejectsOverlongValue(t *testing.T) {
-	longVal := strings.Repeat("a", agentTraceMaxLen+1)
-	t.Setenv(CliAgentTrace, longVal)
-	if got := AgentTrace(); got != "" {
-		t.Fatalf("AgentTrace() returned non-empty for %d-byte value (max %d)", len(longVal), agentTraceMaxLen)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAgentTrace_AcceptsMaxLengthValue(t *testing.T) {
-	val := strings.Repeat("a", agentTraceMaxLen)
-	t.Setenv(CliAgentTrace, val)
-	if got := AgentTrace(); got != val {
-		t.Fatalf("AgentTrace() = %q, want %d-byte value accepted", got, agentTraceMaxLen)
-	}
-}

internal/errclass/codemeta_drive.go

@@ -10,22 +10,20 @@ import "github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
 // ambiguous codes fall back to CategoryAPI via BuildAPIError.
 // BuildAPIError consumes this map via mergeCodeMeta + LookupCodeMeta.
 var driveCodeMeta = map[int]CodeMeta{
-	1061001:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeServerError, Retryable: true}, // Drive "unknown error"
-	1061002:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // params error
-	1061004:   {Category: errs.CategoryAuthorization, Subtype: errs.SubtypePermissionDenied},   // forbidden
-	1061007:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeNotFound},                     // file has been deleted
-	1061043:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeQuotaExceeded},                // file size beyond limit
-	1061044:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeNotFound},                     // parent folder does not exist (upload)
-	1061101:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeQuotaExceeded},                // file quota exceeded
-	1062009:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // actual size inconsistent with declared size
-	1063001:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // secure label invalid parameter
-	1063002:   {Category: errs.CategoryAuthorization, Subtype: errs.SubtypePermissionDenied},   // secure label permission denied
-	1063013:   {Category: errs.CategoryValidation, Subtype: errs.SubtypeFailedPrecondition},    // secure label downgrade requires approval
-	1069302:   {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // comment endpoint "Invalid or missing parameters"
-	99992402:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // platform field validation failed
-	9499:      {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // invalid parameter type in JSON field
-	2200:      {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeServerError, Retryable: true}, // Drive tenant/internal errors
-	233523001: {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeServerError, Retryable: true}, // Drive/docs transient server error
+	1061001:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeServerError, Retryable: true}, // Drive "unknown error"
+	1061002:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // params error
+	1061004:  {Category: errs.CategoryAuthorization, Subtype: errs.SubtypePermissionDenied},   // forbidden
+	1061007:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeNotFound},                     // file has been deleted
+	1061043:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeQuotaExceeded},                // file size beyond limit
+	1061044:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeNotFound},                     // parent folder does not exist (upload)
+	1062009:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // actual size inconsistent with declared size
+	1063001:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // secure label invalid parameter
+	1063002:  {Category: errs.CategoryAuthorization, Subtype: errs.SubtypePermissionDenied},   // secure label permission denied
+	1063013:  {Category: errs.CategoryValidation, Subtype: errs.SubtypeFailedPrecondition},    // secure label downgrade requires approval
+	1069302:  {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // comment endpoint "Invalid or missing parameters"
+	99992402: {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // platform field validation failed
+	9499:     {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},            // invalid parameter type in JSON field
+	2200:     {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeServerError, Retryable: true}, // Drive tenant/internal errors
 }
 
 func init() { mergeCodeMeta(driveCodeMeta, "drive") }

internal/errclass/codemeta_test.go

@@ -114,35 +114,8 @@ func TestLookupCodeMeta_DrivePushCodes(t *testing.T) {
 		{1061004, errs.CategoryAuthorization, errs.SubtypePermissionDenied, false},
 		{1061007, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeNotFound, false},
 		{1061043, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeQuotaExceeded, false},
-		{1061101, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeQuotaExceeded, false},
 		{1062009, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters, false},
 		{2200, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeServerError, true},
-		{233523001, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeServerError, true},
-	}
-	for _, tc := range cases {
-		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%d", tc.code), func(t *testing.T) {
-			got, ok := LookupCodeMeta(tc.code)
-			if !ok {
-				t.Fatalf("LookupCodeMeta(%d) ok=false, want true", tc.code)
-			}
-			if got.Category != tc.wantCat || got.Subtype != tc.wantSubtype || got.Retryable != tc.wantRetry {
-				t.Fatalf("LookupCodeMeta(%d) = %+v, want Category=%v Subtype=%v Retryable=%v",
-					tc.code, got, tc.wantCat, tc.wantSubtype, tc.wantRetry)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestLookupCodeMeta_WikiCodes(t *testing.T) {
-	cases := []struct {
-		code        int
-		wantCat     errs.Category
-		wantSubtype errs.Subtype
-		wantRetry   bool
-	}{
-		{131002, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters, false},
-		{131005, errs.CategoryAPI, errs.SubtypeNotFound, false},
-		{131006, errs.CategoryAuthorization, errs.SubtypePermissionDenied, false},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range cases {
 		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%d", tc.code), func(t *testing.T) {

internal/errclass/codemeta_wiki.go

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package errclass
-
-import "github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
-
-// wikiCodeMeta holds wiki-service Lark code -> CodeMeta mappings observed from
-// wiki shortcut failure telemetry. Keep these to wiki-wide meanings only; add
-// command-specific recovery guidance at the shortcut layer.
-var wikiCodeMeta = map[int]CodeMeta{
-	131002: {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters},          // param err: space_id is not int / invalid page_token
-	131005: {Category: errs.CategoryAPI, Subtype: errs.SubtypeNotFound},                   // wiki node / space not found
-	131006: {Category: errs.CategoryAuthorization, Subtype: errs.SubtypePermissionDenied}, // wiki space/node read permission denied
-}
-
-func init() { mergeCodeMeta(wikiCodeMeta, "wiki") }

internal/registry/catalog.go

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ package registry
 import "github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/apicatalog"
 
 // EmbeddedCatalog returns a navigation catalog over the embedded (overlay-free)
-// metadata — deterministic across machines, for golden tests and schema lint.
+// metadata — deterministic across machines, for `lark-cli schema`, golden tests
+// and schema lint.
 func EmbeddedCatalog() apicatalog.Catalog {
 	return apicatalog.New(apicatalog.SourceEmbedded, EmbeddedServicesTyped())
 }
@@ -17,14 +18,3 @@ func EmbeddedCatalog() apicatalog.Catalog {
 func RuntimeCatalog() apicatalog.Catalog {
 	return apicatalog.New(apicatalog.SourceRuntime, ServicesTyped())
 }
-
-// SchemaCatalog returns the embedded catalog when metadata is compiled in,
-// otherwise the merged runtime catalog. Binaries built from the bare Go module
-// embed only the empty meta_data_default.json stub, so the embedded view has
-// nothing to resolve; the merged view is the only data such binaries have.
-func SchemaCatalog() apicatalog.Catalog {
-	if len(EmbeddedServicesTyped()) > 0 {
-		return EmbeddedCatalog()
-	}
-	return RuntimeCatalog()
-}

internal/registry/catalog_test.go

@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package registry
-
-import (
-	"net/http"
-	"net/http/httptest"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/apicatalog"
-)
-
-// swapEmbeddedMeta replaces the compiled-in metadata bytes for one test and
-// restores them (with a full state reset) on cleanup.
-func swapEmbeddedMeta(t *testing.T, data []byte) {
-	t.Helper()
-	resetInit()
-	orig := embeddedMetaJSON
-	embeddedMetaJSON = data
-	t.Cleanup(func() {
-		waitBackgroundRefresh()
-		embeddedMetaJSON = orig
-		resetInit()
-	})
-}
-
-func TestSchemaCatalog_EmbeddedWhenCompiledIn(t *testing.T) {
-	swapEmbeddedMeta(t, testCacheJSON("embedded_svc"))
-	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
-	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_REMOTE_META", "off")
-
-	c := SchemaCatalog()
-
-	if c.Source() != apicatalog.SourceEmbedded {
-		t.Fatalf("Source = %q, want %q", c.Source(), apicatalog.SourceEmbedded)
-	}
-	if _, ok := c.Service("embedded_svc"); !ok {
-		t.Fatal("expected embedded_svc from embedded metadata")
-	}
-}
-
-// TestSchemaCatalog_FallsBackToRuntimeWhenNoEmbedded simulates a binary built
-// from the bare Go module (plugin builds): only the empty meta_data_default.json
-// stub is compiled in, so SchemaCatalog must serve the merged runtime view that
-// Init seeds via sync fetch.
-func TestSchemaCatalog_FallsBackToRuntimeWhenNoEmbedded(t *testing.T) {
-	swapEmbeddedMeta(t, embeddedMetaDataDefaultJSON)
-	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
-	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_REMOTE_META", "on")
-
-	ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		w.WriteHeader(200)
-		w.Write(testEnvelopeJSON("remote_svc"))
-	}))
-	defer ts.Close()
-	testMetaURL = ts.URL
-
-	c := SchemaCatalog()
-
-	if c.Source() != apicatalog.SourceRuntime {
-		t.Fatalf("Source = %q, want %q", c.Source(), apicatalog.SourceRuntime)
-	}
-	if _, ok := c.Service("remote_svc"); !ok {
-		t.Fatal("expected remote_svc from runtime fallback")
-	}
-}

internal/registry/loader.go

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/meta"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/update"
 )
 
 //go:embed scope_priorities.json scope_overrides.json
@@ -86,9 +85,7 @@ func InitWithBrand(brand core.LarkBrand) {
 			brandChanged := metaErr == nil && cm.Brand != "" && cm.Brand != string(brand)
 
 			if !brandChanged {
-				// After a CLI upgrade the embedded data can be fresher than an old
-				// cache; an equal/older cache must not shadow it.
-				if cached, err := loadCachedMerged(); err == nil && update.IsNewer(cached.Version, embeddedVersion) {
+				if cached, err := loadCachedMerged(); err == nil {
 					overlayMergedServices(cached)
 				}
 			}

internal/registry/loader_test.go

@@ -1,102 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package registry
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"testing"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/core"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/meta"
-)
-
-// seedCache writes a cache file + cache meta for one service whose Title is
-// marker, tagged with the given top-level data version and brand.
-func seedCache(t *testing.T, dir, name, marker, version, brand string) {
-	t.Helper()
-	cDir := filepath.Join(dir, "cache")
-	if err := os.MkdirAll(cDir, 0700); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	reg := MergedRegistry{
-		Version:  version,
-		Services: []meta.Service{{Name: name, Version: "cache", Title: marker}},
-	}
-	data, _ := json.Marshal(reg)
-	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(cDir, "remote_meta.json"), data, 0644); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	cm := CacheMeta{LastCheckAt: time.Now().Unix(), Version: version, Brand: brand}
-	mData, _ := json.Marshal(cm)
-	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(cDir, "remote_meta.meta.json"), mData, 0644); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-}
-
-// initWithCache runs a fresh feishu-brand init with remote on, a high TTL and a
-// recent LastCheckAt (so no refresh fires), embedded meta at embeddedVer and a
-// pre-seeded cache at cacheVer — the overlay version gate is the only variable.
-func initWithCache(t *testing.T, embeddedVer, cacheVer string) {
-	t.Helper()
-	embedded, _ := json.Marshal(MergedRegistry{
-		Version:  embeddedVer,
-		Services: []meta.Service{{Name: "svc", Version: "embedded", Title: "EMBEDDED"}},
-	})
-	swapEmbeddedMeta(t, embedded)
-	tmp := t.TempDir()
-	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", tmp)
-	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_REMOTE_META", "on")
-	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_META_TTL", "3600")
-	seedCache(t, tmp, "svc", "CACHE", cacheVer, "feishu")
-	InitWithBrand(core.BrandFeishu)
-}
-
-func titleOf(t *testing.T, name string) string {
-	t.Helper()
-	svc, ok := ServiceTyped(name)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("service %q not loaded", name)
-	}
-	return svc.Title
-}
-
-func TestOverlayGate_EqualVersion_UsesEmbedded(t *testing.T) {
-	initWithCache(t, "1.0.0", "1.0.0")
-	if got := titleOf(t, "svc"); got != "EMBEDDED" {
-		t.Errorf("equal version: got %q, want EMBEDDED (cache must not overlay)", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestOverlayGate_OlderCache_UsesEmbedded(t *testing.T) {
-	initWithCache(t, "2.0.0", "1.0.0")
-	if got := titleOf(t, "svc"); got != "EMBEDDED" {
-		t.Errorf("older cache: got %q, want EMBEDDED", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestOverlayGate_NewerCache_OverlaysCache(t *testing.T) {
-	initWithCache(t, "1.0.0", "2.0.0")
-	if got := titleOf(t, "svc"); got != "CACHE" {
-		t.Errorf("newer cache: got %q, want CACHE", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestOverlayGate_UnparseableCacheVersion_UsesEmbedded(t *testing.T) {
-	initWithCache(t, "1.0.0", "not-a-semver")
-	if got := titleOf(t, "svc"); got != "EMBEDDED" {
-		t.Errorf("unparseable cache version: got %q, want EMBEDDED", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestOverlayGate_StubEmbedded_OverlaysRealCache(t *testing.T) {
-	// The bare-module stub baseline is "0.0.0"; a real cache version must win so
-	// plugin builds without compiled meta_data.json still get remote data.
-	initWithCache(t, "0.0.0", "1.0.0")
-	if got := titleOf(t, "svc"); got != "CACHE" {
-		t.Errorf("stub-embedded baseline: got %q, want CACHE", got)
-	}
-}

internal/registry/remote_test.go

@@ -72,11 +72,9 @@ func hasEmbeddedServices() bool {
 }
 
 // testRegistry returns a minimal MergedRegistry with one service.
-// The version is a real semver newer than the embedded stub baseline ("0.0.0")
-// so cache overlay passes the version gate in InitWithBrand.
 func testRegistry(name string) MergedRegistry {
 	return MergedRegistry{
-		Version: "1.0.0",
+		Version: "test-1.0",
 		Services: []meta.Service{
 			{
 				Name:        name,
@@ -162,7 +160,7 @@ func TestRemoteOff_SkipsRemoteLogic(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestCacheHit_WithinTTL(t *testing.T) {
-	swapEmbeddedMeta(t, nil) // overlay must depend only on the cache version, not the ambient embedded meta
+	resetInit()
 	tmp := t.TempDir()
 	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", tmp)
 	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_REMOTE_META", "on")
@@ -199,7 +197,7 @@ func TestCacheHit_WithinTTL(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestNetworkError_SilentDegradation(t *testing.T) {
-	swapEmbeddedMeta(t, nil) // overlay must depend only on the cache version, not the ambient embedded meta
+	resetInit()
 	tmp := t.TempDir()
 	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", tmp)
 	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_REMOTE_META", "on")
@@ -373,8 +371,8 @@ func TestFetchRemoteMerged_200(t *testing.T) {
 	if data == nil {
 		t.Fatal("expected non-nil data")
 	}
-	if reg.Version != "1.0.0" {
-		t.Errorf("expected version 1.0.0, got %s", reg.Version)
+	if reg.Version != "test-1.0" {
+		t.Errorf("expected version test-1.0, got %s", reg.Version)
 	}
 }
 

internal/selfupdate/updater.go

@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ type InstallMethod int
 
 const (
 	InstallNpm InstallMethod = iota
-	InstallPnpm
 	InstallManual
 )
 
@@ -54,32 +53,22 @@ var (
 
 // DetectResult holds installation detection results.
 type DetectResult struct {
-	Method        InstallMethod
-	ResolvedPath  string
-	NpmAvailable  bool
-	PnpmAvailable bool
+	Method       InstallMethod
+	ResolvedPath string
+	NpmAvailable bool
 }
 
 // CanAutoUpdate returns true if the CLI can update itself automatically.
 func (d DetectResult) CanAutoUpdate() bool {
-	switch d.Method {
-	case InstallNpm:
-		return d.NpmAvailable
-	case InstallPnpm:
-		return d.PnpmAvailable
-	}
-	return false
+	return d.Method == InstallNpm && d.NpmAvailable
 }
 
 // ManualReason returns a human-readable explanation of why auto-update is unavailable.
 func (d DetectResult) ManualReason() string {
-	switch {
-	case d.Method == InstallNpm && !d.NpmAvailable:
+	if d.Method == InstallNpm && !d.NpmAvailable {
 		return "installed via npm, but npm is not available in PATH"
-	case d.Method == InstallPnpm && !d.PnpmAvailable:
-		return "installed via pnpm, but pnpm is not available in PATH"
 	}
-	return "not installed via npm or pnpm"
+	return "not installed via npm"
 }
 
 // NpmResult holds the result of an npm install or skills update execution.
@@ -103,7 +92,6 @@ func (r *NpmResult) CombinedOutput() string {
 type Updater struct {
 	DetectOverride           func() DetectResult
 	NpmInstallOverride       func(version string) *NpmResult
-	PnpmInstallOverride      func(version string) *NpmResult
 	SkillsIndexFetchOverride func() *NpmResult
 	SkillsCommandOverride    func(args ...string) *NpmResult
 	VerifyOverride           func(expectedVersion string) error
@@ -113,38 +101,17 @@ type Updater struct {
 	// running binary is successfully renamed to .old. Used by
 	// CanRestorePreviousVersion to report whether rollback is possible.
 	backupCreated bool
-
-	// detectCache memoizes the first real DetectInstallMethod result. How this
-	// binary was installed cannot change during a single process, so caching is
-	// the correct semantics — and it is required for correctness: the update
-	// flow mutates the install (pnpm add -g / npm install -g) before syncing
-	// skills, so a re-detection at skills time could resolve a now-stale
-	// os.Executable path and misclassify. Seeded pre-update by the first call
-	// (updateRun), it keeps the post-update skills launcher consistent with the
-	// launcher reported to the user. Not goroutine-safe; the update flow is
-	// sequential.
-	detectCache *DetectResult
 }
 
 // New creates an Updater with default (real) behavior.
 func New() *Updater { return &Updater{} }
 
-// DetectInstallMethod determines how the CLI was installed and whether the
-// owning package manager is available for auto-update.
+// DetectInstallMethod determines how the CLI was installed and whether
+// npm is available for auto-update.
 func (u *Updater) DetectInstallMethod() DetectResult {
 	if u.DetectOverride != nil {
 		return u.DetectOverride()
 	}
-	if u.detectCache != nil {
-		return *u.detectCache
-	}
-	result := u.detectInstallMethod()
-	u.detectCache = &result
-	return result
-}
-
-// detectInstallMethod performs the real (uncached) detection.
-func (u *Updater) detectInstallMethod() DetectResult {
 	exe, err := vfs.Executable()
 	if err != nil {
 		return DetectResult{Method: InstallManual}
@@ -153,54 +120,24 @@ func (u *Updater) detectInstallMethod() DetectResult {
 	if err != nil {
 		return DetectResult{Method: InstallManual, ResolvedPath: exe}
 	}
-	_, npmErr := exec.LookPath("npm")
-	_, pnpmErr := exec.LookPath("pnpm")
-	return detectFromResolved(resolved, npmErr == nil, pnpmErr == nil)
-}
 
-// detectFromResolved classifies the resolved binary path into an install
-// method and records package-manager availability. Split out from
-// DetectInstallMethod so the classification is unit-testable without touching
-// the filesystem or PATH.
-func detectFromResolved(resolved string, npmOnPath, pnpmOnPath bool) DetectResult {
 	method := InstallManual
 	if strings.Contains(resolved, "node_modules") {
-		if containsPnpmMarker(resolved) {
-			method = InstallPnpm
-		} else {
-			method = InstallNpm
-		}
+		method = InstallNpm
 	}
-	d := DetectResult{Method: method, ResolvedPath: resolved}
-	switch method {
-	case InstallNpm:
-		d.NpmAvailable = npmOnPath
-	case InstallPnpm:
-		d.PnpmAvailable = pnpmOnPath
-	}
-	return d
-}
 
-// containsPnpmMarker reports whether the resolved binary path belongs to a
-// pnpm-managed install. pnpm exposes two layouts: the classic virtual store
-// (a ".pnpm" directory segment) and the global content-addressable store,
-// whose resolved path runs through pnpm's home directory (e.g.
-// "~/Library/pnpm/store/v11/links/...") — a "pnpm" segment immediately
-// followed by "store". Matching only these two shapes (rather than any bare
-// "pnpm" segment) avoids misclassifying an npm install that merely lives under
-// a directory named "pnpm". Windows separators are normalized to "/" so the
-// classification is OS-independent and unit-testable anywhere.
-func containsPnpmMarker(p string) bool {
-	parts := strings.Split(strings.ReplaceAll(p, `\`, "/"), "/")
-	for i, part := range parts {
-		if part == ".pnpm" {
-			return true
-		}
-		if part == "pnpm" && i+1 < len(parts) && parts[i+1] == "store" {
-			return true
+	npmAvailable := false
+	if method == InstallNpm {
+		if _, err := exec.LookPath("npm"); err == nil {
+			npmAvailable = true
 		}
 	}
-	return false
+
+	return DetectResult{
+		Method:       method,
+		ResolvedPath: resolved,
+		NpmAvailable: npmAvailable,
+	}
 }
 
 // RunNpmInstall executes npm install -g @larksuite/cli@<version>.
@@ -226,29 +163,6 @@ func (u *Updater) RunNpmInstall(version string) *NpmResult {
 	return r
 }
 
-// RunPnpmInstall executes pnpm add -g @larksuite/cli@<version>.
-func (u *Updater) RunPnpmInstall(version string) *NpmResult {
-	if u.PnpmInstallOverride != nil {
-		return u.PnpmInstallOverride(version)
-	}
-	r := &NpmResult{}
-	pnpmPath, err := exec.LookPath("pnpm")
-	if err != nil {
-		r.Err = fmt.Errorf("pnpm not found in PATH: %w", err)
-		return r
-	}
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), npmInstallTimeout)
-	defer cancel()
-	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, pnpmPath, "add", "-g", NpmPackage+"@"+version)
-	cmd.Stdout = &r.Stdout
-	cmd.Stderr = &r.Stderr
-	r.Err = cmd.Run()
-	if ctx.Err() == context.DeadlineExceeded {
-		r.Err = fmt.Errorf("pnpm install timed out after %s", npmInstallTimeout)
-	}
-	return r
-}
-
 func (u *Updater) ListOfficialSkillsIndex() *NpmResult {
 	if u.SkillsIndexFetchOverride != nil {
 		return u.SkillsIndexFetchOverride()
@@ -347,40 +261,19 @@ func (u *Updater) runSkillsInstall(source string, nameList []string) *NpmResult
 	return u.runSkillsCommand(args...)
 }
 
-// skillsInvocation decides how to launch the `skills` CLI. When the lark-cli
-// itself was installed via pnpm and pnpm is available, it uses `pnpm dlx` so
-// pnpm-only environments (pnpm's standalone installer bundles Node without
-// putting npm/npx on PATH) can still sync skills after a self-update.
-// Otherwise it uses `npx`. The npx auto-confirm flag "-y", when present as the
-// leading arg, maps to `pnpm dlx`'s default non-interactive behavior and is
-// dropped for the pnpm launcher. Kept pure (no exec/PATH access) so the
-// launcher selection is unit-testable on any platform.
-func skillsInvocation(method InstallMethod, pnpmAvailable bool, args []string) (launcher string, rest []string) {
-	if method == InstallPnpm && pnpmAvailable {
-		r := args
-		if len(r) > 0 && r[0] == "-y" {
-			r = r[1:]
-		}
-		return "pnpm", append([]string{"dlx"}, r...)
-	}
-	return "npx", args
-}
-
 func (u *Updater) runSkillsCommand(args ...string) *NpmResult {
 	if u.SkillsCommandOverride != nil {
 		return u.SkillsCommandOverride(args...)
 	}
 	r := &NpmResult{}
-	det := u.DetectInstallMethod()
-	launcher, cmdArgs := skillsInvocation(det.Method, det.PnpmAvailable, args)
-	binPath, err := exec.LookPath(launcher)
+	npxPath, err := exec.LookPath("npx")
 	if err != nil {
-		r.Err = fmt.Errorf("%s not found in PATH: %w", launcher, err)
+		r.Err = fmt.Errorf("npx not found in PATH: %w", err)
 		return r
 	}
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), skillsUpdateTimeout)
 	defer cancel()
-	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, binPath, cmdArgs...)
+	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, npxPath, args...)
 	cmd.Stdout = &r.Stdout
 	cmd.Stderr = &r.Stderr
 	r.Err = cmd.Run()

internal/selfupdate/updater_test.go

@@ -371,147 +371,3 @@ func TestListOfficialSkillsFallsBack(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("fallback call = %q, want larksuite/cli --list", called[1])
 	}
 }
-
-func TestContainsPnpmMarker(t *testing.T) {
-	cases := []struct {
-		path string
-		want bool
-	}{
-		// Classic virtual-store layout (.pnpm segment).
-		{"/Users/x/Library/pnpm/global/5/node_modules/.pnpm/@larksuite+cli@1.0.44/node_modules/@larksuite/cli/bin/lark-cli", true},
-		{`C:\Users\x\AppData\Local\pnpm\global\5\node_modules\.pnpm\@larksuite+cli@1.0.44\node_modules\@larksuite\cli\bin\lark-cli.exe`, true},
-		// Global content-addressable store layout (pnpm 11): resolved path runs
-		// through the pnpm home store, a "pnpm" segment with no ".pnpm".
-		{"/Users/x/Library/pnpm/store/v11/links/@larksuite/cli/1.0.59/abc123/node_modules/@larksuite/cli/bin/lark-cli", true},
-		{"/home/x/.local/share/pnpm/store/v10/@larksuite/cli/node_modules/@larksuite/cli/bin/lark-cli", true},
-		{`C:\Users\x\AppData\Local\pnpm\store\v11\links\@larksuite\cli\node_modules\@larksuite\cli\bin\lark-cli.exe`, true},
-		// npm and non-package installs — no pnpm/.pnpm segment.
-		{"/usr/local/lib/node_modules/@larksuite/cli/bin/lark-cli", false},
-		{"/usr/local/bin/lark-cli", false},
-		// Substrings that must NOT match: segment must be exactly .pnpm, or
-		// "pnpm" immediately followed by "store".
-		{"/opt/homebrew/.pnpmfoo/node_modules/@larksuite/cli/bin/lark-cli", false},
-		{"/opt/pnpmfoo/node_modules/@larksuite/cli/bin/lark-cli", false},
-		// A bare "pnpm" directory NOT followed by "store" (e.g. an npm install
-		// living under a dir named pnpm) must not be misclassified as pnpm.
-		{"/opt/pnpm/lib/node_modules/@larksuite/cli/bin/lark-cli", false},
-	}
-	for _, c := range cases {
-		if got := containsPnpmMarker(c.path); got != c.want {
-			t.Errorf("containsPnpmMarker(%q) = %v, want %v", c.path, got, c.want)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDetectInstallMethod_Pnpm(t *testing.T) {
-	u := &Updater{DetectOverride: nil}
-	u.DetectOverride = func() DetectResult {
-		// Exercise the real classification by feeding a resolved path via a small shim.
-		return detectFromResolved("/x/node_modules/.pnpm/@larksuite+cli@1.0.44/node_modules/@larksuite/cli/bin/lark-cli", true, true)
-	}
-	got := u.DetectInstallMethod()
-	if got.Method != InstallPnpm {
-		t.Errorf("Method = %v, want InstallPnpm", got.Method)
-	}
-	if !got.PnpmAvailable {
-		t.Errorf("PnpmAvailable = false, want true")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDetectInstallMethod_NpmVsManual(t *testing.T) {
-	if m := detectFromResolved("/usr/local/lib/node_modules/@larksuite/cli/bin/lark-cli", true, false).Method; m != InstallNpm {
-		t.Errorf("npm path Method = %v, want InstallNpm", m)
-	}
-	if m := detectFromResolved("/usr/local/bin/lark-cli", false, false).Method; m != InstallManual {
-		t.Errorf("manual path Method = %v, want InstallManual", m)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestCanAutoUpdate_Pnpm(t *testing.T) {
-	if !(DetectResult{Method: InstallPnpm, PnpmAvailable: true}).CanAutoUpdate() {
-		t.Error("pnpm available should CanAutoUpdate")
-	}
-	if (DetectResult{Method: InstallPnpm, PnpmAvailable: false}).CanAutoUpdate() {
-		t.Error("pnpm unavailable should not CanAutoUpdate")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestManualReason_Pnpm(t *testing.T) {
-	if got := (DetectResult{Method: InstallPnpm, NpmAvailable: false, PnpmAvailable: false}).ManualReason(); got != "installed via pnpm, but pnpm is not available in PATH" {
-		t.Errorf("pnpm reason = %q", got)
-	}
-	if got := (DetectResult{Method: InstallManual}).ManualReason(); got != "not installed via npm or pnpm" {
-		t.Errorf("manual reason = %q", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestRunPnpmInstall_Override(t *testing.T) {
-	u := &Updater{PnpmInstallOverride: func(version string) *NpmResult {
-		r := &NpmResult{}
-		r.Stdout.WriteString("added @larksuite/cli@" + version)
-		return r
-	}}
-	got := u.RunPnpmInstall("2.0.0")
-	if got.Err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", got.Err)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(got.CombinedOutput(), "2.0.0") {
-		t.Errorf("output = %q, want version echoed", got.CombinedOutput())
-	}
-}
-
-func TestRunPnpmInstall_Error(t *testing.T) {
-	wantErr := errors.New("boom")
-	u := &Updater{PnpmInstallOverride: func(string) *NpmResult { return &NpmResult{Err: wantErr} }}
-	if got := u.RunPnpmInstall("2.0.0"); !errors.Is(got.Err, wantErr) {
-		t.Errorf("err = %v, want %v", got.Err, wantErr)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestSkillsInvocation(t *testing.T) {
-	addArgs := []string{"-y", "skills", "add", "https://open.feishu.cn", "-g", "-y"}
-	cases := []struct {
-		name          string
-		method        InstallMethod
-		pnpmAvailable bool
-		args          []string
-		wantLauncher  string
-		wantRest      []string
-	}{
-		{"pnpm install + pnpm available → pnpm dlx, drop leading -y", InstallPnpm, true, addArgs,
-			"pnpm", []string{"dlx", "skills", "add", "https://open.feishu.cn", "-g", "-y"}},
-		{"pnpm install but pnpm unavailable → npx unchanged", InstallPnpm, false, addArgs,
-			"npx", addArgs},
-		{"npm install → npx unchanged", InstallNpm, false, addArgs,
-			"npx", addArgs},
-		{"manual install → npx unchanged", InstallManual, false, []string{"-y", "skills", "ls", "-g"},
-			"npx", []string{"-y", "skills", "ls", "-g"}},
-		{"pnpm without a leading -y → prepend dlx only", InstallPnpm, true, []string{"skills", "ls", "-g"},
-			"pnpm", []string{"dlx", "skills", "ls", "-g"}},
-	}
-	for _, c := range cases {
-		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			gotLauncher, gotRest := skillsInvocation(c.method, c.pnpmAvailable, c.args)
-			if gotLauncher != c.wantLauncher {
-				t.Errorf("launcher = %q, want %q", gotLauncher, c.wantLauncher)
-			}
-			if strings.Join(gotRest, " ") != strings.Join(c.wantRest, " ") {
-				t.Errorf("rest = %v, want %v", gotRest, c.wantRest)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-// TestDetectInstallMethod_Caches locks the fix for the post-update re-detection
-// hazard: DetectInstallMethod must return the first (pre-update) detection on
-// subsequent calls, so the skills launcher chosen after the binary is replaced
-// stays consistent with what was detected — and reported — before the update.
-func TestDetectInstallMethod_Caches(t *testing.T) {
-	u := New()
-	cached := DetectResult{Method: InstallPnpm, PnpmAvailable: true, ResolvedPath: "/x/pnpm/store/v11/links/@larksuite/cli/1.0.0/node_modules/@larksuite/cli/bin/lark-cli"}
-	u.detectCache = &cached
-	got := u.DetectInstallMethod()
-	if got.Method != InstallPnpm || !got.PnpmAvailable {
-		t.Errorf("expected cached pnpm result to be returned, got %+v", got)
-	}
-}

internal/vfs/localfileio/path.go

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ func safePath(raw, flagName string) (string, error) {
 	}
 
 	if isAbsolutePath(raw) {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("%s must be a relative path within the current directory, got %q (hint: cd to the target directory first, or use a relative path like ./filename)", flagName, raw)
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("%s must be a relative path within the current directory, got %q (hint: use a relative path like ./filename; flags that support stdin can read an out-of-tree file via '-' instead)", flagName, raw)
 	}
 
 	path := filepath.Clean(raw)

package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@larksuite/cli",
-  "version": "1.0.66",
+  "version": "1.0.64",
   "description": "The official CLI for Lark/Feishu open platform",
   "bin": {
     "lark-cli": "scripts/run.js"

scripts/ci-workflow.test.sh

@@ -215,73 +215,6 @@ if ! grep -Fq "if: \${{ $fork_safe_guard }}" <<<"$section"; then
   exit 1
 fi
 
-if ! grep -Fq "name: Resolve CLI E2E domains" <<<"$dry_run_section" ||
-   ! grep -Fq "id: e2e_domains" <<<"$dry_run_section" ||
-   ! grep -Fq "run: node scripts/e2e_domains.js" <<<"$dry_run_section"; then
-  echo "e2e-dry-run should resolve changed-file CLI E2E domains before running tests"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! grep -Fq "steps.e2e_domains.outputs.dry_packages" <<<"$dry_run_section"; then
-  echo "e2e-dry-run should use resolved dry_packages instead of always running the full suite"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! grep -Fq "E2E_REASON: \${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.reason }}" <<<"$dry_run_section" ||
-   ! grep -Fq 'echo "Dry-run CLI E2E domains: $E2E_MODE ($E2E_REASON)"' <<<"$dry_run_section"; then
-  echo "e2e-dry-run should pass dynamic domain output through env before shell use"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! grep -Fq "E2E_DRY_ROOT_PACKAGE: \${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.dry_root_package }}" <<<"$dry_run_section" ||
-   ! grep -Fq 'go test -v -count=1 -timeout=5m "$E2E_DRY_ROOT_PACKAGE"' <<<"$dry_run_section"; then
-  echo "e2e-dry-run should run the root CLI E2E harness package without the DryRun/Regression filter"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! grep -Fq "No dry-run CLI E2E needed" <<<"$dry_run_section"; then
-  echo "e2e-dry-run should explicitly skip when domain mode is skip"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! grep -Fq "name: Resolve CLI E2E domains" <<<"$section" ||
-   ! grep -Fq "id: e2e_domains" <<<"$section" ||
-   ! grep -Fq "run: node scripts/e2e_domains.js" <<<"$section"; then
-  echo "e2e-live should resolve changed-file CLI E2E domains before credentials and tests"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! grep -Fq "steps.e2e_domains.outputs.live_packages" <<<"$section"; then
-  echo "e2e-live should use resolved live_packages instead of always running the full suite"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! grep -Fq "E2E_REASON: \${{ steps.e2e_domains.outputs.reason }}" <<<"$section" ||
-   ! grep -Fq 'echo "Live CLI E2E domains: $E2E_MODE ($E2E_REASON)"' <<<"$section"; then
-  echo "e2e-live should pass dynamic domain output through env before shell use"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! awk '
-  /^      - name: Build lark-cli/ { in_step = 1 }
-  in_step && /if: \$\{\{ steps\.e2e_domains\.outputs\.mode != '\''skip'\'' \}\}/ { found = 1 }
-  in_step && /^      - name:/ && !/Build lark-cli/ { in_step = 0 }
-  END { exit found ? 0 : 1 }
-' <<<"$dry_run_section"; then
-  echo "e2e-dry-run should skip building lark-cli when domain mode is skip"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-if ! awk '
-  /^      - name: Build lark-cli/ { in_step = 1 }
-  in_step && /if: \$\{\{ steps\.e2e_domains\.outputs\.mode != '\''skip'\'' \}\}/ { found = 1 }
-  in_step && /^      - name:/ && !/Build lark-cli/ { in_step = 0 }
-  END { exit found ? 0 : 1 }
-' <<<"$section"; then
-  echo "e2e-live should skip building lark-cli when domain mode is skip"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
 if ! grep -Fq "permissions:" <<<"$section" ||
    ! grep -Fq "contents: read" <<<"$section" ||
    ! grep -Fq "checks: write" <<<"$section"; then
@@ -304,23 +237,13 @@ if ! grep -Fq "::error::Missing required secrets: TEST_BOT1_APP_ID / TEST_BOT1_A
   exit 1
 fi
 
-if ! awk '
-  /^      - name: Configure bot credentials/ { in_step = 1 }
-  in_step && /if: \$\{\{ steps\.e2e_domains\.outputs\.mode != '\''skip'\'' \}\}/ { found = 1 }
-  in_step && /^      - name:/ && !/Configure bot credentials/ { in_step = 0 }
-  END { exit found ? 0 : 1 }
-' <<<"$section"; then
-  echo "e2e-live should only configure bot credentials when domain mode is not skip"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
 if grep -Fq "steps.live_e2e_credentials.outputs.configured" <<<"$section"; then
   echo "e2e-live build, configure, test, and report steps should not be gated by a skip-state output"
   exit 1
 fi
 
-if ! grep -Fq "if: \${{ !cancelled() && steps.e2e_domains.outputs.mode != 'skip' }}" <<<"$section"; then
-  echo "e2e-live report step should run after attempted live tests unless the workflow is cancelled or domain mode is skip"
+if ! grep -Fq "if: \${{ !cancelled() }}" <<<"$section"; then
+  echo "e2e-live report step should run after attempted live tests unless the workflow is cancelled"
   exit 1
 fi
 

scripts/domain-map.js

@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-const fs = require("node:fs");
-const path = require("node:path");
-
-const DOMAIN_MAP_PATH = path.join(__dirname, "domain-map.json");
-const domainMap = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(DOMAIN_MAP_PATH, "utf8"));
-
-function normalizeRepoPath(input) {
-  return String(input || "").trim().replace(/\\/g, "/").replace(/^\.\//, "").toLowerCase();
-}
-
-const pathMappingsBySpecificity = (domainMap.pathMappings || [])
-  .map((entry) => ({ ...entry, prefix: normalizeRepoPath(entry.prefix) }))
-  .sort((a, b) => b.prefix.length - a.prefix.length);
-
-function findPathMapping(filePath) {
-  const normalized = normalizeRepoPath(filePath);
-  return pathMappingsBySpecificity.find((entry) => normalized.startsWith(entry.prefix));
-}
-
-function labelDomainsForPath(filePath) {
-  const mapping = findPathMapping(filePath);
-  return mapping ? [...(mapping.labelDomains || [])] : [];
-}
-
-function e2eDomainsForPath(filePath) {
-  const mapping = findPathMapping(filePath);
-  return mapping ? [...(mapping.e2eDomains || [])] : [];
-}
-
-function matchesFullFallback(filePath) {
-  const normalized = normalizeRepoPath(filePath);
-  return (domainMap.fullFallbackPrefixes || []).some((prefix) => normalized.startsWith(prefix));
-}
-
-function isSkippablePath(filePath) {
-  const normalized = normalizeRepoPath(filePath);
-  const basename = path.posix.basename(normalized);
-  return (domainMap.skipPrefixes || []).some((prefix) => normalized.startsWith(prefix))
-    || (domainMap.skipSuffixes || []).some((suffix) => normalized.endsWith(suffix))
-    || (domainMap.skipFilenames || []).includes(basename);
-}
-
-module.exports = {
-  domainMap,
-  e2eDomainsForPath,
-  findPathMapping,
-  isSkippablePath,
-  labelDomainsForPath,
-  matchesFullFallback,
-  normalizeRepoPath,
-};

scripts/domain-map.json

@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "pathMappings": [
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/im/", "labelDomains": ["im"], "e2eDomains": ["im"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/vc/", "labelDomains": ["vc"], "e2eDomains": ["vc"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/calendar/", "labelDomains": ["calendar"], "e2eDomains": ["calendar"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/doc/", "labelDomains": ["ccm"], "e2eDomains": ["docs"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/sheets/", "labelDomains": ["ccm"], "e2eDomains": ["sheets"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/drive/", "labelDomains": ["ccm"], "e2eDomains": ["drive"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/wiki/", "labelDomains": ["ccm"], "e2eDomains": ["wiki"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/base/", "labelDomains": ["base"], "e2eDomains": ["base"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/mail/", "labelDomains": ["mail"], "e2eDomains": ["mail"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/task/", "labelDomains": ["task"], "e2eDomains": ["task"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/contact/", "labelDomains": ["contact"], "e2eDomains": ["contact"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/apps/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["apps"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/markdown/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["markdown"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/minutes/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["minutes"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/okr/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["okr"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/slides/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["slides"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/note/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["note"] },
-    { "prefix": "shortcuts/event/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["event"] },
-
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-im/", "labelDomains": ["im"], "e2eDomains": ["im"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-vc/", "labelDomains": ["vc"], "e2eDomains": ["vc"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-doc/", "labelDomains": ["ccm"], "e2eDomains": ["docs"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-wiki/", "labelDomains": ["ccm"], "e2eDomains": ["wiki"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-drive/", "labelDomains": ["ccm"], "e2eDomains": ["drive"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-sheets/", "labelDomains": ["ccm"], "e2eDomains": ["sheets"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-base/", "labelDomains": ["base"], "e2eDomains": ["base"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-mail/", "labelDomains": ["mail"], "e2eDomains": ["mail"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-calendar/", "labelDomains": ["calendar"], "e2eDomains": ["calendar"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-task/", "labelDomains": ["task"], "e2eDomains": ["task"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-contact/", "labelDomains": ["contact"], "e2eDomains": ["contact"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-apps/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["apps"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-markdown/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["markdown"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-minutes/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["minutes"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-okr/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["okr"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-slides/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["slides"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-note/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["note"] },
-    { "prefix": "skills/lark-event/", "labelDomains": [], "e2eDomains": ["event"] }
-  ],
-  "fullFallbackPrefixes": [
-    "shortcuts/common/",
-    "cmd/",
-    "internal/",
-    "pkg/",
-    "extension/",
-    "registry/",
-    "go.mod",
-    "go.sum",
-    "Makefile",
-    ".github/workflows/",
-    "scripts/"
-  ],
-  "skipPrefixes": [
-    "docs/",
-    ".changeset/"
-  ],
-  "skipSuffixes": [
-    ".md",
-    ".mdx",
-    ".txt",
-    ".rst"
-  ],
-  "skipFilenames": [
-    "readme.md",
-    "readme.zh.md",
-    "changelog.md",
-    "license",
-    "cla.md"
-  ]
-}

scripts/e2e_domains.js

@@ -1,224 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env node
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-const fs = require("node:fs");
-const path = require("node:path");
-const { execFileSync } = require("node:child_process");
-const {
-  e2eDomainsForPath,
-  findPathMapping,
-  isSkippablePath,
-  matchesFullFallback,
-  normalizeRepoPath,
-} = require("./domain-map");
-
-const ROOT = process.env.E2E_DOMAINS_ROOT || path.join(__dirname, "..");
-process.chdir(ROOT);
-
-function execLines(command, args) {
-  return execFileSync(command, args, { encoding: "utf8" })
-    .split(/\r?\n/)
-    .map((line) => line.trim())
-    .filter(Boolean);
-}
-
-function modulePath() {
-  return execLines("go", ["list", "-m"])[0];
-}
-
-function rootPackage(moduleName) {
-  return `${moduleName}/tests/cli_e2e`;
-}
-
-function allLivePackages(moduleName) {
-  return execLines("go", ["list", "./tests/cli_e2e/..."])
-    .filter((pkg) => pkg !== rootPackage(moduleName))
-    .filter((pkg) => !pkg.endsWith("/demo"));
-}
-
-function allDryPackages(moduleName) {
-  return allLivePackages(moduleName);
-}
-
-const domainExistsCache = new Map();
-
-function domainExists(domain) {
-  if (domainExistsCache.has(domain)) {
-    return domainExistsCache.get(domain);
-  }
-  let exists = false;
-  try {
-    execFileSync("go", ["list", `./tests/cli_e2e/${domain}`], { stdio: "ignore" });
-    exists = true;
-  } catch {
-    exists = false;
-  }
-  domainExistsCache.set(domain, exists);
-  return exists;
-}
-
-function readChangedFiles() {
-  const changedFilesPath = process.env.E2E_DOMAIN_CHANGED_FILES;
-  if (changedFilesPath) {
-    return fs.readFileSync(changedFilesPath, "utf8")
-      .split(/\r?\n/)
-      .map(normalizeRepoPath)
-      .filter(Boolean);
-  }
-
-  if (process.env.GITHUB_EVENT_NAME !== "pull_request") {
-    return null;
-  }
-
-  const baseRef = process.env.GITHUB_BASE_REF || "main";
-  try {
-    execFileSync("git", ["rev-parse", "--verify", `origin/${baseRef}`], { stdio: "ignore" });
-    return execLines("git", ["diff", "--name-only", `origin/${baseRef}...HEAD`]).map(normalizeRepoPath);
-  } catch {
-    return null;
-  }
-}
-
-function addDomain(domains, domain) {
-  if (domain && domainExists(domain)) {
-    domains.add(domain);
-    return true;
-  }
-  return false;
-}
-
-function classifyPath(filePath, domains) {
-  const normalized = normalizeRepoPath(filePath);
-  if (!normalized) return { matched: false };
-
-  const e2eMatch = normalized.match(/^tests\/cli_e2e\/([^/]+)\//);
-  if (e2eMatch) {
-    const domain = e2eMatch[1];
-    if (domain === "demo") return { matched: false };
-    if (domainExists(domain)) {
-      addDomain(domains, domain);
-      return { matched: true };
-    }
-    if (isSkippablePath(normalized)) return { matched: false };
-    return { fullReason: `unknown CLI E2E domain path: ${normalized}` };
-  }
-
-  if (normalized.startsWith("tests/cli_e2e/")) {
-    return { fullReason: `shared CLI E2E harness changed: ${normalized}` };
-  }
-
-  if (matchesFullFallback(normalized)) {
-    return { fullReason: `shared/runtime path changed: ${normalized}` };
-  }
-
-  const mappedDomains = e2eDomainsForPath(normalized);
-  if (mappedDomains.length > 0) {
-    const missingDomains = [];
-    for (const domain of mappedDomains) {
-      if (!addDomain(domains, domain)) missingDomains.push(domain);
-    }
-    if (missingDomains.length > 0) {
-      return { fullReason: `mapped CLI E2E domain has no package: ${missingDomains.join(",")} (${normalized})` };
-    }
-    return { matched: true };
-  }
-
-  if (findPathMapping(normalized)) {
-    return { fullReason: `mapped path has no CLI E2E package: ${normalized}` };
-  }
-
-  if (normalized.match(/^shortcuts\/[^/]+\//) || normalized.match(/^skills\/lark-[^/]+\//)) {
-    return { fullReason: `unmapped CLI E2E domain path: ${normalized}` };
-  }
-
-  if (isSkippablePath(normalized)) return { matched: false };
-
-  return { fullReason: `unclassified path changed: ${normalized}` };
-}
-
-function resolveDomains(changedFiles) {
-  const moduleName = modulePath();
-  const rootDryPackage = rootPackage(moduleName);
-  if (changedFiles === null) {
-    return {
-      mode: "full",
-      reason: "non-pull_request run or unavailable diff",
-      domains: ["all"],
-      dryRootPackage: rootDryPackage,
-      dryPackages: allDryPackages(moduleName),
-      livePackages: allLivePackages(moduleName),
-    };
-  }
-
-  const domains = new Set();
-  let matchedRelevant = false;
-  let fullReason = "";
-
-  for (const file of changedFiles) {
-    const result = classifyPath(file, domains);
-    if (result.matched) matchedRelevant = true;
-    if (result.fullReason && !fullReason) fullReason = result.fullReason;
-  }
-
-  if (fullReason) {
-    return {
-      mode: "full",
-      reason: fullReason,
-      domains: ["all"],
-      dryRootPackage: rootDryPackage,
-      dryPackages: allDryPackages(moduleName),
-      livePackages: allLivePackages(moduleName),
-    };
-  }
-
-  if (matchedRelevant && domains.size > 0) {
-    const sortedDomains = [...domains].sort();
-    const packages = sortedDomains.map((domain) => `${moduleName}/tests/cli_e2e/${domain}`);
-    return {
-      mode: "subset",
-      reason: "business domain changes",
-      domains: sortedDomains,
-      dryRootPackage: rootDryPackage,
-      dryPackages: packages,
-      livePackages: packages,
-    };
-  }
-
-  return {
-    mode: "skip",
-    reason: "docs-only or no live CLI E2E impact",
-    domains: [],
-    dryRootPackage: "",
-    dryPackages: [],
-    livePackages: [],
-  };
-}
-
-function emit(resolved) {
-  const values = {
-    mode: resolved.mode,
-    reason: resolved.reason,
-    domains: resolved.domains.join(","),
-    dry_root_package: resolved.dryRootPackage,
-    dry_packages: resolved.dryPackages.join(" "),
-    live_packages: resolved.livePackages.join(" "),
-  };
-
-  const lines = Object.entries(values).map(([key, value]) => `${key}=${value}`);
-  console.log(lines.join("\n"));
-
-  if (process.env.GITHUB_OUTPUT) {
-    fs.appendFileSync(process.env.GITHUB_OUTPUT, `${lines.join("\n")}\n`);
-  }
-}
-
-if (require.main === module) {
-  emit(resolveDomains(readChangedFiles()));
-}
-
-module.exports = {
-  classifyPath,
-  readChangedFiles,
-  resolveDomains,
-};

scripts/e2e_domains.test.js

@@ -1,94 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-const assert = require("node:assert/strict");
-const fs = require("node:fs");
-const os = require("node:os");
-const path = require("node:path");
-const { execFileSync } = require("node:child_process");
-const test = require("node:test");
-
-const scriptPath = path.join(__dirname, "e2e_domains.js");
-
-function parseOutput(raw) {
-  const result = {};
-  for (const line of raw.trim().split(/\r?\n/)) {
-    const idx = line.indexOf("=");
-    if (idx === -1) continue;
-    result[line.slice(0, idx)] = line.slice(idx + 1);
-  }
-  return result;
-}
-
-function runDomains(files) {
-  const dir = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "e2e-domains-"));
-  const file = path.join(dir, "changed.txt");
-  fs.writeFileSync(file, `${files.join("\n")}\n`);
-  try {
-    return parseOutput(execFileSync(process.execPath, [scriptPath], {
-      cwd: path.join(__dirname, ".."),
-      encoding: "utf8",
-      env: { ...process.env, E2E_DOMAIN_CHANGED_FILES: file },
-    }));
-  } finally {
-    fs.rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  }
-}
-
-test("maps shortcut changes to one business domain package", () => {
-  const output = runDomains(["shortcuts/im/messages/send.go"]);
-  assert.equal(output.mode, "subset");
-  assert.equal(output.domains, "im");
-  assert.match(output.dry_root_package, /github\.com\/larksuite\/cli\/tests\/cli_e2e$/);
-  assert.match(output.live_packages, /github\.com\/larksuite\/cli\/tests\/cli_e2e\/im/);
-  assert.doesNotMatch(output.live_packages, /github\.com\/larksuite\/cli\/tests\/cli_e2e\/drive/);
-});
-
-test("maps doc shortcuts to docs package", () => {
-  const output = runDomains(["shortcuts/doc/update.go"]);
-  assert.equal(output.mode, "subset");
-  assert.equal(output.domains, "docs");
-  assert.match(output.live_packages, /github\.com\/larksuite\/cli\/tests\/cli_e2e\/docs/);
-});
-
-test("maps direct e2e domain package changes", () => {
-  const output = runDomains(["tests/cli_e2e/drive/helpers.go"]);
-  assert.equal(output.mode, "subset");
-  assert.equal(output.domains, "drive");
-  assert.match(output.live_packages, /github\.com\/larksuite\/cli\/tests\/cli_e2e\/drive/);
-});
-
-test("falls back to full for shared e2e harness changes", () => {
-  const output = runDomains(["tests/cli_e2e/core.go"]);
-  assert.equal(output.mode, "full");
-  assert.equal(output.domains, "all");
-  assert.match(output.reason, /shared CLI E2E harness changed/);
-});
-
-test("falls back to full for runtime changes", () => {
-  const output = runDomains(["cmd/root.go"]);
-  assert.equal(output.mode, "full");
-  assert.equal(output.domains, "all");
-  assert.match(output.reason, /shared\/runtime path changed/);
-});
-
-test("skips docs-only changes", () => {
-  const output = runDomains(["docs/usage.md", "README.md"]);
-  assert.equal(output.mode, "skip");
-  assert.equal(output.domains, "");
-  assert.equal(output.dry_root_package, "");
-  assert.equal(output.live_packages, "");
-});
-
-test("uses shared map for skill domain changes", () => {
-  const output = runDomains(["skills/lark-sheets/SKILL.md"]);
-  assert.equal(output.mode, "subset");
-  assert.equal(output.domains, "sheets");
-  assert.match(output.live_packages, /github\.com\/larksuite\/cli\/tests\/cli_e2e\/sheets/);
-});
-
-test("falls back to full when a mapped path has no e2e package", () => {
-  const output = runDomains(["shortcuts/whiteboard/export.go"]);
-  assert.equal(output.mode, "full");
-  assert.match(output.reason, /unmapped CLI E2E domain path/);
-});

scripts/pr-labels/index.js

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 
 const fs = require("node:fs/promises");
 const path = require("node:path");
-const { labelDomainsForPath } = require("../domain-map");
 
 // ============================================================================
 // Constants & Configuration
@@ -36,6 +35,33 @@ const CORE_PREFIXES = ["internal/auth/", "internal/engine/", "internal/config/",
 const HEAD_BUSINESS_DOMAINS = new Set(["im", "contact", "ccm", "base", "docx"]);
 const LOW_RISK_TYPES = new Set(["docs", "ci", "test", "chore"]);
 
+// CODEOWNERS-based path to domain label mapping
+// Maps shortcuts and skills paths to business domain labels
+const PATH_TO_DOMAIN_MAP = {
+  // shortcuts
+  "shortcuts/im/": "im",
+  "shortcuts/vc/": "vc",
+  "shortcuts/calendar/": "calendar",
+  "shortcuts/doc/": "ccm",
+  "shortcuts/sheets/": "ccm",
+  "shortcuts/drive/": "ccm",
+  "shortcuts/wiki/": "ccm",
+  "shortcuts/base/": "base",
+  "shortcuts/mail/": "mail",
+  "shortcuts/task/": "task",
+  "shortcuts/contact/": "contact",
+  // skills
+  "skills/lark-im/": "im",
+  "skills/lark-vc/": "vc",
+  "skills/lark-doc/": "ccm",
+  "skills/lark-wiki/": "ccm",
+  "skills/lark-base/": "base",
+  "skills/lark-mail/": "mail",
+  "skills/lark-calendar/": "calendar",
+  "skills/lark-task/": "task",
+  "skills/lark-contact/": "contact",
+};
+
 const SENSITIVE_PATTERN = /(^|\/)(auth|permission|permissions|security)(\/|_|\.|$)/;
 
 const CLASS_STANDARDS = {
@@ -259,7 +285,13 @@ function skillDomainForPath(filePath) {
 
 // Get business domain label based on CODEOWNERS path mapping
 function getBusinessDomain(filePath) {
-  return labelDomainsForPath(filePath)[0] || "";
+  const normalized = normalizePath(filePath);
+  for (const [prefix, domain] of Object.entries(PATH_TO_DOMAIN_MAP)) {
+    if (normalized.startsWith(prefix)) {
+      return domain;
+    }
+  }
+  return "";
 }
 
 async function detectNewShortcutDomain(files) {

scripts/resolve-changed-from.test.sh

@@ -8,17 +8,7 @@ repo_root="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/.." && pwd)"
 script="$repo_root/scripts/resolve-changed-from.sh"
 
 tmp="${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/resolve-changed-from-test-$$"
-
-cleanup_tmp() {
-  local attempt
-  for attempt in 1 2 3; do
-    rm -rf "$tmp" && return 0
-    sleep 1
-  done
-  rm -rf "$tmp"
-}
-
-trap cleanup_tmp EXIT
+trap 'rm -rf "$tmp"' EXIT
 mkdir -p "$tmp"
 
 git_init() {

shortcuts/calendar/calendar_create.go

@@ -67,26 +67,6 @@ func parseAttendees(attendeesStr string, currentUserId string) ([]map[string]str
 	return attendees, nil
 }
 
-func attendeesIncludeRoom(attendees []map[string]string) bool {
-	for _, attendee := range attendees {
-		if attendee["type"] == "resource" || attendee["room_id"] != "" {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func guideApprovalRoomReasonError(err error, attendees []map[string]string) error {
-	if err == nil || !attendeesIncludeRoom(attendees) {
-		return err
-	}
-	p, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-	if !ok || !strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(p.Hint), "approval_reason") {
-		return err
-	}
-	return withStepContext(err, "approval meeting rooms require attendees[].approval_reason; calendar +create does not expose this low-frequency field. Create the event with the raw API flow, then use `lark-cli calendar event.attendees create --as user` with attendees[].approval_reason for the room attendee.")
-}
-
 var CalendarCreate = common.Shortcut{
 	Service:     "calendar",
 	Command:     "+create",
@@ -245,7 +225,6 @@ var CalendarCreate = common.Shortcut{
 					"need_notification": true,
 				})
 			if err != nil {
-				err = guideApprovalRoomReasonError(err, attendees)
 				// Rollback: delete the event
 				_, rollbackErr := runtime.CallAPITyped("DELETE",
 					fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/calendar/v4/calendars/%s/events/%s", validate.EncodePathSegment(calendarId), validate.EncodePathSegment(eventId)),
@@ -306,9 +285,6 @@ var CalendarCreate = common.Shortcut{
 			"start":    startStr,
 			"end":      endStr,
 		}
-		if recurrence, _ := event["recurrence"].(string); recurrence != "" {
-			resultData["recurrence"] = recurrence
-		}
 
 		runtime.OutFormat(resultData, nil, func(w io.Writer) {
 			var rows []map[string]interface{}

shortcuts/calendar/calendar_get.go

@@ -1,279 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-//
-// calendar +get — get a single calendar event detail by calendar_id and event_id
-
-package calendar
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/output"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/validate"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
-)
-
-// calendarEventTime mirrors start_time / end_time in the API response.
-type calendarEventTime struct {
-	Date      string `json:"date,omitempty"`
-	Timestamp string `json:"timestamp,omitempty"`
-	Timezone  string `json:"timezone,omitempty"`
-}
-
-// calendarEventVChat mirrors the vchat block in the API response.
-type calendarEventVChat struct {
-	VCType      string `json:"vc_type,omitempty"`
-	IconType    string `json:"icon_type,omitempty"`
-	Description string `json:"description,omitempty"`
-	MeetingURL  string `json:"meeting_url,omitempty"`
-}
-
-// calendarEventLocation mirrors the location block in the API response.
-type calendarEventLocation struct {
-	Name      string  `json:"name,omitempty"`
-	Address   string  `json:"address,omitempty"`
-	Latitude  float64 `json:"latitude,omitempty"`
-	Longitude float64 `json:"longitude,omitempty"`
-}
-
-// calendarEventReminder mirrors a reminder entry.
-type calendarEventReminder struct {
-	Minutes int `json:"minutes"`
-}
-
-// calendarEventOrganizer mirrors event_organizer.
-type calendarEventOrganizer struct {
-	UserID      string `json:"user_id,omitempty"`
-	DisplayName string `json:"display_name,omitempty"`
-}
-
-// calendarEventAttachment mirrors a single attachment entry.
-type calendarEventAttachment struct {
-	FileToken string `json:"file_token,omitempty"`
-	FileSize  string `json:"file_size,omitempty"`
-	Name      string `json:"name,omitempty"`
-}
-
-// calendarEventCheckInTime mirrors check_in_start_time / check_in_end_time.
-type calendarEventCheckInTime struct {
-	TimeType string `json:"time_type,omitempty"`
-	Duration int    `json:"duration"`
-}
-
-// calendarEventCheckIn mirrors event_check_in.
-type calendarEventCheckIn struct {
-	EnableCheckIn       bool                      `json:"enable_check_in"`
-	CheckInStartTime    *calendarEventCheckInTime `json:"check_in_start_time,omitempty"`
-	CheckInEndTime      *calendarEventCheckInTime `json:"check_in_end_time,omitempty"`
-	NeedNotifyAttendees bool                      `json:"need_notify_attendees"`
-}
-
-// calendarEvent mirrors the event object inside the API response.
-type calendarEvent struct {
-	EventID             string                    `json:"event_id,omitempty"`
-	OrganizerCalendarID string                    `json:"organizer_calendar_id,omitempty"`
-	Summary             string                    `json:"summary,omitempty"`
-	Description         string                    `json:"description,omitempty"`
-	StartTime           *calendarEventTime        `json:"start_time,omitempty"`
-	EndTime             *calendarEventTime        `json:"end_time,omitempty"`
-	VChat               *calendarEventVChat       `json:"vchat,omitempty"`
-	Visibility          string                    `json:"visibility,omitempty"`
-	AttendeeAbility     string                    `json:"attendee_ability,omitempty"`
-	FreeBusyStatus      string                    `json:"free_busy_status,omitempty"`
-	SelfRsvpStatus      string                    `json:"self_rsvp_status,omitempty"`
-	Location            *calendarEventLocation    `json:"location,omitempty"`
-	Color               int                       `json:"color,omitempty"`
-	Reminders           []calendarEventReminder   `json:"reminders,omitempty"`
-	Recurrence          string                    `json:"recurrence,omitempty"`
-	Status              string                    `json:"status,omitempty"`
-	IsException         bool                      `json:"is_exception,omitempty"`
-	RecurringEventID    string                    `json:"recurring_event_id,omitempty"`
-	CreateTime          string                    `json:"create_time,omitempty"`
-	EventOrganizer      *calendarEventOrganizer   `json:"event_organizer,omitempty"`
-	AppLink             string                    `json:"app_link,omitempty"`
-	Attachments         []calendarEventAttachment `json:"attachments,omitempty"`
-	EventCheckIn        *calendarEventCheckIn     `json:"event_check_in,omitempty"`
-}
-
-// parseCalendarEvent decodes the API response data into a typed calendarEvent.
-func parseCalendarEvent(data map[string]any) (*calendarEvent, error) {
-	rawEvent, ok := data["event"]
-	if !ok || rawEvent == nil {
-		return nil, errs.NewInternalError(errs.SubtypeInvalidResponse, "calendar event response missing 'event' field")
-	}
-	raw, err := json.Marshal(rawEvent)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errs.NewInternalError(errs.SubtypeInvalidResponse, "calendar event response: marshal failed: %s", err).WithCause(err)
-	}
-	var event calendarEvent
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &event); err != nil {
-		return nil, errs.NewInternalError(errs.SubtypeInvalidResponse, "calendar event response: unmarshal failed: %s", err).WithCause(err)
-	}
-	return &event, nil
-}
-
-// buildCalendarEventOutput converts the typed event into the output map and
-// applies the four transformation rules:
-//  1. create_time -> RFC3339
-//  2. start_time / end_time timestamp -> datetime (RFC3339), drop timestamp
-//  3. flatten event into the top-level result
-//  4. when status != "cancelled", drop status (and adjust all-day end date)
-func buildCalendarEventOutput(event *calendarEvent) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
-	raw, err := json.Marshal(event)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errs.NewInternalError(errs.SubtypeInvalidResponse, "calendar event marshal failed: %s", err).WithCause(err)
-	}
-	var out map[string]interface{}
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &out); err != nil {
-		return nil, errs.NewInternalError(errs.SubtypeInvalidResponse, "calendar event unmarshal failed: %s", err).WithCause(err)
-	}
-
-	if ctStr, ok := out["create_time"].(string); ok && ctStr != "" {
-		if ts, err := strconv.ParseInt(ctStr, 10, 64); err == nil {
-			out["create_time"] = time.Unix(ts, 0).Local().Format(time.RFC3339)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if startMap, ok := out["start_time"].(map[string]interface{}); ok {
-		if tsStr, ok := startMap["timestamp"].(string); ok && tsStr != "" {
-			if ts, err := strconv.ParseInt(tsStr, 10, 64); err == nil {
-				startMap["datetime"] = time.Unix(ts, 0).Local().Format(time.RFC3339)
-				delete(startMap, "timestamp")
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	if endMap, ok := out["end_time"].(map[string]interface{}); ok {
-		if tsStr, ok := endMap["timestamp"].(string); ok && tsStr != "" {
-			if ts, err := strconv.ParseInt(tsStr, 10, 64); err == nil {
-				endMap["datetime"] = time.Unix(ts, 0).Local().Format(time.RFC3339)
-				delete(endMap, "timestamp")
-			}
-		}
-		// All-day event: end date is exclusive in the API; rewind by 1s and reformat.
-		if dt, _ := endMap["datetime"].(string); dt == "" {
-			if dateStr, ok := endMap["date"].(string); ok && dateStr != "" {
-				if t, err := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02", dateStr, time.UTC); err == nil {
-					endMap["date"] = t.Add(-1 * time.Second).Format("2006-01-02")
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	if status, _ := out["status"].(string); status != "cancelled" {
-		delete(out, "status")
-	}
-
-	return out, nil
-}
-
-// CalendarGet gets a single calendar event detail.
-var CalendarGet = common.Shortcut{
-	Service:     "calendar",
-	Command:     "+get",
-	Description: "Get a single calendar event detail by calendar-id and event-id",
-	Risk:        "read",
-	Scopes:      []string{"calendar:calendar.event:read"},
-	AuthTypes:   []string{"user", "bot"},
-	HasFormat:   true,
-	Flags: []common.Flag{
-		{Name: "calendar-id", Desc: "calendar ID (default: primary)"},
-		{Name: "event-id", Desc: "event ID", Required: true},
-	},
-	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-		if err := rejectCalendarAutoBotFallback(runtime); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		for _, flag := range []string{"calendar-id", "event-id"} {
-			if val := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str(flag)); val != "" {
-				if err := common.RejectDangerousCharsTyped("--"+flag, val); err != nil {
-					return err
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		eventId := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("event-id"))
-		if eventId == "" {
-			return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "event-id cannot be empty").WithParam("--event-id")
-		}
-		return nil
-	},
-	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
-		calendarId := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("calendar-id"))
-		d := common.NewDryRunAPI()
-		switch calendarId {
-		case "":
-			d.Desc("(calendar-id omitted) Will use primary calendar")
-			calendarId = "<primary>"
-		case "primary":
-			calendarId = "<primary>"
-		}
-		eventId := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("event-id"))
-		return d.
-			GET("/open-apis/calendar/v4/calendars/:calendar_id/events/:event_id").
-			Set("calendar_id", calendarId).
-			Set("event_id", eventId)
-	},
-	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-		calendarId := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("calendar-id"))
-		if calendarId == "" {
-			calendarId = PrimaryCalendarIDStr
-		}
-		eventId := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("event-id"))
-
-		data, err := runtime.CallAPITyped("GET",
-			fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/calendar/v4/calendars/%s/events/%s",
-				validate.EncodePathSegment(calendarId),
-				validate.EncodePathSegment(eventId)),
-			nil, nil)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		event, err := parseCalendarEvent(data)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		out, err := buildCalendarEventOutput(event)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		runtime.OutFormat(out, nil, func(w io.Writer) {
-			summary, _ := out["summary"].(string)
-			if summary == "" {
-				summary = "(untitled)"
-			}
-			startMap, _ := out["start_time"].(map[string]interface{})
-			endMap, _ := out["end_time"].(map[string]interface{})
-			startStr, _ := startMap["datetime"].(string)
-			if startStr == "" {
-				startStr, _ = startMap["date"].(string)
-			}
-			endStr, _ := endMap["datetime"].(string)
-			if endStr == "" {
-				endStr, _ = endMap["date"].(string)
-			}
-			eventIdOut, _ := out["event_id"].(string)
-			freeBusyStatus, _ := out["free_busy_status"].(string)
-			selfRsvpStatus, _ := out["self_rsvp_status"].(string)
-			row := map[string]interface{}{
-				"event_id":         eventIdOut,
-				"summary":          summary,
-				"start":            startStr,
-				"end":              endStr,
-				"free_busy_status": freeBusyStatus,
-				"self_rsvp_status": selfRsvpStatus,
-			}
-			output.PrintTable(w, []map[string]interface{}{row})
-			fmt.Fprintln(w)
-		})
-		return nil
-	},
-}

shortcuts/calendar/calendar_test.go

@@ -673,76 +673,6 @@ func TestCreate_WithAttendees_InvalidParamsWithDetail_RollsBack(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestCreate_ApprovalRoomMissingReason_GuidesRawAttendeesAPI(t *testing.T) {
-	f, _, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "POST",
-		URL:    "/open-apis/calendar/v4/calendars/cal_test123/events",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 0, "msg": "ok",
-			"data": map[string]interface{}{
-				"event": map[string]interface{}{
-					"event_id":   "evt_approval_room",
-					"summary":    "Approval Room",
-					"start_time": map[string]interface{}{"timestamp": "1742515200"},
-					"end_time":   map[string]interface{}{"timestamp": "1742518800"},
-				},
-			},
-		},
-	})
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "POST",
-		URL:    "/events/evt_approval_room/attendees",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": codeInvalidParamsWithDetail,
-			"msg":  "invalid params",
-			"error": map[string]interface{}{
-				"details": []interface{}{
-					map[string]interface{}{"value": "attendees[0].approval_reason is required for approval meeting rooms"},
-				},
-			},
-		},
-	})
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "DELETE",
-		URL:    "/events/evt_approval_room",
-		Body:   map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "msg": "ok"},
-	})
-
-	err := mountAndRun(t, CalendarCreate, []string{
-		"+create",
-		"--summary", "Approval Room",
-		"--start", "2025-03-21T00:00:00+08:00",
-		"--end", "2025-03-21T01:00:00+08:00",
-		"--calendar-id", "cal_test123",
-		"--attendee-ids", "omm_room1",
-		"--as", "user",
-	}, f, nil)
-
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected error for approval room missing approval_reason, got nil")
-	}
-	p, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("ProblemOf returned !ok for %T", err)
-	}
-	if p.Category != errs.CategoryAPI {
-		t.Errorf("category=%q, want %q", p.Category, errs.CategoryAPI)
-	}
-	if p.Subtype != errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters {
-		t.Errorf("subtype=%q, want %q", p.Subtype, errs.SubtypeInvalidParameters)
-	}
-	if p.Code != codeInvalidParamsWithDetail {
-		t.Errorf("code=%d, want %d", p.Code, codeInvalidParamsWithDetail)
-	}
-	for _, want := range []string{"approval_reason", "calendar event.attendees create", "--as user", "rolled back successfully"} {
-		if !strings.Contains(p.Hint, want) {
-			t.Errorf("hint should contain %q, got: %q", want, p.Hint)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 // When the add-attendees call fails AND the rollback DELETE also fails, the
 // primary error stays the add failure (classification preserved) and the Hint
 // must surface BOTH the rollback failure reason and the orphan event_id so the
@@ -2304,17 +2234,17 @@ func TestResolveStartEnd_ExplicitValues(t *testing.T) {
 // Shortcuts() registration test
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-func TestShortcuts_Returns10(t *testing.T) {
+func TestShortcuts_Returns9(t *testing.T) {
 	shortcuts := Shortcuts()
-	if len(shortcuts) != 10 {
-		t.Fatalf("expected 10 shortcuts, got %d", len(shortcuts))
+	if len(shortcuts) != 9 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 9 shortcuts, got %d", len(shortcuts))
 	}
 
 	names := map[string]bool{}
 	for _, s := range shortcuts {
 		names[s.Command] = true
 	}
-	for _, want := range []string{"+agenda", "+create", "+update", "+freebusy", "+room-find", "+rsvp", "+suggestion", "+get"} {
+	for _, want := range []string{"+agenda", "+create", "+update", "+freebusy", "+room-find", "+rsvp", "+suggestion"} {
 		if !names[want] {
 			t.Errorf("missing shortcut %s", want)
 		}
@@ -3178,193 +3108,3 @@ func TestSuggestion_RejectsDangerousTimezone_Typed(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("param=%q, want --timezone", ve.Param)
 	}
 }
-
-// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// CalendarGet tests
-// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-func TestGet_Success_FlattensAndConvertsTimes(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "GET",
-		URL:    "/open-apis/calendar/v4/calendars/cal_test123/events/evt_001",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 0, "msg": "success",
-			"data": map[string]interface{}{
-				"event": map[string]interface{}{
-					"event_id":    "evt_001",
-					"summary":     "Daily Sync",
-					"create_time": "1602504000",
-					"start_time": map[string]interface{}{
-						"timestamp": "1742515200",
-						"timezone":  "Asia/Shanghai",
-					},
-					"end_time": map[string]interface{}{
-						"timestamp": "1742518800",
-						"timezone":  "Asia/Shanghai",
-					},
-					"status": "confirmed",
-				},
-			},
-		},
-	})
-
-	err := mountAndRun(t, CalendarGet, []string{
-		"+get",
-		"--calendar-id", "cal_test123",
-		"--event-id", "evt_001",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	out := stdout.String()
-	// Expect flattened — fields appear directly under "data", not under "data.event"
-	if strings.Contains(out, "\"event\": {") {
-		t.Errorf("payload should be flattened (no event wrapper), got: %s", out)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "\"event_id\": \"evt_001\"") {
-		t.Errorf("expected event_id in output, got: %s", out)
-	}
-	// status=confirmed should be dropped
-	if strings.Contains(out, "\"status\": \"confirmed\"") {
-		t.Errorf("status should be dropped when not cancelled, got: %s", out)
-	}
-	// timestamp must be replaced with datetime
-	if strings.Contains(out, "\"timestamp\":") {
-		t.Errorf("timestamp should be replaced with datetime, got: %s", out)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "\"datetime\":") {
-		t.Errorf("expected datetime in output, got: %s", out)
-	}
-	// create_time must be RFC3339 (contain 'T' and timezone)
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "\"create_time\": \"2020-10-12T") {
-		t.Errorf("expected RFC3339 create_time, got: %s", out)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestGet_CancelledStatus_PreservesStatus(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "GET",
-		URL:    "/open-apis/calendar/v4/calendars/cal_test123/events/evt_002",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 0, "msg": "success",
-			"data": map[string]interface{}{
-				"event": map[string]interface{}{
-					"event_id":    "evt_002",
-					"summary":     "Cancelled Meeting",
-					"create_time": "1602504000",
-					"start_time":  map[string]interface{}{"timestamp": "1742515200"},
-					"end_time":    map[string]interface{}{"timestamp": "1742518800"},
-					"status":      "cancelled",
-				},
-			},
-		},
-	})
-
-	err := mountAndRun(t, CalendarGet, []string{
-		"+get",
-		"--calendar-id", "cal_test123",
-		"--event-id", "evt_002",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	out := stdout.String()
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "\"status\": \"cancelled\"") {
-		t.Errorf("status should be preserved when cancelled, got: %s", out)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestGet_AllDayEvent_AdjustsEndDate(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-
-	// All-day event: start 2025-03-21, end 2025-03-22 (exclusive in API).
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "GET",
-		URL:    "/open-apis/calendar/v4/calendars/cal_test123/events/evt_003",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 0, "msg": "success",
-			"data": map[string]interface{}{
-				"event": map[string]interface{}{
-					"event_id":   "evt_003",
-					"summary":    "All-day",
-					"start_time": map[string]interface{}{"date": "2025-03-21"},
-					"end_time":   map[string]interface{}{"date": "2025-03-22"},
-					"status":     "confirmed",
-				},
-			},
-		},
-	})
-
-	err := mountAndRun(t, CalendarGet, []string{
-		"+get",
-		"--calendar-id", "cal_test123",
-		"--event-id", "evt_003",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	out := stdout.String()
-	// end date 2025-03-22 should rewind by 1s -> 2025-03-21
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "\"date\": \"2025-03-21\"") {
-		t.Errorf("expected end date adjusted to 2025-03-21, got: %s", out)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestGet_EmptyEventID_Typed(t *testing.T) {
-	f, _, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-	err := mountAndRun(t, CalendarGet, []string{
-		"+get",
-		"--event-id", "   ",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, nil)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("want error for empty event-id")
-	}
-	var ve *errs.ValidationError
-	if !errors.As(err, &ve) {
-		t.Fatalf("want *errs.ValidationError, got %T", err)
-	}
-	if ve.Param != "--event-id" {
-		t.Errorf("param=%q, want --event-id", ve.Param)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestGet_MissingEventField_TypedInternal(t *testing.T) {
-	f, _, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "GET",
-		URL:    "/open-apis/calendar/v4/calendars/cal_test123/events/evt_404",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 0, "msg": "success",
-			"data": map[string]interface{}{},
-		},
-	})
-
-	err := mountAndRun(t, CalendarGet, []string{
-		"+get",
-		"--calendar-id", "cal_test123",
-		"--event-id", "evt_404",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, nil)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("want error when event field is missing")
-	}
-	var ie *errs.InternalError
-	if !errors.As(err, &ie) {
-		t.Fatalf("want *errs.InternalError, got %T", err)
-	}
-	if ie.Subtype != errs.SubtypeInvalidResponse {
-		t.Errorf("subtype=%q, want invalid_response", ie.Subtype)
-	}
-}

shortcuts/calendar/shortcuts.go

@@ -17,6 +17,5 @@ func Shortcuts() []common.Shortcut {
 		CalendarSuggestion,
 		CalendarMeeting,
 		CalendarSearchEvent,
-		CalendarGet,
 	}
 }

shortcuts/common/runner.go

@@ -1068,7 +1068,7 @@ func resolveInputFlags(rctx *RuntimeContext, flags []Flag) error {
 			if rctx.stdinConsumed {
 				return ValidationErrorf("--%s: stdin (-) can only be used by one flag", fl.Name).
 					WithParam("--"+fl.Name).
-					WithHint("a process has a single stdin, so only one flag per call may use '-'; pass the others as @file (e.g. --%s @/path/to/file)", fl.Name)
+					WithHint("a process has a single stdin, so only one flag per call may use '-'; pass the others inline or as @file with a relative path under the current directory (e.g. --%s @./payload.json)", fl.Name)
 			}
 			rctx.stdinConsumed = true
 			data, err := io.ReadAll(rctx.IO().In)
@@ -1102,9 +1102,16 @@ func resolveInputFlags(rctx *RuntimeContext, flags []Flag) error {
 			}
 			data, err := cmdutil.ReadInputFile(rctx.FileIO(), path)
 			if err != nil {
-				return ValidationErrorf("--%s: %v", fl.Name, err).
+				verr := ValidationErrorf("--%s: %v", fl.Name, err).
 					WithParam("--" + fl.Name).
 					WithCause(err)
+				if slices.Contains(fl.Input, Stdin) {
+					// Rejected @file paths are usually absolute (temp files under
+					// /tmp). Steer toward stdin rather than cd / copying the file
+					// into the project tree.
+					verr = verr.WithHint("this flag also reads stdin: --%s - < %s", fl.Name, path)
+				}
+				return verr
 			}
 			// strip a leading UTF-8 BOM so it
 			// can't corrupt the first CSV cell or break JSON parsing downstream.

shortcuts/common/runner_input_test.go

@@ -227,6 +227,35 @@ func TestResolveInputFlags_DuplicateStdin(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestResolveInputFlags_FileErrorSuggestsStdin pins the recovery hint when
+// an @file path is rejected (typically an absolute /tmp path): flags that
+// also accept stdin must point at `--flag - < path` — never at cd'ing into
+// the target directory or copying the file into the project tree.
+func TestResolveInputFlags_FileErrorSuggestsStdin(t *testing.T) {
+	rctx := newTestRuntimeWithStdin(map[string]string{"csv": "@/tmp/does-not-exist.csv"}, "")
+	flags := []Flag{{Name: "csv", Input: []string{File, Stdin}}}
+
+	err := resolveInputFlags(rctx, flags)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error for rejected @file path")
+	}
+	vErr := assertValidationParam(t, err, "--csv")
+	if !strings.Contains(vErr.Hint, "--csv - < /tmp/does-not-exist.csv") {
+		t.Errorf("hint %q should show the stdin form of the same call", vErr.Hint)
+	}
+
+	// A flag without stdin support must not get the stdin hint.
+	rctx = newTestRuntimeWithStdin(map[string]string{"file": "@/tmp/does-not-exist.xlsx"}, "")
+	err = resolveInputFlags(rctx, []Flag{{Name: "file", Input: []string{File}}})
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error for rejected @file path")
+	}
+	vErr = assertValidationParam(t, err, "--file")
+	if strings.Contains(vErr.Hint, "stdin") {
+		t.Errorf("hint %q must not suggest stdin for a file-only flag", vErr.Hint)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestStripUTF8BOM(t *testing.T) {
 	cases := []struct{ name, in, want string }{
 		{"leading BOM removed", "\uFEFFhello", "hello"},

shortcuts/doc/docs_history.go

@@ -1,261 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package doc
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"net/http"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/validate"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
-)
-
-type docsHistoryListSpec struct {
-	Doc       documentRef
-	PageSize  int
-	PageToken string
-}
-
-type docsHistoryRevertSpec struct {
-	Doc              documentRef
-	HistoryVersionID string
-	WaitTimeoutMs    int
-}
-
-type docsHistoryRevertStatusSpec struct {
-	Doc    documentRef
-	TaskID string
-}
-
-func parseDocsHistoryDocRef(raw, shortcut string) (documentRef, error) {
-	ref, err := parseDocumentRef(raw)
-	if err != nil {
-		return documentRef{}, err
-	}
-	if ref.Kind == "doc" {
-		return documentRef{}, errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "docs %s only supports docx documents; use a docx token/URL or a wiki URL that resolves to docx", shortcut).WithParam("--doc")
-	}
-	return ref, nil
-}
-
-func validateDocsHistoryPageSize(pageSize int) error {
-	if pageSize < 1 || pageSize > 20 {
-		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "invalid --page-size %d: must be between 1 and 20", pageSize).WithParam("--page-size")
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func validateDocsHistoryVersionID(historyVersionID string) error {
-	version, err := strconv.ParseInt(strings.TrimSpace(historyVersionID), 10, 64)
-	if err != nil {
-		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "--history-version-id must be a positive integer string returned by docs +history-list").WithParam("--history-version-id").WithCause(err)
-	}
-	if version <= 0 {
-		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "--history-version-id must be a positive integer string returned by docs +history-list").WithParam("--history-version-id")
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func validateDocsHistoryWaitTimeout(timeoutMs int) error {
-	if timeoutMs < 0 || timeoutMs > 30000 {
-		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "invalid --wait-timeout-ms %d: must be between 0 and 30000", timeoutMs).WithParam("--wait-timeout-ms")
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func docsHistoryListParams(spec docsHistoryListSpec) map[string]interface{} {
-	params := map[string]interface{}{
-		"page_size": spec.PageSize,
-	}
-	if spec.PageToken != "" {
-		params["page_token"] = spec.PageToken
-	}
-	return params
-}
-
-func docsHistoryRevertBody(spec docsHistoryRevertSpec) map[string]interface{} {
-	return map[string]interface{}{
-		"history_version_id": spec.HistoryVersionID,
-		"wait_timeout_ms":    spec.WaitTimeoutMs,
-	}
-}
-
-func docsHistoryStatusParams(spec docsHistoryRevertStatusSpec) map[string]interface{} {
-	return map[string]interface{}{
-		"task_id": spec.TaskID,
-	}
-}
-
-func docsHistoryAPIPath(docToken, suffix string) string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/docs_ai/v1/documents/%s/%s", validate.EncodePathSegment(docToken), suffix)
-}
-
-var DocsHistoryList = common.Shortcut{
-	Service:     "docs",
-	Command:     "+history-list",
-	Description: "List Lark document history versions",
-	Risk:        "read",
-	Scopes:      []string{"docx:document:readonly"},
-	AuthTypes:   []string{"user", "bot"},
-	PostMount:   installDocsShortcutHelp("+history-list"),
-	Flags: []common.Flag{
-		{Name: "doc", Desc: "document URL or token", Required: true},
-		{Name: "page-size", Type: "int", Default: "20", Desc: "history entries to return, range 1-20"},
-		{Name: "page-token", Desc: "pagination token from the previous page's page_token"},
-	},
-	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-		if _, err := parseDocsHistoryDocRef(runtime.Str("doc"), "+history-list"); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		return validateDocsHistoryPageSize(runtime.Int("page-size"))
-	},
-	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
-		ref, _ := parseDocsHistoryDocRef(runtime.Str("doc"), "+history-list")
-		spec := docsHistoryListSpec{
-			Doc:       ref,
-			PageSize:  runtime.Int("page-size"),
-			PageToken: strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("page-token")),
-		}
-		return common.NewDryRunAPI().
-			Desc("OpenAPI: list document history versions").
-			GET("/open-apis/docs_ai/v1/documents/:document_id/histories").
-			Set("document_id", spec.Doc.Token).
-			Params(docsHistoryListParams(spec))
-	},
-	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-		ref, _ := parseDocsHistoryDocRef(runtime.Str("doc"), "+history-list")
-		spec := docsHistoryListSpec{
-			Doc:       ref,
-			PageSize:  runtime.Int("page-size"),
-			PageToken: strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("page-token")),
-		}
-
-		data, err := runtime.CallAPITyped(
-			http.MethodGet,
-			docsHistoryAPIPath(spec.Doc.Token, "histories"),
-			docsHistoryListParams(spec),
-			nil,
-		)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		runtime.OutRaw(data, nil)
-		return nil
-	},
-}
-
-var DocsHistoryRevert = common.Shortcut{
-	Service:     "docs",
-	Command:     "+history-revert",
-	Description: "Revert a Lark document to a historical version",
-	Risk:        "write",
-	Scopes:      []string{"docx:document:write_only", "docx:document:readonly"},
-	AuthTypes:   []string{"user", "bot"},
-	PostMount:   installDocsShortcutHelp("+history-revert"),
-	Flags: []common.Flag{
-		{Name: "doc", Desc: "document URL or token", Required: true},
-		{Name: "history-version-id", Desc: "history_version_id from docs +history-list to revert to", Required: true},
-		{Name: "wait-timeout-ms", Type: "int", Default: "30000", Desc: "milliseconds to wait for revert completion before returning, range 0-30000"},
-	},
-	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-		if _, err := parseDocsHistoryDocRef(runtime.Str("doc"), "+history-revert"); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		if err := validateDocsHistoryVersionID(runtime.Str("history-version-id")); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		return validateDocsHistoryWaitTimeout(runtime.Int("wait-timeout-ms"))
-	},
-	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
-		ref, _ := parseDocsHistoryDocRef(runtime.Str("doc"), "+history-revert")
-		spec := docsHistoryRevertSpec{
-			Doc:              ref,
-			HistoryVersionID: strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("history-version-id")),
-			WaitTimeoutMs:    runtime.Int("wait-timeout-ms"),
-		}
-		return common.NewDryRunAPI().
-			Desc("OpenAPI: revert document history").
-			POST("/open-apis/docs_ai/v1/documents/:document_id/history/revert").
-			Set("document_id", spec.Doc.Token).
-			Body(docsHistoryRevertBody(spec))
-	},
-	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-		ref, _ := parseDocsHistoryDocRef(runtime.Str("doc"), "+history-revert")
-		spec := docsHistoryRevertSpec{
-			Doc:              ref,
-			HistoryVersionID: strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("history-version-id")),
-			WaitTimeoutMs:    runtime.Int("wait-timeout-ms"),
-		}
-
-		data, err := runtime.CallAPITyped(
-			http.MethodPost,
-			docsHistoryAPIPath(spec.Doc.Token, "history/revert"),
-			nil,
-			docsHistoryRevertBody(spec),
-		)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		runtime.OutRaw(data, nil)
-		return nil
-	},
-}
-
-var DocsHistoryRevertStatus = common.Shortcut{
-	Service:     "docs",
-	Command:     "+history-revert-status",
-	Description: "Get Lark document history revert task status",
-	Risk:        "read",
-	Scopes:      []string{"docx:document:readonly"},
-	AuthTypes:   []string{"user", "bot"},
-	PostMount:   installDocsShortcutHelp("+history-revert-status"),
-	Flags: []common.Flag{
-		{Name: "doc", Desc: "document URL or token", Required: true},
-		{Name: "task-id", Desc: "task_id returned by docs +history-revert", Required: true},
-	},
-	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-		if _, err := parseDocsHistoryDocRef(runtime.Str("doc"), "+history-revert-status"); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		if strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("task-id")) == "" {
-			return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument, "--task-id is required").WithParam("--task-id")
-		}
-		return nil
-	},
-	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
-		ref, _ := parseDocsHistoryDocRef(runtime.Str("doc"), "+history-revert-status")
-		spec := docsHistoryRevertStatusSpec{
-			Doc:    ref,
-			TaskID: strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("task-id")),
-		}
-		return common.NewDryRunAPI().
-			Desc("OpenAPI: get document history revert status").
-			GET("/open-apis/docs_ai/v1/documents/:document_id/history/revert_status").
-			Set("document_id", spec.Doc.Token).
-			Params(docsHistoryStatusParams(spec))
-	},
-	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-		ref, _ := parseDocsHistoryDocRef(runtime.Str("doc"), "+history-revert-status")
-		spec := docsHistoryRevertStatusSpec{
-			Doc:    ref,
-			TaskID: strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("task-id")),
-		}
-
-		data, err := runtime.CallAPITyped(
-			http.MethodGet,
-			docsHistoryAPIPath(spec.Doc.Token, "history/revert_status"),
-			docsHistoryStatusParams(spec),
-			nil,
-		)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		runtime.OutRaw(data, nil)
-		return nil
-	},
-}

shortcuts/doc/docs_history_test.go

@@ -1,340 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package doc
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/cmdutil"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/httpmock"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-)
-
-func TestDocsHistoryValidation(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	tests := []struct {
-		name      string
-		shortcut  common.Shortcut
-		args      []string
-		param     string
-		category  errs.Category
-		subtype   errs.Subtype
-		wantCause bool
-	}{
-		{
-			name:     "list rejects legacy doc URL",
-			shortcut: DocsHistoryList,
-			args:     []string{"+history-list", "--doc", "https://example.feishu.cn/doc/old_doc", "--as", "bot"},
-			param:    "--doc",
-			category: errs.CategoryValidation,
-			subtype:  errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument,
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "list rejects invalid page size",
-			shortcut: DocsHistoryList,
-			args:     []string{"+history-list", "--doc", "doxcnHistory", "--page-size", "0", "--as", "bot"},
-			param:    "--page-size",
-			category: errs.CategoryValidation,
-			subtype:  errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument,
-		},
-		{
-			name:      "revert rejects non-numeric history version id",
-			shortcut:  DocsHistoryRevert,
-			args:      []string{"+history-revert", "--doc", "doxcnHistory", "--history-version-id", "abc", "--as", "bot"},
-			param:     "--history-version-id",
-			category:  errs.CategoryValidation,
-			subtype:   errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument,
-			wantCause: true,
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "revert rejects non-positive history version id",
-			shortcut: DocsHistoryRevert,
-			args:     []string{"+history-revert", "--doc", "doxcnHistory", "--history-version-id", "0", "--as", "bot"},
-			param:    "--history-version-id",
-			category: errs.CategoryValidation,
-			subtype:  errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument,
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "revert rejects invalid wait timeout",
-			shortcut: DocsHistoryRevert,
-			args:     []string{"+history-revert", "--doc", "doxcnHistory", "--history-version-id", "10", "--wait-timeout-ms", "30001", "--as", "bot"},
-			param:    "--wait-timeout-ms",
-			category: errs.CategoryValidation,
-			subtype:  errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument,
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "status rejects empty task id",
-			shortcut: DocsHistoryRevertStatus,
-			args:     []string{"+history-revert-status", "--doc", "doxcnHistory", "--task-id", "", "--as", "bot"},
-			param:    "--task-id",
-			category: errs.CategoryValidation,
-			subtype:  errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument,
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			f, stdout, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, docsTestConfigWithAppID("docs-history-validation"))
-			err := mountAndRunDocs(t, tt.shortcut, tt.args, f, stdout)
-			if err == nil {
-				t.Fatal("expected validation error, got nil")
-			}
-			problem, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-			if !ok {
-				t.Fatalf("error is not typed: %T %v", err, err)
-			}
-			if problem.Category != tt.category {
-				t.Fatalf("category = %q, want %q (err: %v)", problem.Category, tt.category, err)
-			}
-			if problem.Subtype != tt.subtype {
-				t.Fatalf("subtype = %q, want %q (err: %v)", problem.Subtype, tt.subtype, err)
-			}
-			var validationErr *errs.ValidationError
-			if !errors.As(err, &validationErr) {
-				t.Fatalf("expected validation error, got %T: %v", err, err)
-			}
-			if validationErr.Param != tt.param {
-				t.Fatalf("param = %q, want %q (err: %v)", validationErr.Param, tt.param, err)
-			}
-			if tt.wantCause && errors.Unwrap(err) == nil {
-				t.Fatalf("expected wrapped cause, got nil (err: %v)", err)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDocsHistoryDryRun(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	listCmd := newDocsHistoryRuntimeCmd(t, DocsHistoryList, map[string]string{
-		"doc":        "doxcnHistoryDryRun",
-		"page-size":  "5",
-		"page-token": "page_token_1",
-	})
-	listDry := decodeDocDryRun(t, DocsHistoryList.DryRun(context.Background(), common.TestNewRuntimeContext(listCmd, nil)))
-	if got, want := listDry.API[0].URL, "/open-apis/docs_ai/v1/documents/doxcnHistoryDryRun/histories"; got != want {
-		t.Fatalf("list dry-run URL = %q, want %q", got, want)
-	}
-	if got := int(listDry.API[0].Params["page_size"].(float64)); got != 5 {
-		t.Fatalf("list page_size = %d, want 5", got)
-	}
-	if got := listDry.API[0].Params["page_token"]; got != "page_token_1" {
-		t.Fatalf("list page_token = %#v, want page_token_1", got)
-	}
-
-	revertCmd := newDocsHistoryRuntimeCmd(t, DocsHistoryRevert, map[string]string{
-		"doc":                "doxcnHistoryDryRun",
-		"history-version-id": "42",
-		"wait-timeout-ms":    "30000",
-	})
-	revertDry := decodeDocDryRun(t, DocsHistoryRevert.DryRun(context.Background(), common.TestNewRuntimeContext(revertCmd, nil)))
-	if got, want := revertDry.API[0].URL, "/open-apis/docs_ai/v1/documents/doxcnHistoryDryRun/history/revert"; got != want {
-		t.Fatalf("revert dry-run URL = %q, want %q", got, want)
-	}
-	if got := revertDry.API[0].Body["history_version_id"]; got != "42" {
-		t.Fatalf("revert history_version_id = %#v, want 42", got)
-	}
-	if got := int(revertDry.API[0].Body["wait_timeout_ms"].(float64)); got != 30000 {
-		t.Fatalf("revert wait_timeout_ms = %d, want 30000", got)
-	}
-
-	statusCmd := newDocsHistoryRuntimeCmd(t, DocsHistoryRevertStatus, map[string]string{
-		"doc":     "doxcnHistoryDryRun",
-		"task-id": "task_1",
-	})
-	statusDry := decodeDocDryRun(t, DocsHistoryRevertStatus.DryRun(context.Background(), common.TestNewRuntimeContext(statusCmd, nil)))
-	if got, want := statusDry.API[0].URL, "/open-apis/docs_ai/v1/documents/doxcnHistoryDryRun/history/revert_status"; got != want {
-		t.Fatalf("status dry-run URL = %q, want %q", got, want)
-	}
-	if got := statusDry.API[0].Params["task_id"]; got != "task_1" {
-		t.Fatalf("status task_id = %#v, want task_1", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDocsHistoryExecuteList(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, docsTestConfigWithAppID("docs-history-list"))
-	stub := &httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "GET",
-		URL:    "/open-apis/docs_ai/v1/documents/doxcnHistory/histories",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 0,
-			"msg":  "ok",
-			"data": map[string]interface{}{
-				"entries": []interface{}{
-					map[string]interface{}{
-						"revision_id":        float64(42),
-						"history_version_id": "11",
-						"edit_time":          "1780000000",
-						"type":               float64(1),
-						"editor_ids":         []interface{}{"ou_1"},
-					},
-				},
-				"has_more":   true,
-				"page_token": "page_token_2",
-			},
-		},
-	}
-	reg.Register(stub)
-
-	err := mountAndRunDocs(t, DocsHistoryList, []string{
-		"+history-list",
-		"--doc", "doxcnHistory",
-		"--page-size", "5",
-		"--page-token", "page_token_1",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	data := decodeDocsHistoryEnvelope(t, stdout)
-	if got := data["page_token"]; got != "page_token_2" {
-		t.Fatalf("page_token = %#v, want page_token_2", got)
-	}
-	entries, _ := data["entries"].([]interface{})
-	if len(entries) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("entries = %#v, want one entry", data["entries"])
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDocsHistoryExecuteRevert(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, docsTestConfigWithAppID("docs-history-revert"))
-	stub := &httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "POST",
-		URL:    "/open-apis/docs_ai/v1/documents/doxcnHistory/history/revert",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 0,
-			"msg":  "ok",
-			"data": map[string]interface{}{
-				"task_id":            "task_1",
-				"status":             "running",
-				"history_version_id": "42",
-				"poll_after_ms":      float64(10000),
-			},
-		},
-	}
-	reg.Register(stub)
-
-	err := mountAndRunDocs(t, DocsHistoryRevert, []string{
-		"+history-revert",
-		"--doc", "doxcnHistory",
-		"--history-version-id", "42",
-		"--wait-timeout-ms", "0",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	var body map[string]interface{}
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(stub.CapturedBody, &body); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("decode revert body: %v\nraw=%s", err, stub.CapturedBody)
-	}
-	if got := body["history_version_id"]; got != "42" {
-		t.Fatalf("history_version_id = %#v, want 42", got)
-	}
-	if got := int(body["wait_timeout_ms"].(float64)); got != 0 {
-		t.Fatalf("wait_timeout_ms = %d, want 0", got)
-	}
-
-	data := decodeDocsHistoryEnvelope(t, stdout)
-	if got := data["task_id"]; got != "task_1" {
-		t.Fatalf("task_id = %#v, want task_1", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDocsHistoryExecuteRevertStatus(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, docsTestConfigWithAppID("docs-history-status"))
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "GET",
-		URL:    "/open-apis/docs_ai/v1/documents/doxcnHistory/history/revert_status",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 0,
-			"msg":  "ok",
-			"data": map[string]interface{}{
-				"status":              "partial_failed",
-				"history_version_id":  "11",
-				"failed_block_tokens": []interface{}{"blk_1"},
-			},
-		},
-	})
-
-	err := mountAndRunDocs(t, DocsHistoryRevertStatus, []string{
-		"+history-revert-status",
-		"--doc", "doxcnHistory",
-		"--task-id", "task_1",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	data := decodeDocsHistoryEnvelope(t, stdout)
-	if got := data["status"]; got != "partial_failed" {
-		t.Fatalf("status = %#v, want partial_failed", got)
-	}
-	if got := data["history_version_id"]; got != "11" {
-		t.Fatalf("history_version_id = %#v, want 11", got)
-	}
-	failed, _ := data["failed_block_tokens"].([]interface{})
-	if len(failed) != 1 || failed[0] != "blk_1" {
-		t.Fatalf("failed_block_tokens = %#v, want [blk_1]", data["failed_block_tokens"])
-	}
-}
-
-func newDocsHistoryRuntimeCmd(t *testing.T, shortcut common.Shortcut, values map[string]string) *cobra.Command {
-	t.Helper()
-
-	cmd := &cobra.Command{Use: shortcut.Command}
-	for _, flag := range shortcut.Flags {
-		switch flag.Type {
-		case "int":
-			cmd.Flags().Int(flag.Name, 0, flag.Desc)
-		default:
-			cmd.Flags().String(flag.Name, flag.Default, flag.Desc)
-		}
-	}
-	for name, value := range values {
-		if err := cmd.Flags().Set(name, value); err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("set --%s: %v", name, err)
-		}
-	}
-	return cmd
-}
-
-func decodeDocsHistoryEnvelope(t *testing.T, stdout *bytes.Buffer) map[string]interface{} {
-	t.Helper()
-
-	var envelope map[string]interface{}
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(stdout.Bytes(), &envelope); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("decode envelope: %v\nraw=%s", err, stdout.String())
-	}
-	data, _ := envelope["data"].(map[string]interface{})
-	if data == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("missing data in envelope: %#v", envelope)
-	}
-	return data
-}
-
-func TestDocsHistoryURLValidationMessage(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	_, err := parseDocsHistoryDocRef("https://example.feishu.cn/doc/old_doc", "+history-list")
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected error")
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "only supports docx documents") {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-}

shortcuts/doc/shortcuts.go

@@ -31,8 +31,6 @@ func docsSkillReadCommandForShortcut(shortcut string) string {
 		return docsSkillReadCommand + " references/lark-doc-fetch.md"
 	case "update":
 		return docsSkillReadCommand + " references/lark-doc-update.md"
-	case "history-list", "history-revert", "history-revert-status":
-		return docsSkillReadCommand + " references/lark-doc-history.md"
 	default:
 		return docsSkillReadCommand
 	}
@@ -46,12 +44,6 @@ func docsHelpCommandForShortcut(shortcut string) string {
 		return "lark-cli docs +fetch --help"
 	case "update":
 		return "lark-cli docs +update --help"
-	case "history-list":
-		return "lark-cli docs +history-list --help"
-	case "history-revert":
-		return "lark-cli docs +history-revert --help"
-	case "history-revert-status":
-		return "lark-cli docs +history-revert-status --help"
 	default:
 		return "lark-cli docs --help"
 	}
@@ -64,9 +56,6 @@ func Shortcuts() []common.Shortcut {
 		DocsCreate,
 		DocsFetch,
 		DocsUpdate,
-		DocsHistoryList,
-		DocsHistoryRevert,
-		DocsHistoryRevertStatus,
 		DocMediaInsert,
 		DocMediaUpload,
 		DocMediaPreview,

shortcuts/drive/drive_import_common.go

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"path/filepath"
-	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -29,8 +28,6 @@ const (
 	driveImport500MBFileSizeLimit int64 = 500 * 1024 * 1024
 	driveImport600MBFileSizeLimit int64 = 600 * 1024 * 1024
 	driveImport800MBFileSizeLimit int64 = 800 * 1024 * 1024
-
-	driveImportConcurrentOperationHint = "This import conflict means another operation is running in the same Drive location. Run batch imports to the same folder/root or target bitable serially. Wait a few seconds before retrying each failed import; retry each failed item at most 3 times, then stop and report the conflict."
 )
 
 // driveImportExtToDocTypes defines which source file extensions can be imported
@@ -50,8 +47,6 @@ var driveImportExtToDocTypes = map[string][]string{
 	"pptx":     {"slides"},
 }
 
-var driveImportConcurrentOperationCodes = []int{232140101, 232140100, 233523001}
-
 // driveImportSpec contains the user-facing import inputs after normalization.
 type driveImportSpec struct {
 	FilePath    string
@@ -432,7 +427,11 @@ func pollDriveImportTask(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, ticket string) (driveIm
 			return status, true, nil
 		}
 		if status.Failed() {
-			return status, false, driveImportFailureError(status)
+			msg := strings.TrimSpace(status.JobErrorMsg)
+			if msg == "" {
+				msg = status.StatusLabel()
+			}
+			return status, false, errs.NewAPIError(errs.SubtypeServerError, "import failed with status %d: %s", status.JobStatus, msg)
 		}
 	}
 	if !hadSuccessfulPoll && lastErr != nil {
@@ -441,40 +440,3 @@ func pollDriveImportTask(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, ticket string) (driveIm
 
 	return lastStatus, false, nil
 }
-
-func driveImportFailureError(status driveImportStatus) *errs.APIError {
-	msg := strings.TrimSpace(status.JobErrorMsg)
-	if msg == "" {
-		msg = status.StatusLabel()
-	}
-
-	apiErr := errs.NewAPIError(errs.SubtypeServerError, "import failed with status %d: %s", status.JobStatus, msg)
-	if code, ok := driveImportConcurrentOperationCode(msg); ok {
-		apiErr = apiErr.WithCode(code).WithRetryable().WithHint(driveImportConcurrentOperationHint)
-	}
-	return apiErr
-}
-
-func driveImportConcurrentOperationCode(msg string) (int, bool) {
-	for _, code := range driveImportConcurrentOperationCodes {
-		codeText := strconv.Itoa(code)
-		for idx := strings.Index(msg, codeText); idx >= 0; {
-			end := idx + len(codeText)
-			if (idx == 0 || !isASCIIDigit(msg[idx-1])) && (end == len(msg) || !isASCIIDigit(msg[end])) {
-				return code, true
-			}
-
-			nextStart := idx + 1
-			next := strings.Index(msg[nextStart:], codeText)
-			if next < 0 {
-				break
-			}
-			idx = nextStart + next
-		}
-	}
-	return 0, false
-}
-
-func isASCIIDigit(ch byte) bool {
-	return ch >= '0' && ch <= '9'
-}

shortcuts/drive/drive_import_common_test.go

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"errors"
 	"os"
-	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -212,82 +211,6 @@ func TestDriveImportStatusPendingWithoutToken(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestDriveImportFailureErrorAddsConcurrentOperationGuidance(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	for _, code := range driveImportConcurrentOperationCodes {
-		t.Run(strconv.Itoa(code), func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			err := driveImportFailureError(driveImportStatus{
-				JobStatus:   3,
-				JobErrorMsg: "call CreateObjNode return error code, code: " + strconv.Itoa(code) + ", message:",
-			})
-			problem, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-			if !ok {
-				t.Fatalf("expected typed error, got %T", err)
-			}
-			if problem.Category != errs.CategoryAPI {
-				t.Fatalf("category = %q, want %q", problem.Category, errs.CategoryAPI)
-			}
-			if problem.Subtype != errs.SubtypeServerError {
-				t.Fatalf("subtype = %q, want %q", problem.Subtype, errs.SubtypeServerError)
-			}
-			if problem.Code != code {
-				t.Fatalf("code = %d, want %d", problem.Code, code)
-			}
-			if !problem.Retryable {
-				t.Fatal("expected retryable error")
-			}
-			if problem.Hint != driveImportConcurrentOperationHint {
-				t.Fatalf("hint = %q, want %q", problem.Hint, driveImportConcurrentOperationHint)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDriveImportFailureErrorLeavesOtherFailuresUnchanged(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	tests := []struct {
-		name string
-		msg  string
-	}{
-		{
-			name: "ordinary failure",
-			msg:  "unsupported conversion",
-		},
-		{
-			name: "longer numeric code containing known code",
-			msg:  "call CreateObjNode return error code, code: 12321401012, message:",
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			err := driveImportFailureError(driveImportStatus{
-				JobStatus:   3,
-				JobErrorMsg: tt.msg,
-			})
-			problem, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-			if !ok {
-				t.Fatalf("expected typed error, got %T", err)
-			}
-			if problem.Code != 0 {
-				t.Fatalf("code = %d, want 0", problem.Code)
-			}
-			if problem.Retryable {
-				t.Fatal("expected non-concurrency failure to remain non-retryable")
-			}
-			if problem.Hint != "" {
-				t.Fatalf("hint = %q, want empty", problem.Hint)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
 func TestDriveImportTimeoutReturnsFollowUpCommand(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())
 	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{

shortcuts/drive/drive_pull.go

@@ -184,7 +184,6 @@ var DrivePull = common.Shortcut{
 
 		var downloaded, skipped, failed, deletedLocal int
 		downloadFailed := 0
-		aborted := false
 		items := make([]drivePullItem, 0)
 
 		// Deterministic iteration order for output stability.
@@ -195,7 +194,7 @@ var DrivePull = common.Shortcut{
 		sort.Strings(downloadablePaths)
 
 		for _, rel := range downloadablePaths {
-			if aborted {
+			if drivePullHasTerminalFailure(items) {
 				break
 			}
 			targetFile := remoteFiles[rel]
@@ -233,7 +232,6 @@ var DrivePull = common.Shortcut{
 				failed++
 				downloadFailed++
 				if terminal {
-					aborted = true
 					fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +pull after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, err)
 					break
 				}
@@ -300,7 +298,7 @@ var DrivePull = common.Shortcut{
 				"skipped":       skipped,
 				"failed":        failed,
 				"deleted_local": deletedLocal,
-				"aborted":       aborted,
+				"aborted":       drivePullHasTerminalFailure(items),
 			},
 			"items": items,
 		}
@@ -349,6 +347,15 @@ func drivePullFailedItem(relPath, fileToken, sourceID, action, phase string, err
 	return item, decision.Terminal
 }
 
+func drivePullHasTerminalFailure(items []drivePullItem) bool {
+	for _, item := range items {
+		if driveTerminalBatchErrorClass(item.ErrorClass) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // drivePullDownload streams one Drive file into the local mirror target and
 // then best-effort aligns the local mtime to Drive's modified_time.
 func drivePullDownload(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, fileToken, target, remoteModifiedTime string) error {

shortcuts/drive/drive_push.go

@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ type drivePushItem struct {
 	Version    string `json:"version,omitempty"`
 	SizeBytes  int64  `json:"size_bytes,omitempty"`
 	Error      string `json:"error,omitempty"`
-	Hint       string `json:"hint,omitempty"`
 	Phase      string `json:"phase,omitempty"`
 	ErrorClass string `json:"error_class,omitempty"`
 	Code       int    `json:"code,omitempty"`
@@ -49,7 +48,6 @@ type driveBatchFailureDecision struct {
 	Subtype   string
 	Retryable bool
 	Terminal  bool
-	Hint      string
 }
 
 // DrivePush is a one-way, file-level mirror from a local directory onto a
@@ -242,7 +240,6 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{
 		// locally and now on Drive too), which is the worst-of-both-worlds
 		// outcome the review flagged.
 		uploadFailed := false
-		aborted := false
 
 		// folderCache holds rel_path → folder_token. Seeded from the remote
 		// listing (so we don't recreate folders that already exist) and
@@ -269,7 +266,6 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{
 				failed++
 				uploadFailed = true
 				if terminal {
-					aborted = true
 					fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +push after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, ensureErr)
 					break
 				}
@@ -288,7 +284,7 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{
 
 		for _, rel := range localPaths {
 			localFile := localFiles[rel]
-			if uploadFailed && aborted {
+			if uploadFailed && drivePushHasTerminalFailure(items) {
 				break
 			}
 
@@ -305,7 +301,6 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{
 					failed++
 					uploadFailed = true
 					if terminal {
-						aborted = true
 						fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +push after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, parentErr)
 						break
 					}
@@ -337,7 +332,6 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{
 					failed++
 					uploadFailed = true
 					if terminal {
-						aborted = true
 						fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +push after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, upErr)
 						break
 					}
@@ -356,7 +350,6 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{
 				failed++
 				uploadFailed = true
 				if terminal {
-					aborted = true
 					fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +push after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, ensureErr)
 					break
 				}
@@ -369,7 +362,6 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{
 				failed++
 				uploadFailed = true
 				if terminal {
-					aborted = true
 					fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +push after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, upErr)
 					break
 				}
@@ -415,15 +407,10 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{
 						continue
 					}
 					if err := drivePushDeleteFile(ctx, runtime, entry.FileToken); err != nil {
-						if drivePushIsAlreadyDeleted(err) {
-							items = append(items, drivePushItem{RelPath: rel, FileToken: entry.FileToken, Action: "already_deleted"})
-							continue
-						}
 						item, terminal := drivePushFailedItem(rel, entry.FileToken, "delete_failed", "delete", 0, err)
 						items = append(items, item)
 						failed++
 						if terminal {
-							aborted = true
 							fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +push after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, err)
 							abortDelete = true
 							break
@@ -442,7 +429,7 @@ var DrivePush = common.Shortcut{
 				"skipped":        skipped,
 				"failed":         failed,
 				"deleted_remote": deletedRemote,
-				"aborted":        aborted,
+				"aborted":        drivePushHasTerminalFailure(items),
 			},
 			"items": items,
 		}
@@ -580,7 +567,6 @@ func drivePushFailedItem(relPath, fileToken, action, phase string, sizeBytes int
 		Action:     action,
 		SizeBytes:  sizeBytes,
 		Error:      err.Error(),
-		Hint:       decision.Hint,
 		Phase:      phase,
 		ErrorClass: decision.Class,
 		Code:       decision.Code,
@@ -627,10 +613,6 @@ func driveClassifyBatchFailure(err error) driveBatchFailureDecision {
 		decision.Class = "file_size_limit"
 	case problem.Code == 1062009:
 		decision.Class = "upload_size_mismatch"
-	case problem.Code == 1061044:
-		decision.Class = "parent_node_missing"
-		decision.Terminal = true
-		decision.Hint = "The destination parent folder no longer exists or is not visible. Verify --folder-token, folder permissions, and whether a parent directory was deleted during push before retrying."
 	case problem.Subtype == errs.SubtypeNotFound || problem.Code == 1061007:
 		decision.Class = "remote_not_found"
 	case problem.Subtype == errs.SubtypeServerError || problem.Code == 1061001 || problem.Code == 2200:
@@ -644,9 +626,22 @@ func driveClassifyBatchFailure(err error) driveBatchFailureDecision {
 	return decision
 }
 
-func drivePushIsAlreadyDeleted(err error) bool {
-	problem, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-	return ok && problem.Code == 1061007
+func drivePushHasTerminalFailure(items []drivePushItem) bool {
+	for _, item := range items {
+		if driveTerminalBatchErrorClass(item.ErrorClass) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func driveTerminalBatchErrorClass(errorClass string) bool {
+	switch errorClass {
+	case "app_scope_missing", "user_scope_missing", "permission_denied", "invalid_api_parameters", "rate_limited", "server_error":
+		return true
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
 }
 
 func drivePushRemoteViews(entries []driveRemoteEntry, duplicateRemote string) (map[string]driveRemoteEntry, map[string]driveRemoteEntry, map[string][]driveRemoteEntry, error) {

shortcuts/drive/drive_push_test.go

@@ -732,65 +732,6 @@ func TestDrivePushDeleteRemoteAbortsAfterTerminalFailure(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestDrivePushDeleteRemoteTreatsAlreadyDeletedAsNoop(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())
-
-	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
-	withDriveWorkingDir(t, tmpDir)
-	if err := os.MkdirAll("local", 0o755); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("MkdirAll: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "GET",
-		URL:    "folder_token=folder_root",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 0, "msg": "ok",
-			"data": map[string]interface{}{
-				"files": []interface{}{
-					map[string]interface{}{"token": "tok_orphan", "name": "orphan.txt", "type": "file"},
-				},
-				"has_more": false,
-			},
-		},
-	})
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "DELETE",
-		URL:    "/open-apis/drive/v1/files/tok_orphan",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 1061007,
-			"msg":  "file has been delete.",
-		},
-	})
-
-	err := mountAndRunDrive(t, DrivePush, []string{
-		"+push",
-		"--local-dir", "local",
-		"--folder-token", "folder_root",
-		"--delete-remote",
-		"--yes",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("already-deleted remote should be an idempotent success, got: %v\nstdout: %s", err, stdout.String())
-	}
-
-	summary, items := splitDrivePushStdout(t, stdout.Bytes())
-	if got := summary["failed"]; got != float64(0) {
-		t.Fatalf("summary.failed = %v, want 0", got)
-	}
-	if got := summary["deleted_remote"]; got != float64(0) {
-		t.Fatalf("summary.deleted_remote = %v, want 0 because CLI did not delete it in this run", got)
-	}
-	if len(items) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("items len = %d, want 1; items=%#v", len(items), items)
-	}
-	item := items[0]
-	if item["action"] != "already_deleted" || item["file_token"] != "tok_orphan" {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected already-deleted item: %#v", item)
-	}
-}
-
 func TestDrivePushNewestOverwritesChosenDuplicateAndDeletesSibling(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())
 
@@ -1196,78 +1137,6 @@ func TestDrivePushAbortsAfterUploadParamsError(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestDrivePushAbortsAfterUploadParentNodeMissing(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())
-
-	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
-	withDriveWorkingDir(t, tmpDir)
-	if err := os.MkdirAll("local", 0o755); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("MkdirAll: %v", err)
-	}
-	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join("local", "a.txt"), []byte("A"), 0o644); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("WriteFile a: %v", err)
-	}
-	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join("local", "b.txt"), []byte("B"), 0o644); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("WriteFile b: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "GET",
-		URL:    "folder_token=folder_root",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 0, "msg": "ok",
-			"data": map[string]interface{}{"files": []interface{}{}, "has_more": false},
-		},
-	})
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "POST",
-		URL:    "/open-apis/drive/v1/files/upload_all",
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 1061044,
-			"msg":  "parent node not exist.",
-		},
-	})
-
-	err := mountAndRunDrive(t, DrivePush, []string{
-		"+push",
-		"--local-dir", "local",
-		"--folder-token", "folder_root",
-		"--as", "bot",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected partial failure, got nil\nstdout: %s", stdout.String())
-	}
-	var pfErr *output.PartialFailureError
-	if !errors.As(err, &pfErr) {
-		t.Fatalf("expected *output.PartialFailureError, got %T: %v", err, err)
-	}
-	summary, items := splitDrivePushStdout(t, stdout.Bytes())
-	if got := summary["failed"]; got != float64(1) {
-		t.Fatalf("summary.failed = %v, want 1", got)
-	}
-	if got := summary["aborted"]; got != true {
-		t.Fatalf("summary.aborted = %v, want true", got)
-	}
-	if len(items) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("items len = %d, want 1; items=%#v", len(items), items)
-	}
-	item := items[0]
-	if item["rel_path"] != "a.txt" || item["phase"] != "upload" || item["error_class"] != "parent_node_missing" {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected failed item: %#v", item)
-	}
-	if item["code"] != float64(1061044) || item["subtype"] != "not_found" || item["retryable"] != false {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected failure metadata: %#v", item)
-	}
-	if got, _ := item["hint"].(string); !strings.Contains(got, "--folder-token") || !strings.Contains(got, "parent") {
-		t.Fatalf("hint should point at the destination parent folder, got item=%#v", item)
-	}
-	for _, item := range items {
-		if item["rel_path"] == "b.txt" {
-			t.Fatalf("parent-node missing must abort before b.txt, got items=%#v", items)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 func TestDrivePushAbortsAfterCreateFolderMissingScope(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, driveTestConfig())
 

shortcuts/drive/drive_search.go

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ var DriveSearch = common.Shortcut{
 	AuthTypes:   []string{"user", "bot"},
 	HasFormat:   true,
 	Flags: []common.Flag{
-		{Name: "query", Desc: "search keyword (may be empty to browse by filter only); max 30 characters by Unicode code point (CJK counts 1 each), over 30 the server rejects with 99992402 field validation failed"},
+		{Name: "query", Desc: "search keyword (may be empty to browse by filter only)"},
 
 		{Name: "mine", Type: "bool", Desc: "restrict to docs I own (server-side owner semantic, NOT original creator; uses current user's open_id)"},
 		{Name: "creator-ids", Desc: "comma-separated owner open_ids (API field is creator_ids but matched by owner); mutually exclusive with --mine"},

shortcuts/drive/drive_sync.go

@@ -268,7 +268,6 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 
 		// --- Phase 2: Execute sync operations ---
 		var pulled, pushed, skipped, failed int
-		aborted := false
 		items := make([]driveSyncItem, 0)
 
 		// Build push infrastructure: local walk for push + remote views + folder cache.
@@ -287,21 +286,16 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 		// Mirror local directory structure first (same as +push), so
 		// empty local directories are not silently dropped.
 		for _, relDir := range localDirs {
-			if aborted {
+			if driveSyncHasTerminalFailure(items) {
 				break
 			}
 			if _, alreadyRemote := folderCache[relDir]; alreadyRemote {
 				continue
 			}
 			if _, ensureErr := drivePushEnsureFolder(ctx, runtime, folderToken, relDir, folderCache); ensureErr != nil {
-				item, terminal := driveSyncFailedItem(relDir, "", "failed", "push", "create_folder", ensureErr)
+				item, _ := driveSyncFailedItem(relDir, "", "failed", "push", "create_folder", ensureErr)
 				items = append(items, item)
 				failed++
-				if terminal {
-					aborted = true
-					fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +sync after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, ensureErr)
-					break
-				}
 				continue
 			}
 			items = append(items, driveSyncItem{RelPath: relDir, FileToken: folderCache[relDir], Action: "folder_created", Direction: "push"})
@@ -310,7 +304,7 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 
 		// 2a. Pull new_remote files.
 		for _, entry := range newRemote {
-			if aborted {
+			if driveSyncHasTerminalFailure(items) {
 				break
 			}
 			targetFile, ok := pullRemoteFiles[entry.RelPath]
@@ -324,7 +318,6 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 				items = append(items, item)
 				failed++
 				if terminal {
-					aborted = true
 					fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +sync after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, err)
 					break
 				}
@@ -336,7 +329,7 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 
 		// 2b. Push new_local files.
 		for _, entry := range newLocal {
-			if aborted {
+			if driveSyncHasTerminalFailure(items) {
 				break
 			}
 			localFile, ok := pushLocalFiles[entry.RelPath]
@@ -348,14 +341,9 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 			parentRel := drivePushParentRel(entry.RelPath)
 			parentToken, ensureErr := drivePushEnsureFolder(ctx, runtime, folderToken, parentRel, folderCache)
 			if ensureErr != nil {
-				item, terminal := driveSyncFailedItem(entry.RelPath, "", "failed", "push", "create_folder", ensureErr)
+				item, _ := driveSyncFailedItem(entry.RelPath, "", "failed", "push", "create_folder", ensureErr)
 				items = append(items, item)
 				failed++
-				if terminal {
-					aborted = true
-					fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +sync after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, ensureErr)
-					break
-				}
 				continue
 			}
 			token, _, upErr := drivePushUploadFile(ctx, runtime, localFile, "", parentToken)
@@ -364,7 +352,6 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 				items = append(items, item)
 				failed++
 				if terminal {
-					aborted = true
 					fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +sync after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, upErr)
 					break
 				}
@@ -376,7 +363,7 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 
 		// 2c. Resolve modified files by --on-conflict strategy.
 		for _, entry := range modified {
-			if aborted {
+			if driveSyncHasTerminalFailure(items) {
 				break
 			}
 			remoteFile := remoteFiles[entry.RelPath]
@@ -410,7 +397,6 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 					items = append(items, item)
 					failed++
 					if terminal {
-						aborted = true
 						fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +sync after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, err)
 						break
 					}
@@ -429,14 +415,9 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 				}
 				parentToken, parentErr := drivePushEnsureFolder(ctx, runtime, folderToken, drivePushParentRel(entry.RelPath), folderCache)
 				if parentErr != nil {
-					item, terminal := driveSyncFailedItem(entry.RelPath, existingToken, "failed", "push", "create_folder", parentErr)
+					item, _ := driveSyncFailedItem(entry.RelPath, existingToken, "failed", "push", "create_folder", parentErr)
 					items = append(items, item)
 					failed++
-					if terminal {
-						aborted = true
-						fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +sync after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, parentErr)
-						break
-					}
 					continue
 				}
 				token, _, upErr := drivePushUploadFile(ctx, runtime, localFile, existingToken, parentToken)
@@ -454,7 +435,6 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 					items = append(items, item)
 					failed++
 					if terminal {
-						aborted = true
 						fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +sync after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, upErr)
 						break
 					}
@@ -523,7 +503,6 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 					items = append(items, item)
 					failed++
 					if terminal {
-						aborted = true
 						fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "Aborting +sync after terminal %s failure: %v\n", item.Phase, downloadErr)
 						break
 					}
@@ -552,7 +531,7 @@ var DriveSync = common.Shortcut{
 				"pushed":  pushed,
 				"skipped": skipped,
 				"failed":  failed,
-				"aborted": aborted,
+				"aborted": driveSyncHasTerminalFailure(items),
 			},
 			"items": items,
 		}
@@ -598,6 +577,15 @@ func driveSyncFailedItem(relPath, fileToken, action, direction, phase string, er
 	return item, decision.Terminal
 }
 
+func driveSyncHasTerminalFailure(items []driveSyncItem) bool {
+	for _, item := range items {
+		if driveTerminalBatchErrorClass(item.ErrorClass) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // driveSyncAskConflict prompts the user for a conflict resolution strategy
 // for a single file. Returns the strategy string, or empty string if the
 // user chose to skip.

shortcuts/mail/helpers.go

@@ -51,8 +51,9 @@ func hintSendDraft(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, mailboxID, draftID string) {
 // original message as read after a reply/reply-all/forward operation.
 func hintMarkAsRead(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, mailboxID, originalMessageID string) {
 	fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut,
-		"tip: mark original as read? lark-cli mail +message-modify --mailbox '%s' --message-ids '%s' --remove-label-ids UNREAD\n",
-		shellQuoteForHint(mailboxID), shellQuoteForHint(originalMessageID))
+		"tip: mark original as read? lark-cli mail user_mailbox.messages batch_modify_message"+
+			` --params '{"user_mailbox_id":"%s"}' --data '{"message_ids":["%s"],"remove_label_ids":["UNREAD"]}'`+"\n",
+		sanitizeForTerminal(mailboxID), sanitizeForTerminal(originalMessageID))
 }
 
 // hintReadReceiptRequest prints a stderr tip when a message that the caller

shortcuts/mail/helpers_test.go

@@ -465,19 +465,14 @@ func TestPrintWatchOutputSchema(t *testing.T) {
 // TestHintMarkAsRead verifies hint mark as read.
 func TestHintMarkAsRead(t *testing.T) {
 	rt, _, stderr := newOutputRuntime(t)
-	hintMarkAsRead(rt, "mail box;$(whoami)", "msg-\x1b[31m123 'quoted'\nnext")
+	// Inject ANSI escape + message ID to verify sanitization
+	hintMarkAsRead(rt, "me", "msg-\x1b[31m123")
 	out := stderr.String()
 	if strings.Contains(out, "\x1b[") {
 		t.Errorf("hintMarkAsRead should sanitize ANSI escapes, got: %q", out)
 	}
-	if strings.Contains(out, "\nnext") {
-		t.Errorf("hintMarkAsRead should strip embedded newlines, got: %q", out)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "--mailbox 'mail box;$(whoami)'") {
-		t.Errorf("hintMarkAsRead should quote mailbox for shell copy/paste, got: %q", out)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "--message-ids 'msg-123 '\\''quoted'\\''next'") {
-		t.Errorf("hintMarkAsRead should quote message ID for shell copy/paste, got: %q", out)
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "msg-123") {
+		t.Errorf("hintMarkAsRead should contain sanitized message ID, got: %q", out)
 	}
 }
 

shortcuts/mail/mail_message_manage_test.go

@@ -1,482 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package mail
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/auth"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/httpmock"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/output"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
-)
-
-func messageManageID(suffix string) string {
-	return "msg_abcdefghijklmnop_" + suffix
-}
-
-func stubMessageManagePost(reg *httpmock.Registry, endpoint string, body map[string]interface{}) *httpmock.Stub {
-	stub := &httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "POST",
-		URL:    "/user_mailboxes/me/messages/" + endpoint,
-		Body:   body,
-	}
-	reg.Register(stub)
-	return stub
-}
-
-func decodeMessageManageSummary(t *testing.T, data map[string]interface{}) ([]interface{}, []interface{}) {
-	t.Helper()
-	success, ok := data["success_message_ids"].([]interface{})
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("success_message_ids = %#v, want array", data["success_message_ids"])
-	}
-	failed, ok := data["failed_message_ids"].([]interface{})
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("failed_message_ids = %#v, want array", data["failed_message_ids"])
-	}
-	return success, failed
-}
-
-func requireMessageManageValidationParam(t *testing.T, err error, param string) *errs.ValidationError {
-	t.Helper()
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected validation error for %s, got nil", param)
-	}
-	var validationErr *errs.ValidationError
-	if !errors.As(err, &validationErr) {
-		t.Fatalf("expected *errs.ValidationError for %s, got %T", param, err)
-	}
-	problem, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("expected typed Problem for %s, got %T", param, err)
-	}
-	if problem.Category != errs.CategoryValidation || problem.Subtype != errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument {
-		t.Fatalf("problem = %s/%s, want validation/invalid_argument", problem.Category, problem.Subtype)
-	}
-	if validationErr.Param != param {
-		t.Fatalf("param = %q, want %q", validationErr.Param, param)
-	}
-	return validationErr
-}
-
-func requireMessageManageFailedPrecondition(t *testing.T, err error) {
-	t.Helper()
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected failed precondition error, got nil")
-	}
-	var validationErr *errs.ValidationError
-	if !errors.As(err, &validationErr) {
-		t.Fatalf("expected *errs.ValidationError, got %T", err)
-	}
-	problem, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("expected typed Problem, got %T", err)
-	}
-	if problem.Category != errs.CategoryValidation || problem.Subtype != errs.SubtypeFailedPrecondition {
-		t.Fatalf("problem = %s/%s, want validation/failed_precondition", problem.Category, problem.Subtype)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageManage_NormalizeMessageIDs(t *testing.T) {
-	id1 := messageManageID("1")
-	id2 := messageManageID("2")
-	got, err := normalizeMessageManageIDs([]string{id1, id2, id1})
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("normalizeMessageManageIDs returned error: %v", err)
-	}
-	if len(got) != 2 || got[0] != id1 || got[1] != id2 {
-		t.Fatalf("ids = %v, want [%s %s]", got, id1, id2)
-	}
-	got, err = normalizeMessageManageIDs([]string{id1 + "," + id2, id1})
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("normalizeMessageManageIDs CSV/repeated returned error: %v", err)
-	}
-	if len(got) != 2 || got[0] != id1 || got[1] != id2 {
-		t.Fatalf("CSV/repeated ids = %v, want [%s %s]", got, id1, id2)
-	}
-
-	cases := [][]string{
-		{""},
-		{" id_with_leading_space_12345"},
-		{"msg_abcdefghijklmnop_1,msg_abcdefghijklmnop_2 "},
-		{"1234567890123456"},
-		{"short"},
-		{"msg_abcdefghijklmnop!"},
-		{"msg_abcdefghijklmnop\t"},
-		{"msg_abcdefghijklmnop_1\nmsg_abcdefghijklmnop_2"},
-		{"msg_abcdefghijklmnop_1", "msg_abcdefghijklmnop_2 "},
-	}
-	for _, tc := range cases {
-		_, err := normalizeMessageManageIDs(tc)
-		requireMessageManageValidationParam(t, err, "--message-ids")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_Metadata(t *testing.T) {
-	if MailMessageModify.Command != "+message-modify" {
-		t.Fatalf("Command = %q", MailMessageModify.Command)
-	}
-	if MailMessageModify.Risk != "write" {
-		t.Errorf("Risk = %q, want write", MailMessageModify.Risk)
-	}
-	if len(MailMessageModify.AuthTypes) != 1 || MailMessageModify.AuthTypes[0] != "user" {
-		t.Errorf("AuthTypes = %v, want [user]", MailMessageModify.AuthTypes)
-	}
-	requiredScopes := map[string]bool{
-		"mail:user_mailbox.message:modify": true,
-	}
-	for _, scope := range MailMessageModify.Scopes {
-		delete(requiredScopes, scope)
-	}
-	if len(requiredScopes) != 0 {
-		t.Errorf("Scopes missing %v", requiredScopes)
-	}
-	if len(MailMessageModify.ConditionalScopes) != 1 || MailMessageModify.ConditionalScopes[0] != "mail:user_mailbox.folder:read" {
-		t.Errorf("ConditionalScopes = %v, want [mail:user_mailbox.folder:read]", MailMessageModify.ConditionalScopes)
-	}
-	flags := map[string]common.Flag{}
-	for _, fl := range MailMessageModify.Flags {
-		flags[fl.Name] = fl
-	}
-	for _, name := range []string{"mailbox", "message-ids", "add-label-ids", "remove-label-ids", "add-folder"} {
-		if _, ok := flags[name]; !ok {
-			t.Fatalf("missing --%s flag", name)
-		}
-	}
-	if flags["message-ids"].Type != "string_array" || !flags["message-ids"].Required {
-		t.Errorf("--message-ids = %#v, want required string_array", flags["message-ids"])
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageTrash_Metadata(t *testing.T) {
-	if MailMessageTrash.Command != "+message-trash" {
-		t.Fatalf("Command = %q", MailMessageTrash.Command)
-	}
-	if MailMessageTrash.Risk != "high-risk-write" {
-		t.Errorf("Risk = %q, want high-risk-write", MailMessageTrash.Risk)
-	}
-	if len(MailMessageTrash.AuthTypes) != 1 || MailMessageTrash.AuthTypes[0] != "user" {
-		t.Errorf("AuthTypes = %v, want [user]", MailMessageTrash.AuthTypes)
-	}
-	if len(MailMessageTrash.Scopes) != 1 || MailMessageTrash.Scopes[0] != "mail:user_mailbox.message:modify" {
-		t.Errorf("Scopes = %v, want [mail:user_mailbox.message:modify]", MailMessageTrash.Scopes)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_LabelOnlyDoesNotRequireFolderReadScope(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	token := auth.GetStoredToken("test-app", "ou_testuser")
-	if token == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected test token")
-	}
-	token.Scope = strings.ReplaceAll(token.Scope, " mail:user_mailbox.folder:read", "")
-	if err := auth.SetStoredToken(token); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("SetStoredToken() error = %v", err)
-	}
-
-	id := messageManageID("1")
-	post := stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_modify", map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{}})
-
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", id,
-		"--remove-label-ids", "UNREAD",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
-	}
-	var body map[string]interface{}
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(post.CapturedBody, &body); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unmarshal captured body: %v", err)
-	}
-	removeLabels := body["remove_label_ids"].([]interface{})
-	if len(removeLabels) != 1 || removeLabels[0] != "UNREAD" {
-		t.Fatalf("remove_label_ids = %#v, want [UNREAD]", removeLabels)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_ReadReceiptRequestLabelIsSystemLabel(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	id := messageManageID("1")
-	post := stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_modify", map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{}})
-
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", id,
-		"--remove-label-ids", "read_receipt_request",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
-	}
-	var body map[string]interface{}
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(post.CapturedBody, &body); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unmarshal captured body: %v", err)
-	}
-	removeLabels := body["remove_label_ids"].([]interface{})
-	if len(removeLabels) != 1 || removeLabels[0] != "READ_RECEIPT_REQUEST" {
-		t.Fatalf("remove_label_ids = %#v, want [READ_RECEIPT_REQUEST]", removeLabels)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_LabelFolderNormalizationAndValidationAPIs(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	id := messageManageID("1")
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{Method: "GET", URL: "/user_mailboxes/me/labels/customA", Body: map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{"label_id": "customA"}}})
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{Method: "GET", URL: "/user_mailboxes/me/folders/folderA", Body: map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{"folder_id": "folderA"}}})
-	post := stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_modify", map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{}})
-
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", id,
-		"--add-label-ids", "unread,customA",
-		"--remove-label-ids", "FLAGGED",
-		"--add-folder", "folderA",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
-	}
-	var body map[string]interface{}
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(post.CapturedBody, &body); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unmarshal captured body: %v", err)
-	}
-	if got := body["add_folder"]; got != "folderA" {
-		t.Errorf("add_folder = %v, want folderA", got)
-	}
-	addLabels := body["add_label_ids"].([]interface{})
-	if addLabels[0] != "UNREAD" || addLabels[1] != "customA" {
-		t.Errorf("add_label_ids = %#v, want [UNREAD customA]", addLabels)
-	}
-	removeLabels := body["remove_label_ids"].([]interface{})
-	if removeLabels[0] != "FLAGGED" {
-		t.Errorf("remove_label_ids = %#v, want [FLAGGED]", removeLabels)
-	}
-	success, failed := decodeMessageManageSummary(t, decodeShortcutEnvelopeData(t, stdout))
-	if len(success) != 1 || success[0] != id || len(failed) != 0 {
-		t.Errorf("summary success=%v failed=%v", success, failed)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_RejectsLabelIntersectionAndTrashFolder(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, _ := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	id := messageManageID("1")
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", id,
-		"--add-label-ids", "unread",
-		"--remove-label-ids", "UNREAD",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	requireMessageManageValidationParam(t, err, "--add-label-ids")
-	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "label cannot be both added and removed") {
-		t.Fatalf("error = %v, want label intersection validation", err)
-	}
-
-	err = runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", id,
-		"--add-folder", "trash",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	requireMessageManageValidationParam(t, err, "--add-folder")
-	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "use +message-trash") {
-		t.Fatalf("error = %v, want TRASH validation", err)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_EmptyOperationDoesNotCallPost(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, _ := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	id1 := messageManageID("1")
-	id2 := messageManageID("2")
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", id1 + "," + id2 + "," + id1,
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
-	}
-	success, failed := decodeMessageManageSummary(t, decodeShortcutEnvelopeData(t, stdout))
-	if len(success) != 2 || success[0] != id1 || success[1] != id2 || len(failed) != 0 {
-		t.Fatalf("summary success=%v failed=%v", success, failed)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_BatchesAndAggregatesPartialFailure(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	ids := make([]string, 41)
-	for i := range ids {
-		ids[i] = messageManageID(fmt.Sprintf("%02d", i))
-	}
-	first := stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_modify", map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{}})
-	second := stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_modify", map[string]interface{}{"code": 1230001, "msg": "bad request"})
-	third := stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_modify", map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{}})
-
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", strings.Join(ids, ","),
-		"--add-folder", "archive",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
-	}
-	for idx, stub := range []*httpmock.Stub{first, second, third} {
-		var body map[string]interface{}
-		if err := json.Unmarshal(stub.CapturedBody, &body); err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("batch %d body unmarshal: %v", idx+1, err)
-		}
-		messageIDs := body["message_ids"].([]interface{})
-		want := []int{20, 20, 1}[idx]
-		if len(messageIDs) != want {
-			t.Fatalf("batch %d size = %d, want %d", idx+1, len(messageIDs), want)
-		}
-		if body["add_folder"] != "ARCHIVED" {
-			t.Fatalf("batch %d add_folder = %v, want ARCHIVED", idx+1, body["add_folder"])
-		}
-	}
-	success, failed := decodeMessageManageSummary(t, decodeShortcutEnvelopeData(t, stdout))
-	if len(success) != 21 || len(failed) != 20 {
-		t.Fatalf("success=%d failed=%d, want 21/20", len(success), len(failed))
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_AllBatchesFailReturnsError(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	id := messageManageID("1")
-	stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_modify", map[string]interface{}{"code": 1230001, "msg": "bad request"})
-
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", id,
-		"--add-folder", "archive",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	requireMessageManageFailedPrecondition(t, err)
-}
-
-func TestMessageModify_DryRunShowsPlanWithoutValidationGET(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, _ := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	id1 := messageManageID("1")
-	id2 := messageManageID("2")
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageModify, []string{
-		"+message-modify",
-		"--message-ids", id1 + "," + id2,
-		"--add-label-ids", "customA",
-		"--add-folder", "folderA",
-		"--dry-run",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("dry-run failed: %v", err)
-	}
-	out := stdout.String()
-	for _, want := range []string{
-		`/user_mailboxes/me/messages/batch_modify`,
-		`validation_api_plan`,
-		`/user_mailboxes/me/labels/customA`,
-		`/user_mailboxes/me/folders/folderA`,
-		`will_validate`,
-		`batch_size`,
-	} {
-		if !strings.Contains(out, want) {
-			t.Fatalf("dry-run output missing %q; got %s", want, out)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageTrash_RequiresYesAndBatches(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	id1 := messageManageID("1")
-	id2 := messageManageID("2")
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageTrash, []string{
-		"+message-trash",
-		"--message-ids", id1 + "," + id2,
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected confirmation error, got nil")
-	}
-	if code := output.ExitCodeOf(err); code != output.ExitConfirmationRequired {
-		t.Fatalf("exit code = %d, want %d", code, output.ExitConfirmationRequired)
-	}
-
-	post := stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_trash", map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "data": map[string]interface{}{}})
-	err = runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageTrash, []string{
-		"+message-trash",
-		"--message-ids", id1 + "," + id2,
-		"--yes",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected err with --yes: %v", err)
-	}
-	var body map[string]interface{}
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(post.CapturedBody, &body); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unmarshal captured body: %v", err)
-	}
-	if got := len(body["message_ids"].([]interface{})); got != 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("message_ids len = %d, want 2", got)
-	}
-	success, failed := decodeMessageManageSummary(t, decodeShortcutEnvelopeData(t, stdout))
-	if len(success) != 2 || len(failed) != 0 {
-		t.Fatalf("summary success=%v failed=%v", success, failed)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMessageTrash_AllBatchesFailReturnsError(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-	id := messageManageID("1")
-	stubMessageManagePost(reg, "batch_trash", map[string]interface{}{"code": 1230001, "msg": "bad request"})
-
-	err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, MailMessageTrash, []string{
-		"+message-trash",
-		"--message-ids", id,
-		"--yes",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	requireMessageManageFailedPrecondition(t, err)
-}
-
-func TestMessageManage_RejectsWhitespaceBeforeAPI(t *testing.T) {
-	id1 := messageManageID("1")
-	id2 := messageManageID("2")
-	cases := []struct {
-		name     string
-		shortcut common.Shortcut
-		args     []string
-	}{
-		{
-			name:     "trash newline in repeated flag",
-			shortcut: MailMessageTrash,
-			args:     []string{"+message-trash", "--message-ids", id1 + "\n" + id2, "--yes"},
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "trash tab in csv flag",
-			shortcut: MailMessageTrash,
-			args:     []string{"+message-trash", "--message-ids", id1 + ",\t" + id2, "--yes"},
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "modify space in repeated flag",
-			shortcut: MailMessageModify,
-			args:     []string{"+message-modify", "--message-ids", id1, "--message-ids", id2 + " ", "--add-folder", "archive"},
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "modify space in csv flag",
-			shortcut: MailMessageModify,
-			args:     []string{"+message-modify", "--message-ids", id1 + ", " + id2, "--add-folder", "archive"},
-		},
-	}
-	for _, tc := range cases {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			f, stdout, _, _ := mailShortcutTestFactory(t)
-			err := runMountedMailShortcut(t, tc.shortcut, tc.args, f, stdout)
-			if err == nil {
-				t.Fatal("expected validation error, got nil")
-			}
-			if code := output.ExitCodeOf(err); code != output.ExitValidation {
-				t.Fatalf("exit code = %d, want %d; err=%v", code, output.ExitValidation, err)
-			}
-			if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "must not contain whitespace or control characters") {
-				t.Fatalf("error = %v, want whitespace/control validation", err)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}

shortcuts/mail/mail_message_modify.go

@@ -1,141 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package mail
-
-import (
-	"context"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
-)
-
-type messageModifyInput struct {
-	MessageIDs         []string
-	AddLabelIDs        []string
-	RemoveLabelIDs     []string
-	AddFolder          string
-	CustomLabelIDs     []string
-	CustomFolderID     string
-	ValidationAPIPlans []validationAPIPlan
-}
-
-// MailMessageModify is the `+message-modify` shortcut: apply labels, unread
-// state labels, or a folder move to existing messages in batches of 20.
-var MailMessageModify = common.Shortcut{
-	Service:     "mail",
-	Command:     "+message-modify",
-	Description: "Modify existing mail messages by adding/removing label IDs or moving them to a folder. Batches message IDs in groups of 20 and keeps output compact.",
-	Risk:        "write",
-	Scopes:      []string{"mail:user_mailbox.message:modify"},
-	ConditionalScopes: []string{
-		"mail:user_mailbox.folder:read",
-	},
-	AuthTypes: []string{"user"},
-	HasFormat: true,
-	Flags: []common.Flag{
-		{Name: "mailbox", Desc: "Mailbox email address that owns the messages (default: me)."},
-		{Name: "message-ids", Type: "string_array", Required: true, Desc: "Message IDs to modify; comma-separated or repeat the flag."},
-		{Name: "add-label-ids", Type: "string_slice", Desc: "Label IDs to add. System labels unread/important/other/flagged are normalized to upper case."},
-		{Name: "remove-label-ids", Type: "string_slice", Desc: "Label IDs to remove. System labels unread/important/other/flagged are normalized to upper case."},
-		{Name: "add-folder", Desc: "Folder ID to move messages to. System folders inbox/sent/spam/archive/archived are normalized; TRASH is rejected, use +message-trash."},
-	},
-	Validate: validateMessageModify,
-	DryRun:   dryRunMessageModify,
-	Execute:  executeMessageModify,
-}
-
-func validateMessageModify(ctx context.Context, rt *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-	_, err := buildMessageModifyInput(rt)
-	return err
-}
-
-func dryRunMessageModify(ctx context.Context, rt *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
-	mailboxID := resolveMailboxID(rt)
-	input, _ := buildMessageModifyInput(rt)
-	api := common.NewDryRunAPI().
-		Desc("Modify messages sequentially in batches of 20; dry-run does not call label/folder validation APIs").
-		Set("batch_size", mailMessageManageBatchSize).
-		Set("batches", chunkMessageManageIDs(input.MessageIDs)).
-		Set("validation_api_plan", input.ValidationAPIPlans)
-	for _, batch := range chunkMessageManageIDs(input.MessageIDs) {
-		api = api.POST(mailboxPath(mailboxID, "messages", "batch_modify")).
-			Body(messageManageBody(batch, input.AddLabelIDs, input.RemoveLabelIDs, input.AddFolder))
-	}
-	return api
-}
-
-func executeMessageModify(ctx context.Context, rt *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-	mailboxID := resolveMailboxID(rt)
-	input, err := buildMessageModifyInput(rt)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if err := validateCustomMessageManageLabels(rt, mailboxID, input.CustomLabelIDs); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if err := validateCustomMessageManageFolder(rt, mailboxID, input.CustomFolderID); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if len(input.AddLabelIDs) == 0 && len(input.RemoveLabelIDs) == 0 && input.AddFolder == "" {
-		emitMessageManageSummary(rt, messageManageSummary{
-			SuccessMessageIDs: input.MessageIDs,
-			FailedMessageIDs:  []messageManageFailure{},
-		}, true)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	summary := messageManageSummary{FailedMessageIDs: []messageManageFailure{}}
-	for _, batch := range chunkMessageManageIDs(input.MessageIDs) {
-		_, err := rt.CallAPITyped("POST", mailboxPath(mailboxID, "messages", "batch_modify"), nil,
-			messageManageBody(batch, input.AddLabelIDs, input.RemoveLabelIDs, input.AddFolder))
-		if err != nil {
-			for _, id := range batch {
-				summary.FailedMessageIDs = append(summary.FailedMessageIDs, messageManageFailure{MessageID: id, Reason: err.Error()})
-			}
-			continue
-		}
-		summary.SuccessMessageIDs = append(summary.SuccessMessageIDs, batch...)
-	}
-	emitMessageManageSummary(rt, summary, false)
-	if len(summary.SuccessMessageIDs) == 0 && len(summary.FailedMessageIDs) > 0 {
-		return mailFailedPreconditionError("all message modify batches failed")
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func buildMessageModifyInput(rt *common.RuntimeContext) (messageModifyInput, error) {
-	messageIDs, err := normalizeMessageManageIDs(rt.StrArray("message-ids"))
-	if err != nil {
-		return messageModifyInput{}, err
-	}
-	addLabels, customAddLabels, err := normalizeMessageManageLabels(rt.StrSlice("add-label-ids"), "--add-label-ids")
-	if err != nil {
-		return messageModifyInput{}, err
-	}
-	removeLabels, customRemoveLabels, err := normalizeMessageManageLabels(rt.StrSlice("remove-label-ids"), "--remove-label-ids")
-	if err != nil {
-		return messageModifyInput{}, err
-	}
-	if err := validateLabelIntersection(addLabels, removeLabels); err != nil {
-		return messageModifyInput{}, err
-	}
-	folder, customFolder, err := normalizeMessageManageFolder(rt.Str("add-folder"))
-	if err != nil {
-		return messageModifyInput{}, err
-	}
-	customLabels := append(customAddLabels, customRemoveLabels...)
-	customFolderID := ""
-	if customFolder {
-		customFolderID = folder
-	}
-	return messageModifyInput{
-		MessageIDs:         messageIDs,
-		AddLabelIDs:        addLabels,
-		RemoveLabelIDs:     removeLabels,
-		AddFolder:          folder,
-		CustomLabelIDs:     customLabels,
-		CustomFolderID:     customFolderID,
-		ValidationAPIPlans: messageManageValidationPlan(resolveMailboxID(rt), customLabels, customFolderID),
-	}, nil
-}

shortcuts/mail/mail_message_trash.go

@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package mail
-
-import (
-	"context"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
-)
-
-// MailMessageTrash is the `+message-trash` shortcut: soft-delete existing
-// messages in batches of 20 via batch_trash. Risk is high-risk-write, so the
-// runner requires --yes before Execute.
-var MailMessageTrash = common.Shortcut{
-	Service:     "mail",
-	Command:     "+message-trash",
-	Description: "Soft-delete existing mail messages. Batches message IDs in groups of 20 and calls batch_trash sequentially. Requires --yes.",
-	Risk:        "high-risk-write",
-	Scopes:      []string{"mail:user_mailbox.message:modify"},
-	AuthTypes:   []string{"user"},
-	HasFormat:   true,
-	Flags: []common.Flag{
-		{Name: "mailbox", Desc: "Mailbox email address that owns the messages (default: me)."},
-		{Name: "message-ids", Type: "string_array", Required: true, Desc: "Message IDs to soft-delete; comma-separated or repeat the flag."},
-	},
-	Validate: validateMessageTrash,
-	DryRun:   dryRunMessageTrash,
-	Execute:  executeMessageTrash,
-}
-
-func validateMessageTrash(ctx context.Context, rt *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-	_, err := normalizeMessageManageIDs(rt.StrArray("message-ids"))
-	return err
-}
-
-func dryRunMessageTrash(ctx context.Context, rt *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
-	mailboxID := resolveMailboxID(rt)
-	messageIDs, _ := normalizeMessageManageIDs(rt.StrArray("message-ids"))
-	api := common.NewDryRunAPI().
-		Desc("Soft-delete messages sequentially in batches of 20").
-		Set("batch_size", mailMessageManageBatchSize).
-		Set("batches", chunkMessageManageIDs(messageIDs))
-	for _, batch := range chunkMessageManageIDs(messageIDs) {
-		api = api.POST(mailboxPath(mailboxID, "messages", "batch_trash")).
-			Body(map[string]interface{}{"message_ids": batch})
-	}
-	return api
-}
-
-func executeMessageTrash(ctx context.Context, rt *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-	mailboxID := resolveMailboxID(rt)
-	messageIDs, err := normalizeMessageManageIDs(rt.StrArray("message-ids"))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	summary := messageManageSummary{FailedMessageIDs: []messageManageFailure{}}
-	for _, batch := range chunkMessageManageIDs(messageIDs) {
-		_, err := rt.CallAPITyped("POST", mailboxPath(mailboxID, "messages", "batch_trash"), nil,
-			map[string]interface{}{"message_ids": batch})
-		if err != nil {
-			for _, id := range batch {
-				summary.FailedMessageIDs = append(summary.FailedMessageIDs, messageManageFailure{MessageID: id, Reason: err.Error()})
-			}
-			continue
-		}
-		summary.SuccessMessageIDs = append(summary.SuccessMessageIDs, batch...)
-	}
-	emitMessageManageSummary(rt, summary, false)
-	if len(summary.SuccessMessageIDs) == 0 && len(summary.FailedMessageIDs) > 0 {
-		return mailFailedPreconditionError("all message trash batches failed")
-	}
-	return nil
-}

shortcuts/mail/mail_shortcut_test.go

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func mailShortcutTestFactory(t *testing.T) (*cmdutil.Factory, *bytes.Buffer, *by
 		RefreshToken:     "test-refresh-token",
 		ExpiresAt:        time.Now().Add(1 * time.Hour).UnixMilli(),
 		RefreshExpiresAt: time.Now().Add(24 * time.Hour).UnixMilli(),
-		Scope:            "mail:user_mailbox.messages:write mail:user_mailbox.messages:read mail:user_mailbox.message:modify mail:user_mailbox.message:readonly mail:user_mailbox.message.address:read mail:user_mailbox.message.subject:read mail:user_mailbox.message.body:read mail:user_mailbox:readonly mail:user_mailbox.folder:read",
+		Scope:            "mail:user_mailbox.messages:write mail:user_mailbox.messages:read mail:user_mailbox.message:modify mail:user_mailbox.message:readonly mail:user_mailbox.message.address:read mail:user_mailbox.message.subject:read mail:user_mailbox.message.body:read mail:user_mailbox:readonly",
 		GrantedAt:        time.Now().Add(-1 * time.Hour).UnixMilli(),
 	}
 	if err := auth.SetStoredToken(token); err != nil {

shortcuts/mail/message_manage_helpers.go

@@ -1,283 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package mail
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"strings"
-	"unicode"
-
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/output"
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
-)
-
-const mailMessageManageBatchSize = 20
-
-var messageManageSystemLabels = map[string]string{
-	"UNREAD":               "UNREAD",
-	"IMPORTANT":            "IMPORTANT",
-	"OTHER":                "OTHER",
-	"FLAGGED":              "FLAGGED",
-	"READ_RECEIPT_REQUEST": "READ_RECEIPT_REQUEST",
-}
-
-var messageManageSystemFolders = map[string]string{
-	"INBOX":    "INBOX",
-	"SENT":     "SENT",
-	"SPAM":     "SPAM",
-	"ARCHIVE":  "ARCHIVED",
-	"ARCHIVED": "ARCHIVED",
-}
-
-type messageManageSummary struct {
-	SuccessMessageIDs []string               `json:"success_message_ids"`
-	FailedMessageIDs  []messageManageFailure `json:"failed_message_ids"`
-}
-
-type messageManageFailure struct {
-	MessageID string `json:"message_id"`
-	Reason    string `json:"reason"`
-}
-
-type validationAPIPlan struct {
-	Method       string `json:"method"`
-	Path         string `json:"path"`
-	WillValidate bool   `json:"will_validate"`
-}
-
-func normalizeMessageManageIDs(raw []string) ([]string, error) {
-	if len(raw) == 0 {
-		return nil, mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids is required")
-	}
-	parts, err := splitMessageManageIDTokens(raw)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	ids := make([]string, 0, len(parts))
-	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, len(parts))
-	for i, part := range parts {
-		if part == "" {
-			return nil, mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids entry %d is empty; remove extra commas or provide valid message IDs", i+1)
-		}
-		id := strings.TrimSpace(part)
-		if id == "" {
-			return nil, mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids entry %d is empty; remove extra commas or provide valid message IDs", i+1)
-		}
-		if id != part {
-			return nil, mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids entry %d (%q): must not contain leading or trailing whitespace", i+1, part)
-		}
-		if err := validateMessageManageID(id, i); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		if _, ok := seen[id]; ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		seen[id] = struct{}{}
-		ids = append(ids, id)
-	}
-	if len(ids) == 0 {
-		return nil, mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids is required")
-	}
-	return ids, nil
-}
-
-func splitMessageManageIDTokens(raw []string) ([]string, error) {
-	parts := make([]string, 0, len(raw))
-	for i, token := range raw {
-		for _, r := range token {
-			if unicode.IsSpace(r) || unicode.IsControl(r) {
-				return nil, mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids entry %d (%q): must not contain whitespace or control characters", i+1, token)
-			}
-		}
-		parts = append(parts, strings.Split(token, ",")...)
-	}
-	return parts, nil
-}
-
-func validateMessageManageID(id string, index int) error {
-	if len(id) < 16 {
-		return mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids entry %d (%q): length must be at least 16 characters", index+1, id)
-	}
-	if strings.Trim(id, "0123456789") == "" {
-		return mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids entry %d (%q): numeric primary IDs are not supported; pass the Open API message_id from mail output", index+1, id)
-	}
-	for _, r := range id {
-		if unicode.IsSpace(r) || unicode.IsControl(r) {
-			return mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids entry %d (%q): must not contain whitespace or control characters", index+1, id)
-		}
-		if (r >= 'A' && r <= 'Z') || (r >= 'a' && r <= 'z') || (r >= '0' && r <= '9') {
-			continue
-		}
-		switch r {
-		case '+', '/', '=', '_', '-':
-			continue
-		default:
-			return mailValidationParamError("--message-ids", "--message-ids entry %d (%q): contains characters outside the Open API message_id character set", index+1, id)
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func normalizeMessageManageLabels(raw []string, flagName string) ([]string, []string, error) {
-	labels := make([]string, 0, len(raw))
-	custom := make([]string, 0, len(raw))
-	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, len(raw))
-	for i, part := range raw {
-		id := strings.TrimSpace(part)
-		if id == "" {
-			return nil, nil, mailValidationParamError(flagName, "%s entry %d is empty; remove extra commas or provide valid label IDs", flagName, i+1)
-		}
-		if id != part {
-			return nil, nil, mailValidationParamError(flagName, "%s entry %d (%q): must not contain leading or trailing whitespace", flagName, i+1, part)
-		}
-		normalized := id
-		if system, ok := messageManageSystemLabels[strings.ToUpper(id)]; ok {
-			normalized = system
-		} else {
-			custom = append(custom, id)
-		}
-		if _, ok := seen[normalized]; ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		seen[normalized] = struct{}{}
-		labels = append(labels, normalized)
-	}
-	if len(labels) > 20 {
-		return nil, nil, mailValidationParamError(flagName, "%s accepts at most 20 label IDs (got %d)", flagName, len(labels))
-	}
-	return labels, custom, nil
-}
-
-func validateLabelIntersection(add, remove []string) error {
-	removeSet := make(map[string]struct{}, len(remove))
-	for _, id := range remove {
-		removeSet[id] = struct{}{}
-	}
-	for _, id := range add {
-		if _, ok := removeSet[id]; ok {
-			return mailValidationParamError("--add-label-ids", "label cannot be both added and removed: %s", id)
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func normalizeMessageManageFolder(raw string) (string, bool, error) {
-	if raw == "" {
-		return "", false, nil
-	}
-	folder := strings.TrimSpace(raw)
-	if folder == "" {
-		return "", false, mailValidationParamError("--add-folder", "--add-folder must not be empty")
-	}
-	if folder != raw {
-		return "", false, mailValidationParamError("--add-folder", "--add-folder %q must not contain leading or trailing whitespace", raw)
-	}
-	if strings.EqualFold(folder, "TRASH") {
-		return "", false, mailValidationParamError("--add-folder", "TRASH is not supported by +message-modify; use +message-trash")
-	}
-	if system, ok := messageManageSystemFolders[strings.ToUpper(folder)]; ok {
-		return system, false, nil
-	}
-	return folder, true, nil
-}
-
-func chunkMessageManageIDs(ids []string) [][]string {
-	if len(ids) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-	chunks := make([][]string, 0, (len(ids)+mailMessageManageBatchSize-1)/mailMessageManageBatchSize)
-	for start := 0; start < len(ids); start += mailMessageManageBatchSize {
-		end := start + mailMessageManageBatchSize
-		if end > len(ids) {
-			end = len(ids)
-		}
-		chunks = append(chunks, ids[start:end])
-	}
-	return chunks
-}
-
-func validateCustomMessageManageLabels(rt *common.RuntimeContext, mailboxID string, ids []string) error {
-	if len(ids) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-	if err := validateLabelReadScope(rt); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	seen := map[string]struct{}{}
-	for _, id := range ids {
-		if _, ok := seen[id]; ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		seen[id] = struct{}{}
-		if _, err := rt.CallAPITyped("GET", mailboxPath(mailboxID, "labels", id), nil, nil); err != nil {
-			return mailDecorateProblemMessage(err, "label not found: %s", id)
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func validateCustomMessageManageFolder(rt *common.RuntimeContext, mailboxID, id string) error {
-	if id == "" {
-		return nil
-	}
-	if err := validateFolderReadScope(rt); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if _, err := rt.CallAPITyped("GET", mailboxPath(mailboxID, "folders", id), nil, nil); err != nil {
-		return mailDecorateProblemMessage(err, "folder not found: %s", id)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func messageManageBody(ids, addLabels, removeLabels []string, addFolder string) map[string]interface{} {
-	body := map[string]interface{}{"message_ids": ids}
-	if len(addLabels) > 0 {
-		body["add_label_ids"] = addLabels
-	}
-	if len(removeLabels) > 0 {
-		body["remove_label_ids"] = removeLabels
-	}
-	if addFolder != "" {
-		body["add_folder"] = addFolder
-	}
-	return body
-}
-
-func messageManageValidationPlan(mailboxID string, customLabels []string, customFolder string) []validationAPIPlan {
-	plans := make([]validationAPIPlan, 0, len(customLabels)+1)
-	seenLabels := map[string]struct{}{}
-	for _, id := range customLabels {
-		if _, ok := seenLabels[id]; ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		seenLabels[id] = struct{}{}
-		plans = append(plans, validationAPIPlan{
-			Method:       "GET",
-			Path:         mailboxPath(mailboxID, "labels", id),
-			WillValidate: true,
-		})
-	}
-	if customFolder != "" {
-		plans = append(plans, validationAPIPlan{
-			Method:       "GET",
-			Path:         mailboxPath(mailboxID, "folders", customFolder),
-			WillValidate: true,
-		})
-	}
-	return plans
-}
-
-func emitMessageManageSummary(rt *common.RuntimeContext, summary messageManageSummary, noAPICalls bool) {
-	rt.OutFormat(summary, &output.Meta{Count: len(summary.SuccessMessageIDs)}, func(w io.Writer) {
-		fmt.Fprintf(w, "success_message_ids: %d\n", len(summary.SuccessMessageIDs))
-		fmt.Fprintf(w, "failed_message_ids: %d\n", len(summary.FailedMessageIDs))
-		if noAPICalls {
-			fmt.Fprintln(w, "No changes requested; no API calls were made.")
-		}
-		for _, item := range summary.FailedMessageIDs {
-			fmt.Fprintf(w, "- %s: %s\n", item.MessageID, item.Reason)
-		}
-	})
-}

shortcuts/mail/shortcuts.go

@@ -10,8 +10,6 @@ func Shortcuts() []common.Shortcut {
 	return []common.Shortcut{
 		MailMessage,
 		MailMessages,
-		MailMessageModify,
-		MailMessageTrash,
 		MailThread,
 		MailTriage,
 		MailWatch,

shortcuts/markdown/helpers.go

@@ -715,15 +715,9 @@ func markdownUploadProblem(err error, action string) error {
 		case 90003087:
 			appendMarkdownProblemHint(err, "The current tenant or user may not have document capabilities enabled. Ask an administrator to verify document-module access.")
 		case 1061003, 1061044:
-			appendMarkdownProblemHint(err, "Check whether the target folder or wiki node still exists, and verify the parent token type. For Drive folders, pass --folder-token with a Drive folder token/URL; for wiki nodes, pass --wiki-token with a wiki node token/URL.")
+			appendMarkdownProblemHint(err, "Check whether the target folder or wiki node still exists, and verify the token you passed to the command.")
 		case 1061004, 1062501:
 			appendMarkdownProblemHint(err, "Check whether the current identity has write access to the target folder or wiki node.")
-		case 1061101:
-			appendMarkdownProblemHint(err, "The target Drive/wiki storage quota is exhausted. Free space, choose another parent folder/wiki node, or ask an administrator to raise quota before retrying.")
-		case 233523001:
-			appendMarkdownProblemHint(err, "The upstream document service returned a transient server error. Retry later; if it repeats, keep the log_id/request_id for service-side investigation.")
-		case 99991400:
-			appendMarkdownProblemHint(err, "The upload API is rate limited. Stop immediate retries and retry later with exponential backoff.")
 		}
 	}
 	return err

shortcuts/markdown/markdown_create.go

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"strings"
 
-	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/validate"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
 )
 
@@ -31,19 +30,27 @@ var MarkdownCreate = common.Shortcut{
 	Tips: []string{
 		"Omit both --folder-token and --wiki-token to create the Markdown file in the caller's Drive root folder.",
 		"Use --wiki-token <wiki_node_token> to create the Markdown file under a wiki node; the shortcut maps this to parent_type=wiki automatically.",
-		"--folder-token and --wiki-token also accept full Lark URLs and normalize them to the required token.",
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-		spec, err := readMarkdownCreateSpec(runtime)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		return validateMarkdownSpec(runtime, spec, true)
+		return validateMarkdownSpec(runtime, markdownUploadSpec{
+			FileName:    strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("name")),
+			FolderToken: strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("folder-token")),
+			WikiToken:   strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("wiki-token")),
+			FilePath:    strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("file")),
+			FileSet:     runtime.Changed("file"),
+			Content:     runtime.Str("content"),
+			ContentSet:  runtime.Changed("content"),
+		}, true)
 	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
-		spec, err := readMarkdownCreateSpec(runtime)
-		if err != nil {
-			return common.NewDryRunAPI().Set("error", err.Error())
+		spec := markdownUploadSpec{
+			FileName:    strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("name")),
+			FolderToken: strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("folder-token")),
+			WikiToken:   strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("wiki-token")),
+			FilePath:    strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("file")),
+			FileSet:     runtime.Changed("file"),
+			Content:     runtime.Str("content"),
+			ContentSet:  runtime.Changed("content"),
 		}
 		fileSize, err := markdownSourceSize(runtime, spec)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -64,9 +71,14 @@ var MarkdownCreate = common.Shortcut{
 		return dry
 	},
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-		spec, err := readMarkdownCreateSpec(runtime)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
+		spec := markdownUploadSpec{
+			FileName:    strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("name")),
+			FolderToken: strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("folder-token")),
+			WikiToken:   strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("wiki-token")),
+			FilePath:    strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("file")),
+			FileSet:     runtime.Changed("file"),
+			Content:     runtime.Str("content"),
+			ContentSet:  runtime.Changed("content"),
 		}
 		fileSize, err := markdownSourceSize(runtime, spec)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -103,139 +115,3 @@ var MarkdownCreate = common.Shortcut{
 		return nil
 	},
 }
-
-func readMarkdownCreateSpec(runtime *common.RuntimeContext) (markdownUploadSpec, error) {
-	spec := markdownUploadSpec{
-		FileName:    strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("name")),
-		FolderToken: strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("folder-token")),
-		WikiToken:   strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("wiki-token")),
-		FilePath:    strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("file")),
-		FileSet:     runtime.Changed("file"),
-		Content:     runtime.Str("content"),
-		ContentSet:  runtime.Changed("content"),
-	}
-	return normalizeMarkdownCreateTargetSpec(spec)
-}
-
-func normalizeMarkdownCreateTargetSpec(spec markdownUploadSpec) (markdownUploadSpec, error) {
-	if spec.FolderToken != "" {
-		token, err := normalizeMarkdownFolderToken(spec.FolderToken)
-		if err != nil {
-			return markdownUploadSpec{}, err
-		}
-		spec.FolderToken = token
-	}
-	if spec.WikiToken != "" {
-		token, err := normalizeMarkdownWikiToken(spec.WikiToken)
-		if err != nil {
-			return markdownUploadSpec{}, err
-		}
-		spec.WikiToken = token
-	}
-	return spec, nil
-}
-
-func normalizeMarkdownFolderToken(token string) (string, error) {
-	token = strings.TrimSpace(token)
-	if strings.Contains(token, "://") {
-		ref, ok := common.ParseResourceURL(token)
-		if !ok {
-			return "", markdownValidationParamError("--folder-token", "--folder-token URL is unsupported").
-				WithHint("Pass a Drive folder URL or raw folder token.")
-		}
-		if ref.Type != "folder" {
-			return "", markdownValidationParamError("--folder-token",
-				"--folder-token must identify a Drive folder; got a %s URL",
-				ref.Type,
-			).WithHint("Use --wiki-token for wiki nodes or pass a Drive folder URL/token.")
-		}
-		if err := validateMarkdownTargetTokenName(ref.Token, "--folder-token"); err != nil {
-			return "", err
-		}
-		return ref.Token, nil
-	}
-	if err := rejectMarkdownPartialToken(token, "--folder-token"); err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	switch markdownKnownResourceTokenKind(token) {
-	case "wiki":
-		return "", markdownValidationParamError("--folder-token", "--folder-token looks like a wiki node token").
-			WithHint("Pass it with --wiki-token instead.")
-	case "doc", "docx", "sheet", "bitable", "mindnote", "slides", "file":
-		return "", markdownValidationParamError("--folder-token", "--folder-token must be a Drive folder token, not a %s token", markdownKnownResourceTokenKind(token))
-	}
-	if err := validateMarkdownTargetTokenName(token, "--folder-token"); err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	return token, nil
-}
-
-func normalizeMarkdownWikiToken(token string) (string, error) {
-	token = strings.TrimSpace(token)
-	if strings.Contains(token, "://") {
-		ref, ok := common.ParseResourceURL(token)
-		if !ok {
-			return "", markdownValidationParamError("--wiki-token", "--wiki-token URL is unsupported").
-				WithHint("Pass a wiki node URL or raw wiki node token.")
-		}
-		if ref.Type != "wiki" {
-			return "", markdownValidationParamError("--wiki-token",
-				"--wiki-token must identify a wiki node; got a %s URL",
-				ref.Type,
-			).WithHint("Resolve document URLs with `lark-cli wiki +node-get --node-token <url>` and use the returned node_token.")
-		}
-		if err := validateMarkdownTargetTokenName(ref.Token, "--wiki-token"); err != nil {
-			return "", err
-		}
-		return ref.Token, nil
-	}
-	if err := rejectMarkdownPartialToken(token, "--wiki-token"); err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	if kind := markdownKnownResourceTokenKind(token); kind != "" && kind != "wiki" {
-		return "", markdownValidationParamError("--wiki-token", "--wiki-token must be a wiki node token, not a %s token", kind)
-	}
-	if err := validateMarkdownTargetTokenName(token, "--wiki-token"); err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	return token, nil
-}
-
-func rejectMarkdownPartialToken(token, flagName string) error {
-	if strings.ContainsAny(token, "/?#") {
-		return markdownValidationParamError(flagName, "%s must be a raw token, not a path, query, or fragment", flagName).
-			WithHint("Pass a full Lark URL, or copy only the token value without path/query/fragment characters.")
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func validateMarkdownTargetTokenName(token, flagName string) error {
-	if err := validate.ResourceName(token, flagName); err != nil {
-		return markdownValidationParamError(flagName, "%s", err).WithCause(err)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func markdownKnownResourceTokenKind(token string) string {
-	lower := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(token))
-	switch {
-	case strings.HasPrefix(lower, "wik"):
-		return "wiki"
-	case strings.HasPrefix(lower, "docx"):
-		return "docx"
-	case strings.HasPrefix(lower, "doc"):
-		return "doc"
-	case strings.HasPrefix(lower, "sht"):
-		return "sheet"
-	case strings.HasPrefix(lower, "bas"):
-		return "bitable"
-	case strings.HasPrefix(lower, "mn"):
-		return "mindnote"
-	case strings.HasPrefix(lower, "sld"):
-		return "slides"
-	case strings.HasPrefix(lower, "box"), strings.HasPrefix(lower, "file"):
-		return "file"
-	default:
-		return ""
-	}
-}

shortcuts/markdown/markdown_test.go

@@ -446,173 +446,6 @@ func TestMarkdownCreateDryRunWithWikiToken(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestMarkdownCreateDryRunNormalizesFolderURL(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, markdownTestConfig())
-
-	err := mountAndRunMarkdown(t, MarkdownCreate, []string{
-		"+create",
-		"--name", "README.md",
-		"--content", "# hello",
-		"--folder-token", "https://feishu.cn/drive/folder/fldcnMarkdownTarget",
-		"--dry-run",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	out := stdout.String()
-	if !strings.Contains(out, `"parent_type": "explorer"`) {
-		t.Fatalf("dry-run missing explorer parent_type: %s", out)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(out, `"parent_node": "fldcnMarkdownTarget"`) {
-		t.Fatalf("dry-run did not normalize folder URL to token: %s", out)
-	}
-	if strings.Contains(out, "https://feishu.cn/drive/folder/") {
-		t.Fatalf("dry-run leaked raw folder URL instead of token: %s", out)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMarkdownCreateRejectsWikiURLInFolderToken(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, markdownTestConfig())
-
-	err := mountAndRunMarkdown(t, MarkdownCreate, []string{
-		"+create",
-		"--name", "README.md",
-		"--content", "# hello",
-		"--folder-token", "https://feishu.cn/wiki/wikcnWrongFlag",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected folder-token URL type error, got nil")
-	}
-	p, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("ProblemOf() ok=false for %T: %v", err, err)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(p.Message, "must identify a Drive folder") || !strings.Contains(p.Hint, "Use --wiki-token") {
-		t.Fatalf("expected folder-token URL type error, got %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMarkdownCreateRejectsDocURLInWikiToken(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, markdownTestConfig())
-
-	err := mountAndRunMarkdown(t, MarkdownCreate, []string{
-		"+create",
-		"--name", "README.md",
-		"--content", "# hello",
-		"--wiki-token", "https://feishu.cn/docx/docxWrongFlag",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected wiki-token URL type error, got nil")
-	}
-	p, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("ProblemOf() ok=false for %T: %v", err, err)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(p.Message, "must identify a wiki node") || !strings.Contains(p.Hint, "+node-get") {
-		t.Fatalf("expected wiki-token URL type error, got %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestNormalizeMarkdownTargetTokensRejectAmbiguousInputs(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	tests := []struct {
-		name     string
-		run      func() (string, error)
-		wantMsg  string
-		wantHint string
-	}{
-		{
-			name:     "wiki token passed as folder token",
-			run:      func() (string, error) { return normalizeMarkdownFolderToken("wik_placeholder_wrong") },
-			wantMsg:  "--folder-token looks like a wiki node token",
-			wantHint: "--wiki-token",
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "folder token path fragment",
-			run:      func() (string, error) { return normalizeMarkdownFolderToken("folder_token/child") },
-			wantMsg:  "--folder-token must be a raw token",
-			wantHint: "full Lark URL",
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "doc token passed as wiki token",
-			run:      func() (string, error) { return normalizeMarkdownWikiToken("docx_placeholder_wrong") },
-			wantMsg:  "--wiki-token must be a wiki node token",
-			wantHint: "",
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "wiki token query fragment",
-			run:      func() (string, error) { return normalizeMarkdownWikiToken("wik_placeholder?from=copy") },
-			wantMsg:  "--wiki-token must be a raw token",
-			wantHint: "path/query/fragment",
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			_, err := tt.run()
-			if err == nil {
-				t.Fatalf("expected validation error")
-			}
-			p, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
-			if !ok {
-				t.Fatalf("ProblemOf() ok=false for %T: %v", err, err)
-			}
-			if !strings.Contains(p.Message, tt.wantMsg) {
-				t.Fatalf("message = %q, want substring %q", p.Message, tt.wantMsg)
-			}
-			if tt.wantHint != "" && !strings.Contains(p.Hint, tt.wantHint) {
-				t.Fatalf("hint = %q, want substring %q", p.Hint, tt.wantHint)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestNormalizeMarkdownTargetTokensAcceptRawTokens(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	folderToken, err := normalizeMarkdownFolderToken("folder_token_raw")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("normalizeMarkdownFolderToken() error = %v", err)
-	}
-	if folderToken != "folder_token_raw" {
-		t.Fatalf("folder token = %q", folderToken)
-	}
-
-	wikiToken, err := normalizeMarkdownWikiToken("wik_placeholder_raw")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("normalizeMarkdownWikiToken() error = %v", err)
-	}
-	if wikiToken != "wik_placeholder_raw" {
-		t.Fatalf("wiki token = %q", wikiToken)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMarkdownUploadProblemAddsQuotaAndServerHints(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	quotaErr := errs.NewAPIError(errs.SubtypeQuotaExceeded, "file quota exceeded").WithCode(1061101)
-	got := markdownUploadProblem(quotaErr, markdownUploadAllAction)
-	p, ok := errs.ProblemOf(got)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("ProblemOf(quotaErr) ok=false")
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(p.Hint, "storage quota is exhausted") {
-		t.Fatalf("quota hint = %q", p.Hint)
-	}
-
-	serverErr := errs.NewAPIError(errs.SubtypeServerError, "NA").WithCode(233523001).WithRetryable()
-	got = markdownUploadProblem(serverErr, markdownUploadAllAction)
-	p, ok = errs.ProblemOf(got)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatalf("ProblemOf(serverErr) ok=false")
-	}
-	if !p.Retryable || !strings.Contains(p.Hint, "transient server error") {
-		t.Fatalf("server retryable=%v hint=%q", p.Retryable, p.Hint)
-	}
-}
-
 func TestMarkdownCreateDryRunReportsSourceFileError(t *testing.T) {
 	f, stdout, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, markdownTestConfig())
 

shortcuts/minutes/minutes_detail.go

@@ -28,12 +28,7 @@ import (
 const minutesDetailLogPrefix = "[minutes +detail]"
 
 // Error codes from the minutes API.
-const (
-	minutesDetailProcessingCode       = 2091003
-	minutesDetailNoReadPermissionCode = 2091005
-	minutesDetailWaitTimeoutDefault   = 300
-	minutesDetailWaitIntervalDefault  = 15
-)
+const minutesDetailNoReadPermissionCode = 2091005
 
 var validMinuteTokenDetail = regexp.MustCompile(`^[a-z0-9]+$`)
 
@@ -45,31 +40,19 @@ var scopesDetailMinuteTokens = []string{
 // minuteDetailItem represents a single minute detail result.
 type minuteDetailItem struct {
 	MinuteToken string         `json:"minute_token"`
-	Status      string         `json:"status,omitempty"`
 	Title       string         `json:"title"`
 	NoteID      string         `json:"note_id"`
 	Artifacts   map[string]any `json:"artifacts,omitempty"`
-	Retryable   bool           `json:"retryable,omitempty"`
 	Error       string         `json:"error,omitempty"`
-	Hint        string         `json:"hint,omitempty"`
-	NextCommand string         `json:"next_command,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // fetchMinuteDetail queries a single minute's metadata and selected artifacts.
 func fetchMinuteDetail(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, minuteToken string) *minuteDetailItem {
-	artifactFlags := requestedMinutesDetailArtifactFlags(runtime)
-	waitReady := runtime.Bool("wait-ready")
-	waitTimeout, waitInterval := minutesDetailWaitConfig(runtime)
-
-	data, err := callMinutesDetailAPIUntilReady(ctx, runtime, waitReady, waitTimeout, waitInterval, func() (map[string]interface{}, error) {
-		return runtime.CallAPITyped(http.MethodGet,
-			fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/%s", validate.EncodePathSegment(minuteToken)), nil, nil)
-	})
+	data, err := runtime.CallAPITyped(http.MethodGet,
+		fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/%s", validate.EncodePathSegment(minuteToken)), nil, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		result := &minuteDetailItem{MinuteToken: minuteToken}
-		if isMinutesDetailProcessingError(err) {
-			markMinutesDetailProcessing(result, minuteToken, artifactFlags, "minute metadata is still being generated")
-		} else if p, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err); ok && p.Code == minutesDetailNoReadPermissionCode {
+		if p, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err); ok && p.Code == minutesDetailNoReadPermissionCode {
 			result.Error = fmt.Sprintf("No read permission for minute %s. Ask the minute owner for minute file read permission", minuteToken)
 		} else {
 			result.Error = fmt.Sprintf("failed to query minute: %v", err)
@@ -98,16 +81,10 @@ func fetchMinuteDetail(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, minu
 	needKeyword := runtime.Bool("keyword")
 
 	if needSummary || needTodo || needChapter || needTranscript || needKeyword {
-		artData, err := callMinutesDetailAPIUntilReady(ctx, runtime, waitReady, waitTimeout, waitInterval, func() (map[string]interface{}, error) {
-			return runtime.CallAPITyped(http.MethodGet,
-				fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/%s/artifacts", validate.EncodePathSegment(minuteToken)), nil, nil)
-		})
+		artData, err := runtime.CallAPITyped(http.MethodGet,
+			fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/%s/artifacts", validate.EncodePathSegment(minuteToken)), nil, nil)
 		if err != nil {
-			if isMinutesDetailProcessingError(err) {
-				markMinutesDetailProcessing(result, minuteToken, artifactFlags, "minute artifacts are still being generated")
-			} else {
-				result.Error = fmt.Sprintf("failed to query minute artifacts: %v", err)
-			}
+			fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "%s failed to fetch artifacts for %s: %v\n", minutesDetailLogPrefix, minuteToken, err)
 		} else {
 			artifacts := make(map[string]any)
 			if needSummary {
@@ -156,78 +133,6 @@ func fetchMinuteDetail(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, minu
 	return result
 }
 
-func isMinutesDetailProcessingError(err error) bool {
-	if p, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err); ok && p.Code == minutesDetailProcessingCode {
-		return true
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func minutesDetailWaitConfig(runtime *common.RuntimeContext) (time.Duration, time.Duration) {
-	timeoutSeconds, intervalSeconds := normalizeMinutesDetailWaitSeconds(runtime.Int("wait-timeout-seconds"), runtime.Int("wait-interval-seconds"))
-	return time.Duration(timeoutSeconds) * time.Second, time.Duration(intervalSeconds) * time.Second
-}
-
-func normalizeMinutesDetailWaitSeconds(timeoutSeconds, intervalSeconds int) (int, int) {
-	if timeoutSeconds <= 0 {
-		timeoutSeconds = minutesDetailWaitTimeoutDefault
-	}
-	if intervalSeconds <= 0 {
-		intervalSeconds = minutesDetailWaitIntervalDefault
-	}
-	return timeoutSeconds, intervalSeconds
-}
-
-func callMinutesDetailAPIUntilReady(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext, waitReady bool, timeout, interval time.Duration, call func() (map[string]interface{}, error)) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
-	deadline := time.Now().Add(timeout)
-	for {
-		data, err := call()
-		if err == nil || !waitReady || !isMinutesDetailProcessingError(err) {
-			return data, err
-		}
-		if ctxErr := ctx.Err(); ctxErr != nil {
-			return nil, ctxErr
-		}
-		remaining := time.Until(deadline)
-		if remaining <= 0 || interval > remaining {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		fmt.Fprintf(runtime.IO().ErrOut, "%s minute is still processing; retrying in %s\n", minutesDetailLogPrefix, interval)
-		timer := time.NewTimer(interval)
-		select {
-		case <-ctx.Done():
-			timer.Stop()
-			return nil, ctx.Err()
-		case <-timer.C:
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func requestedMinutesDetailArtifactFlags(runtime *common.RuntimeContext) []string {
-	var flags []string
-	for _, flag := range []string{"summary", "todo", "chapter", "keyword", "transcript"} {
-		if runtime.Bool(flag) {
-			flags = append(flags, "--"+flag)
-		}
-	}
-	return flags
-}
-
-func markMinutesDetailProcessing(result *minuteDetailItem, minuteToken string, artifactFlags []string, reason string) {
-	result.Status = "processing"
-	result.Retryable = true
-	result.Error = reason
-	result.Hint = "The minute is still being generated. Retry later, or rerun the next_command to wait until it is ready."
-	result.NextCommand = minutesDetailNextCommand(minuteToken, artifactFlags)
-}
-
-func minutesDetailNextCommand(minuteToken string, artifactFlags []string) string {
-	parts := []string{"lark-cli", "minutes", "+detail", "--minute-tokens", minuteToken}
-	parts = append(parts, artifactFlags...)
-	parts = append(parts, "--wait-ready")
-	return strings.Join(parts, " ")
-}
-
 // saveDetailTranscript persists transcript bytes to the canonical artifact path.
 // With --output-dir, transcripts land under <output-dir>/artifact-<title>-<token>/
 // to mirror the legacy `vc +notes` layout. Otherwise falls back to the default
@@ -296,9 +201,6 @@ var MinutesDetail = common.Shortcut{
 		{Name: "keyword", Type: "bool", Desc: "include keywords"},
 		{Name: "output-dir", Desc: "output directory for transcript files (default: ./minutes/{minute_token}/)"},
 		{Name: "overwrite", Type: "bool", Desc: "overwrite existing transcript files"},
-		{Name: "wait-ready", Type: "bool", Desc: "wait until minute metadata/artifacts are ready", Hidden: true},
-		{Name: "wait-timeout-seconds", Type: "int", Default: "300", Desc: "maximum seconds to wait for readiness", Hidden: true},
-		{Name: "wait-interval-seconds", Type: "int", Default: "15", Desc: "seconds between readiness checks", Hidden: true},
 	},
 	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		tokens := common.SplitCSV(runtime.Str("minute-tokens"))
@@ -380,15 +282,8 @@ var MinutesDetail = common.Shortcut{
 			for _, r := range results {
 				row := map[string]interface{}{"minute_token": r.MinuteToken}
 				if r.Error != "" {
-					if r.Status == "processing" {
-						row["status"] = "PROCESSING"
-					} else {
-						row["status"] = "FAIL"
-					}
+					row["status"] = "FAIL"
 					row["error"] = r.Error
-					if r.NextCommand != "" {
-						row["next_command"] = r.NextCommand
-					}
 				} else {
 					row["status"] = "OK"
 					row["title"] = r.Title

shortcuts/minutes/minutes_detail_test.go

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
@@ -109,17 +108,6 @@ func detailArtifactsStub(token, transcript string) *httpmock.Stub {
 	}
 }
 
-func detailProcessingStub(path string) *httpmock.Stub {
-	return &httpmock.Stub{
-		Method: "GET",
-		URL:    path,
-		Body: map[string]interface{}{
-			"code": 2091003,
-			"msg":  "minute is processing",
-		},
-	}
-}
-
 func TestDetail_Validation_MissingMinuteTokens(t *testing.T) {
 	f, _, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
 	err := detailMountAndRun(t, MinutesDetail, []string{"+detail", "--as", "user"}, f, nil)
@@ -184,34 +172,6 @@ func TestDetail_DryRun_WithArtifactFlags(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestDetail_HiddenWaitFlags(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-	parent := &cobra.Command{Use: "minutes"}
-	MinutesDetail.Mount(parent, f)
-	parent.SetOut(stdout)
-	parent.SetArgs([]string{"+detail", "--help"})
-	parent.SilenceErrors = true
-	parent.SilenceUsage = true
-	if err := parent.Execute(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("help failed: %v", err)
-	}
-	help := stdout.String()
-	for _, hidden := range []string{"wait-ready", "wait-timeout-seconds", "wait-interval-seconds"} {
-		if strings.Contains(help, hidden) {
-			t.Fatalf("hidden flag %q should not appear in help:\n%s", hidden, help)
-		}
-	}
-
-	stdout.Reset()
-	err := detailMountAndRun(t, MinutesDetail, []string{
-		"+detail", "--minute-tokens", "tok001", "--summary", "--wait-ready",
-		"--wait-timeout-seconds", "0", "--wait-interval-seconds", "0", "--dry-run", "--as", "user",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("hidden wait flags should parse: %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Execute tests with mocked HTTP
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -395,136 +355,6 @@ func TestDetail_Execute_MinuteNotFound(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestDetail_Execute_MetadataProcessing(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-	reg.Register(detailProcessingStub("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/tokpending"))
-
-	err := detailMountAndRun(t, MinutesDetail, []string{"+detail", "--minute-tokens", "tokpending", "--summary", "--as", "user"}, f, stdout)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected partial failure error")
-	}
-	var pfErr *output.PartialFailureError
-	if !errors.As(err, &pfErr) {
-		t.Fatalf("expected *output.PartialFailureError, got %T: %v", err, err)
-	}
-	m := firstDetailMinute(t, stdout.Bytes())
-	if m["status"] != "processing" {
-		t.Fatalf("status = %v, want processing", m["status"])
-	}
-	if m["retryable"] != true {
-		t.Fatalf("retryable = %v, want true", m["retryable"])
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(fmt.Sprint(m["next_command"]), "minutes +detail --minute-tokens tokpending --summary --wait-ready") {
-		t.Fatalf("next_command = %v", m["next_command"])
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDetail_Execute_ArtifactsProcessing(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-	reg.Register(detailMinuteGetStub("tokartpending", "note_pending", "Pending Artifacts"))
-	reg.Register(detailProcessingStub("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/tokartpending/artifacts"))
-
-	err := detailMountAndRun(t, MinutesDetail, []string{"+detail", "--minute-tokens", "tokartpending", "--summary", "--todo", "--as", "user"}, f, stdout)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected partial failure error")
-	}
-	m := firstDetailMinute(t, stdout.Bytes())
-	if m["status"] != "processing" {
-		t.Fatalf("status = %v, want processing", m["status"])
-	}
-	if m["title"] != "Pending Artifacts" || m["note_id"] != "note_pending" {
-		t.Fatalf("metadata should be preserved on artifacts processing, got title=%v note_id=%v", m["title"], m["note_id"])
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(fmt.Sprint(m["next_command"]), "--summary --todo --wait-ready") {
-		t.Fatalf("next_command = %v", m["next_command"])
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDetail_WaitReady_MetadataEventuallyReady(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-	reg.Register(detailProcessingStub("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/tokwaitmeta"))
-	reg.Register(detailMinuteGetStub("tokwaitmeta", "", "Ready Metadata"))
-
-	err := detailMountAndRun(t, MinutesDetail, []string{
-		"+detail", "--minute-tokens", "tokwaitmeta", "--wait-ready",
-		"--wait-timeout-seconds", "5", "--wait-interval-seconds", "1", "--as", "user",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-	m := firstDetailMinute(t, stdout.Bytes())
-	if m["title"] != "Ready Metadata" {
-		t.Fatalf("title = %v, want Ready Metadata", m["title"])
-	}
-	if _, ok := m["artifacts"]; ok {
-		t.Fatal("artifacts should not be fetched without artifact flags")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDetail_WaitReady_ArtifactsEventuallyReady(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-	reg.Register(detailMinuteGetStub("tokwaitart", "note_wait", "Ready Artifacts"))
-	reg.Register(detailProcessingStub("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/tokwaitart/artifacts"))
-	reg.Register(detailArtifactsStub("tokwaitart", ""))
-
-	err := detailMountAndRun(t, MinutesDetail, []string{
-		"+detail", "--minute-tokens", "tokwaitart", "--summary", "--wait-ready",
-		"--wait-timeout-seconds", "5", "--wait-interval-seconds", "1", "--as", "user",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
-	}
-	m := firstDetailMinute(t, stdout.Bytes())
-	arts, _ := m["artifacts"].(map[string]any)
-	if arts == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected artifacts")
-	}
-	if arts["summary"] != "Test summary content" {
-		t.Fatalf("summary = %v", arts["summary"])
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDetail_WaitReady_TimeoutUsesProcessingResult(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-	reg.Register(detailMinuteGetStub("toktimeout", "note_timeout", "Timeout Artifacts"))
-	reg.Register(detailProcessingStub("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/toktimeout/artifacts"))
-
-	err := detailMountAndRun(t, MinutesDetail, []string{
-		"+detail", "--minute-tokens", "toktimeout", "--summary", "--wait-ready",
-		"--wait-timeout-seconds", "1", "--wait-interval-seconds", "2", "--as", "user",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected partial failure error")
-	}
-	m := firstDetailMinute(t, stdout.Bytes())
-	if m["status"] != "processing" || m["title"] != "Timeout Artifacts" || m["note_id"] != "note_timeout" {
-		t.Fatalf("timeout should preserve processing status and metadata, got %+v", m)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDetail_WaitReady_DoesNotPollNonProcessingErrors(t *testing.T) {
-	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
-	var callCount int
-	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
-		Method:   "GET",
-		URL:      "/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/tokmissing",
-		Body:     map[string]interface{}{"code": 2091004, "msg": "not found"},
-		Reusable: true,
-		OnMatch:  func(req *http.Request) { callCount++ },
-	})
-
-	err := detailMountAndRun(t, MinutesDetail, []string{
-		"+detail", "--minute-tokens", "tokmissing", "--wait-ready",
-		"--wait-timeout-seconds", "5", "--wait-interval-seconds", "1", "--as", "user",
-	}, f, stdout)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected partial failure error")
-	}
-	if callCount != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("non-processing error should not be retried, callCount=%d", callCount)
-	}
-}
-
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Pure function tests
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -548,36 +378,6 @@ func TestValidMinuteTokenDetail(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestNormalizeMinutesDetailWaitSeconds(t *testing.T) {
-	timeout, interval := normalizeMinutesDetailWaitSeconds(0, 0)
-	if timeout != minutesDetailWaitTimeoutDefault || interval != minutesDetailWaitIntervalDefault {
-		t.Fatalf("normalize(0,0) = (%d,%d), want defaults (%d,%d)", timeout, interval, minutesDetailWaitTimeoutDefault, minutesDetailWaitIntervalDefault)
-	}
-	timeout, interval = normalizeMinutesDetailWaitSeconds(-1, -2)
-	if timeout != minutesDetailWaitTimeoutDefault || interval != minutesDetailWaitIntervalDefault {
-		t.Fatalf("normalize(negative) = (%d,%d), want defaults", timeout, interval)
-	}
-	timeout, interval = normalizeMinutesDetailWaitSeconds(9, 3)
-	if timeout != 9 || interval != 3 {
-		t.Fatalf("normalize(9,3) = (%d,%d)", timeout, interval)
-	}
-}
-
-func firstDetailMinute(t *testing.T, raw []byte) map[string]any {
-	t.Helper()
-	var resp map[string]any
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &resp); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("failed to parse output: %v\n%s", err, string(raw))
-	}
-	data, _ := resp["data"].(map[string]any)
-	minutes, _ := data["minutes"].([]any)
-	if len(minutes) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("expected 1 minute, got %d in %s", len(minutes), string(raw))
-	}
-	m, _ := minutes[0].(map[string]any)
-	return m
-}
-
 // chdirForDetailTest switches cwd to a temp dir for the test.
 func chdirForDetailTest(t *testing.T) string {
 	t.Helper()

shortcuts/minutes/minutes_speaker_replace.go

@@ -66,24 +66,31 @@ var MinutesSpeakerReplace = common.Shortcut{
 	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
 		minuteToken := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("minute-token"))
-		return common.NewDryRunAPI().
-			PUT(fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/%s/transcript/speaker", validate.EncodePathSegment(minuteToken))).
+		dr := common.NewDryRunAPI()
+		if strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("from-speaker-id")) != "" && strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("from-user-id")) == "" {
+			dr.GET(minuteTranscriptSpeakerlistPath(minuteToken)).Desc("Resolve --from-speaker-id when it is a display name")
+		}
+		return dr.PUT(fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/%s/transcript/speaker", validate.EncodePathSegment(minuteToken))).
 			Body(buildSpeakerReplaceRequestBody(runtime))
 	},
 	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		minuteToken := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("minute-token"))
-		fromSpeakerID := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("from-speaker-id"))
-		fromUserID := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("from-user-id"))
+		fromSpeakerInput := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("from-speaker-id"))
 		toUserID := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("to-user-id"))
 
-		_, err := runtime.CallAPITyped(http.MethodPut,
+		fromSpeakerID, fromUserID, err := resolveSpeakerReplaceFrom(runtime, minuteToken)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		_, err = runtime.CallAPITyped(http.MethodPut,
 			fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/%s/transcript/speaker", validate.EncodePathSegment(minuteToken)),
 			map[string]interface{}{"user_id_type": "open_id"}, buildSpeakerReplaceRequestBodyResolved(fromSpeakerID, fromUserID, toUserID))
 		if err != nil {
-			return minutesSpeakerReplaceError(err, minuteToken, speakerReplaceSourceLabel(fromSpeakerID, fromUserID))
+			return minutesSpeakerReplaceError(err, minuteToken, speakerReplaceSourceLabel(fromSpeakerInput, fromSpeakerID, fromUserID))
 		}
 
-		runtime.OutFormat(buildSpeakerReplaceOutputData(minuteToken, fromSpeakerID, fromUserID, toUserID), nil, nil)
+		runtime.OutFormat(buildSpeakerReplaceOutputData(fromSpeakerInput, minuteToken, fromSpeakerID, fromUserID, toUserID), nil, nil)
 		return nil
 	},
 }
@@ -107,20 +114,26 @@ func buildSpeakerReplaceRequestBodyResolved(fromSpeakerID, fromUserID, toUserID
 	return body
 }
 
-func buildSpeakerReplaceOutputData(minuteToken, fromSpeakerID, fromUserID, toUserID string) map[string]interface{} {
+func buildSpeakerReplaceOutputData(fromSpeakerInput, minuteToken, fromSpeakerID, fromUserID, toUserID string) map[string]interface{} {
 	out := map[string]interface{}{
 		"minute_token": minuteToken,
 		"to_user_id":   toUserID,
 	}
 	if fromSpeakerID != "" {
 		out["from_speaker_id"] = fromSpeakerID
+		if fromSpeakerInput != "" && fromSpeakerInput != fromSpeakerID {
+			out["from_speaker_input"] = fromSpeakerInput
+		}
 	} else {
 		out["from_user_id"] = fromUserID
 	}
 	return out
 }
 
-func speakerReplaceSourceLabel(fromSpeakerID, fromUserID string) string {
+func speakerReplaceSourceLabel(fromSpeakerInput, fromSpeakerID, fromUserID string) string {
+	if fromSpeakerInput != "" {
+		return fromSpeakerInput
+	}
 	if fromSpeakerID != "" {
 		return fromSpeakerID
 	}

shortcuts/minutes/minutes_speaker_replace_test.go

@@ -153,14 +153,58 @@ func TestMinutesSpeakerReplace_DryRun(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestMinutesSpeakerReplace_Execute_OpaqueSpeakerIDNoPrefetch(t *testing.T) {
+func TestMinutesSpeakerReplace_DryRun_ResolveFromSpeakerID(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
+	f, stdout, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
+	warmTokenCache(t)
+
+	err := mountAndRun(t, MinutesSpeakerReplace, []string{
+		"+speaker-replace",
+		"--minute-token", minutesSpeakerReplaceTestToken,
+		"--from-speaker-id", "说话人1",
+		"--to-user-id", "ou_new_speaker",
+		"--dry-run", "--as", "user",
+	}, f, stdout)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	out := stdout.String()
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "GET") {
+		t.Errorf("expected GET for internal speaker list, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "/transcript/speakerlist") {
+		t.Errorf("expected speakerlist path, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "PUT") {
+		t.Errorf("expected PUT for speaker replace, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "ou_new_speaker") {
+		t.Errorf("expected to_user_id in body, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMinutesSpeakerReplace_Execute_ResolveFromSpeakerID(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Setenv("LARKSUITE_CLI_CONFIG_DIR", t.TempDir())
 	f, stdout, _, reg := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, defaultConfig())
 	warmTokenCache(t)
 
-	// Only the PUT is registered on purpose: an opaque speaker_id must be passed
-	// straight through without a second speakerlist call. If the code still
-	// prefetched speakerlist, the unregistered GET would fail the request.
+	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
+		Method: http.MethodGet,
+		URL:    "/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/" + minutesSpeakerReplaceTestToken + "/transcript/speakerlist",
+		Body: map[string]interface{}{
+			"code": 0,
+			"msg":  "ok",
+			"data": map[string]interface{}{
+				"speakers": []interface{}{
+					map[string]interface{}{
+						"speaker_id": "ENCRYPTED_TOKEN_ABC",
+						"name":       "说话人1",
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
 	reg.Register(&httpmock.Stub{
 		Method: http.MethodPut,
 		URL:    "/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/" + minutesSpeakerReplaceTestToken + "/transcript/speaker",
@@ -174,7 +218,7 @@ func TestMinutesSpeakerReplace_Execute_OpaqueSpeakerIDNoPrefetch(t *testing.T) {
 	err := mountAndRun(t, MinutesSpeakerReplace, []string{
 		"+speaker-replace",
 		"--minute-token", minutesSpeakerReplaceTestToken,
-		"--from-speaker-id", "ENCRYPTED_TOKEN_ABC",
+		"--from-speaker-id", "说话人1",
 		"--to-user-id", "ou_new_speaker",
 		"--format", "json", "--as", "user",
 	}, f, stdout)
@@ -184,19 +228,21 @@ func TestMinutesSpeakerReplace_Execute_OpaqueSpeakerIDNoPrefetch(t *testing.T) {
 
 	var envelope struct {
 		Data struct {
-			FromSpeakerID string `json:"from_speaker_id"`
-			ToUserID      string `json:"to_user_id"`
+			MinuteToken      string `json:"minute_token"`
+			FromSpeakerInput string `json:"from_speaker_input"`
+			FromSpeakerID    string `json:"from_speaker_id"`
+			ToUserID         string `json:"to_user_id"`
 		} `json:"data"`
 	}
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(stdout.Bytes(), &envelope); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("unmarshal stdout: %v", err)
 	}
+	if envelope.Data.FromSpeakerInput != "说话人1" {
+		t.Errorf("data.from_speaker_input = %q, want 说话人1", envelope.Data.FromSpeakerInput)
+	}
 	if envelope.Data.FromSpeakerID != "ENCRYPTED_TOKEN_ABC" {
 		t.Errorf("data.from_speaker_id = %q, want ENCRYPTED_TOKEN_ABC", envelope.Data.FromSpeakerID)
 	}
-	if envelope.Data.ToUserID != "ou_new_speaker" {
-		t.Errorf("data.to_user_id = %q, want ou_new_speaker", envelope.Data.ToUserID)
-	}
 }
 
 func TestMinutesSpeakerReplace_DryRun_FromSpeakerID(t *testing.T) {
@@ -216,11 +262,8 @@ func TestMinutesSpeakerReplace_DryRun_FromSpeakerID(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	out := stdout.String()
-	if strings.Contains(out, "/transcript/speakerlist") {
-		t.Errorf("opaque speaker_id should not prefetch speakerlist, got:\n%s", out)
-	}
-	if !strings.Contains(out, "PUT") {
-		t.Errorf("expected PUT for speaker replace, got:\n%s", out)
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "GET") {
+		t.Errorf("expected GET for internal speaker list, got:\n%s", out)
 	}
 	if !strings.Contains(out, "from_speaker_id") || !strings.Contains(out, "ENCRYPTED_TOKEN_ABC") {
 		t.Errorf("expected from_speaker_id in body, got:\n%s", out)

shortcuts/minutes/minutes_speakers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package minutes
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/validate"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
+)
+
+type minuteSpeaker struct {
+	SpeakerID string
+	Name      string
+}
+
+func minuteTranscriptSpeakerlistPath(minuteToken string) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("/open-apis/minutes/v1/minutes/%s/transcript/speakerlist", validate.EncodePathSegment(minuteToken))
+}
+
+func fetchMinuteSpeakers(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, minuteToken string) ([]minuteSpeaker, error) {
+	data, err := runtime.CallAPITyped(http.MethodGet, minuteTranscriptSpeakerlistPath(minuteToken), nil, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if data == nil {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	items := common.GetSlice(data, "speakers")
+	speakers := make([]minuteSpeaker, 0, len(items))
+	for _, raw := range items {
+		item, _ := raw.(map[string]interface{})
+		if item == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		id := strings.TrimSpace(common.GetString(item, "speaker_id"))
+		name := strings.TrimSpace(common.GetString(item, "name"))
+		if id == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		speakers = append(speakers, minuteSpeaker{SpeakerID: id, Name: name})
+	}
+	return speakers, nil
+}
+
+func resolveSpeakerIDByName(speakers []minuteSpeaker, name string) (string, error) {
+	name = strings.TrimSpace(name)
+	var matches []minuteSpeaker
+	for _, s := range speakers {
+		if s.Name == name {
+			matches = append(matches, s)
+		}
+	}
+	switch len(matches) {
+	case 0:
+		return "", errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeNotFound,
+			"no speaker named %q in minute transcript", name).
+			WithParam("--from-speaker-id").
+			WithHint("Check the speaker name spelling or open the minute to see transcript speaker labels")
+	case 1:
+		return matches[0].SpeakerID, nil
+	default:
+		ids := make([]string, len(matches))
+		for i, m := range matches {
+			ids[i] = m.SpeakerID
+		}
+		return "", errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeFailedPrecondition,
+			"multiple speakers named %q (%d matches); pass the exact --from-speaker-id", name, len(matches)).
+			WithParam("--from-speaker-id").
+			WithHint(fmt.Sprintf("Matching speaker_ids: %s. Review each speaker's utterances in the minute, then retry with the exact speaker_id", strings.Join(ids, ", ")))
+	}
+}
+
+// resolveFromSpeakerID resolves --from-speaker-id to an API speaker_id.
+// The input may already be an opaque speaker_id, or a display name that requires
+// an internal speaker-list fetch.
+func resolveFromSpeakerID(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, minuteToken, input string) (string, error) {
+	input = strings.TrimSpace(input)
+	speakers, err := fetchMinuteSpeakers(runtime, minuteToken)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	for _, s := range speakers {
+		if s.SpeakerID == input {
+			return input, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return resolveSpeakerIDByName(speakers, input)
+}
+
+func resolveSpeakerReplaceFrom(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, minuteToken string) (fromSpeakerID, fromUserID string, err error) {
+	fromUserID = strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("from-user-id"))
+	if fromUserID != "" {
+		return "", fromUserID, nil
+	}
+
+	fromSpeakerID, err = resolveFromSpeakerID(runtime, minuteToken, runtime.Str("from-speaker-id"))
+	return fromSpeakerID, "", err
+}

shortcuts/minutes/minutes_speakers_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package minutes
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
+)
+
+func TestResolveSpeakerIDByName(t *testing.T) {
+	speakers := []minuteSpeaker{
+		{SpeakerID: "id_a", Name: "Alice"},
+		{SpeakerID: "id_b", Name: "Bob"},
+		{SpeakerID: "id_c", Name: "Alice"},
+	}
+
+	id, err := resolveSpeakerIDByName(speakers, "Bob")
+	if err != nil || id != "id_b" {
+		t.Fatalf("resolve Bob: id=%q err=%v", id, err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = resolveSpeakerIDByName(speakers, "Carol")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected not found error")
+	}
+	var ve *errs.ValidationError
+	if !errors.As(err, &ve) || ve.Subtype != errs.SubtypeNotFound {
+		t.Fatalf("want not-found validation error, got %T: %v", err, err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = resolveSpeakerIDByName(speakers, "Alice")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected duplicate name error")
+	}
+	if !errors.As(err, &ve) || ve.Subtype != errs.SubtypeFailedPrecondition {
+		t.Fatalf("want failed-precondition validation error, got %T: %v", err, err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(ve.Hint, "id_a") || !strings.Contains(ve.Hint, "id_c") {
+		t.Errorf("hint should list matching speaker_ids, got: %s", ve.Hint)
+	}
+}

shortcuts/minutes/minutes_upload.go

@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@ package minutes
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"net/url"
-	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/validate"
@@ -67,25 +65,8 @@ var MinutesUpload = common.Shortcut{
 		outData := map[string]interface{}{
 			"minute_url": minuteURL,
 		}
-		if minuteToken := extractUploadedMinuteToken(minuteURL); minuteToken != "" {
-			outData["minute_token"] = minuteToken
-		}
 
 		runtime.OutFormat(outData, nil, nil)
 		return nil
 	},
 }
-
-func extractUploadedMinuteToken(minuteURL string) string {
-	u, err := url.Parse(minuteURL)
-	if err != nil {
-		return ""
-	}
-	parts := strings.Split(strings.TrimRight(u.Path, "/"), "/")
-	for i, part := range parts {
-		if part == "minutes" && i+1 < len(parts) {
-			return parts[i+1]
-		}
-	}
-	return ""
-}

shortcuts/minutes/minutes_upload_test.go

@@ -143,28 +143,4 @@ func TestMinutesUpload_Execute(t *testing.T) {
 	if dataMap["minute_url"] != "https://sample.feishu.cn/minutes/obcnq3b9jl72l83w4f149w9c" {
 		t.Errorf("expected minute_url https://sample.feishu.cn/minutes/obcnq3b9jl72l83w4f149w9c, got %v", dataMap["minute_url"])
 	}
-	if dataMap["minute_token"] != "obcnq3b9jl72l83w4f149w9c" {
-		t.Errorf("expected minute_token obcnq3b9jl72l83w4f149w9c, got %v", dataMap["minute_token"])
-	}
-}
-
-func TestExtractUploadedMinuteToken(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		name string
-		url  string
-		want string
-	}{
-		{name: "standard", url: "https://sample.feishu.cn/minutes/obcnq3b9jl72l83w4f149w9c", want: "obcnq3b9jl72l83w4f149w9c"},
-		{name: "query", url: "https://sample.feishu.cn/minutes/obcn123?from=upload", want: "obcn123"},
-		{name: "trailing slash", url: "https://sample.feishu.cn/minutes/obcn123/", want: "obcn123"},
-		{name: "invalid", url: "://bad", want: ""},
-		{name: "no minutes path", url: "https://sample.feishu.cn/docx/abc", want: ""},
-	}
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			if got := extractUploadedMinuteToken(tt.url); got != tt.want {
-				t.Fatalf("extractUploadedMinuteToken(%q) = %q, want %q", tt.url, got, tt.want)
-			}
-		})
-	}
 }

shortcuts/register.go

@@ -205,16 +205,18 @@ func installBrandRestrictionGuard(svc *cobra.Command, service string, brand core
 	svc.Long = fmt.Sprintf("The %q feature is not yet supported on the %s brand.", service, brand)
 }
 
-// Sheets backward-compatibility help grouping.
+// Sheets backward-compatibility grouping.
 //
 // shortcuts/sheets/backward keeps the pre-refactor command names alive so that
 // users whose lark-sheets skill predates the refactor keep working even after
-// upgrading only the binary. In `sheets --help` those aliases would otherwise
-// sort alphabetically into the same flat list as the current commands,
-// indistinguishable from them. applySheetsCompatGroups splits them into a
-// dedicated cobra group whose heading tells the user to update their skill, and
-// appends a "(→ +new-command)" pointer to each alias so the migration target is
-// obvious. Pure presentation — the aliases stay fully executable.
+// upgrading only the binary. applySheetsCompatGroups tags each alias into a
+// dedicated deprecated cobra group. The refactored commands have been the
+// default for over a month, so `sheets --help` no longer lists these aliases:
+// sheetsUsageTemplate renders every group except the deprecated one. The
+// grouping is still applied for two reasons — the unknown-subcommand path
+// (cmd/root.go) keys off it to classify a mistyped legacy alias, and each
+// alias's own `sheets <alias> --help` still surfaces the "(→ +new-command)"
+// migration pointer appended below. The aliases stay fully executable.
 const (
 	sheetsCurrentGroupID = "sheets-current"
 	// sheetsDeprecatedGroupID aliases the shared deprecated-group id so both
@@ -224,9 +226,10 @@ const (
 )
 
 // sheetsAliasReplacement maps each pre-refactor sheets alias to the current
-// command(s) that replace it, shown as a "(→ ...)" suffix in --help. Aliases
-// absent from this map still land in the deprecated group, just without a
-// pointer, so a missing entry degrades gracefully rather than misgrouping.
+// command(s) that replace it, shown as a "(→ ...)" suffix in the alias's own
+// --help and reused by wrapSheetsBackwardDeprecation for the on-execution
+// _notice. Aliases absent from this map still land in the deprecated group,
+// just without a pointer, so a missing entry degrades gracefully.
 var sheetsAliasReplacement = map[string]string{
 	// spreadsheet / sheet management
 	"+create":       "+workbook-create",
@@ -279,6 +282,43 @@ var sheetsAliasReplacement = map[string]string{
 	"+delete-float-image": "+float-image-delete",
 }
 
+// sheetsUsageTemplate is cobra v1.10.2's stock usage template with a single
+// change: the group loop is guarded by {{if ne $group.ID "deprecated"}} so the
+// deprecated pre-refactor aliases are omitted from `sheets --help` altogether.
+// Everything else — current commands, ungrouped metaapi subcommands under
+// "Additional Commands", flags — renders exactly as cobra's default. Keep in
+// sync with cobra's defaultUsageTemplate on upgrade.
+var sheetsUsageTemplate = fmt.Sprintf(`Usage:{{if .Runnable}}
+  {{.UseLine}}{{end}}{{if .HasAvailableSubCommands}}
+  {{.CommandPath}} [command]{{end}}{{if gt (len .Aliases) 0}}
+
+Aliases:
+  {{.NameAndAliases}}{{end}}{{if .HasExample}}
+
+Examples:
+{{.Example}}{{end}}{{if .HasAvailableSubCommands}}{{$cmds := .Commands}}{{if eq (len .Groups) 0}}
+
+Available Commands:{{range $cmds}}{{if (or .IsAvailableCommand (eq .Name "help"))}}
+  {{rpad .Name .NamePadding }} {{.Short}}{{end}}{{end}}{{else}}{{range $group := .Groups}}{{if ne $group.ID %q}}
+
+{{.Title}}{{range $cmds}}{{if (and (eq .GroupID $group.ID) (or .IsAvailableCommand (eq .Name "help")))}}
+  {{rpad .Name .NamePadding }} {{.Short}}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}{{if not .AllChildCommandsHaveGroup}}
+
+Additional Commands:{{range $cmds}}{{if (and (eq .GroupID "") (or .IsAvailableCommand (eq .Name "help")))}}
+  {{rpad .Name .NamePadding }} {{.Short}}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}{{if .HasAvailableLocalFlags}}
+
+Flags:
+{{.LocalFlags.FlagUsages | trimTrailingWhitespaces}}{{end}}{{if .HasAvailableInheritedFlags}}
+
+Global Flags:
+{{.InheritedFlags.FlagUsages | trimTrailingWhitespaces}}{{end}}{{if .HasHelpSubCommands}}
+
+Additional help topics:{{range .Commands}}{{if .IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand}}
+  {{rpad .CommandPath .CommandPathPadding}} {{.Short}}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}{{if .HasAvailableSubCommands}}
+
+Use "{{.CommandPath}} [command] --help" for more information about a command.{{end}}
+`, sheetsDeprecatedGroupID)
+
 func applySheetsCompatGroups(svc *cobra.Command) {
 	svc.AddGroup(
 		&cobra.Group{ID: sheetsCurrentGroupID, Title: "Available Commands:"},
@@ -310,6 +350,11 @@ func applySheetsCompatGroups(svc *cobra.Command) {
 			c.GroupID = sheetsCurrentGroupID
 		}
 	}
+
+	// Refactored commands have been the default for over a month: drop the
+	// deprecated group from `sheets --help` (see sheetsUsageTemplate). The
+	// aliases remain grouped and executable, just no longer advertised here.
+	svc.SetUsageTemplate(sheetsUsageTemplate)
 }
 
 // wrapSheetsBackwardDeprecation decorates each backward-compatibility sheets

shortcuts/register_test.go

@@ -170,27 +170,6 @@ func TestRegisterShortcutsMountsDocsMediaPreview(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestRegisterShortcutsMountsDocsHistoryCommands(t *testing.T) {
-	program := &cobra.Command{Use: "root"}
-	RegisterShortcuts(program, newRegisterTestFactory(t))
-
-	for _, name := range []string{"+history-list", "+history-revert", "+history-revert-status"} {
-		cmd, _, err := program.Find([]string{"docs", name})
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("find docs %s shortcut: %v", name, err)
-		}
-		if cmd == nil || cmd.Name() != name {
-			t.Fatalf("docs %s shortcut not mounted: %#v", name, cmd)
-		}
-		if cmd.Flags().Lookup("api-version") != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("docs %s should not expose --api-version", name)
-		}
-		if !strings.Contains(cmd.Long, "lark-cli skills read lark-doc references/lark-doc-history.md") {
-			t.Fatalf("docs %s help missing history skill guidance:\n%s", name, cmd.Long)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 func TestRegisterShortcutsDocsHelpAddsSkillReadGuidance(t *testing.T) {
 	program := &cobra.Command{Use: "root"}
 	RegisterShortcuts(program, newRegisterTestFactory(t))
@@ -532,10 +511,11 @@ func TestApplySheetsCompatGroups(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-// End-to-end: the rendered `sheets --help` must surface the deprecated-group
-// heading (telling users to update their skill) plus the per-alias migration
-// pointers, while keeping the refactored shortcuts under Available Commands.
-func TestRegisterShortcutsSheetsHelpGroupsDeprecatedAliases(t *testing.T) {
+// End-to-end: `sheets --help` must list refactored shortcuts under Available
+// Commands, but no longer advertise the deprecated pre-refactor aliases or the
+// deprecated group heading (sheetsUsageTemplate skips that group). The aliases
+// stay registered and executable — hidden from the parent listing, not removed.
+func TestRegisterShortcutsSheetsHelpHidesDeprecatedAliases(t *testing.T) {
 	program := &cobra.Command{Use: "root"}
 	RegisterShortcuts(program, newRegisterTestFactory(t))
 
@@ -551,19 +531,25 @@ func TestRegisterShortcutsSheetsHelpGroupsDeprecatedAliases(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	got := out.String()
 
-	for _, want := range []string{
-		"Available Commands:",
-		"Deprecated pre-refactor commands",
-		"update your lark-sheets skill",
-		"+read",
-		"(→ +cells-get)",
-		"+write",
-		"(→ +cells-set)",
-	} {
+	for _, want := range []string{"Available Commands:", "+cells-get"} {
 		if !strings.Contains(got, want) {
 			t.Fatalf("sheets help missing %q:\n%s", want, got)
 		}
 	}
+	for _, unwanted := range []string{
+		"Deprecated pre-refactor commands",
+		"update your lark-sheets skill",
+		"+read",
+		"+write",
+	} {
+		if strings.Contains(got, unwanted) {
+			t.Fatalf("sheets help still shows deprecated content %q:\n%s", unwanted, got)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if alias, _, ferr := sheetsCmd.Find([]string{"+read"}); ferr != nil || alias == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("deprecated alias +read should stay registered, got err=%v cmd=%v", ferr, alias)
+	}
 }
 
 // wrapSheetsBackwardDeprecation must decorate each alias's Execute so that

shortcuts/sheets/backward/lark_sheets_float_images.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ package backward
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
@@ -17,20 +18,30 @@ import (
 
 // Drive media parent_type values for uploading an image into a spreadsheet.
 // Native spreadsheets use "sheet_image"; imported "office" spreadsheets carry a
-// synthetic token prefixed with "fake_office_" and the backend requires
-// "office_sheet_file" instead.
+// synthetic token prefixed with "fake_office_" (being renamed to
+// "local_office_") and the backend requires "office_sheet_file" instead.
 const (
 	sheetImageParentType      = "sheet_image"
 	officeSheetFileParentType = "office_sheet_file"
 	fakeOfficeTokenPrefix     = "fake_office_"
+	localOfficeTokenPrefix    = "local_office_"
 )
 
+// officeTokenPrefixes are the synthetic token prefixes an imported "office"
+// spreadsheet may carry. The prefix is being renamed from "fake_office_" to
+// "local_office_"; accept either so image uploads keep working across the
+// rename.
+var officeTokenPrefixes = []string{fakeOfficeTokenPrefix, localOfficeTokenPrefix}
+
 // sheetMediaParentType returns the drive media parent_type to use when
-// uploading an image whose parent_node is spreadsheetToken, mapping the
-// "fake_office_" imported-spreadsheet token prefix to "office_sheet_file".
+// uploading an image whose parent_node is spreadsheetToken, mapping either the
+// "fake_office_" or "local_office_" imported-spreadsheet token prefix to
+// "office_sheet_file".
 func sheetMediaParentType(spreadsheetToken string) string {
-	if strings.HasPrefix(spreadsheetToken, fakeOfficeTokenPrefix) {
-		return officeSheetFileParentType
+	for _, prefix := range officeTokenPrefixes {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(spreadsheetToken, prefix) {
+			return officeSheetFileParentType
+		}
 	}
 	return sheetImageParentType
 }
@@ -135,7 +146,8 @@ func validateSheetMediaUploadFile(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, filePath strin
 	stat, err := runtime.FileIO().Stat(filePath)
 	if err != nil {
 		wrapped := common.WrapInputStatErrorTyped(err, "file not found")
-		if v, ok := wrapped.(*errs.ValidationError); ok {
+		var v *errs.ValidationError
+		if errors.As(wrapped, &v) {
 			return "", nil, v.WithParam("--file")
 		}
 		return "", nil, wrapped

shortcuts/sheets/batch_op_contract_test.go

@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ func TestBatchOp_BodyMatchesStandalone(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			shortcut: "+rows-resize",
 			sc:       RowsResize,
-			args:     []string{"--sheet-id", "sh1", "--range", "1", "--type", "pixel", "--size", "30"},
-			subInput: `{"sheet-id":"sh1","range":"1","type":"pixel","size":30}`,
+			args:     []string{"--sheet-id", "sh1", "--range", "1", "--height", "30"},
+			subInput: `{"sheet-id":"sh1","range":"1","height":30}`,
 		},
 		{
 			shortcut: "+cols-resize",
@@ -409,12 +409,12 @@ func TestBatchOp_ErrorEquivalence(t *testing.T) {
 			wantContains: "--count must be > 0",
 		},
 		{
-			name:         "+rows-resize --type pixel without --size",
+			name:         "+rows-resize --height with --type standard",
 			shortcut:     RowsResize,
-			args:         []string{"--sheet-id", "sh1", "--range", "1:2", "--type", "pixel"},
+			args:         []string{"--sheet-id", "sh1", "--range", "1:2", "--height", "30", "--type", "standard"},
 			subShortcut:  "+rows-resize",
-			subInput:     `{"sheet-id":"sh1","range":"1:2","type":"pixel"}`,
-			wantContains: "--type pixel requires --size",
+			subInput:     `{"sheet-id":"sh1","range":"1:2","height":30,"type":"standard"}`,
+			wantContains: "--height cannot be combined with --type standard",
 		},
 		{
 			name:         "+sheet-delete missing sheet selector",
@@ -469,6 +469,34 @@ func TestBatchOp_ErrorEquivalence(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestBatchOp_RejectsResizeMapForm locks the nesting guard: the map form
+// (--widths/--heights) expands into its own batch_update, and batch_update
+// cannot nest, so a +batch-update sub-op carrying `widths`/`heights` must be
+// rejected with a pointer to the standalone form — it is standalone-valid,
+// so this case cannot live in the standalone-vs-batch equivalence table.
+func TestBatchOp_RejectsResizeMapForm(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	cases := []struct {
+		shortcut string
+		input    string
+	}{
+		{"+cols-resize", `{"sheet-id":"sh1","widths":{"A":100}}`},
+		{"+rows-resize", `{"sheet-id":"sh1","heights":{"1":50}}`},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.shortcut, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			var subInput map[string]interface{}
+			if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(tc.input), &subInput); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("bad input JSON: %v", err)
+			}
+			rawOp := map[string]interface{}{"shortcut": tc.shortcut, "input": subInput}
+			_, err := translateBatchOp(rawOp, testToken, 0)
+			requireValidation(t, err, "not supported inside +batch-update")
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 // TestBatchOp_RejectsWrongScalarType locks the type-check that closes the
 // silent-coercion gap: `operations` skips parse-time schema validation, and
 // mapFlagView coerces a mismatched scalar to its zero value, so a sub-op field
@@ -611,10 +639,10 @@ func TestBatchOp_RejectsBadSubOpInput(t *testing.T) {
 			"--position is required",
 		},
 		{
-			"+rows-resize missing --type",
+			"+rows-resize missing both --height and --type",
 			"+rows-resize",
 			`{"sheet-id":"sh1","range":"1:1"}`,
-			"--type is required",
+			"give --height <px> for a pixel size, or --type standard / auto",
 		},
 		{
 			"+range-copy missing --target-range",
@@ -802,7 +830,7 @@ func TestBatchOp_DispatchCoversReportedBugs(t *testing.T) {
 	// bare single-element ranges.
 	body = parseDryRunBody(t, BatchUpdate, []string{
 		"--url", testURL,
-		"--operations", `[{"shortcut":"+rows-resize","input":{"sheet-id":"sh1","range":"23","type":"pixel","size":40}}]`,
+		"--operations", `[{"shortcut":"+rows-resize","input":{"sheet-id":"sh1","range":"23","height":40}}]`,
 		"--yes",
 	})
 	ops = decodeToolInput(t, body, "batch_update")["operations"].([]interface{})

shortcuts/sheets/batch_op_dispatch.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 package sheets
 
 import (
+	"sort"
 	"strings"
 )
 
@@ -118,10 +119,19 @@ var batchOpDispatch = map[string]batchOpMapping{
 	}},
 
 	// ─── 行高列宽 (resize_range, 无 operation 字段) ─────────────────
+	// The map form (--heights/--widths) fans out into its own batch_update
+	// and cannot nest inside +batch-update; sub-ops must use the uniform
+	// single-range form (range + height/width or type).
 	"+rows-resize": {"resize_range", func(fv flagView, token, sid, sname string) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
+		if err := rejectResizeMapInBatch(fv, "row"); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 		return resizeInput(fv, token, sid, sname, "row")
 	}},
 	"+cols-resize": {"resize_range", func(fv flagView, token, sid, sname string) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
+		if err := rejectResizeMapInBatch(fv, "column"); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 		return resizeInput(fv, token, sid, sname, "column")
 	}},
 
@@ -197,6 +207,54 @@ var batchOpDispatch = map[string]batchOpMapping{
 	"+float-image-delete": {"manage_float_image_object", objDeleteTranslate(floatImageDeleteSpec)},
 }
 
+// allowedBatchShortcuts lists every shortcut accepted inside +batch-update,
+// sorted, for the not-allowed error hint.
+func allowedBatchShortcuts() []string {
+	out := make([]string, 0, len(batchOpDispatch))
+	for sc := range batchOpDispatch {
+		out = append(out, sc)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(out)
+	return out
+}
+
+// subOpInputContract renders one shortcut's complete sub-op key vocabulary
+// (wire-style underscore names) for the translator-failure hint: required
+// flags are marked, the sheet selector pair collapses to a choose-one, and
+// spreadsheet locators are omitted (reserved for the batch top level).
+// Returns "" for shortcuts without a flag-defs entry.
+func subOpInputContract(sc string) string {
+	defs, _ := loadFlagDefs()
+	spec, ok := defs[sc]
+	if !ok {
+		return ""
+	}
+	idFlag, nameFlag := sheetSelectorFlagsForSubOp(sc)
+	var keys []string
+	sheetSelector := ""
+	for _, df := range spec.Flags {
+		if df.Kind == "system" || df.Hidden {
+			continue
+		}
+		switch df.Name {
+		case "url", "spreadsheet-token":
+			continue // reserved: supplied by +batch-update top level
+		case idFlag, nameFlag:
+			sheetSelector = strings.ReplaceAll(idFlag, "-", "_") + "|" + strings.ReplaceAll(nameFlag, "-", "_") + " (choose one)"
+			continue
+		}
+		key := strings.ReplaceAll(df.Name, "-", "_")
+		if df.Required == "required" {
+			key += " (required)"
+		}
+		keys = append(keys, key)
+	}
+	if sheetSelector != "" {
+		keys = append([]string{sheetSelector}, keys...)
+	}
+	return strings.Join(keys, ", ")
+}
+
 // rejectLocalImageInBatch blocks the local-file --image source inside
 // +batch-update: a batch sub-op has no upload phase, so the file could not be
 // turned into a file_token. Callers must pass --image-token / --image-uri.
@@ -262,7 +320,8 @@ func translateBatchOp(raw interface{}, token string, index int) (map[string]inte
 	}
 	scRaw, present := op["shortcut"]
 	if !present {
-		return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag("operations", "operations[%d]: 'shortcut' field is required", index)
+		return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag("operations", "operations[%d]: 'shortcut' field is required", index).
+			WithHint(`each entry must look like {"shortcut":"+cells-set","input":{"sheet_name":"…","range":"A1:B2","cells":[[…]]}} — input uses the shortcut's own flag names`)
 	}
 	sc, ok := scRaw.(string)
 	if !ok || sc == "" {
@@ -270,13 +329,15 @@ func translateBatchOp(raw interface{}, token string, index int) (map[string]inte
 	}
 	mapping, ok := batchOpDispatch[sc]
 	if !ok {
+		// Inline the full allow-list: an agent that guessed a read op or a
+		// fan-out wrapper can pick the right shortcut immediately instead of
+		// spending a --print-schema round trip on the operations enum.
 		return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag(
 			"operations",
 			"operations[%d]: shortcut %q not allowed in +batch-update "+
-				"(read ops / fan-out wrappers like +batch-update / +cells-batch-set-style / +cells-batch-clear / +dropdown-{update,delete} are excluded; "+
-				"run `lark-cli sheets +batch-update --print-schema --flag-name operations` to see the full enum)",
+				"(read ops / fan-out wrappers like +batch-update / +cells-batch-set-style / +cells-batch-clear / +dropdown-{update,delete} are excluded)",
 			index, sc,
-		)
+		).WithHint("allowed shortcuts: %s", strings.Join(allowedBatchShortcuts(), ", "))
 	}
 	inputRaw, hasInput := op["input"]
 	var input map[string]interface{}
@@ -324,7 +385,14 @@ func translateBatchOp(raw interface{}, token string, index int) (map[string]inte
 	sheetName := strings.TrimSpace(fv.Str(sheetNameFlag))
 	body, err := mapping.translate(fv, token, sheetID, sheetName)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag("operations", "operations[%d] (%s): %v", index, sc, err)
+		// The inner error names one problem at a time (first missing flag);
+		// the hint lists the sub-op's complete key contract so an agent fixes
+		// every gap in a single retry instead of iterating flag by flag.
+		verr := sheetsValidationForFlag("operations", "operations[%d] (%s): %v", index, sc, err)
+		if contract := subOpInputContract(sc); contract != "" {
+			verr = verr.WithHint("%s input keys: %s", sc, contract)
+		}
+		return nil, verr
 	}
 	return map[string]interface{}{
 		"tool_name": mapping.mcpToolName,
@@ -332,11 +400,23 @@ func translateBatchOp(raw interface{}, token string, index int) (map[string]inte
 	}, nil
 }
 
+// maxBatchOperations caps how many sub-operations a single +batch-update may
+// carry. Every translated op (with its own cells/properties payload) is held in
+// the out slice at once before the whole batch is marshaled, so an unbounded
+// operation count is the same unbounded-materialization hazard as the fan-out
+// matrix, on the operations axis.
+const maxBatchOperations = 100
+
 // translateBatchOperations 翻译整个 ops 数组；fail-fast，遇错立即返回。
 func translateBatchOperations(rawOps []interface{}, token string) ([]interface{}, error) {
 	if len(rawOps) == 0 {
 		return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag("operations", "--operations must be a non-empty JSON array")
 	}
+	if len(rawOps) > maxBatchOperations {
+		batches := (len(rawOps) + maxBatchOperations - 1) / maxBatchOperations
+		return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag("operations", "--operations accepts at most %d entries; got %d", maxBatchOperations, len(rawOps)).
+			WithHint("split the operations into %d separate +batch-update calls of at most %d entries each", batches, maxBatchOperations)
+	}
 	out := make([]interface{}, 0, len(rawOps))
 	for i, raw := range rawOps {
 		translated, err := translateBatchOp(raw, token, i)

shortcuts/sheets/csv_put_stdin_fallback_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package sheets
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/cmdutil"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// +csv-put lets a piped CSV satisfy an omitted --csv: agents routinely redirect
+// a file into stdin but forget the `--csv -`. PostMount relaxes the required
+// gate and installs a PreRunE that, when stdin is a non-interactive pipe,
+// defaults an absent --csv to "-" so the standard stdin path reads it. On an
+// interactive terminal the fallback stays off so the command never blocks.
+func mountCsvPut(t *testing.T) *cobra.Command {
+	t.Helper()
+	f, _, _, _ := cmdutil.TestFactory(t, nil)
+	parent := &cobra.Command{Use: "sheets"}
+	CsvPut.Mount(parent, f)
+	cmd, _, err := parent.Find([]string{"+csv-put"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Find(+csv-put) error = %v", err)
+	}
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func csvRequiredAnnotationPresent(cmd *cobra.Command) bool {
+	fl := cmd.Flags().Lookup("csv")
+	if fl == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	_, ok := fl.Annotations[cobra.BashCompOneRequiredFlag]
+	return ok
+}
+
+// withStdinIsPipe swaps the package-level pipe detector for the duration of a
+// test so behavior does not depend on the real process stdin.
+func withStdinIsPipe(t *testing.T, piped bool) {
+	t.Helper()
+	prev := csvPutStdinIsPipe
+	csvPutStdinIsPipe = func() bool { return piped }
+	t.Cleanup(func() { csvPutStdinIsPipe = prev })
+}
+
+func TestCsvPutPostMount_RelaxesCsvRequired(t *testing.T) {
+	cmd := mountCsvPut(t)
+	if csvRequiredAnnotationPresent(cmd) {
+		t.Error("--csv required annotation should be relaxed so csvPutInput reports the typed error")
+	}
+	if cmd.PreRunE == nil {
+		t.Fatal("PostMount should install a PreRunE for the stdin fallback")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCsvPutPreRunE_PipedAbsentDefaultsToDash(t *testing.T) {
+	withStdinIsPipe(t, true)
+	cmd := mountCsvPut(t)
+	if err := cmd.PreRunE(cmd, nil); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("PreRunE error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if got, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("csv"); got != "-" {
+		t.Errorf("csv = %q, want %q (piped + absent should default to '-')", got, "-")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCsvPutPreRunE_InteractiveAbsentStaysEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	withStdinIsPipe(t, false)
+	cmd := mountCsvPut(t)
+	if err := cmd.PreRunE(cmd, nil); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("PreRunE error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if got, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("csv"); got != "" {
+		t.Errorf("csv = %q, want empty (interactive stdin must not be consumed / must not hang)", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCsvPutPreRunE_ExplicitValueUnchanged(t *testing.T) {
+	withStdinIsPipe(t, true)
+	cmd := mountCsvPut(t)
+	if err := cmd.Flags().Set("csv", "x,y"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Set(csv) error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := cmd.PreRunE(cmd, nil); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("PreRunE error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if got, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("csv"); got != "x,y" {
+		t.Errorf("csv = %q, want %q (explicit value must not be overridden)", got, "x,y")
+	}
+}

shortcuts/sheets/data/flag-defs.json

@@ -1,4 +1,59 @@
 {
+  "+formula-verify": {
+    "risk": "read",
+    "flags": [
+      {
+        "name": "url",
+        "kind": "public",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Spreadsheet URL (XOR with `--spreadsheet-token`)"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "spreadsheet-token",
+        "kind": "public",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Spreadsheet token (XOR with `--url`)"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "sheet-id",
+        "kind": "public",
+        "type": "string_slice",
+        "required": "optional",
+        "desc": "Sheet reference_id(s); repeat or comma-separate to scan multiple sheets. Omit to scan all visible sheets."
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "sheet-name",
+        "kind": "public",
+        "type": "string_slice",
+        "required": "optional",
+        "desc": "Sheet name(s); repeat or comma-separate to scan multiple sheets. Omit to scan all visible sheets."
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "range",
+        "kind": "own",
+        "type": "string_slice",
+        "required": "optional",
+        "desc": "Optional A1 ranges (e.g. `A1:Z200`); repeat or comma-separate for multiple ranges. Omit to scan each sheet's current_region."
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "max-locations",
+        "kind": "own",
+        "type": "int",
+        "required": "optional",
+        "desc": "Max locations / samples per error type; default 20.",
+        "default": "20"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "exit-on-error",
+        "kind": "own",
+        "type": "bool",
+        "required": "optional",
+        "desc": "When status=errors_found, exit non-zero. Useful for CI gate after batch formula writes."
+      }
+    ]
+  },
   "+workbook-info": {
     "risk": "read",
     "flags": [
@@ -25,6 +80,32 @@
       }
     ]
   },
+  "+revision-get": {
+    "risk": "read",
+    "flags": [
+      {
+        "name": "url",
+        "kind": "public",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Spreadsheet locator"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "spreadsheet-token",
+        "kind": "public",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Spreadsheet locator"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "dry-run",
+        "kind": "system",
+        "type": "bool",
+        "required": "optional",
+        "desc": ""
+      }
+    ]
+  },
   "+sheet-create": {
     "risk": "write",
     "flags": [
@@ -73,6 +154,17 @@
         "desc": "Initial column count (default 20, max 200)",
         "default": "20"
       },
+      {
+        "name": "type",
+        "kind": "own",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "optional",
+        "desc": "New sub-sheet type: sheet (spreadsheet); default sheet.",
+        "default": "sheet",
+        "enum": [
+          "sheet"
+        ]
+      },
       {
         "name": "dry-run",
         "kind": "system",
@@ -219,7 +311,7 @@
         "kind": "own",
         "type": "int",
         "required": "optional",
-        "desc": "Source position (0-based); optional. If omitted, the CLI runtime derives it from the current workbook index of `--sheet-id` / `--sheet-name`",
+        "desc": "Source position (0-based); optional for standalone calls — if omitted, the CLI runtime derives it from the current workbook index of `--sheet-id` / `--sheet-name`. Inside `+batch-update` it must be passed explicitly, since batch cannot issue a structure query mid-run to derive it",
         "default": "-1"
       },
       {
@@ -515,7 +607,7 @@
         "kind": "own",
         "type": "string",
         "required": "optional",
-        "desc": "Untyped initial data as one 2D JSON array (`[[\"alice\",95]]`); values are written as-is with their type auto-detected, through the same batched set_cell_range path as --sheets — pair with --styles for number formats, colors, merges, and row/col sizes",
+        "desc": "Untyped initial data as one 2D JSON array (`[[\"alice\",95]]`); values are written as-is with their type auto-detected (dates / numbers land as text — use --sheets to preserve types), through the same batched set_cell_range path as --sheets — pair with --styles for number formats, colors, merges, and row/col sizes",
         "input": [
           "file",
           "stdin"
@@ -1069,7 +1161,7 @@
         "kind": "own",
         "type": "int",
         "required": "optional",
-        "desc": "Group nesting level to ungroup; default 1 (outermost)",
+        "desc": "Group nesting level to ungroup; default 1 (1 = outermost, larger = deeper)",
         "default": "1"
       },
       {
@@ -1711,6 +1803,13 @@
         "required": "optional",
         "desc": "Font color (hex, e.g. `#000000`)"
       },
+      {
+        "name": "font-family",
+        "kind": "own",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "optional",
+        "desc": "Font family name (e.g. `Arial`, `Microsoft YaHei`)"
+      },
       {
         "name": "font-size",
         "kind": "own",
@@ -2294,32 +2393,43 @@
         "required": "xor",
         "desc": "Sheet name (XOR with `--sheet-id`)"
       },
+      {
+        "name": "height",
+        "kind": "own",
+        "type": "int",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Uniform row height in pixels (e.g. 30 / 40 / 60; NOT points), used with `--range`. Passing --height implies pixel mode; --type may be omitted (or set to `pixel` — equivalent). For per-row heights use `--heights`",
+        "default": "0"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "heights",
+        "kind": "own",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Per-row height map — set different heights for many rows in one atomic call. Keys: single row (`\"1\"`) or closed range (`\"2:20\"`); values: pixel height (e.g. 30 / 50), `\"auto\"` (fit content) or `\"standard\"` (reset to default). Units are pixels, NOT points. Mutually exclusive with `--range` / `--height` / `--type`",
+        "input": [
+          "file",
+          "stdin"
+        ]
+      },
       {
         "name": "type",
         "kind": "own",
         "type": "string",
-        "required": "required",
-        "desc": "Sizing mode: `pixel` (explicit px value, requires `--size`) / `standard` (reset to default row height) / `auto` (fit content)",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Sizing mode: `pixel` (requires `--height`) / `standard` (reset to default row height) / `auto` (fit content). Passing --height alone is the common form; `--type standard` / `--type auto` cannot be combined with `--height`",
         "enum": [
           "pixel",
           "standard",
           "auto"
         ]
       },
-      {
-        "name": "size",
-        "kind": "own",
-        "type": "int",
-        "required": "optional",
-        "desc": "Row height in pixels (e.g. 30 / 40 / 60); required when `--type pixel`, ignored otherwise",
-        "default": "0"
-      },
       {
         "name": "range",
         "kind": "own",
         "type": "string",
-        "required": "required",
-        "desc": "Row closed range to resize; 1-based row numbers like `2:10` or `5` (single row)"
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Row closed range to resize; 1-based row numbers like `2:10` or `5` (single row). Required for the uniform form (with `--height` or `--type`); omit with the map form (`--heights`)"
       },
       {
         "name": "dry-run",
@@ -2361,31 +2471,42 @@
         "required": "xor",
         "desc": "Sheet name (XOR with `--sheet-id`)"
       },
+      {
+        "name": "width",
+        "kind": "own",
+        "type": "int",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Uniform column width in pixels (e.g. 80 / 120 / 200; NOT Excel character units), used with `--range`. Passing --width implies pixel mode; --type may be omitted (or set to `pixel` — equivalent). For per-column widths use `--widths`",
+        "default": "0"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "widths",
+        "kind": "own",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Per-column width map — set different widths for many columns in one atomic call. Keys: single column (`\"A\"`) or closed range (`\"C:E\"`); values: pixel width (e.g. 80 / 120 / 200) or `\"standard\"` (reset to default). Units are pixels, NOT Excel character units (px ≈ chars × 8 + 16). Mutually exclusive with `--range` / `--width` / `--type`",
+        "input": [
+          "file",
+          "stdin"
+        ]
+      },
       {
         "name": "type",
         "kind": "own",
         "type": "string",
-        "required": "required",
-        "desc": "Sizing mode: `pixel` (explicit px value, requires `--size`) / `standard` (reset to default column width)",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Sizing mode: `pixel` (requires `--width`) / `standard` (reset to default column width). Passing --width alone is the common form; `--type standard` cannot be combined with `--width`",
         "enum": [
           "pixel",
           "standard"
         ]
       },
-      {
-        "name": "size",
-        "kind": "own",
-        "type": "int",
-        "required": "optional",
-        "desc": "Column width in pixels (e.g. 80 / 120 / 200); required when `--type pixel`, ignored otherwise",
-        "default": "0"
-      },
       {
         "name": "range",
         "kind": "own",
         "type": "string",
-        "required": "required",
-        "desc": "Column closed range to resize; column letters like `A:E` or `C` (single column)"
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Column closed range to resize; column letters like `A:E` or `C` (single column). Required for the uniform form (with `--width` or `--type`); omit with the map form (`--widths`)"
       },
       {
         "name": "dry-run",
@@ -2739,7 +2860,7 @@
         "kind": "own",
         "type": "string",
         "required": "required",
-        "desc": "Target ranges as a JSON array (e.g. `[\"'Sheet1'!A1:B2\",\"'Sheet2'!D1:D10\"]`); each item must include a sheet prefix; the prefix must be the sheet display name (e.g. `Sheet1`), not the sheet reference_id; ranges may target different sheets; the same style is applied to every range",
+        "desc": "Target ranges as a JSON array (e.g. `[\"Sheet1!A1:B2\",\"Sheet2!D1:D10\"]`, prefix written bare without quotes); each prefix must exactly match the sheet display name (case-sensitive), not the sheet reference_id; ranges may target different sheets; the same style is applied to every range",
         "input": [
           "file",
           "stdin"
@@ -2759,6 +2880,13 @@
         "required": "optional",
         "desc": "Font color (hex, e.g. `#000000`)"
       },
+      {
+        "name": "font-family",
+        "kind": "own",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "optional",
+        "desc": "Font family name (e.g. `Arial`, `Microsoft YaHei`)"
+      },
       {
         "name": "font-size",
         "kind": "own",
@@ -2885,7 +3013,7 @@
         "kind": "own",
         "type": "string",
         "required": "required",
-        "desc": "Target ranges as a JSON array (e.g. `[\"'Sheet1'!A2:A100\",\"'Sheet1'!C2:C100\"]`); each item must include a sheet prefix; the prefix must be the sheet display name (e.g. `Sheet1`), not the sheet reference_id",
+        "desc": "Target ranges as a JSON array (e.g. `[\"Sheet1!A2:A100\",\"Sheet1!C2:C100\"]`, prefix written bare without quotes); each item must include a sheet prefix; the prefix must exactly match the sheet display name (case-sensitive), not the sheet reference_id",
         "input": [
           "file",
           "stdin"
@@ -2965,7 +3093,7 @@
         "kind": "own",
         "type": "string",
         "required": "required",
-        "desc": "Target ranges as a JSON array (up to 100 items, e.g. `[\"'Sheet1'!E2:E6\"]`); each item must include a sheet prefix; the prefix must be the sheet display name (e.g. `Sheet1`), not the sheet reference_id",
+        "desc": "Target ranges as a JSON array (up to 100 items, e.g. `[\"Sheet1!E2:E6\"]`, prefix written bare without quotes); each item must include a sheet prefix; the prefix must exactly match the sheet display name (case-sensitive), not the sheet reference_id",
         "input": [
           "file",
           "stdin"
@@ -3009,7 +3137,7 @@
         "kind": "own",
         "type": "string",
         "required": "required",
-        "desc": "Target ranges as a JSON array (e.g. `[\"'Sheet1'!A2:Z1000\",\"'Sheet2'!A2:Z1000\"]`); each item must include a sheet prefix; the prefix must be the sheet display name (e.g. `Sheet1`), not the sheet reference_id; ranges may target different sheets; the same scope is cleared from every range",
+        "desc": "Target ranges as a JSON array (e.g. `[\"Sheet1!A2:Z1000\",\"Sheet2!A2:Z1000\"]`, prefix written bare without quotes); each prefix must exactly match the sheet display name (case-sensitive), not the sheet reference_id; ranges may target different sheets; the same scope is cleared from every range",
         "input": [
           "file",
           "stdin"
@@ -3127,7 +3255,7 @@
         "kind": "own",
         "type": "string",
         "required": "required",
-        "desc": "Full chart config JSON. Top-level keys: `position` / `offset` / `size` / `snapshot` (no top-level `data`, no extra nested `properties`); chart data config lives under `snapshot.data` (`refs` / `headerMode` / `dim1` / `dim2`). Deeply nested — run `--print-schema --flag-name properties` for the full structure.",
+        "desc": "Full chart config JSON. Top-level keys: `position` / `offset` / `size` / `snapshot` (no top-level `data`, no extra nested `properties`); chart data config lives under `snapshot.data` (`refs` / `headerMode` / `dim1` / `dim2`); must include at least one of `snapshot.data.dim1.serie.index` or `dim2.series[].index`, otherwise the server rejects it. Deeply nested — run `--print-schema --flag-name properties` for the full structure.",
         "input": [
           "file",
           "stdin"
@@ -4066,7 +4194,7 @@
         "kind": "own",
         "type": "string",
         "required": "optional",
-        "desc": "Filter-view name; auto-assigned by the server when omitted on create, kept unchanged when omitted on update; takes precedence over the same-named field inside `--properties`"
+        "desc": "Filter-view name; auto-assigned by the server when omitted; takes precedence over the same-named field inside `--properties`"
       },
       {
         "name": "dry-run",
@@ -4747,5 +4875,138 @@
         "desc": ""
       }
     ]
+  },
+  "+history-list": {
+    "risk": "read",
+    "flags": [
+      {
+        "name": "url",
+        "kind": "public",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Spreadsheet locator"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "spreadsheet-token",
+        "kind": "public",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Spreadsheet locator"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "end-version",
+        "kind": "own",
+        "type": "int",
+        "required": "optional",
+        "desc": "Max version to query (descending pagination). Omit on the first call; pass next_end_version from the previous response."
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "dry-run",
+        "kind": "system",
+        "type": "bool",
+        "required": "optional",
+        "desc": ""
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "+history-revert": {
+    "risk": "write",
+    "flags": [
+      {
+        "name": "url",
+        "kind": "public",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Spreadsheet locator"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "spreadsheet-token",
+        "kind": "public",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Spreadsheet locator"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "history-version-id",
+        "kind": "own",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "required",
+        "desc": "History version to revert to (from +history-list)."
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "dry-run",
+        "kind": "system",
+        "type": "bool",
+        "required": "optional",
+        "desc": ""
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "+history-revert-status": {
+    "risk": "read",
+    "flags": [
+      {
+        "name": "url",
+        "kind": "public",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Spreadsheet locator"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "spreadsheet-token",
+        "kind": "public",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Spreadsheet locator"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "transaction-id",
+        "kind": "own",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "required",
+        "desc": "Async revert transaction id (from +history-revert)."
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "dry-run",
+        "kind": "system",
+        "type": "bool",
+        "required": "optional",
+        "desc": ""
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "+changeset-get": {
+    "risk": "read",
+    "flags": [
+      {
+        "name": "url",
+        "kind": "public",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Spreadsheet URL (XOR with `--spreadsheet-token`)"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "spreadsheet-token",
+        "kind": "public",
+        "type": "string",
+        "required": "xor",
+        "desc": "Spreadsheet token (XOR with `--url`)"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "start-revision",
+        "kind": "own",
+        "type": "int",
+        "required": "required",
+        "desc": "Start version (CS revision); the before baseline for review (must be >= 1)"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "end-revision",
+        "kind": "own",
+        "type": "int",
+        "required": "optional",
+        "desc": "End version (CS revision); defaults to the latest revision. Gap (end-start+1) must be <= 20",
+        "default": "-1"
+      }
+    ]
   }
 }

shortcuts/sheets/flag_defs_gen.go

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ var flagDefs = map[string]commandDef{
 		Flags: []flagDef{
 			{Name: "url", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet URL (XOR with `--spreadsheet-token`)"},
 			{Name: "spreadsheet-token", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet token (XOR with `--url`)"},
-			{Name: "ranges", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Target ranges as a JSON array (e.g. `[\"'Sheet1'!A2:Z1000\",\"'Sheet2'!A2:Z1000\"]`); each item must include a sheet prefix; the prefix must be the sheet display name (e.g. `Sheet1`), not the sheet reference_id; ranges may target different sheets; the same scope is cleared from every range", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
+			{Name: "ranges", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Target ranges as a JSON array (e.g. `[\"Sheet1!A2:Z1000\",\"Sheet2!A2:Z1000\"]`, prefix written bare without quotes); each prefix must exactly match the sheet display name (case-sensitive), not the sheet reference_id; ranges may target different sheets; the same scope is cleared from every range", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
 			{Name: "scope", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Clear scope: `content` (default, values only) / `formats` (formats only) / `all` (values and formats)", Default: "content", Enum: []string{"content", "formats", "all"}},
 			{Name: "yes", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "required", Desc: "Confirm destructive write (exit code 10 without this flag); batch clear is irreversible"},
 			{Name: "dry-run", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "optional"},
@@ -38,9 +38,10 @@ var flagDefs = map[string]commandDef{
 		Flags: []flagDef{
 			{Name: "url", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet URL (XOR with `--spreadsheet-token`)"},
 			{Name: "spreadsheet-token", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet token (XOR with `--url`)"},
-			{Name: "ranges", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Target ranges as a JSON array (e.g. `[\"'Sheet1'!A1:B2\",\"'Sheet2'!D1:D10\"]`); each item must include a sheet prefix; the prefix must be the sheet display name (e.g. `Sheet1`), not the sheet reference_id; ranges may target different sheets; the same style is applied to every range", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
+			{Name: "ranges", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Target ranges as a JSON array (e.g. `[\"Sheet1!A1:B2\",\"Sheet2!D1:D10\"]`, prefix written bare without quotes); each prefix must exactly match the sheet display name (case-sensitive), not the sheet reference_id; ranges may target different sheets; the same style is applied to every range", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
 			{Name: "background-color", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Background color (hex, e.g. `#ffffff`)"},
 			{Name: "font-color", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Font color (hex, e.g. `#000000`)"},
+			{Name: "font-family", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Font family name (e.g. `Arial`, `Microsoft YaHei`)"},
 			{Name: "font-size", Kind: "own", Type: "float64", Required: "optional", Desc: "Font size in px (e.g. 10, 12, 14)"},
 			{Name: "font-style", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Font style", Enum: []string{"normal", "italic"}},
 			{Name: "font-weight", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Font weight", Enum: []string{"normal", "bold"}},
@@ -165,6 +166,7 @@ var flagDefs = map[string]commandDef{
 			{Name: "range", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Target range (A1 notation, e.g. `A1:B2`)"},
 			{Name: "background-color", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Background color (hex, e.g. `#ffffff`)"},
 			{Name: "font-color", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Font color (hex, e.g. `#000000`)"},
+			{Name: "font-family", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Font family name (e.g. `Arial`, `Microsoft YaHei`)"},
 			{Name: "font-size", Kind: "own", Type: "float64", Required: "optional", Desc: "Font size in px (e.g. 10, 12, 14)"},
 			{Name: "font-style", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Font style", Enum: []string{"normal", "italic"}},
 			{Name: "font-weight", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Font weight", Enum: []string{"normal", "bold"}},
@@ -188,6 +190,15 @@ var flagDefs = map[string]commandDef{
 			{Name: "dry-run", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "optional"},
 		},
 	},
+	"+changeset-get": {
+		Risk: "read",
+		Flags: []flagDef{
+			{Name: "url", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet URL (XOR with `--spreadsheet-token`)"},
+			{Name: "spreadsheet-token", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet token (XOR with `--url`)"},
+			{Name: "start-revision", Kind: "own", Type: "int", Required: "required", Desc: "Start version (CS revision); the before baseline for review (must be >= 1)"},
+			{Name: "end-revision", Kind: "own", Type: "int", Required: "optional", Desc: "End version (CS revision); defaults to the latest revision. Gap (end-start+1) must be <= 20", Default: "-1"},
+		},
+	},
 	"+chart-create": {
 		Risk: "write",
 		Flags: []flagDef{
@@ -195,7 +206,7 @@ var flagDefs = map[string]commandDef{
 			{Name: "spreadsheet-token", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet token (XOR with `--url`)"},
 			{Name: "sheet-id", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Sheet reference_id (XOR with `--sheet-name`)"},
 			{Name: "sheet-name", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Sheet name (XOR with `--sheet-id`)"},
-			{Name: "properties", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Full chart config JSON. Top-level keys: `position` / `offset` / `size` / `snapshot` (no top-level `data`, no extra nested `properties`); chart data config lives under `snapshot.data` (`refs` / `headerMode` / `dim1` / `dim2`). Deeply nested — run `--print-schema --flag-name properties` for the full structure.", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
+			{Name: "properties", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Full chart config JSON. Top-level keys: `position` / `offset` / `size` / `snapshot` (no top-level `data`, no extra nested `properties`); chart data config lives under `snapshot.data` (`refs` / `headerMode` / `dim1` / `dim2`); must include at least one of `snapshot.data.dim1.serie.index` or `dim2.series[].index`, otherwise the server rejects it. Deeply nested — run `--print-schema --flag-name properties` for the full structure.", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
 			{Name: "dry-run", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "optional", Desc: "Print the request template; no side effects"},
 		},
 	},
@@ -241,9 +252,10 @@ var flagDefs = map[string]commandDef{
 			{Name: "spreadsheet-token", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet token (XOR with `--url`)"},
 			{Name: "sheet-id", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Sheet reference_id (XOR with `--sheet-name`)"},
 			{Name: "sheet-name", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Sheet name (XOR with `--sheet-id`)"},
-			{Name: "type", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Sizing mode: `pixel` (explicit px value, requires `--size`) / `standard` (reset to default column width)", Enum: []string{"pixel", "standard"}},
-			{Name: "size", Kind: "own", Type: "int", Required: "optional", Desc: "Column width in pixels (e.g. 80 / 120 / 200); required when `--type pixel`, ignored otherwise", Default: "0"},
-			{Name: "range", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Column closed range to resize; column letters like `A:E` or `C` (single column)"},
+			{Name: "width", Kind: "own", Type: "int", Required: "xor", Desc: "Uniform column width in pixels (e.g. 80 / 120 / 200; NOT Excel character units), used with `--range`. Passing --width implies pixel mode; --type may be omitted (or set to `pixel` — equivalent). For per-column widths use `--widths`", Default: "0"},
+			{Name: "widths", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Per-column width map — set different widths for many columns in one atomic call. Keys: single column (`\"A\"`) or closed range (`\"C:E\"`); values: pixel width (e.g. 80 / 120 / 200) or `\"standard\"` (reset to default). Units are pixels, NOT Excel character units (px ≈ chars × 8 + 16). Mutually exclusive with `--range` / `--width` / `--type`", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
+			{Name: "type", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Sizing mode: `pixel` (requires `--width`) / `standard` (reset to default column width). Passing --width alone is the common form; `--type standard` cannot be combined with `--width`", Enum: []string{"pixel", "standard"}},
+			{Name: "range", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Column closed range to resize; column letters like `A:E` or `C` (single column). Required for the uniform form (with `--width` or `--type`); omit with the map form (`--widths`)"},
 			{Name: "dry-run", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "optional"},
 		},
 	},
@@ -405,7 +417,7 @@ var flagDefs = map[string]commandDef{
 			{Name: "spreadsheet-token", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet token (XOR with `--url`)"},
 			{Name: "sheet-id", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Sheet reference_id (XOR with `--sheet-name`)"},
 			{Name: "sheet-name", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Sheet name (XOR with `--sheet-id`)"},
-			{Name: "depth", Kind: "own", Type: "int", Required: "optional", Desc: "Group nesting level to ungroup; default 1 (outermost)", Default: "1"},
+			{Name: "depth", Kind: "own", Type: "int", Required: "optional", Desc: "Group nesting level to ungroup; default 1 (1 = outermost, larger = deeper)", Default: "1"},
 			{Name: "range", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Row/column closed range to ungroup; rows use 1-based numbers like `3:7`, columns use letters like `C:F`"},
 			{Name: "dry-run", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "optional"},
 		},
@@ -426,7 +438,7 @@ var flagDefs = map[string]commandDef{
 		Flags: []flagDef{
 			{Name: "url", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet URL (XOR with `--spreadsheet-token`)"},
 			{Name: "spreadsheet-token", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet token (XOR with `--url`)"},
-			{Name: "ranges", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Target ranges as a JSON array (up to 100 items, e.g. `[\"'Sheet1'!E2:E6\"]`); each item must include a sheet prefix; the prefix must be the sheet display name (e.g. `Sheet1`), not the sheet reference_id", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
+			{Name: "ranges", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Target ranges as a JSON array (up to 100 items, e.g. `[\"Sheet1!E2:E6\"]`, prefix written bare without quotes); each item must include a sheet prefix; the prefix must exactly match the sheet display name (case-sensitive), not the sheet reference_id", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
 			{Name: "yes", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "required", Desc: "Confirm high-risk write (exit code 10 without this flag)"},
 			{Name: "dry-run", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "optional"},
 		},
@@ -463,7 +475,7 @@ var flagDefs = map[string]commandDef{
 		Flags: []flagDef{
 			{Name: "url", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet URL (XOR with `--spreadsheet-token`)"},
 			{Name: "spreadsheet-token", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet token (XOR with `--url`)"},
-			{Name: "ranges", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Target ranges as a JSON array (e.g. `[\"'Sheet1'!A2:A100\",\"'Sheet1'!C2:C100\"]`); each item must include a sheet prefix; the prefix must be the sheet display name (e.g. `Sheet1`), not the sheet reference_id", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
+			{Name: "ranges", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Target ranges as a JSON array (e.g. `[\"Sheet1!A2:A100\",\"Sheet1!C2:C100\"]`, prefix written bare without quotes); each item must include a sheet prefix; the prefix must exactly match the sheet display name (case-sensitive), not the sheet reference_id", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
 			{Name: "options", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Options as a JSON array, e.g. `[\"opt1\",\"opt2\"]`. Server enforces no item-count cap and no per-item length cap; values containing commas are accepted (they are escape-encoded on the wire). For very large lists prefer `--source-range`.", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
 			{Name: "colors", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Per-option pill colors, RGB hex array (e.g. `[\"#1FB6C1\",\"#F006C2\"]`). Length may be shorter than the source (`--options` items / `--source-range` cells) — extras cycle through a 10-color palette — but never longer (CLI Validate rejects: `--colors length (N) must not exceed dropdown source size (M)`). **Applies on its own**; ignored when `--highlight=false`.", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
 			{Name: "multiple", Kind: "own", Type: "bool", Required: "optional", Desc: "Enable multi-select"},
@@ -526,7 +538,7 @@ var flagDefs = map[string]commandDef{
 			{Name: "sheet-name", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Sheet name (XOR with `--sheet-id`)"},
 			{Name: "properties", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Filter-view rule JSON: `rules?` (per-column rule array), `filtered_columns?`. `range` and `view_name` are separate flags", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
 			{Name: "range", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Range the filter view applies to (A1 notation, e.g. `A1:F1000`); takes precedence over the same-named field inside `--properties`; required on create and must cover the header row"},
-			{Name: "view-name", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Filter-view name; auto-assigned by the server when omitted on create, kept unchanged when omitted on update; takes precedence over the same-named field inside `--properties`"},
+			{Name: "view-name", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Filter-view name; auto-assigned by the server when omitted; takes precedence over the same-named field inside `--properties`"},
 			{Name: "dry-run", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "optional"},
 		},
 	},
@@ -632,6 +644,45 @@ var flagDefs = map[string]commandDef{
 			{Name: "dry-run", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "optional"},
 		},
 	},
+	"+formula-verify": {
+		Risk: "read",
+		Flags: []flagDef{
+			{Name: "url", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet URL (XOR with `--spreadsheet-token`)"},
+			{Name: "spreadsheet-token", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet token (XOR with `--url`)"},
+			{Name: "sheet-id", Kind: "public", Type: "string_slice", Required: "optional", Desc: "Sheet reference_id(s); repeat or comma-separate to scan multiple sheets. Omit to scan all visible sheets."},
+			{Name: "sheet-name", Kind: "public", Type: "string_slice", Required: "optional", Desc: "Sheet name(s); repeat or comma-separate to scan multiple sheets. Omit to scan all visible sheets."},
+			{Name: "range", Kind: "own", Type: "string_slice", Required: "optional", Desc: "Optional A1 ranges (e.g. `A1:Z200`); repeat or comma-separate for multiple ranges. Omit to scan each sheet's current_region."},
+			{Name: "max-locations", Kind: "own", Type: "int", Required: "optional", Desc: "Max locations / samples per error type; default 20.", Default: "20"},
+			{Name: "exit-on-error", Kind: "own", Type: "bool", Required: "optional", Desc: "When status=errors_found, exit non-zero. Useful for CI gate after batch formula writes."},
+		},
+	},
+	"+history-list": {
+		Risk: "read",
+		Flags: []flagDef{
+			{Name: "url", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet locator"},
+			{Name: "spreadsheet-token", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet locator"},
+			{Name: "end-version", Kind: "own", Type: "int", Required: "optional", Desc: "Max version to query (descending pagination). Omit on the first call; pass next_end_version from the previous response."},
+			{Name: "dry-run", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "optional"},
+		},
+	},
+	"+history-revert": {
+		Risk: "write",
+		Flags: []flagDef{
+			{Name: "url", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet locator"},
+			{Name: "spreadsheet-token", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet locator"},
+			{Name: "history-version-id", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "History version to revert to (from +history-list)."},
+			{Name: "dry-run", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "optional"},
+		},
+	},
+	"+history-revert-status": {
+		Risk: "read",
+		Flags: []flagDef{
+			{Name: "url", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet locator"},
+			{Name: "spreadsheet-token", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet locator"},
+			{Name: "transaction-id", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Async revert transaction id (from +history-revert)."},
+			{Name: "dry-run", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "optional"},
+		},
+	},
 	"+pivot-create": {
 		Risk: "write",
 		Flags: []flagDef{
@@ -734,6 +785,14 @@ var flagDefs = map[string]commandDef{
 			{Name: "dry-run", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "optional"},
 		},
 	},
+	"+revision-get": {
+		Risk: "read",
+		Flags: []flagDef{
+			{Name: "url", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet locator"},
+			{Name: "spreadsheet-token", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet locator"},
+			{Name: "dry-run", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "optional"},
+		},
+	},
 	"+rows-resize": {
 		Risk: "write",
 		Flags: []flagDef{
@@ -741,9 +800,10 @@ var flagDefs = map[string]commandDef{
 			{Name: "spreadsheet-token", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Spreadsheet token (XOR with `--url`)"},
 			{Name: "sheet-id", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Sheet reference_id (XOR with `--sheet-name`)"},
 			{Name: "sheet-name", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Sheet name (XOR with `--sheet-id`)"},
-			{Name: "type", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Sizing mode: `pixel` (explicit px value, requires `--size`) / `standard` (reset to default row height) / `auto` (fit content)", Enum: []string{"pixel", "standard", "auto"}},
-			{Name: "size", Kind: "own", Type: "int", Required: "optional", Desc: "Row height in pixels (e.g. 30 / 40 / 60); required when `--type pixel`, ignored otherwise", Default: "0"},
-			{Name: "range", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Row closed range to resize; 1-based row numbers like `2:10` or `5` (single row)"},
+			{Name: "height", Kind: "own", Type: "int", Required: "xor", Desc: "Uniform row height in pixels (e.g. 30 / 40 / 60; NOT points), used with `--range`. Passing --height implies pixel mode; --type may be omitted (or set to `pixel` — equivalent). For per-row heights use `--heights`", Default: "0"},
+			{Name: "heights", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Per-row height map — set different heights for many rows in one atomic call. Keys: single row (`\"1\"`) or closed range (`\"2:20\"`); values: pixel height (e.g. 30 / 50), `\"auto\"` (fit content) or `\"standard\"` (reset to default). Units are pixels, NOT points. Mutually exclusive with `--range` / `--height` / `--type`", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
+			{Name: "type", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Sizing mode: `pixel` (requires `--height`) / `standard` (reset to default row height) / `auto` (fit content). Passing --height alone is the common form; `--type standard` / `--type auto` cannot be combined with `--height`", Enum: []string{"pixel", "standard", "auto"}},
+			{Name: "range", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Row closed range to resize; 1-based row numbers like `2:10` or `5` (single row). Required for the uniform form (with `--height` or `--type`); omit with the map form (`--heights`)"},
 			{Name: "dry-run", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "optional"},
 		},
 	},
@@ -768,6 +828,7 @@ var flagDefs = map[string]commandDef{
 			{Name: "index", Kind: "own", Type: "int", Required: "optional", Desc: "Insert position (0-based); appended to the end when omitted", Default: "-1"},
 			{Name: "row-count", Kind: "own", Type: "int", Required: "optional", Desc: "Initial row count (default 200, max 50000)", Default: "200"},
 			{Name: "col-count", Kind: "own", Type: "int", Required: "optional", Desc: "Initial column count (default 20, max 200)", Default: "20"},
+			{Name: "type", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "New sub-sheet type: sheet (spreadsheet); default sheet.", Default: "sheet", Enum: []string{"sheet"}},
 			{Name: "dry-run", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "optional"},
 		},
 	},
@@ -822,7 +883,7 @@ var flagDefs = map[string]commandDef{
 			{Name: "sheet-id", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Sheet reference_id (XOR with `--sheet-name`)"},
 			{Name: "sheet-name", Kind: "public", Type: "string", Required: "xor", Desc: "Sheet name (XOR with `--sheet-id`)"},
 			{Name: "index", Kind: "own", Type: "int", Required: "required", Desc: "Target position (0-based)"},
-			{Name: "source-index", Kind: "own", Type: "int", Required: "optional", Desc: "Source position (0-based); optional. If omitted, the CLI runtime derives it from the current workbook index of `--sheet-id` / `--sheet-name`", Default: "-1"},
+			{Name: "source-index", Kind: "own", Type: "int", Required: "optional", Desc: "Source position (0-based); optional for standalone calls — if omitted, the CLI runtime derives it from the current workbook index of `--sheet-id` / `--sheet-name`. Inside `+batch-update` it must be passed explicitly, since batch cannot issue a structure query mid-run to derive it", Default: "-1"},
 			{Name: "dry-run", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "optional"},
 		},
 	},
@@ -941,7 +1002,7 @@ var flagDefs = map[string]commandDef{
 		Flags: []flagDef{
 			{Name: "title", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "required", Desc: "Spreadsheet title"},
 			{Name: "folder-token", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Target folder token; placed at the drive root when omitted"},
-			{Name: "values", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Untyped initial data as one 2D JSON array (`[[\"alice\",95]]`); values are written as-is with their type auto-detected, through the same batched set_cell_range path as --sheets — pair with --styles for number formats, colors, merges, and row/col sizes", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
+			{Name: "values", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Untyped initial data as one 2D JSON array (`[[\"alice\",95]]`); values are written as-is with their type auto-detected (dates / numbers land as text — use --sheets to preserve types), through the same batched set_cell_range path as --sheets — pair with --styles for number formats, colors, merges, and row/col sizes", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
 			{Name: "sheets", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Typed table payload as JSON (same shape as `+table-put`): top-level `{\"sheets\":[...]}`, with each array item a sub-sheet `{name, start_cell?, mode?, header?, allow_overwrite?, columns:[\"colA\",\"colB\",...], data:[[...]], dtypes?:{colA:pandasDtype, ...}, formats?:{colA:numberFormat, ...}}` — `name` and the outer `sheets` envelope are both required. Agents typically use `df_to_sheet(df, name)` from `scripts/sheets_df.py` to pack each DataFrame into one item, then wrap the list in `{\"sheets\":[...]}`. Mutually exclusive with --values. Creates the workbook, then writes typed type-faithful data (dates land as real dates, numbers keep precision).", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
 			{Name: "styles", Kind: "own", Type: "string", Required: "optional", Desc: "Initial visual operations as JSON: top-level `{styles:[...]}`. Each item corresponds to one target sheet and must include `name`, plus at least one of `cell_styles` / `row_sizes` / `col_sizes` / `cell_merges`. `cell_styles` entries use +cells-set-style fields with a cell range; row/col sizes use dimension ranges plus type/size; merges use cell ranges plus optional merge_type. With --sheets, styles array length/order/name must match --sheets.sheets. With --values, pass exactly one styles item for the initial sheet (its name is ignored).", Input: []string{"file", "stdin"}},
 			{Name: "dry-run", Kind: "system", Type: "bool", Required: "optional"},

shortcuts/sheets/flag_ergonomics.go

@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package sheets
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"slices"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/suggest"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
+)
+
+// ─── sheets flag ergonomics ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+//
+// Eval traces show two recovery loops that burn agent round-trips on the
+// sheets domain specifically: hallucinated flag names (--cols for --range,
+// --file for --csv) whose unknown-flag error only points at --help, and
+// enum values imported from CSS / Excel vocabulary ("center" for the
+// vertical alignment Lark spells "middle"). Both fixes are wired through
+// the existing PostMount hook — composed onto any prior PostMount in
+// Shortcuts(), same pattern as withTokenAlias — so the common framework
+// needs no change at all and no other domain's behavior shifts.
+
+// withFlagErgonomics wraps an optional PostMount so that, after it runs,
+// the command gets the sheets-specific unknown-flag error (valid flags
+// inlined) and enum-value normalization (canonical vocabulary auto-applied,
+// typos suggested).
+func withFlagErgonomics(prev func(cmd *cobra.Command)) func(cmd *cobra.Command) {
+	return func(cmd *cobra.Command) {
+		if prev != nil {
+			prev(cmd)
+		}
+		cmd.SetFlagErrorFunc(sheetsFlagErrorFunc)
+		chainEnumNormalization(cmd)
+	}
+}
+
+// sheetsFlagErrorFunc overrides the root FlagErrorFunc for sheets commands.
+// It keeps the root behavior (typed error, did-you-mean suggestions, the
+// offending flag on params) and additionally inlines the full valid-flag
+// set: hallucinated sheets flags are usually semantic guesses (--cols for
+// --range) that edit distance can't rank, and a --help round trip costs an
+// agent a full extra call. One line here lets it re-issue the command
+// immediately.
+func sheetsFlagErrorFunc(c *cobra.Command, ferr error) error {
+	name, isUnknown := unknownFlagFromParseError(ferr)
+	if !isUnknown {
+		return common.ValidationErrorf("%s", ferr.Error()).
+			WithHint("run `%s --help` for valid flags", c.CommandPath())
+	}
+	valid := visibleFlagNames(c)
+	suggestions := suggest.Closest(name, valid, 3)
+	for i := range suggestions {
+		suggestions[i] = "--" + suggestions[i]
+	}
+	hint := fmt.Sprintf("run `%s --help` to see valid flags", c.CommandPath())
+	if list := inlineFlagList(valid); list != "" {
+		hint = "valid flags: " + list
+		if len(suggestions) > 0 {
+			hint = fmt.Sprintf("did you mean %s? valid flags: %s",
+				strings.Join(suggestions, ", "), list)
+		}
+	}
+	return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument,
+		"unknown flag %q for %q", "--"+name, c.CommandPath()).
+		WithParams(errs.InvalidParam{Name: "--" + name, Reason: "unknown flag", Suggestions: suggestions}).
+		WithHint("%s", hint)
+}
+
+// unknownFlagFromParseError extracts the offending long-flag name from
+// cobra's flag-parse error text ("unknown flag: --query" → "query").
+// Returns ok=false for anything else (missing argument, invalid value,
+// unknown shorthand) so those stay structured but generic. Mirrors the
+// root-level parser in cmd; the prefix contract is cobra's English wording.
+func unknownFlagFromParseError(err error) (string, bool) {
+	const p = "unknown flag: --"
+	msg := err.Error()
+	i := strings.Index(msg, p)
+	if i < 0 {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	rest := msg[i+len(p):]
+	if j := strings.IndexAny(rest, " \t"); j >= 0 {
+		rest = rest[:j]
+	}
+	return rest, true
+}
+
+// visibleFlagNames lists the non-hidden flag names registered on c, sorted.
+func visibleFlagNames(c *cobra.Command) []string {
+	var names []string
+	c.Flags().VisitAll(func(f *pflag.Flag) {
+		if !f.Hidden {
+			names = append(names, f.Name)
+		}
+	})
+	sort.Strings(names)
+	return names
+}
+
+// inlineFlagListLimit caps how many flag names ride inline on an
+// unknown-flag hint. Sheets shortcuts stay well under it.
+const inlineFlagListLimit = 25
+
+// inlineFlagList renders valid flag names as one comma-separated line for
+// the unknown-flag hint, truncating past inlineFlagListLimit. Empty when
+// there is nothing to list.
+func inlineFlagList(names []string) string {
+	if len(names) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	shown := names
+	var suffix string
+	if len(names) > inlineFlagListLimit {
+		shown = names[:inlineFlagListLimit]
+		suffix = fmt.Sprintf(", … (%d more; see --help)", len(names)-inlineFlagListLimit)
+	}
+	parts := make([]string, len(shown))
+	for i, n := range shown {
+		parts[i] = "--" + n
+	}
+	return strings.Join(parts, ", ") + suffix
+}
+
+// ─── enum vocabulary normalization ──────────────────────────────────────
+
+// enumAliases maps habitual values agents import from CSS / Excel / Google
+// Sheets onto the value the Lark API actually uses, keyed by the wrong
+// value. Applied only when the alias target is in the enum (and the wrong
+// value is not), so e.g. "center" still stands for horizontal alignment
+// (where it is valid) and only maps to "middle" for vertical alignment.
+var enumAliases = map[string]string{
+	"center": "middle", // CSS vertical-align: center → Lark "middle"
+	"centre": "center",
+	"middle": "center", // CSS-style middle → Lark horizontal "center"
+}
+
+// canonicalEnumValue returns the enum entry an off-vocabulary value
+// unambiguously means — exact case-insensitive match first, then the
+// cross-vocabulary alias table. Unlike an edit-distance guess, the result
+// is safe to apply on the caller's behalf. Returns "" when the value has
+// no unambiguous canonical form in this enum.
+func canonicalEnumValue(val string, enum []string) string {
+	lower := strings.ToLower(val)
+	for _, allowed := range enum {
+		if strings.ToLower(allowed) == lower {
+			return allowed
+		}
+	}
+	if target, ok := enumAliases[lower]; ok {
+		if slices.Contains(enum, target) {
+			return target
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// closestEnumValue picks the best "did you mean" candidate for an invalid
+// enum value: the unambiguous canonical form first, then edit distance.
+// For prose suggestions only — an edit-distance match must never be
+// auto-applied. Returns "" when nothing is close.
+func closestEnumValue(val string, enum []string) string {
+	if canon := canonicalEnumValue(val, enum); canon != "" {
+		return canon
+	}
+	if match := suggest.Closest(val, enum, 1); len(match) > 0 {
+		return match[0]
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// chainEnumNormalization installs a PreRunE stage (composed onto any
+// framework-set PreRunE, which runs first so OnInvoke side effects and the
+// --print-schema required-flag relaxation keep their contracts) that
+// normalizes the command's flat enum flags before the common runner
+// validates them:
+//
+//   - an unambiguous vocabulary mismatch (casing, or a known alias like CSS
+//     "center" for Lark's vertical "middle") IS the value the caller meant —
+//     rewrite it in place and proceed instead of failing the call just to
+//     have the agent retype the canonical spelling;
+//   - anything else fails here with the allowed list plus a "did you mean"
+//     hint for edit-distance typos — a guess is never auto-applied.
+//
+// No-op for commands whose flag defs declare no enums.
+func chainEnumNormalization(cmd *cobra.Command) {
+	defs, _ := loadFlagDefs()
+	spec, ok := defs[cmd.Name()]
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	var enumFlags []flagDef
+	for _, df := range spec.Flags {
+		if df.Kind != "system" && len(df.Enum) > 0 && df.Type == "string" {
+			enumFlags = append(enumFlags, df)
+		}
+	}
+	if len(enumFlags) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	prev := cmd.PreRunE
+	cmd.PreRunE = func(c *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		if prev != nil {
+			if err := prev(c, args); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		// --print-schema is pure local introspection; the runner never enum-
+		// validates that path, so don't start here.
+		if want, err := c.Flags().GetBool("print-schema"); err == nil && want {
+			return nil
+		}
+		for _, df := range enumFlags {
+			val, err := c.Flags().GetString(df.Name)
+			if err != nil || val == "" || slices.Contains(df.Enum, val) {
+				continue
+			}
+			if canon := canonicalEnumValue(val, df.Enum); canon != "" {
+				c.Flags().Set(df.Name, canon)
+				continue
+			}
+			verr := common.ValidationErrorf("invalid value %q for --%s, allowed: %s",
+				val, df.Name, strings.Join(df.Enum, ", ")).
+				WithParam("--" + df.Name)
+			if match := suggest.Closest(val, df.Enum, 1); len(match) > 0 {
+				verr = verr.WithHint("did you mean %q?", match[0])
+			}
+			return verr
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+}

shortcuts/sheets/flag_ergonomics_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package sheets
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func TestUnknownFlagFromParseError(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	cases := []struct {
+		in   string
+		name string
+		ok   bool
+	}{
+		{"unknown flag: --cols", "cols", true},
+		{"unknown flag: --with-styles", "with-styles", true},
+		{"unknown shorthand flag: 'z' in -z", "", false},
+		{"flag needs an argument: --find", "", false},
+		{`invalid argument "x" for "--count"`, "", false},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		name, ok := unknownFlagFromParseError(errors.New(c.in))
+		if name != c.name || ok != c.ok {
+			t.Errorf("unknownFlagFromParseError(%q) = (%q,%v), want (%q,%v)", c.in, name, ok, c.name, c.ok)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSheetsFlagErrorFunc_SemanticGuessListsValidFlags pins the sheets
+// override of the root unknown-flag error: --cols is a semantic guess for
+// --range that edit distance can't rank, so the hint must inline the full
+// valid-flag list instead of deferring to a --help round trip.
+func TestSheetsFlagErrorFunc_SemanticGuessListsValidFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	c := &cobra.Command{Use: "demo"}
+	c.Flags().String("range", "", "")
+	c.Flags().Int("width", 0, "")
+
+	err := sheetsFlagErrorFunc(c, errors.New("unknown flag: --cols"))
+	var verr *errs.ValidationError
+	if !errors.As(err, &verr) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected *errs.ValidationError, got %T", err)
+	}
+	if verr.Subtype != errs.SubtypeInvalidArgument {
+		t.Errorf("subtype = %q, want invalid_argument", verr.Subtype)
+	}
+	if len(verr.Params) != 1 || verr.Params[0].Name != "--cols" {
+		t.Errorf("Params = %v, want one entry named --cols", verr.Params)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(verr.Hint, "--help") {
+		t.Errorf("hint should not defer to --help when flags fit inline, got %q", verr.Hint)
+	}
+	for _, want := range []string{"--range", "--width"} {
+		if !strings.Contains(verr.Hint, want) {
+			t.Errorf("hint should inline valid flag %s, got %q", want, verr.Hint)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSheetsFlagErrorFunc_TypoKeepsSuggestion pins that the root behavior
+// (did-you-mean suggestion, machine-readable Suggestions) is preserved by
+// the sheets override, with the valid-flag list appended.
+func TestSheetsFlagErrorFunc_TypoKeepsSuggestion(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	c := &cobra.Command{Use: "demo"}
+	c.Flags().String("range", "", "")
+	c.Flags().Bool("dry-run", false, "")
+
+	err := sheetsFlagErrorFunc(c, errors.New("unknown flag: --rang"))
+	var verr *errs.ValidationError
+	if !errors.As(err, &verr) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected *errs.ValidationError, got %T", err)
+	}
+	found := false
+	for _, s := range verr.Params[0].Suggestions {
+		if s == "--range" {
+			found = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !found {
+		t.Errorf("Suggestions should include --range, got %v", verr.Params[0].Suggestions)
+	}
+	for _, want := range []string{"did you mean", "--range", "--dry-run"} {
+		if !strings.Contains(verr.Hint, want) {
+			t.Errorf("hint should contain %q, got %q", want, verr.Hint)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSheetsFlagErrorFunc_OtherErrorStaysGeneric(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	c := &cobra.Command{Use: "demo"}
+	err := sheetsFlagErrorFunc(c, errors.New("flag needs an argument: --find"))
+	var verr *errs.ValidationError
+	if !errors.As(err, &verr) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected *errs.ValidationError, got %T", err)
+	}
+	if verr.Param != "" || len(verr.Params) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("Param=%q Params=%v, want both empty for generic flag error", verr.Param, verr.Params)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(verr.Hint, "did you mean") {
+		t.Errorf("generic flag error must not produce a did-you-mean hint, got %q", verr.Hint)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestInlineFlagList_TruncatesPastLimit(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	if got := inlineFlagList(nil); got != "" {
+		t.Errorf("inlineFlagList(nil) = %q, want empty", got)
+	}
+	names := make([]string, inlineFlagListLimit+5)
+	for i := range names {
+		names[i] = fmt.Sprintf("flag-%02d", i)
+	}
+	got := inlineFlagList(names)
+	if !strings.Contains(got, "5 more") || !strings.Contains(got, "--help") {
+		t.Errorf("truncated list should count the overflow and defer to --help, got %q", got)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(got, names[inlineFlagListLimit]) {
+		t.Errorf("list should stop at the limit, got %q", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCanonicalEnumValue(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	cases := []struct {
+		val  string
+		enum []string
+		want string
+	}{
+		{"SUM", []string{"sum", "count"}, "sum"},                  // casing
+		{"center", []string{"top", "middle", "bottom"}, "middle"}, // alias: CSS vertical center
+		{"middle", []string{"left", "center", "right"}, "center"}, // alias: horizontal middle
+		{"overwite", []string{"append", "overwrite"}, ""},         // typo is NOT canonical
+		{"delete", []string{"append", "overwrite"}, ""},           // nothing close
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		if got := canonicalEnumValue(c.val, c.enum); got != c.want {
+			t.Errorf("canonicalEnumValue(%q, %v) = %q, want %q", c.val, c.enum, got, c.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestClosestEnumValue(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	cases := []struct {
+		val  string
+		enum []string
+		want string
+	}{
+		{"SUM", []string{"sum", "count"}, "sum"},                   // casing
+		{"center", []string{"top", "middle", "bottom"}, "middle"},  // alias
+		{"overwite", []string{"append", "overwrite"}, "overwrite"}, // edit distance
+		{"delete", []string{"append", "overwrite"}, ""},            // nothing close
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		if got := closestEnumValue(c.val, c.enum); got != c.want {
+			t.Errorf("closestEnumValue(%q, %v) = %q, want %q", c.val, c.enum, got, c.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// TestChainEnumNormalization_UnitContract pins the PreRunE stage in
+// isolation: canonical vocabulary is auto-applied, typos error with a
+// suggestion (never applied), the framework PreRunE keeps running first,
+// and --print-schema skips enum gating entirely.
+func TestChainEnumNormalization_UnitContract(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	newCmd := func() (*cobra.Command, *bool) {
+		cmd := &cobra.Command{Use: "+cells-set-style"}
+		cmd.Flags().String("vertical-alignment", "", "")
+		cmd.Flags().Bool("print-schema", false, "")
+		prevCalled := false
+		cmd.PreRunE = func(*cobra.Command, []string) error {
+			prevCalled = true
+			return nil
+		}
+		chainEnumNormalization(cmd)
+		return cmd, &prevCalled
+	}
+
+	// Alias auto-applied, framework PreRunE preserved.
+	cmd, prevCalled := newCmd()
+	cmd.Flags().Set("vertical-alignment", "center")
+	if err := cmd.PreRunE(cmd, nil); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("center should normalize and pass, got: %v", err)
+	}
+	if got, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("vertical-alignment"); got != "middle" {
+		t.Errorf("vertical-alignment = %q, want rewritten to %q", got, "middle")
+	}
+	if !*prevCalled {
+		t.Error("framework PreRunE must keep running first")
+	}
+
+	// Typo: error with suggestion, value untouched.
+	cmd, _ = newCmd()
+	cmd.Flags().Set("vertical-alignment", "botom")
+	err := cmd.PreRunE(cmd, nil)
+	var verr *errs.ValidationError
+	if !errors.As(err, &verr) {
+		t.Fatalf("typo should fail with *errs.ValidationError, got %T: %v", err, err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(verr.Hint, `"bottom"`) {
+		t.Errorf("hint should suggest bottom for the typo, got %q", verr.Hint)
+	}
+	if got, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("vertical-alignment"); got != "botom" {
+		t.Errorf("typo must not be rewritten, got %q", got)
+	}
+
+	// --print-schema skips enum gating (pure local introspection).
+	cmd, _ = newCmd()
+	cmd.Flags().Set("vertical-alignment", "not-a-value")
+	cmd.Flags().Set("print-schema", "true")
+	if err := cmd.PreRunE(cmd, nil); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("--print-schema must skip enum gating, got: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// shortcutFromRegistry returns the fully wired shortcut (PostMount
+// ergonomics included) as Shortcuts() exposes it to the framework.
+func shortcutFromRegistry(t *testing.T, command string) common.Shortcut {
+	t.Helper()
+	for _, sc := range Shortcuts() {
+		if sc.Command == command {
+			return sc
+		}
+	}
+	t.Fatalf("shortcut %q not found in Shortcuts()", command)
+	return common.Shortcut{}
+}
+
+// TestShortcuts_FlagErgonomicsMounted verifies the ergonomics ride every
+// mounted sheets command end-to-end: enum vocabulary normalizes on a real
+// invocation, and unknown flags answer with the inlined valid-flag list.
+func TestShortcuts_FlagErgonomicsMounted(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run("enum alias normalizes through a real run", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		sc := shortcutFromRegistry(t, "+cells-set-style")
+		stdout, _, err := runShortcutCapturingErr(t, sc, []string{
+			"--url", testURL,
+			"--sheet-name", "s",
+			"--range", "A1:A1",
+			"--vertical-alignment", "center",
+			"--dry-run",
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("center should normalize to middle and pass, got: %v", err)
+		}
+		if !strings.Contains(stdout, "middle") || strings.Contains(stdout, "center") {
+			t.Errorf("dry-run body should carry the normalized value, got %q", stdout)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("enum typo errors with suggestion", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		sc := shortcutFromRegistry(t, "+cells-set-style")
+		_, _, err := runShortcutCapturingErr(t, sc, []string{
+			"--url", testURL,
+			"--sheet-name", "s",
+			"--range", "A1:A1",
+			"--vertical-alignment", "botom",
+			"--dry-run",
+		})
+		ve := requireValidation(t, err, `invalid value "botom" for --vertical-alignment`)
+		if !strings.Contains(ve.Hint, `"bottom"`) {
+			t.Errorf("hint should suggest bottom, got %q", ve.Hint)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("unknown flag inlines valid flags", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		sc := shortcutFromRegistry(t, "+cols-resize")
+		_, _, err := runShortcutCapturingErr(t, sc, []string{
+			"--url", testURL,
+			"--sheet-name", "s",
+			"--cols", "A:D",
+		})
+		ve := requireValidation(t, err, `unknown flag "--cols"`)
+		for _, want := range []string{"valid flags:", "--range", "--width", "--widths"} {
+			if !strings.Contains(ve.Hint, want) {
+				t.Errorf("hint should contain %q, got %q", want, ve.Hint)
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}

shortcuts/sheets/flag_schema.go

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ package sheets
 import (
 	_ "embed"
 	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
 	"sort"
 	"sync"
 
@@ -54,7 +53,7 @@ func loadFlagSchemas() (*flagSchemaIndex, error) {
 	flagSchemasOnce.Do(func() {
 		var idx flagSchemaIndex
 		if err := json.Unmarshal(flagSchemasJSON, &idx); err != nil {
-			parseFlagErr = fmt.Errorf("flag-schemas.json: %w", err)
+			parseFlagErr = errs.NewInternalError(errs.SubtypeUnknown, "flag-schemas.json: %v", err).WithCause(err)
 			return
 		}
 		if idx.Flags == nil {

shortcuts/sheets/flag_schema_validate.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ package sheets
 
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
@@ -97,11 +98,22 @@ func validateValueAgainstSchema(fv flagView, name string, value interface{}) err
 		// Composite-JSON shape errors (e.g. +cells-set --cells, chart
 		// --properties) are the highest-frequency usage-layer failure for
 		// sheets, and agents often burn several retries guessing the shape.
-		// Point them straight at --print-schema, which dumps the exact JSON
-		// Schema for this (command, flag) pair. The hint is always actionable:
-		// reaching this branch means entry[name] resolved a schema from the
-		// embedded index, and --print-schema reads that same index, so the
-		// suggested command is guaranteed to print it.
+		// A shallow type mismatch means the caller misremembered the overall
+		// container shape (the classic {"cells": ...} wrapper around what
+		// must be a bare 2D array), so inline a skeleton of the expected
+		// shape — that fixes the retry without a --print-schema round trip.
+		// Deeper failures keep the --print-schema pointer, which dumps the
+		// exact JSON Schema for this (command, flag) pair; reaching this
+		// branch means entry[name] resolved a schema from the embedded
+		// index, so the suggested command is guaranteed to print it.
+		var tm *typeMismatchError
+		if errors.As(vErr, &tm) && pathDepth(tm.path) <= skeletonPathDepthLimit {
+			if sk := schemaSkeleton(&schema, skeletonMaxDepth); sk != "" {
+				return sheetsValidationForFlag(name,
+					"--%s: %s; expected shape: %s (run `lark-cli sheets %s --print-schema --flag-name %s` for the full JSON Schema)",
+					name, vErr.Error(), sk, command, name).WithCause(vErr)
+			}
+		}
 		return sheetsValidationForFlag(name,
 			"--%s: %s; run `lark-cli sheets %s --print-schema --flag-name %s` to see the expected JSON Schema",
 			name, vErr.Error(), command, name).WithCause(vErr)
@@ -243,7 +255,7 @@ func validateAgainstSchema(value interface{}, schema *schemaProperty, path strin
 
 	if schema.Type != "" {
 		if !matchesJSONType(value, schema.Type) {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%sexpected type %q, got %q", pathPrefix(path), schema.Type, jsType(value))
+			return &typeMismatchError{path: path, expected: schema.Type, got: jsType(value)}
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -251,20 +263,20 @@ func validateAgainstSchema(value interface{}, schema *schemaProperty, path strin
 	// already reported above). Apply to both `number` and `integer` types.
 	if num, ok := value.(float64); ok {
 		if schema.Minimum != nil && num < *schema.Minimum {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%svalue %v is below minimum %v", pathPrefix(path), num, *schema.Minimum)
+			return fmt.Errorf("%svalue %v is below minimum %v", pathPrefix(path), num, *schema.Minimum) //nolint:forbidigo // intermediate error; validateFlagAgainstSchema wraps it into a typed flag validation error with a --print-schema hint
 		}
 		if schema.Maximum != nil && num > *schema.Maximum {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%svalue %v is above maximum %v", pathPrefix(path), num, *schema.Maximum)
+			return fmt.Errorf("%svalue %v is above maximum %v", pathPrefix(path), num, *schema.Maximum) //nolint:forbidigo // intermediate error; validateFlagAgainstSchema wraps it into a typed flag validation error with a --print-schema hint
 		}
 	}
 
 	// Array length bounds — only checked when value is an array.
 	if arr, ok := value.([]interface{}); ok {
 		if schema.MinItems != nil && len(arr) < *schema.MinItems {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%sarray has %d items, minimum is %d", pathPrefix(path), len(arr), *schema.MinItems)
+			return fmt.Errorf("%sarray has %d items, minimum is %d", pathPrefix(path), len(arr), *schema.MinItems) //nolint:forbidigo // intermediate error; validateFlagAgainstSchema wraps it into a typed flag validation error with a --print-schema hint
 		}
 		if schema.MaxItems != nil && len(arr) > *schema.MaxItems {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%sarray has %d items, maximum is %d", pathPrefix(path), len(arr), *schema.MaxItems)
+			return fmt.Errorf("%sarray has %d items, maximum is %d", pathPrefix(path), len(arr), *schema.MaxItems) //nolint:forbidigo // intermediate error; validateFlagAgainstSchema wraps it into a typed flag validation error with a --print-schema hint
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -279,10 +291,10 @@ func validateAgainstSchema(value interface{}, schema *schemaProperty, path strin
 		if !matched {
 			msg := fmt.Sprintf("%svalue %s is not in enum %s",
 				pathPrefix(path), formatJSONValue(value), formatEnum(schema.Enum))
-			if hint := suggestEnumMatch(value, schema.Enum); hint != "" {
+			if hint := suggestEnumForError(value, schema.Enum); hint != "" {
 				msg += fmt.Sprintf(` (did you mean %q?)`, hint)
 			}
-			return fmt.Errorf("%s", msg)
+			return fmt.Errorf("%s", msg) //nolint:forbidigo // intermediate error; validateFlagAgainstSchema wraps it into a typed flag validation error with a --print-schema hint
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -295,7 +307,7 @@ func validateAgainstSchema(value interface{}, schema *schemaProperty, path strin
 			}
 		}
 		if !matched {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%svalue does not match any of oneOf alternatives", pathPrefix(path))
+			return fmt.Errorf("%svalue does not match any of oneOf alternatives", pathPrefix(path)) //nolint:forbidigo // intermediate error; validateFlagAgainstSchema wraps it into a typed flag validation error with a --print-schema hint
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -305,7 +317,7 @@ func validateAgainstSchema(value interface{}, schema *schemaProperty, path strin
 	if obj, ok := value.(map[string]interface{}); ok {
 		for _, key := range schema.Required {
 			if _, present := obj[key]; !present {
-				return fmt.Errorf("required property %q is missing at %s", key, pathOrRoot(path))
+				return fmt.Errorf("required property %q is missing at %s", key, pathOrRoot(path)) //nolint:forbidigo // intermediate error; validateFlagAgainstSchema wraps it into a typed flag validation error with a --print-schema hint
 			}
 		}
 		if schema.Properties != nil {
@@ -357,7 +369,7 @@ func validateAgainstSchema(value interface{}, schema *schemaProperty, path strin
 			sort.Strings(extras)
 			for _, key := range extras {
 				if schema.AdditionalProperties.Strict {
-					return fmt.Errorf("%sunexpected property %q (not declared in schema)", pathPrefix(path), key)
+					return fmt.Errorf("%sunexpected property %q (not declared in schema)", pathPrefix(path), key) //nolint:forbidigo // intermediate error; validateFlagAgainstSchema wraps it into a typed flag validation error with a --print-schema hint
 				}
 				if schema.AdditionalProperties.Schema != nil {
 					child := key
@@ -388,6 +400,126 @@ func validateAgainstSchema(value interface{}, schema *schemaProperty, path strin
 	return nil
 }
 
+// typeMismatchError is the type-check branch of validateAgainstSchema
+// as a typed error, so validateValueAgainstSchema can recognize shape
+// confusion (vs. deep value errors) and inline a skeleton of the
+// expected shape. Error() keeps the exact legacy wording.
+type typeMismatchError struct {
+	path     string
+	expected string
+	got      string
+}
+
+func (e *typeMismatchError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%sexpected type %q, got %q", pathPrefix(e.path), e.expected, e.got)
+}
+
+// pathDepth counts how many levels below the flag root a JSON path
+// points at: "" → 0, "[0]" → 1, "[0][3]" → 2, "[0][3].value" → 3,
+// "legend" → 1, "snapshot.axes" → 2. Every "[" and "." starts a new
+// segment; a leading bare key (no bracket) is one segment of its own.
+func pathDepth(path string) int {
+	depth := strings.Count(path, "[") + strings.Count(path, ".")
+	if path != "" && path[0] != '[' {
+		depth++
+	}
+	return depth
+}
+
+// Skeleton rendering bounds: a mismatch at depth ≤ 2 is container-shape
+// confusion worth a skeleton; deeper mismatches are value-level and the
+// full schema pointer serves better. The skeleton itself stops after
+// four levels and eight keys per object so it stays one line; a wide
+// object (> skeletonWideObject keys) collapses its children to type
+// placeholders so every key stays visible instead of the first branch
+// eating the whole line.
+const (
+	skeletonPathDepthLimit = 2
+	skeletonMaxDepth       = 4
+	skeletonMaxKeys        = 8
+	skeletonWideObject     = 2
+)
+
+// schemaSkeleton renders a compact single-line sketch of the shape a
+// schema expects, e.g. [[{"value": …, "formula": "…", …}]] for
+// +cells-set --cells. Required keys come first, then alphabetical,
+// capped at skeletonMaxKeys with a trailing … marker. Values render as
+// their type placeholder; enum strings show the first allowed value.
+func schemaSkeleton(s *schemaProperty, depth int) string {
+	if s == nil {
+		return "…"
+	}
+	if len(s.OneOf) > 0 && s.Type == "" {
+		return schemaSkeleton(s.OneOf[0], depth)
+	}
+	switch s.Type {
+	case "array":
+		if depth <= 0 {
+			return "[…]"
+		}
+		return "[" + schemaSkeleton(s.Items, depth-1) + "]"
+	case "object":
+		if depth <= 0 || len(s.Properties) == 0 {
+			return "{…}"
+		}
+		keys := skeletonKeys(s)
+		childDepth := depth - 1
+		if len(s.Properties) > skeletonWideObject {
+			childDepth = 0
+		}
+		parts := make([]string, 0, len(keys)+1)
+		for _, k := range keys {
+			parts = append(parts, fmt.Sprintf("%q: %s", k, schemaSkeleton(s.Properties[k], childDepth)))
+		}
+		if len(s.Properties) > len(keys) {
+			parts = append(parts, "…")
+		}
+		return "{" + strings.Join(parts, ", ") + "}"
+	case "string":
+		if len(s.Enum) > 0 {
+			return formatJSONValue(s.Enum[0])
+		}
+		return `"…"`
+	case "number", "integer":
+		return "0"
+	case "boolean":
+		return "false"
+	}
+	return "…"
+}
+
+// skeletonKeys picks which object keys a skeleton shows: required keys
+// first (schema order), then remaining keys alphabetically, capped at
+// skeletonMaxKeys.
+func skeletonKeys(s *schemaProperty) []string {
+	keys := make([]string, 0, skeletonMaxKeys)
+	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, skeletonMaxKeys)
+	for _, k := range s.Required {
+		if _, ok := s.Properties[k]; !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		if len(keys) == skeletonMaxKeys {
+			return keys
+		}
+		keys = append(keys, k)
+		seen[k] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	rest := make([]string, 0, len(s.Properties))
+	for k := range s.Properties {
+		if _, dup := seen[k]; !dup {
+			rest = append(rest, k)
+		}
+	}
+	sort.Strings(rest)
+	for _, k := range rest {
+		if len(keys) == skeletonMaxKeys {
+			break
+		}
+		keys = append(keys, k)
+	}
+	return keys
+}
+
 func matchesJSONType(value interface{}, expected string) bool {
 	switch expected {
 	case "object":
@@ -473,25 +605,48 @@ func joinFormatted(values []interface{}) string {
 	return strings.Join(parts, ", ")
 }
 
-// suggestEnumMatch returns a "did you mean" candidate when the user's
-// value differs from an allowed enum entry only in casing — the most
-// common real-world mistake ("SUM" vs "sum", "True" vs "true"). The
-// match is restricted to strings; non-string enums (numbers, etc.)
-// don't have a casing notion. Returns "" when no near-miss exists.
+// suggestEnumMatch returns the canonical enum entry when the user's
+// value unambiguously means one — casing ("SUM" vs "sum", "True" vs
+// "true") or a cross-vocabulary alias (CSS "center" for Lark's vertical
+// "middle"). Callers auto-apply the result, so it must stay restricted
+// to unambiguous matches (edit-distance guesses belong in
+// suggestEnumForError only). Non-string values have no vocabulary
+// notion. Returns "" when no unambiguous match exists.
 func suggestEnumMatch(value interface{}, values []interface{}) string {
 	s, ok := value.(string)
 	if !ok {
 		return ""
 	}
-	lower := strings.ToLower(s)
+	canon := canonicalEnumValue(s, stringEnumEntries(values))
+	if canon == "" || canon == s { // skip exact-equal (already would have matched).
+		return ""
+	}
+	return canon
+}
+
+// stringEnumEntries extracts the string members of a JSON-schema enum
+// list (mixed-type enums keep only their string entries).
+func stringEnumEntries(values []interface{}) []string {
+	out := make([]string, 0, len(values))
 	for _, v := range values {
-		if vs, ok := v.(string); ok && strings.ToLower(vs) == lower {
-			if vs != s { // skip exact-equal (already would have matched).
-				return vs
-			}
+		if vs, ok := v.(string); ok {
+			out = append(out, vs)
 		}
 	}
-	return ""
+	return out
+}
+
+// suggestEnumForError picks the "did you mean" candidate for an enum
+// error message. Unlike suggestEnumMatch (whose result is auto-applied,
+// so it must stay unambiguous), this one may also draw on edit distance
+// — the suggestion is only prose, the user still has to re-issue the
+// value explicitly.
+func suggestEnumForError(value interface{}, values []interface{}) string {
+	s, ok := value.(string)
+	if !ok {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return closestEnumValue(s, stringEnumEntries(values))
 }
 
 func pathPrefix(path string) string {

shortcuts/sheets/flag_schema_validate_test.go

@@ -360,6 +360,142 @@ func TestValidateInputAgainstSchema_RealEnumCaseNormalized(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestValidateAgainstSchema_EnumAliasNormalized pins the cross-vocabulary
+// auto-fix: CSS-habit "center" for a vertical alignment unambiguously means
+// Lark's "middle", so the payload is normalized in place and the call
+// proceeds — same treatment as the "SUM" vs "sum" casing class.
+func TestValidateAgainstSchema_EnumAliasNormalized(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	schema := parseSchema(t, `{
+		"type":"object",
+		"properties":{"vertical_alignment":{"type":"string","enum":["top","middle","bottom"]}}
+	}`)
+	obj := map[string]interface{}{"vertical_alignment": "center"}
+	if err := validateAgainstSchema(obj, schema, ""); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("center should normalize to middle and pass, got: %v", err)
+	}
+	if got := obj["vertical_alignment"]; got != "middle" {
+		t.Errorf("vertical_alignment = %q, want normalized to %q", got, "middle")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestValidateAgainstSchema_EnumTypoSuggestedNotApplied pins the auto-apply
+// boundary on the error path: an edit-distance typo stays an error with a
+// "did you mean" suggestion, never a silent rewrite.
+func TestValidateAgainstSchema_EnumTypoSuggestedNotApplied(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	schema := parseSchema(t, `{
+		"type":"object",
+		"properties":{"order":{"type":"string","enum":["asc","desc"]}}
+	}`)
+	obj := map[string]interface{}{"order": "ascc"}
+	err := validateAgainstSchema(obj, schema, "")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("typo must be rejected")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), `did you mean "asc"?`) {
+		t.Errorf("enum error should suggest asc for the typo, got %q", err.Error())
+	}
+	if got := obj["order"]; got != "ascc" {
+		t.Errorf("typo must not be rewritten, got %q", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestValidateValueAgainstSchema_ShapeSkeletonOnShallowTypeMismatch
+// pins the highest-frequency eval failure: passing an object where
+// --cells expects a 2D array must inline a skeleton of the expected
+// shape (with the "value" key visible) so an agent fixes the retry
+// without a --print-schema round trip.
+func TestValidateValueAgainstSchema_ShapeSkeletonOnShallowTypeMismatch(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	fv := mapFlagView{command: "+cells-set"}
+	err := validateValueAgainstSchema(fv, "cells",
+		map[string]interface{}{"cells": []interface{}{}})
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("object where array expected must fail")
+	}
+	msg := err.Error()
+	for _, want := range []string{`expected type "array", got "object"`, "expected shape: [[{", `"value"`} {
+		if !strings.Contains(msg, want) {
+			t.Errorf("error should contain %q, got %q", want, msg)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Deep value-level mismatch keeps the plain --print-schema pointer
+	// (a whole-shape skeleton would not address the actual problem).
+	deep := []interface{}{[]interface{}{
+		map[string]interface{}{"note": 12.5},
+	}}
+	err = validateValueAgainstSchema(fv, "cells", deep)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("wrong type for note must fail")
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "expected shape:") {
+		t.Errorf("deep mismatch should not inline a skeleton, got %q", err.Error())
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "--print-schema") {
+		t.Errorf("deep mismatch should keep the --print-schema pointer, got %q", err.Error())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPathDepth(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	cases := []struct {
+		path string
+		want int
+	}{
+		{"", 0},
+		{"[0]", 1},
+		{"[0][3]", 2},
+		{"[0][3].value", 3},
+		{"legend", 1},
+		{"snapshot.axes", 2},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		if got := pathDepth(c.path); got != c.want {
+			t.Errorf("pathDepth(%q) = %d, want %d", c.path, got, c.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSchemaSkeleton(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	schema := parseSchema(t, `{
+		"type":"array",
+		"items":{
+			"type":"array",
+			"items":{
+				"type":"object",
+				"properties":{
+					"value":{},
+					"formula":{"type":"string"},
+					"align":{"type":"string","enum":["top","middle","bottom"]},
+					"styles":{"type":"object","properties":{"bold":{"type":"boolean"}}}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}`)
+	got := schemaSkeleton(schema, skeletonMaxDepth)
+	// Wide object (>2 keys) collapses nested containers to placeholders;
+	// enum strings surface their first allowed value.
+	want := `[[{"align": "top", "formula": "…", "styles": {…}, "value": …}]]`
+	if got != want {
+		t.Errorf("skeleton = %s, want %s", got, want)
+	}
+
+	narrow := parseSchema(t, `{
+		"type":"object",
+		"required":["sheets"],
+		"properties":{"sheets":{"type":"array","items":{"type":"object","properties":{"name":{"type":"string"}}}}}
+	}`)
+	got = schemaSkeleton(narrow, skeletonMaxDepth)
+	// Narrow object (≤2 keys) keeps descending so the inner shape shows.
+	want = `{"sheets": [{"name": "…"}]}`
+	if got != want {
+		t.Errorf("narrow skeleton = %s, want %s", got, want)
+	}
+}
+
 // TestValidateAgainstSchema_NilSchemaSafe pins the defensive
 // `if schema == nil { return nil }` guard. Current production callers
 // always hand validator a real schema, but the guard means future

shortcuts/sheets/flag_schemas_gen.go

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ var commandsWithSchema = map[string]struct{}{
 	"+cells-set-style":       {},
 	"+chart-create":          {},
 	"+chart-update":          {},
+	"+cols-resize":           {},
 	"+cond-format-create":    {},
 	"+cond-format-update":    {},
 	"+dropdown-set":          {},
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@ var commandsWithSchema = map[string]struct{}{
 	"+pivot-create":          {},
 	"+pivot-update":          {},
 	"+range-sort":            {},
+	"+rows-resize":           {},
 	"+sparkline-create":      {},
 	"+sparkline-update":      {},
 	"+table-put":             {},

shortcuts/sheets/flag_view.go

@@ -281,18 +281,18 @@ func (m mapFlagView) validateRawTypes() error {
 			// parse time; reject here too to keep batch/standalone parity.
 			f, isNum := val.(float64)
 			if !isNum {
-				return fmt.Errorf("--%s must be a number, got %s", name, jsonTypeName(val))
+				return fmt.Errorf("--%s must be a number, got %s", name, jsonTypeName(val)) //nolint:forbidigo // intermediate error; the batch dispatcher wraps it into a typed operations validation error
 			}
 			if math.Trunc(f) != f {
-				return fmt.Errorf("--%s must be an integer, got %s", name, strconv.FormatFloat(f, 'g', -1, 64))
+				return fmt.Errorf("--%s must be an integer, got %s", name, strconv.FormatFloat(f, 'g', -1, 64)) //nolint:forbidigo // intermediate error; the batch dispatcher wraps it into a typed operations validation error
 			}
 		case "float64":
 			if _, isNum := val.(float64); !isNum {
-				return fmt.Errorf("--%s must be a number, got %s", name, jsonTypeName(val))
+				return fmt.Errorf("--%s must be a number, got %s", name, jsonTypeName(val)) //nolint:forbidigo // intermediate error; the batch dispatcher wraps it into a typed operations validation error
 			}
 		case "bool":
 			if _, isBool := val.(bool); !isBool {
-				return fmt.Errorf("--%s must be a boolean, got %s", name, jsonTypeName(val))
+				return fmt.Errorf("--%s must be a boolean, got %s", name, jsonTypeName(val)) //nolint:forbidigo // intermediate error; the batch dispatcher wraps it into a typed operations validation error
 			}
 		}
 	}

shortcuts/sheets/helpers.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ package sheets
 import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	neturl "net/url"
 	"strings"
@@ -44,7 +45,8 @@ func sheetsValidationCauseForFlag(name string, cause error) *errs.ValidationErro
 // classification and only adds the domain's flag param.
 func sheetsInputStatError(flag string, err error) error {
 	wrapped := common.WrapInputStatErrorTyped(err)
-	if v, ok := wrapped.(*errs.ValidationError); ok {
+	var v *errs.ValidationError
+	if errors.As(wrapped, &v) {
 		return v.WithParam(sheetsFlagParam(flag))
 	}
 	return wrapped
@@ -52,21 +54,30 @@ func sheetsInputStatError(flag string, err error) error {
 
 // Drive media parent_type values for uploading an image into a spreadsheet.
 // Native spreadsheets use "sheet_image"; imported "office" spreadsheets carry a
-// synthetic token prefixed with "fake_office_" and the backend requires
-// "office_sheet_file" instead.
+// synthetic token prefixed with "fake_office_" (being renamed to
+// "local_office_") and the backend requires "office_sheet_file" instead.
 const (
 	sheetImageParentType      = "sheet_image"
 	officeSheetFileParentType = "office_sheet_file"
 	fakeOfficeTokenPrefix     = "fake_office_"
+	localOfficeTokenPrefix    = "local_office_"
 )
 
+// officeTokenPrefixes are the synthetic token prefixes an imported "office"
+// spreadsheet may carry. The prefix is being renamed from "fake_office_" to
+// "local_office_"; accept either so image uploads keep working across the
+// rename.
+var officeTokenPrefixes = []string{fakeOfficeTokenPrefix, localOfficeTokenPrefix}
+
 // sheetMediaParentType returns the drive media parent_type to use when
 // uploading an image whose parent_node is spreadsheetToken. It is the single
 // place that maps a spreadsheet token to its parent_type so every image-upload
 // entry point (and its dry-run preview) stays consistent.
 func sheetMediaParentType(spreadsheetToken string) string {
-	if strings.HasPrefix(spreadsheetToken, fakeOfficeTokenPrefix) {
-		return officeSheetFileParentType
+	for _, prefix := range officeTokenPrefixes {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(spreadsheetToken, prefix) {
+			return officeSheetFileParentType
+		}
 	}
 	return sheetImageParentType
 }
@@ -440,7 +451,7 @@ func requireJSONArray(runtime flagView, name string) ([]interface{}, error) {
 
 // ─── style flags (shared by +cells-set-style and +cells-batch-set-style) ─
 
-// buildCellStyleFromFlags reads the 11 flat style flags and returns the
+// buildCellStyleFromFlags reads the 12 flat style flags and returns the
 // cell_styles map expected by set_cell_range. Skips any flag the user
 // didn't set so partial styles work.
 func buildCellStyleFromFlags(runtime flagView) map[string]interface{} {
@@ -451,6 +462,9 @@ func buildCellStyleFromFlags(runtime flagView) map[string]interface{} {
 	if v := runtime.Str("font-color"); v != "" {
 		style["font_color"] = v
 	}
+	if v := runtime.Str("font-family"); v != "" {
+		style["font_family"] = v
+	}
 	if runtime.Changed("font-size") && runtime.Float64("font-size") > 0 {
 		style["font_size"] = runtime.Float64("font-size")
 	}

shortcuts/sheets/lark_sheet_batch_update.go

@@ -215,7 +215,8 @@ func cellsBatchSetStyleInput(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, token string) (map[
 	if borderStyles != nil {
 		prototype["border_styles"] = borderStyles
 	}
-	var ops []interface{}
+	ops := make([]interface{}, 0, len(ranges))
+	var totalCells int64
 	for _, rng := range ranges {
 		sheet, sub, err := splitSheetPrefixedRange(rng)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -225,6 +226,13 @@ func cellsBatchSetStyleInput(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, token string) (map[
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag("range", "range %q: %v", rng, err)
 		}
+		if err := checkStampMatrixBudget("ranges", rng, rows, cols); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		totalCells += int64(rows) * int64(cols)
+		if err := checkBatchStampBudget(totalCells); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 		cells := fillCellsMatrix(rows, cols, prototype)
 		ops = append(ops, map[string]interface{}{
 			"tool_name": "set_cell_range",
@@ -299,7 +307,7 @@ func cellsBatchClearInput(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, token string) (map[str
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	clearType := normalizeClearType(runtime.Str("scope"))
-	var ops []interface{}
+	ops := make([]interface{}, 0, len(ranges))
 	for _, rng := range ranges {
 		sheet, sub, err := splitSheetPrefixedRange(rng)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -382,13 +390,10 @@ var DropdownDelete = common.Shortcut{
 		if _, err := resolveSpreadsheetToken(runtime); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		ranges, err := validateDropdownRanges(runtime)
-		if err != nil {
+		// validateDropdownRanges enforces the shared maxBatchRanges cap.
+		if _, err := validateDropdownRanges(runtime); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		if len(ranges) > 100 {
-			return sheetsValidationForFlag("ranges", "--ranges accepts at most 100 entries; got %d", len(ranges))
-		}
 		return nil
 	},
 	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
@@ -432,7 +437,8 @@ func dropdownBatchInput(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, token string, clear bool
 		}
 		prototype = map[string]interface{}{"data_validation": validation}
 	}
-	var ops []interface{}
+	ops := make([]interface{}, 0, len(ranges))
+	var totalCells int64
 	for _, rng := range ranges {
 		sheet, sub, err := splitSheetPrefixedRange(rng)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -442,6 +448,13 @@ func dropdownBatchInput(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, token string, clear bool
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag("range", "range %q: %v", rng, err)
 		}
+		if err := checkStampMatrixBudget("ranges", rng, rows, cols); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		totalCells += int64(rows) * int64(cols)
+		if err := checkBatchStampBudget(totalCells); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 		cells := fillCellsMatrix(rows, cols, prototype)
 		ops = append(ops, map[string]interface{}{
 			"tool_name": "set_cell_range",
@@ -461,6 +474,25 @@ func dropdownBatchInput(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, token string, clear bool
 
 // ─── helpers resurrected from B3 (used here + future skills) ──────────
 
+// maxBatchRanges caps how many ranges a fan-out batch (+cells-batch-set-style /
+// +cells-batch-clear / +dropdown-update / +dropdown-delete) may carry, bounding
+// the number of ops materialized into one batch_update.
+const maxBatchRanges = 100
+
+// checkBatchStampBudget rejects a fan-out batch whose ranges materialize more
+// than maxStampMatrixCells cells in aggregate. A batch builds every range's
+// cells matrix up front, so the SUM across ranges is the real peak-memory bound
+// — the per-range checkStampMatrixBudget alone can't stop many ranges from
+// summing past it. totalCells is int64 to stay overflow-safe.
+func checkBatchStampBudget(totalCells int64) error {
+	if totalCells > maxStampMatrixCells {
+		return sheetsValidationForFlag("ranges",
+			"ranges expand to %d cells total, over the %d-cell safety cap; reduce the number or size of ranges",
+			totalCells, maxStampMatrixCells)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // validateDropdownRanges parses --ranges, requires every entry to carry a
 // sheet prefix, and returns the parsed list.
 func validateDropdownRanges(runtime *common.RuntimeContext) ([]string, error) {
@@ -490,6 +522,9 @@ func validateDropdownRanges(runtime *common.RuntimeContext) ([]string, error) {
 		}
 		out = append(out, s)
 	}
+	if len(out) > maxBatchRanges {
+		return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag("ranges", "--ranges accepts at most %d entries; got %d", maxBatchRanges, len(out))
+	}
 	return out, nil
 }
 

shortcuts/sheets/lark_sheet_batch_update_test.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ package sheets
 
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 )
 
@@ -419,6 +420,94 @@ func TestBatchUpdate_TranslatorRejects(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestBatchUpdate_PrescriptiveHints pins the recovery hints that ride on the
+// highest-frequency batch failures, so an agent can repair its payload in a
+// single retry without --help / --print-schema round trips.
+func TestBatchUpdate_PrescriptiveHints(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	cases := []struct {
+		name       string
+		opsJSON    string
+		wantMatch  string
+		wantInHint []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:       "missing shortcut gets entry template",
+			opsJSON:    `[{"input":{"range":"A1"}}]`,
+			wantMatch:  "'shortcut' field is required",
+			wantInHint: []string{`{"shortcut":"+cells-set"`, `"input"`},
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "disallowed shortcut lists the allow-list inline",
+			opsJSON:    `[{"shortcut":"+cells-batch-set-style","input":{}}]`,
+			wantMatch:  "not allowed in +batch-update",
+			wantInHint: []string{"allowed shortcuts:", "+cells-set-style", "+range-copy"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "translator failure lists full key contract",
+			opsJSON:    `[{"shortcut":"+dim-insert","input":{"sheet_name":"s"}}]`,
+			wantMatch:  "--position is required",
+			wantInHint: []string{"+dim-insert input keys:", "sheet_id|sheet_name (choose one)", "position (required)", "count (required)", "inherit_style"},
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			_, _, err := runShortcutCapturingErr(t, BatchUpdate, []string{
+				"--url", testURL,
+				"--operations", tc.opsJSON,
+				"--yes",
+				"--dry-run",
+			})
+			ve := requireValidation(t, err, tc.wantMatch)
+			for _, want := range tc.wantInHint {
+				if !strings.Contains(ve.Hint, want) {
+					t.Errorf("hint should contain %q, got %q", want, ve.Hint)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestTranslateBatchOperations_OverLimitSplitHint pins the split
+// prescription on the 100-entry cap: the hint must say how many batches
+// the caller should re-issue.
+func TestTranslateBatchOperations_OverLimitSplitHint(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	ops := make([]interface{}, 185)
+	for i := range ops {
+		ops[i] = map[string]interface{}{"shortcut": "+cells-set", "input": map[string]interface{}{}}
+	}
+	_, err := translateBatchOperations(ops, "shtcnX")
+	ve := requireValidation(t, err, "accepts at most 100 entries; got 185")
+	for _, want := range []string{"2 separate +batch-update calls", "at most 100 entries each"} {
+		if !strings.Contains(ve.Hint, want) {
+			t.Errorf("hint should contain %q, got %q", want, ve.Hint)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSubOpInputContract pins the contract line derivation from flag-defs:
+// reserved spreadsheet locators are omitted, the sheet selector collapses
+// to a choose-one, and required flags are marked.
+func TestSubOpInputContract(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	got := subOpInputContract("+dim-insert")
+	for _, want := range []string{"sheet_id|sheet_name (choose one)", "position (required)", "count (required)", "inherit_style"} {
+		if !strings.Contains(got, want) {
+			t.Errorf("contract should contain %q, got %q", want, got)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, banned := range []string{"url", "spreadsheet_token", "dry_run"} {
+		if strings.Contains(got, banned) {
+			t.Errorf("contract must not expose %q, got %q", banned, got)
+		}
+	}
+	if got := subOpInputContract("+no-such-shortcut"); got != "" {
+		t.Errorf("unknown shortcut should yield empty contract, got %q", got)
+	}
+}
+
 // TestBatchUpdate_DimFreezeInjectsFreeze covers the static-freeze-only
 // path: +dim-freeze always injects operation=freeze (count==0 unfreeze
 // path of the single shortcut is intentionally not supported in batch).
@@ -447,7 +536,7 @@ func TestBatchUpdate_ResizeNoOperationField(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	body := parseDryRunBody(t, BatchUpdate, []string{
 		"--url", testURL,
-		"--operations", `[{"shortcut":"+rows-resize","input":{"sheet_id":"sh1","range":"1:3","type":"pixel","size":30}}]`,
+		"--operations", `[{"shortcut":"+rows-resize","input":{"sheet_id":"sh1","range":"1:3","height":30}}]`,
 		"--yes",
 	})
 	input := decodeToolInput(t, body, "batch_update")

shortcuts/sheets/lark_sheet_changeset.go

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package sheets
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
+)
+
+// ─── lark_sheet_changeset ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+//
+// +changeset-get wraps the get_changeset read tool: fetch the raw changeset
+// (the list of edit actions) between two CS revisions of a spreadsheet, so a
+// human or reviewing agent can verify whether an AI edit actually fulfilled
+// the user's request.
+//
+//   - --start-revision is the "before" baseline (required, >= 1).
+//   - --end-revision is optional; when omitted it defaults to the latest
+//     revision, returning every changeset from start up to now.
+//   - The version gap is capped at 20 (end - start + 1 <= 20); the same cap
+//     is enforced server-side (sheet-facade-agg maxChangesetRevGap).
+
+const changesetMaxRevGap = 20
+
+// ChangesetGet fetches the raw changesets between two spreadsheet versions.
+var ChangesetGet = common.Shortcut{
+	Service:     "sheets",
+	Command:     "+changeset-get",
+	Description: "Fetch the raw changeset (edit actions) between two versions, to review whether an AI edit fulfilled the request.",
+	Risk:        "read",
+	Scopes:      []string{"sheets:spreadsheet:read"},
+	AuthTypes:   []string{"user", "bot"},
+	HasFormat:   true,
+	Flags:       flagsFor("+changeset-get"),
+	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+		if _, err := resolveSpreadsheetToken(runtime); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		_, _, err := changesetRevisions(runtime)
+		return err
+	},
+	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
+		token, _ := resolveSpreadsheetToken(runtime)
+		input, _ := changesetInput(runtime, token)
+		return invokeToolDryRun(token, ToolKindRead, "get_changeset", input)
+	},
+	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+		token, err := resolveSpreadsheetTokenExec(runtime)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		input, err := changesetInput(runtime, token)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		out, err := callTool(ctx, runtime, token, ToolKindRead, "get_changeset", input)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		runtime.Out(out, nil)
+		return nil
+	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Pass only --start-revision to diff against the latest version; add --end-revision to bound the range.",
+		"The version gap is capped at 20 revisions (end - start + 1 <= 20).",
+	},
+}
+
+// changesetRevisions reads and validates the start / end revision flags.
+// end <= 0 means "not provided" (default to latest, resolved server-side); a
+// provided end must be >= start and within the 20-revision gap.
+func changesetRevisions(runtime flagView) (start int, end int, err error) {
+	start = runtime.Int("start-revision")
+	end = runtime.Int("end-revision")
+	if start < 1 {
+		return 0, 0, sheetsValidationForFlag("start-revision", "--start-revision must be >= 1")
+	}
+	if end > 0 {
+		if end < start {
+			return 0, 0, sheetsValidationForFlag("end-revision", "--end-revision (%d) must be >= --start-revision (%d)", end, start)
+		}
+		if end-start+1 > changesetMaxRevGap {
+			return 0, 0, sheetsValidationForFlag("end-revision", "version gap exceeds limit %d (start=%d, end=%d)", changesetMaxRevGap, start, end)
+		}
+	}
+	return start, end, nil
+}
+
+// changesetInput builds the get_changeset tool input. end_revision is only
+// sent when explicitly provided; otherwise the server defaults to latest.
+func changesetInput(runtime flagView, token string) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	start, end, err := changesetRevisions(runtime)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	input := map[string]interface{}{
+		"excel_id":       token,
+		"start_revision": start,
+	}
+	if end > 0 {
+		input["end_revision"] = end
+	}
+	return input, nil
+}

shortcuts/sheets/lark_sheet_changeset_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package sheets
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// TestChangesetGet_DryRun locks the get_changeset tool input: --end-revision
+// is only sent when explicitly provided, otherwise the server defaults to the
+// latest revision.
+func TestChangesetGet_DryRun(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name      string
+		args      []string
+		wantInput map[string]interface{}
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "start + end bounded range",
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--start-revision", "120", "--end-revision", "135"},
+			wantInput: map[string]interface{}{
+				"excel_id":       testToken,
+				"start_revision": float64(120),
+				"end_revision":   float64(135),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "start only → end omitted (server defaults to latest)",
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--start-revision", "120"},
+			wantInput: map[string]interface{}{
+				"excel_id":       testToken,
+				"start_revision": float64(120),
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			body := parseDryRunBody(t, ChangesetGet, tt.args)
+			got := decodeToolInput(t, body, "get_changeset")
+			assertInputEquals(t, got, tt.wantInput)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestChangesetGet_Validation covers the client-side revision guards, which
+// mirror the server cap (sheet-facade-agg maxChangesetRevGap = 20).
+func TestChangesetGet_Validation(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	cases := []struct {
+		name    string
+		args    []string
+		wantSub string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:    "start-revision must be >= 1",
+			args:    []string{"--url", testURL, "--start-revision", "0"},
+			wantSub: "start-revision must be >= 1",
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "end before start rejected",
+			args:    []string{"--url", testURL, "--start-revision", "100", "--end-revision", "50"},
+			wantSub: "end-revision",
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "gap over 20 rejected",
+			args:    []string{"--url", testURL, "--start-revision", "1", "--end-revision", "30"},
+			wantSub: "version gap exceeds limit",
+		},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			stdout, stderr, err := runShortcutCapturingErr(t, ChangesetGet, append(c.args, "--dry-run"))
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected validation error; stdout=%s stderr=%s", stdout, stderr)
+			}
+			if !strings.Contains(stdout+stderr+err.Error(), c.wantSub) {
+				t.Errorf("expected %q; got=%s|%s|%v", c.wantSub, stdout, stderr, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

shortcuts/sheets/lark_sheet_formula_verify.go

@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package sheets
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/internal/util"
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
+)
+
+// ─── lark_sheet_formula_verify ───────────────────────────────────────
+//
+// Wraps verify_formula (read): scan formulas + cell error states across one
+// or more sub-sheets and aggregate Excel errors (#REF! / #DIV/0! / #VALUE! /
+// #NAME? / #NULL! / #NUM! / #N/A) plus compile failures (formula_errors)
+// into a recalc.py-shaped JSON status report. The contract is the single
+// AI self-check entry point for the R10 "write → verify zero-error"
+// invariant — see canonical-spec/references/lark_sheet_formula_verify/.
+
+// FormulaVerify wraps verify_formula. Sheet selection is optional (both
+// --sheet-id and --sheet-name are repeatable); when omitted, the tool scans
+// every visible sub-sheet's current_region.
+var FormulaVerify = common.Shortcut{
+	Service:     "sheets",
+	Command:     "+formula-verify",
+	Description: "Scan formulas / cell errors and return a recalc.py-shaped status report (success / errors_found / partial).",
+	Risk:        "read",
+	Scopes:      []string{"sheets:spreadsheet:read"},
+	AuthTypes:   []string{"user", "bot"},
+	HasFormat:   true,
+	Flags:       flagsFor("+formula-verify"),
+	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+		if _, err := resolveSpreadsheetToken(runtime); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if err := validateFormulaVerifySheetSelector(runtime); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return validateFormulaVerifyLimits(runtime)
+	},
+	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
+		token, _ := resolveSpreadsheetToken(runtime)
+		return invokeToolDryRun(token, ToolKindRead, "verify_formula", formulaVerifyInput(runtime, token))
+	},
+	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+		token, err := resolveSpreadsheetTokenExec(runtime)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		out, err := callTool(ctx, runtime, token, ToolKindRead, "verify_formula", formulaVerifyInput(runtime, token))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		runtime.Out(out, nil)
+		if runtime.Bool("exit-on-error") {
+			return formulaVerifyExitOnError(out)
+		}
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+// validateFormulaVerifySheetSelector enforces XOR-like guarantees on the
+// two multi-value selectors: at most one of --sheet-id / --sheet-name may be
+// non-empty (passing both is the high-frequency reflex confusion when the
+// caller cargo-cults the single-sheet shortcut signature). Both empty is the
+// documented "scan every visible sub-sheet" path. Control-char checks reuse
+// requireSheetSelector's logic on each item.
+func validateFormulaVerifySheetSelector(runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+	ids := nonEmptySliceItems(runtime.StrSlice("sheet-id"))
+	names := nonEmptySliceItems(runtime.StrSlice("sheet-name"))
+	if len(ids) > 0 && len(names) > 0 {
+		return common.ValidationErrorf("--sheet-id and --sheet-name are mutually exclusive; pick one selector to identify sub-sheets").
+			WithParams(
+				sheetsInvalidParam("sheet-id", "mutually exclusive"),
+				sheetsInvalidParam("sheet-name", "mutually exclusive"),
+			)
+	}
+	for _, id := range ids {
+		if err := requireSheetSelector(id, ""); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	for _, name := range names {
+		if err := requireSheetSelector("", name); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// validateFormulaVerifyLimits rejects non-positive caps so a misplaced 0 or
+// negative flag value can't silently degrade the scan (the server-side
+// default would otherwise mask the typo).
+func validateFormulaVerifyLimits(runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+	if runtime.Changed("max-locations") && runtime.Int("max-locations") <= 0 {
+		return sheetsValidationForFlag("max-locations", "--max-locations must be > 0")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// nonEmptySliceItems trims and drops blanks from a repeated-flag value so
+// `--sheet-id ""` doesn't masquerade as a real entry.
+func nonEmptySliceItems(in []string) []string {
+	out := make([]string, 0, len(in))
+	for _, v := range in {
+		if trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(v); trimmed != "" {
+			out = append(out, trimmed)
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// formulaVerifyInput builds the verify_formula tool input map from CLI flags.
+// excel_id is required; everything else is optional per the schema.
+func formulaVerifyInput(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, token string) map[string]interface{} {
+	input := map[string]interface{}{
+		"excel_id": token,
+	}
+	if ids := nonEmptySliceItems(runtime.StrSlice("sheet-id")); len(ids) > 0 {
+		input["sheet_ids"] = ids
+	} else if names := nonEmptySliceItems(runtime.StrSlice("sheet-name")); len(names) > 0 {
+		// The verify_formula schema only declares sheet_ids; the facade
+		// accepts sheet_names as a parallel optional field so name-based
+		// selection works without forcing the caller to pre-resolve. Mirrors
+		// how the other read shortcuts pack both fields via
+		// sheetSelectorForToolInput.
+		input["sheet_names"] = names
+	}
+	if ranges := nonEmptySliceItems(runtime.StrSlice("range")); len(ranges) > 0 {
+		input["ranges"] = ranges
+	}
+	if runtime.Changed("max-locations") {
+		input["max_locations_per_error"] = runtime.Int("max-locations")
+	}
+	return input
+}
+
+// formulaVerifyExitOnError converts a verify_formula status into a non-zero
+// CLI exit when the caller passed --exit-on-error. status="errors_found"
+// is the only failure mode for this flag: "partial" means truncated but the
+// scanned slice is clean, and "success" is obviously clean. A missing /
+// unknown status is treated as a typed internal error because the tool's
+// schema guarantees the field and we don't want a silent zero-exit.
+func formulaVerifyExitOnError(out interface{}) error {
+	m, ok := out.(map[string]interface{})
+	if !ok {
+		return errs.NewInternalError(errs.SubtypeInvalidResponse,
+			"verify_formula: missing status field in tool output")
+	}
+	status, _ := m["status"].(string)
+	switch status {
+	case "success", "partial":
+		return nil
+	case "errors_found":
+		total, _ := util.ToFloat64(m["total_errors"])
+		return errs.NewValidationError(errs.SubtypeFailedPrecondition,
+			"verify_formula: %d formula error(s) detected; resolve and re-run", int(total)).
+			WithHint("inspect error_summary[*] / compile_errors[*] in the JSON output, fix or wrap with IFERROR, then re-run +formula-verify until status=success")
+	default:
+		return errs.NewInternalError(errs.SubtypeInvalidResponse,
+			"verify_formula: unexpected status %q", status)
+	}
+}

shortcuts/sheets/lark_sheet_formula_verify_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package sheets
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
+)
+
+// TestFormulaVerify_DryRun pins the wire shape verify_formula sends for the
+// common input combinations: no selector (workbook-wide scan), explicit
+// sheet_ids, explicit ranges, and the optional max_locations_per_error
+// field. The test exercises the One-OpenAPI body
+// directly so the schema field names stay locked to the canonical
+// tool-schemas.json verify_formula node.
+func TestFormulaVerify_DryRun(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name      string
+		args      []string
+		wantInput map[string]interface{}
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "no selector — workbook-wide scan defaults",
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL},
+			wantInput: map[string]interface{}{
+				"excel_id": testToken,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "sheet_ids multi via repeat",
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--sheet-id", testSheetID2},
+			wantInput: map[string]interface{}{
+				"excel_id":  testToken,
+				"sheet_ids": []interface{}{testSheetID, testSheetID2},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "sheet_names multi via comma",
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-name", "Sheet1,Sheet2"},
+			wantInput: map[string]interface{}{
+				"excel_id":    testToken,
+				"sheet_names": []interface{}{"Sheet1", "Sheet2"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "ranges + max_locations",
+			args: []string{
+				"--url", testURL,
+				"--range", "A1:Z200",
+				"--range", "AA1:AZ100",
+				"--max-locations", "5",
+			},
+			wantInput: map[string]interface{}{
+				"excel_id":                testToken,
+				"ranges":                  []interface{}{"A1:Z200", "AA1:AZ100"},
+				"max_locations_per_error": float64(5),
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			body := parseDryRunBody(t, FormulaVerify, tt.args)
+			got := decodeToolInput(t, body, "verify_formula")
+			assertInputEquals(t, got, tt.wantInput)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFormulaVerify_DryRunInvokeReadPath confirms the request hits
+// invoke_read (read scope) and not invoke_write — a scope mismatch here would
+// surface as a 403 from the gateway.
+func TestFormulaVerify_DryRunInvokeReadPath(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	calls := parseDryRunAPI(t, FormulaVerify, []string{"--url", testURL})
+	if len(calls) == 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("dry-run produced no api calls")
+	}
+	call, _ := calls[0].(map[string]interface{})
+	url, _ := call["url"].(string)
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(url, "/tools/invoke_read") {
+		t.Errorf("verify_formula must hit invoke_read; got url=%q", url)
+	}
+	if want := "/open-apis/sheet_ai/v2/spreadsheets/" + testToken + "/tools/invoke_read"; url != want {
+		t.Errorf("url = %q, want %q", url, want)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFormulaVerify_RejectsBothSelectors locks the "at most one selector"
+// rule on the two multi-value flags. Both empty is the documented
+// workbook-wide scan path, so we only reject the both-supplied case.
+func TestFormulaVerify_RejectsBothSelectors(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	_, _, err := runShortcutCapturingErr(t, FormulaVerify, []string{
+		"--url", testURL,
+		"--sheet-id", testSheetID,
+		"--sheet-name", "Sheet1",
+		"--dry-run",
+	})
+	ve := requireValidation(t, err, "mutually exclusive")
+	gotParams := map[string]bool{}
+	for _, p := range ve.Params {
+		gotParams[p.Name] = true
+	}
+	if !gotParams["--sheet-id"] || !gotParams["--sheet-name"] {
+		t.Errorf("params = %#v, want both --sheet-id and --sheet-name flagged", ve.Params)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFormulaVerify_RejectsNonPositiveLimits guards against typos like
+// `--max-locations 0`, which would otherwise be silently swallowed by the
+// "explicit value but unset" comparison in the input builder.
+func TestFormulaVerify_RejectsNonPositiveLimits(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	cases := []struct {
+		name string
+		args []string
+		want string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "max-locations=0",
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--max-locations", "0"},
+			want: "--max-locations must be > 0",
+		},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			_, _, err := runShortcutCapturingErr(t, FormulaVerify, append(c.args, "--dry-run"))
+			requireValidation(t, err, c.want)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFormulaVerifyExitOnError_StatusMatrix locks the --exit-on-error
+// contract: success/partial → no error; errors_found → typed validation
+// error with SubtypeFailedPrecondition; missing or unknown status →
+// typed internal error so a silent zero-exit can never happen.
+func TestFormulaVerifyExitOnError_StatusMatrix(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run("success returns no error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		if err := formulaVerifyExitOnError(map[string]interface{}{"status": "success"}); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("success path returned err: %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("partial returns no error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		if err := formulaVerifyExitOnError(map[string]interface{}{"status": "partial", "has_more": true}); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("partial path returned err: %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("errors_found yields failed_precondition with count", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		err := formulaVerifyExitOnError(map[string]interface{}{
+			"status":       "errors_found",
+			"total_errors": float64(7),
+		})
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("expected error, got nil")
+		}
+		var ve *errs.ValidationError
+		if !errors.As(err, &ve) {
+			t.Fatalf("error = %T %v, want *errs.ValidationError", err, err)
+		}
+		if ve.Subtype != errs.SubtypeFailedPrecondition {
+			t.Errorf("subtype = %q, want %q", ve.Subtype, errs.SubtypeFailedPrecondition)
+		}
+		if !strings.Contains(ve.Message, "7 formula error") {
+			t.Errorf("message %q must surface the error count", ve.Message)
+		}
+		if ve.Hint == "" {
+			t.Errorf("hint must be set so AI agents know to re-run after fixes")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("unknown status maps to internal/invalid_response", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		err := formulaVerifyExitOnError(map[string]interface{}{"status": "weird"})
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("expected error, got nil")
+		}
+		p, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
+		if !ok {
+			t.Fatalf("expected typed problem, got %T %v", err, err)
+		}
+		if p.Category != errs.CategoryInternal || p.Subtype != errs.SubtypeInvalidResponse {
+			t.Errorf("category/subtype = %q/%q, want internal/invalid_response", p.Category, p.Subtype)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("non-object output maps to internal/invalid_response", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		err := formulaVerifyExitOnError("oops")
+		p, ok := errs.ProblemOf(err)
+		if !ok {
+			t.Fatalf("expected typed problem, got %T %v", err, err)
+		}
+		if p.Category != errs.CategoryInternal || p.Subtype != errs.SubtypeInvalidResponse {
+			t.Errorf("category/subtype = %q/%q, want internal/invalid_response", p.Category, p.Subtype)
+		}
+	})
+}

shortcuts/sheets/lark_sheet_history_list.go

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package sheets
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
+)
+
+// ─── lark_sheet_history (BE-1: +history-list) ─────────────────────────
+//
+// Wraps the facade-agg `history_list` tool (read) behind the One-OpenAPI
+// invoke_read endpoint. The tool returns a sheet's version history. The
+// facade-agg tool already performs the response transform (minor_histories
+// trim / id → history_version_id / 4-field projection / RFC3339 create_time),
+// so the CLI passes the tool output straight through and does NOT re-implement
+// the transform client-side.
+//
+// History is workbook-level (no sheet selector), mirroring +workbook-info:
+// the only locator is --url / --spreadsheet-token (XOR), with --token accepted
+// as a parse-time alias for --spreadsheet-token via the shared PostMount hook.
+//
+// Flags are declared inline here rather than via flagsFor(): the generated
+// flag_defs_gen.go / data/flag-defs.json are synced from sheet-skill-spec
+// (BE-3) and must not be hand-edited, so this hand-written shortcut owns its
+// own flag set. The two locator flags match +workbook-info's shape exactly.
+
+// historyLocatorFlags is the --url / --spreadsheet-token XOR locator pair
+// shared by the three history shortcuts. Mirrors +workbook-info's flag-defs
+// entry; XOR is enforced in Validate via parseSpreadsheetRef, not by Required.
+func historyLocatorFlags() []common.Flag {
+	return []common.Flag{
+		{Name: "url", Type: "string", Desc: "Spreadsheet locator (a /sheets/ or /wiki/ URL)."},
+		{Name: "spreadsheet-token", Type: "string", Desc: "Spreadsheet locator (raw spreadsheet token)."},
+	}
+}
+
+// HistoryList wraps the history_list tool: list a spreadsheet's history
+// versions. Each item carries history_version_id / create_time / action /
+// all_block_revision (projected server-side). An empty sheet yields an empty
+// list and exit 0.
+//
+// Backward pagination: --end-version (optional int) maps to the tool's
+// `end_version` parameter. Omit on the first call to fetch the latest page.
+// On subsequent pages pass the previous response's next_end_version as
+// --end-version. The tool returns next_end_version + has_more only when
+// more history exists; both fields are absent at the earliest page.
+var HistoryList = common.Shortcut{
+	Service:     "sheets",
+	Command:     "+history-list",
+	Description: "List a spreadsheet's edit history versions (history_version_id, create_time, action, all_block_revision).",
+	Risk:        "read",
+	Scopes:      []string{"sheets:spreadsheet:read"},
+	AuthTypes:   []string{"user", "bot"},
+	HasFormat:   true,
+	Flags: append(historyLocatorFlags(),
+		common.Flag{Name: "end-version", Type: "int", Desc: "Max version to query (descending pagination). Omit on the first call; pass the previous response's next_end_version on subsequent pages."},
+	),
+	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+		_, err := resolveSpreadsheetToken(runtime)
+		return err
+	},
+	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
+		token, _ := resolveSpreadsheetToken(runtime)
+		return invokeToolDryRun(token, ToolKindRead, "history_list", historyListInput(runtime, token))
+	},
+	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+		token, err := resolveSpreadsheetTokenExec(runtime)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		out, err := callTool(ctx, runtime, token, ToolKindRead, "history_list", historyListInput(runtime, token))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		// Pass the tool output through verbatim — facade-agg already shaped it.
+		runtime.Out(out, nil)
+		return nil
+	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Capture a history_version_id from the result to feed +history-revert.",
+		"For older history, capture next_end_version from the response and pass it as --end-version on the next call (omitted by the server when the earliest page is reached).",
+	},
+}
+
+// historyListInput composes the history_list tool input. --end-version is
+// optional: include it only when explicitly set so the server treats absence
+// as "first page (latest)".
+func historyListInput(runtime *common.RuntimeContext, token string) map[string]interface{} {
+	in := map[string]interface{}{"excel_id": token}
+	if runtime.Changed("end-version") {
+		in["end_version"] = runtime.Int("end-version")
+	}
+	return in
+}

shortcuts/sheets/lark_sheet_history_revert.go

@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package sheets
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
+)
+
+// ─── lark_sheet_history (BE-2: +history-revert / +history-revert-status) ──
+//
+// Two thin callTool wrappers over the facade-agg history tools:
+//   - +history-revert        → history_revert        (write) — async revert
+//   - +history-revert-status → history_revert_status (read)  — poll outcome
+//
+// Both target a single history version via --history-version-id (the id
+// surfaced by +history-list). Revert is asynchronous: it returns a receipt /
+// transaction id that +history-revert-status then polls, distinguishing
+// in-progress / success / failure from the tool output (passed through
+// verbatim — no client-side shaping).
+//
+// ⚠️ Backend state: the facade-agg history_revert / history_revert_status
+// tools are registered but their downstream RPC wiring is a DEFERRED
+// follow-up; today they return a "not wired yet" guard error from the gateway,
+// which surfaces here as a normal tool error. These CLI shortcuts are correct
+// thin wrappers and will work end-to-end once the backend follow-up lands —
+// this is NOT a CLI blocker. See self_check.md.
+//
+// Flags are declared inline (historyLocatorFlags + history-version-id) rather
+// than via flagsFor(), because flag_defs_gen.go / data/flag-defs.json are
+// synced from sheet-skill-spec (BE-3) and must not be hand-edited.
+
+// historyVersionIDFlag is the target-version selector shared by +history-revert.
+// Required at the cli surface (cobra MarkFlagRequired): a missing value yields
+// cobra's standard "required flag(s) \"history-version-id\" not set" message
+// before Validate runs. We still trim + reject control-chars in Validate to
+// reject empty strings ("--history-version-id "" "), which cobra accepts.
+func historyVersionIDFlag() common.Flag {
+	return common.Flag{
+		Name:     "history-version-id",
+		Type:     "string",
+		Required: true,
+		Desc:     "History version to act on (from +history-list).",
+	}
+}
+
+func historyRevertFlags() []common.Flag {
+	return append(historyLocatorFlags(), historyVersionIDFlag())
+}
+
+// validateHistoryVersionID enforces the required, control-char-clean
+// --history-version-id. Returns the trimmed value so callers reuse it.
+func validateHistoryVersionID(runtime *common.RuntimeContext) (string, error) {
+	id := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("history-version-id"))
+	if id == "" {
+		return "", sheetsValidationForFlag("history-version-id", "--history-version-id is required")
+	}
+	return id, nil
+}
+
+func historyRevertInput(token, versionID string) map[string]interface{} {
+	return map[string]interface{}{
+		"excel_id":           token,
+		"history_version_id": versionID,
+	}
+}
+
+// transactionIDFlag is the async-revert receipt selector used by
+// +history-revert-status: the transaction_id returned by +history-revert (NOT a
+// history version id — the facade-agg status tool keys on transaction_id).
+// Required at the cli surface (cobra MarkFlagRequired) — same gating model as
+// historyVersionIDFlag. Validate still trims + rejects empty/control-char
+// values to catch the case where cobra accepts --transaction-id with an
+// empty-string value.
+func transactionIDFlag() common.Flag {
+	return common.Flag{
+		Name:     "transaction-id",
+		Type:     "string",
+		Required: true,
+		Desc:     "Async revert transaction id (from +history-revert).",
+	}
+}
+
+func historyRevertStatusFlags() []common.Flag {
+	return append(historyLocatorFlags(), transactionIDFlag())
+}
+
+// validateTransactionID enforces the required, trimmed --transaction-id and
+// returns it for reuse.
+func validateTransactionID(runtime *common.RuntimeContext) (string, error) {
+	id := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("transaction-id"))
+	if id == "" {
+		return "", sheetsValidationForFlag("transaction-id", "--transaction-id is required")
+	}
+	return id, nil
+}
+
+func historyRevertStatusInput(token, transactionID string) map[string]interface{} {
+	return map[string]interface{}{
+		"excel_id":       token,
+		"transaction_id": transactionID,
+	}
+}
+
+// HistoryRevert wraps the history_revert tool (write): asynchronously revert a
+// spreadsheet to the given history version. --history-version-id is required
+// at the cli surface (cobra MarkFlagRequired); a missing flag fails before
+// Validate runs with cobra's standard "required flag(s)" error (which the
+// dispatcher classifies as a typed *errs.ValidationError, exit 2). We still
+// trim + reject empty / control-char values in Validate to catch the
+// case where cobra accepts --history-version-id with an empty-string value.
+var HistoryRevert = common.Shortcut{
+	Service:     "sheets",
+	Command:     "+history-revert",
+	Description: "Revert a spreadsheet to a given history version (asynchronous; poll with +history-revert-status).",
+	Risk:        "write",
+	Scopes:      []string{"sheets:spreadsheet:write_only"},
+	AuthTypes:   []string{"user", "bot"},
+	HasFormat:   true,
+	Flags:       historyRevertFlags(),
+	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+		if _, err := resolveSpreadsheetToken(runtime); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		_, err := validateHistoryVersionID(runtime)
+		return err
+	},
+	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
+		token, _ := resolveSpreadsheetToken(runtime)
+		versionID := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("history-version-id"))
+		return invokeToolDryRun(token, ToolKindWrite, "history_revert", historyRevertInput(token, versionID))
+	},
+	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+		token, err := resolveSpreadsheetTokenExec(runtime)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		versionID, err := validateHistoryVersionID(runtime)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		out, err := callTool(ctx, runtime, token, ToolKindWrite, "history_revert", historyRevertInput(token, versionID))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		runtime.Out(out, nil)
+		return nil
+	},
+	Tips: []string{
+		"Revert is asynchronous — pass the returned id to +history-revert-status to track in-progress / success / failure.",
+	},
+}
+
+// HistoryRevertStatus wraps the history_revert_status tool (read): poll the
+// outcome of a prior +history-revert. The tool output distinguishes
+// in-progress / success / failure and is passed through verbatim.
+var HistoryRevertStatus = common.Shortcut{
+	Service:     "sheets",
+	Command:     "+history-revert-status",
+	Description: "Poll the status of a history revert (in-progress / success / failure).",
+	Risk:        "read",
+	Scopes:      []string{"sheets:spreadsheet:read"},
+	AuthTypes:   []string{"user", "bot"},
+	HasFormat:   true,
+	Flags:       historyRevertStatusFlags(),
+	Validate: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+		if _, err := resolveSpreadsheetToken(runtime); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		_, err := validateTransactionID(runtime)
+		return err
+	},
+	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
+		token, _ := resolveSpreadsheetToken(runtime)
+		txnID := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("transaction-id"))
+		return invokeToolDryRun(token, ToolKindRead, "history_revert_status", historyRevertStatusInput(token, txnID))
+	},
+	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+		token, err := resolveSpreadsheetTokenExec(runtime)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		txnID, err := validateTransactionID(runtime)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		out, err := callTool(ctx, runtime, token, ToolKindRead, "history_revert_status", historyRevertStatusInput(token, txnID))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		runtime.Out(out, nil)
+		return nil
+	},
+}

shortcuts/sheets/lark_sheet_history_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Lark Technologies Pte. Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package sheets
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/larksuite/cli/shortcuts/common"
+)
+
+// TestHistoryShortcuts_DryRun asserts each history shortcut targets the right
+// facade-agg tool, routes through the correct read/write invoke endpoint, and
+// builds the expected tool input (excel_id always; history_version_id for the
+// revert pair).
+func TestHistoryShortcuts_DryRun(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	const versionID = "histVER123"
+	const txnID = "txn-abc-123"
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name      string
+		sc        common.Shortcut
+		args      []string
+		toolName  string
+		wantPath  string // invoke_read | invoke_write suffix
+		wantInput map[string]interface{}
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "+history-list via --url",
+			sc:       HistoryList,
+			args:     []string{"--url", testURL},
+			toolName: "history_list",
+			wantPath: "invoke_read",
+			wantInput: map[string]interface{}{
+				"excel_id": testToken,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "+history-list via --spreadsheet-token",
+			sc:       HistoryList,
+			args:     []string{"--spreadsheet-token", testToken},
+			toolName: "history_list",
+			wantPath: "invoke_read",
+			wantInput: map[string]interface{}{
+				"excel_id": testToken,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "+history-list paginates with --end-version",
+			sc:       HistoryList,
+			args:     []string{"--url", testURL, "--end-version", "12345"},
+			toolName: "history_list",
+			wantPath: "invoke_read",
+			wantInput: map[string]interface{}{
+				"excel_id":    testToken,
+				"end_version": float64(12345), // post-JSON-unmarshal numeric type
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "+history-revert routes to invoke_write with version id",
+			sc:       HistoryRevert,
+			args:     []string{"--url", testURL, "--history-version-id", versionID},
+			toolName: "history_revert",
+			wantPath: "invoke_write",
+			wantInput: map[string]interface{}{
+				"excel_id":           testToken,
+				"history_version_id": versionID,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "+history-revert-status routes to invoke_read with transaction id",
+			sc:       HistoryRevertStatus,
+			args:     []string{"--url", testURL, "--transaction-id", txnID},
+			toolName: "history_revert_status",
+			wantPath: "invoke_read",
+			wantInput: map[string]interface{}{
+				"excel_id":       testToken,
+				"transaction_id": txnID,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			callURL := dryRunFirstCallURL(t, tt.sc, tt.args)
+			if !containsSuffix(callURL, tt.wantPath) {
+				t.Errorf("invoke url = %q, want suffix %q", callURL, tt.wantPath)
+			}
+			body := parseDryRunBody(t, tt.sc, tt.args)
+			got := decodeToolInput(t, body, tt.toolName)
+			assertInputEquals(t, got, tt.wantInput)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestHistoryRevert_MissingRequiredFlag asserts each shortcut rejects a
+// missing required selector before any request is sent, with two distinct
+// gates by design:
+//
+//   - +history-revert: --history-version-id is cobra-required (Required=true
+//     in the flag def → MarkFlagRequired). cobra refuses the call before
+//     Validate runs with a plain "required flag(s)" error; the cmd dispatcher
+//     classifies it as a typed *errs.ValidationError (invalid_argument, exit 2).
+//     The test rig invokes the shortcut via cmd.Execute and observes the raw
+//     cobra error directly (no dispatcher wrap), so we assert the cobra text
+//     contract instead of the typed envelope.
+//
+//   - +history-revert-status: --transaction-id is cobra-optional;
+//     requiredness is enforced inside Validate so we still get a typed,
+//     flag-tagged *errs.ValidationError with Param="--transaction-id".
+func TestHistoryRevert_MissingRequiredFlag(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run(HistoryRevert.Command, func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		_, _, err := runShortcutCapturingErr(t, HistoryRevert, []string{"--url", testURL})
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("%s: expected error for missing --history-version-id", HistoryRevert.Command)
+		}
+		msg := err.Error()
+		if !strings.Contains(msg, "required flag(s)") || !strings.Contains(msg, "history-version-id") {
+			t.Fatalf("%s: cobra error = %q, want substrings 'required flag(s)' and 'history-version-id'", HistoryRevert.Command, msg)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run(HistoryRevertStatus.Command, func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		_, _, err := runShortcutCapturingErr(t, HistoryRevertStatus, []string{"--url", testURL})
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("%s: expected error for missing --transaction-id", HistoryRevertStatus.Command)
+		}
+		msg := err.Error()
+		if !strings.Contains(msg, "required flag(s)") || !strings.Contains(msg, "transaction-id") {
+			t.Fatalf("%s: cobra error = %q, want substrings 'required flag(s)' and 'transaction-id'", HistoryRevertStatus.Command, msg)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// dryRunFirstCallURL runs the shortcut in --dry-run and returns the first
+// api call's url, so tests can assert read vs. write endpoint routing.
+func dryRunFirstCallURL(t *testing.T, sc common.Shortcut, args []string) string {
+	t.Helper()
+	out, err := runShortcut(t, sc, append(args, "--dry-run"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("dry-run failed: %v\noutput=%s", err, out)
+	}
+	dryRun := decodeDryRunRaw(t, out)
+	calls, ok := dryRun["api"].([]interface{})
+	if !ok || len(calls) == 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("dry-run api array empty or wrong shape: %#v", dryRun)
+	}
+	call, _ := calls[0].(map[string]interface{})
+	url, _ := call["url"].(string)
+	return url
+}
+
+func containsSuffix(s, sub string) bool {
+	for i := 0; i+len(sub) <= len(s); i++ {
+		if s[i:i+len(sub)] == sub {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}

shortcuts/sheets/lark_sheet_range_operations.go

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ package sheets
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/larksuite/cli/errs"
@@ -208,77 +210,81 @@ func mergeInput(runtime flagView, token, sheetID, sheetName, op string, withMerg
 	return input, nil
 }
 
-// resize_range exposes two CLI shortcuts:
+// resize_range exposes two CLI shortcuts, each with two input forms:
 //
-//   +rows-resize / +cols-resize — set row heights / column widths. --type
-//   enum (pixel / standard / [auto]) controls how: --type pixel needs --size,
-//   --type standard restores the sheet default, --type auto auto-fits row
-//   heights (rows only). --range is an A1 closed range ("2:10" / "5" rows or
-//   "A:E" / "C" columns); single-element form is expanded to "N:N" before
-//   send because resize_range rejects bare single-element ranges.
+//   +rows-resize / +cols-resize — set row heights / column widths.
+//
+//   Uniform form: --range + --height/--width <px>; the pixel mode is implied
+//   so --type can be omitted (or set to `pixel` — equivalent). Non-pixel
+//   modes go through --type standard / --type auto (rows only) and cannot be
+//   combined with the pixel flag. --range is an A1 closed range ("2:10" /
+//   "5" rows or "A:E" / "C" columns); single-element form is expanded to
+//   "N:N" before send because resize_range rejects bare single-element
+//   ranges.
+//
+//   Map form: --heights / --widths carries a JSON object of per-row/column
+//   sizes ({"A": 100, "C:E": 120, "G": "standard"}) and fans out into one
+//   atomic batch_update of resize_range ops — different sizes for many
+//   rows/columns in a single CLI call, no +batch-update needed. Mutually
+//   exclusive with --range/--height/--width/--type, and not accepted as a
+//   +batch-update sub-op (nested batch_update is unsupported upstream).
 //
 // Wire shape: resize_height / resize_width carries { type, value? }, e.g.
 //   { "type": "pixel", "value": 30 }  or  { "type": "standard" }.
+//
+// Units are pixels. Column widths in Excel character units (openpyxl /
+// xlsxwriter mental model, px ≈ chars × 8 + 16) are a real agent trap, so
+// widths below minSaneColumnWidthPx are rejected with a conversion hint.
 
-// RowsResize wraps resize_range for row heights. --type auto enables
-// auto-fit (rows only); --type pixel requires --size.
+// RowsResize wraps resize_range for row heights. Pass --range + --height
+// <px> for a uniform pixel height, --heights '{"1":50,"2:20":30}' for
+// per-row heights, or --type standard/auto for non-pixel modes.
 var RowsResize = common.Shortcut{
 	Service:     "sheets",
 	Command:     "+rows-resize",
-	Description: "Resize rows by pixel / standard / auto (--type pixel needs --size; --range is 1-based A1 like \"2:10\" or \"5\").",
+	Description: "Resize rows in pixels: --range + --height <px> for one uniform height, --heights '{\"1\":50,\"2:20\":30,\"21\":\"auto\"}' for per-row heights in one atomic call, or --type standard/auto (--range is 1-based A1 like \"2:10\" or \"5\").",
 	Risk:        "write",
 	Scopes:      []string{"sheets:spreadsheet:write_only"},
 	AuthTypes:   []string{"user", "bot"},
 	HasFormat:   true,
 	Flags:       flagsFor("+rows-resize"),
 	Validate:    validateViaResize("row"),
-	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
-		token, _ := resolveSpreadsheetToken(runtime)
-		sheetID, sheetName, _ := resolveSheetSelector(runtime)
-		input, _ := resizeInput(runtime, token, sheetID, sheetName, "row")
-		return invokeToolDryRun(token, ToolKindWrite, "resize_range", input)
-	},
-	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
-		token, err := resolveSpreadsheetTokenExec(runtime)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		sheetID, sheetName, err := resolveSheetSelector(runtime)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		input, err := resizeInput(runtime, token, sheetID, sheetName, "row")
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		out, err := callTool(ctx, runtime, token, ToolKindWrite, "resize_range", input)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		runtime.Out(out, nil)
-		return nil
-	},
+	DryRun:      resizeDryRun("row"),
+	Execute:     resizeExecute("row"),
 }
 
-// ColsResize wraps resize_range for column widths. Column widths do not
-// support auto-fit — --type only accepts pixel / standard.
+// ColsResize wraps resize_range for column widths. Pass --range + --width
+// <px> for a uniform pixel width, --widths '{"A":100,"C:E":120}' for
+// per-column widths, or --type standard for the default width. Column
+// widths do not support auto-fit — --type does not accept auto.
 var ColsResize = common.Shortcut{
 	Service:     "sheets",
 	Command:     "+cols-resize",
-	Description: "Resize columns by pixel / standard (--type pixel needs --size; --range is column letters like \"A:E\" or \"C\"; no auto for cols).",
+	Description: "Resize columns in pixels (NOT Excel char units): --range + --width <px> for one uniform width, --widths '{\"A\":100,\"C:E\":120}' for per-column widths in one atomic call, or --type standard to reset (--range is column letters like \"A:E\" or \"C\"; no auto for cols).",
 	Risk:        "write",
 	Scopes:      []string{"sheets:spreadsheet:write_only"},
 	AuthTypes:   []string{"user", "bot"},
 	HasFormat:   true,
 	Flags:       flagsFor("+cols-resize"),
 	Validate:    validateViaResize("column"),
-	DryRun: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
+	DryRun:      resizeDryRun("column"),
+	Execute:     resizeExecute("column"),
+}
+
+// resizeDryRun / resizeExecute route a resize shortcut through resizeToolCall
+// so the uniform form hits resize_range and the map form hits batch_update
+// with identical inputs in preview and execution.
+func resizeDryRun(dimension string) func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
+	return func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) *common.DryRunAPI {
 		token, _ := resolveSpreadsheetToken(runtime)
 		sheetID, sheetName, _ := resolveSheetSelector(runtime)
-		input, _ := resizeInput(runtime, token, sheetID, sheetName, "column")
-		return invokeToolDryRun(token, ToolKindWrite, "resize_range", input)
-	},
-	Execute: func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+		toolName, input, _ := resizeToolCall(runtime, token, sheetID, sheetName, dimension)
+		return invokeToolDryRun(token, ToolKindWrite, toolName, input)
+	}
+}
+
+func resizeExecute(dimension string) func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
+	return func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		token, err := resolveSpreadsheetTokenExec(runtime)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -287,22 +293,21 @@ var ColsResize = common.Shortcut{
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		input, err := resizeInput(runtime, token, sheetID, sheetName, "column")
+		toolName, input, err := resizeToolCall(runtime, token, sheetID, sheetName, dimension)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		out, err := callTool(ctx, runtime, token, ToolKindWrite, "resize_range", input)
+		out, err := callTool(ctx, runtime, token, ToolKindWrite, toolName, input)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		runtime.Out(out, nil)
 		return nil
-	},
+	}
 }
 
-// validateViaResize wires the standalone Validate to resizeInput so both
-// paths (standalone + batch sub-op) emit the same error for missing --type,
-// malformed --range, or --type auto on columns.
+// validateViaResize wires the standalone Validate to resizeToolCall so both
+// forms (uniform + map) are fully validated before execution.
 func validateViaResize(dimension string) func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 	return func(ctx context.Context, runtime *common.RuntimeContext) error {
 		token, err := resolveSpreadsheetToken(runtime)
@@ -311,17 +316,82 @@ func validateViaResize(dimension string) func(ctx context.Context, runtime *comm
 		}
 		sheetID := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("sheet-id"))
 		sheetName := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("sheet-name"))
-		_, err = resizeInput(runtime, token, sheetID, sheetName, dimension)
+		_, _, err = resizeToolCall(runtime, token, sheetID, sheetName, dimension)
 		return err
 	}
 }
 
-// autoSuffix appends " / auto" to the enum hint for rows.
-func autoSuffix(dimension string) string {
-	if dimension == "row" {
-		return " / auto"
+// resizeToolCall picks the input form: map form (--heights/--widths) builds a
+// batch_update of resize_range ops; uniform form builds a single resize_range
+// input. Returns the tool name to invoke alongside its input.
+func resizeToolCall(runtime flagView, token, sheetID, sheetName, dimension string) (string, map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	if runtime.Changed(sizeMapFlag(dimension)) {
+		input, err := resizeMapInput(runtime, token, sheetID, sheetName, dimension)
+		return "batch_update", input, err
 	}
-	return ""
+	input, err := resizeInput(runtime, token, sheetID, sheetName, dimension)
+	return "resize_range", input, err
+}
+
+// nonPixelTypes lists the --type values a given dimension accepts (rows also
+// accept auto; columns only accept standard). Used to shape the hint printed
+// when --type is missing or invalid.
+func nonPixelTypes(dimension string) string {
+	if dimension == "row" {
+		return "standard / auto"
+	}
+	return "standard"
+}
+
+// pixelFlag maps a dimension to its pixel-value flag name (--height for rows,
+// --width for cols). The wire block always emits "pixel" as the mode; the
+// per-dimension flag name is just the surface knob.
+func pixelFlag(dimension string) string {
+	if dimension == "row" {
+		return "height"
+	}
+	return "width"
+}
+
+// sizeMapFlag maps a dimension to its map-form flag name (--heights for rows,
+// --widths for cols).
+func sizeMapFlag(dimension string) string {
+	return pixelFlag(dimension) + "s"
+}
+
+// rejectResizeMapInBatch blocks the map form inside +batch-update sub-ops:
+// it expands into its own batch_update and nesting batch_update is
+// unsupported upstream. Called by the batch dispatch closures only — the
+// standalone path routes the map form through resizeMapInput instead.
+func rejectResizeMapInBatch(fv flagView, dimension string) error {
+	mapFlag := sizeMapFlag(dimension)
+	if !fv.Changed(mapFlag) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return sheetsValidationForFlag(mapFlag,
+		"%q is not supported inside +batch-update (it expands into its own atomic batch); call %s --%s standalone, or give each sub-op the single-range form (range + %s/type)",
+		mapFlag, commandForDimension(dimension), mapFlag, pixelFlag(dimension))
+}
+
+// minSaneColumnWidthPx is the floor below which a column width almost
+// certainly means the caller thought in Excel character units (openpyxl /
+// xlsxwriter widths run 8-30 chars) instead of pixels. 10px columns are
+// unusable; real pixel spacer columns start around 20px.
+const minSaneColumnWidthPx = 20
+
+// checkPixelSize validates a pixel value for one dimension. label names the
+// offending input in the error ("--width" for the uniform flag, "--widths
+// key \"A\"" for a map entry).
+func checkPixelSize(dimension, flagName, label string, px int) error {
+	if px <= 0 {
+		return sheetsValidationForFlag(flagName, "%s must be > 0", label)
+	}
+	if dimension == "column" && px < minSaneColumnWidthPx {
+		return sheetsValidationForFlag(flagName,
+			"%s = %dpx is below %dpx and looks like an Excel character-unit width — column widths here are pixels (px ≈ chars × 8 + 16, so %d chars ≈ %dpx)",
+			label, px, minSaneColumnWidthPx, px, px*8+16)
+	}
+	return nil
 }
 
 // commandForDimension returns the shortcut command name a given dimension
@@ -339,6 +409,11 @@ func commandForDimension(dimension string) string {
 // dimension (row → digits like "2:10" / "5"; column → letters like "A:E" /
 // "C"). Single-element form is expanded to "N:N" because resize_range
 // rejects bare single-element ranges.
+//
+// Surface: pixel size goes through --height / --width (dimension-specific).
+// --type is optional when the pixel flag is present (defaults to "pixel");
+// explicit --type pixel is accepted and equivalent. --type standard / auto
+// select non-pixel modes and cannot be combined with the pixel flag.
 func resizeInput(runtime flagView, token, sheetID, sheetName, dimension string) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
 	if err := requireSheetSelector(sheetID, sheetName); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -361,29 +436,42 @@ func resizeInput(runtime flagView, token, sheetID, sheetName, dimension string)
 	if !strings.Contains(rangeStr, ":") {
 		rangeStr = rangeStr + ":" + rangeStr
 	}
+
+	sizeFlag := pixelFlag(dimension)
+	hasSize := runtime.Changed(sizeFlag)
 	typ := strings.TrimSpace(runtime.Str("type"))
-	if typ == "" {
-		return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag("type", "--type is required (pixel / standard%s)", autoSuffix(dimension))
+	hasType := typ != ""
+
+	if !hasSize && !hasType {
+		return nil, common.ValidationErrorf("give --%s <px> for a pixel size, or --type %s", sizeFlag, nonPixelTypes(dimension)).WithParams(sheetsInvalidParam(sizeFlag, "required"), sheetsInvalidParam("type", "required"))
 	}
-	if dimension == "column" && typ == "auto" {
+	if hasSize && hasType && typ != "pixel" {
+		return nil, common.ValidationErrorf("--%s cannot be combined with --type %s", sizeFlag, typ).WithParams(sheetsInvalidParam(sizeFlag, "mutually exclusive"), sheetsInvalidParam("type", "mutually exclusive"))
+	}
+	if hasType && dimension == "column" && typ == "auto" {
 		return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag("type", "--type auto is rows-only (column widths do not support auto-fit); use +rows-resize")
 	}
-	hasSize := runtime.Changed("size") && runtime.Int("size") > 0
-	if typ == "pixel" && !hasSize {
-		return nil, common.ValidationErrorf("--type pixel requires --size <px>").WithParams(sheetsInvalidParam("type", "required"), sheetsInvalidParam("size", "required"))
+	if hasType && typ == "pixel" && !hasSize {
+		return nil, common.ValidationErrorf("--type pixel requires --%s <px>", sizeFlag).WithParams(sheetsInvalidParam("type", "required"), sheetsInvalidParam(sizeFlag, "required"))
 	}
-	if typ != "pixel" && hasSize {
-		return nil, common.ValidationErrorf("--size is only valid with --type pixel").WithParams(sheetsInvalidParam("size", "mutually exclusive"), sheetsInvalidParam("type", "mutually exclusive"))
+
+	sizeBlock := map[string]interface{}{}
+	if hasSize {
+		px := runtime.Int(sizeFlag)
+		if err := checkPixelSize(dimension, sizeFlag, "--"+sizeFlag, px); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		sizeBlock["type"] = "pixel"
+		sizeBlock["value"] = px
+	} else {
+		sizeBlock["type"] = typ
 	}
+
 	input := map[string]interface{}{
 		"excel_id": token,
 		"range":    rangeStr,
 	}
 	sheetSelectorForToolInput(input, sheetID, sheetName)
-	sizeBlock := map[string]interface{}{"type": typ}
-	if typ == "pixel" {
-		sizeBlock["value"] = runtime.Int("size")
-	}
 	if dimension == "row" {
 		input["resize_height"] = sizeBlock
 	} else {
@@ -392,6 +480,122 @@ func resizeInput(runtime flagView, token, sheetID, sheetName, dimension string)
 	return input, nil
 }
 
+// resizeMapInput builds the batch_update input for the map form: every
+// --heights/--widths entry becomes one resize_range op inside a single atomic
+// batch. Keys are single rows/columns ("5" / "A") or closed ranges ("2:8" /
+// "C:E") matching the command's dimension; values are positive pixel ints or
+// the non-pixel mode strings ("standard", and "auto" for rows). Ops are
+// sorted by start position so dry-run output and execution order are
+// deterministic (JSON object order is not preserved by Go maps).
+func resizeMapInput(runtime flagView, token, sheetID, sheetName, dimension string) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	if err := requireSheetSelector(sheetID, sheetName); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	mapFlag := sizeMapFlag(dimension)
+	for _, other := range []string{"range", pixelFlag(dimension), "type"} {
+		if runtime.Changed(other) {
+			return nil, common.ValidationErrorf("--%s is a self-contained map; do not combine it with --%s", mapFlag, other).WithParams(sheetsInvalidParam(mapFlag, "mutually exclusive"), sheetsInvalidParam(other, "mutually exclusive"))
+		}
+	}
+	parsed, err := parseJSONFlag(runtime, mapFlag)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	entries, ok := parsed.(map[string]interface{})
+	if !ok || parsed == nil {
+		return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag(mapFlag, "--%s must be a JSON object like {\"%s\": 100}", mapFlag, exampleMapKey(dimension))
+	}
+	if len(entries) == 0 {
+		return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag(mapFlag, "--%s must contain at least one entry", mapFlag)
+	}
+
+	type resizeOp struct {
+		start int
+		input map[string]interface{}
+	}
+	ops := make([]resizeOp, 0, len(entries))
+	seen := make(map[string]string, len(entries)) // normalized range → original key
+	for key, raw := range entries {
+		parsedDim, startIdx, _, err := parseA1Range(key)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag(mapFlag, "--%s key %q: %v", mapFlag, key, err)
+		}
+		if parsedDim != dimension {
+			want := "row numbers (e.g. \"2:10\")"
+			if dimension == "column" {
+				want = "column letters (e.g. \"A:E\")"
+			}
+			return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag(mapFlag, "--%s key %q is a %s range; %s expects %s", mapFlag, key, parsedDim, commandForDimension(dimension), want)
+		}
+		normalized := strings.TrimSpace(key)
+		if !strings.Contains(normalized, ":") {
+			normalized = normalized + ":" + normalized
+		}
+		if prev, dup := seen[normalized]; dup {
+			return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag(mapFlag, "--%s keys %q and %q target the same range %s; merge them into one entry", mapFlag, prev, key, normalized)
+		}
+		seen[normalized] = key
+
+		sizeBlock := map[string]interface{}{}
+		switch v := raw.(type) {
+		case float64:
+			px := int(v)
+			if float64(px) != v {
+				return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag(mapFlag, "--%s[%q] must be an integer pixel value, got %v", mapFlag, key, v)
+			}
+			if err := checkPixelSize(dimension, mapFlag, fmt.Sprintf("--%s[%q]", mapFlag, key), px); err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			sizeBlock["type"] = "pixel"
+			sizeBlock["value"] = px
+		case string:
+			mode := strings.TrimSpace(v)
+			if mode == "auto" && dimension == "column" {
+				return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag(mapFlag, "--%s[%q]: \"auto\" is rows-only (column widths do not support auto-fit); estimate a pixel width instead (px ≈ chars × 8 + 16)", mapFlag, key)
+			}
+			if mode != "standard" && !(mode == "auto" && dimension == "row") {
+				return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag(mapFlag, "--%s[%q] = %q is invalid; use a pixel integer or %s", mapFlag, key, v, nonPixelTypes(dimension))
+			}
+			sizeBlock["type"] = mode
+		default:
+			return nil, sheetsValidationForFlag(mapFlag, "--%s[%q] must be a pixel integer or a mode string (%s), got %s", mapFlag, key, nonPixelTypes(dimension), jsonTypeName(raw))
+		}
+
+		opInput := map[string]interface{}{
+			"excel_id": token,
+			"range":    normalized,
+		}
+		sheetSelectorForToolInput(opInput, sheetID, sheetName)
+		if dimension == "row" {
+			opInput["resize_height"] = sizeBlock
+		} else {
+			opInput["resize_width"] = sizeBlock
+		}
+		ops = append(ops, resizeOp{start: startIdx, input: opInput})
+	}
+
+	sort.Slice(ops, func(i, j int) bool { return ops[i].start < ops[j].start })
+	operations := make([]interface{}, 0, len(ops))
+	for _, op := range ops {
+		operations = append(operations, map[string]interface{}{
+			"tool_name": "resize_range",
+			"input":     op.input,
+		})
+	}
+	return map[string]interface{}{
+		"excel_id":   token,
+		"operations": operations,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// exampleMapKey renders a dimension-appropriate sample key for error hints.
+func exampleMapKey(dimension string) string {
+	if dimension == "row" {
+		return "2:10"
+	}
+	return "A"
+}
+
 // ─── transform_range (4 shortcuts) ────────────────────────────────────
 //
 // move / copy take --source-range + --target-range (+ optional cross-sheet

shortcuts/sheets/lark_sheet_range_operations_test.go

@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ func TestRangeOperationsShortcuts_DryRun(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			name:     "+rows-resize --range 1:5 pixel 200",
+			name:     "+rows-resize --range 1:5 --height 200",
 			sc:       RowsResize,
-			args:     []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--range", "1:5", "--type", "pixel", "--size", "200"},
+			args:     []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--range", "1:5", "--height", "200"},
 			toolName: "resize_range",
 			wantInput: map[string]interface{}{
 				"excel_id": testToken,
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ func TestRangeOperationsShortcuts_DryRun(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			name:     "+cols-resize --range B:D standard",
+			name:     "+cols-resize --range B:D --type standard",
 			sc:       ColsResize,
 			args:     []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--range", "B:D", "--type", "standard"},
 			toolName: "resize_range",
@@ -152,9 +152,22 @@ func TestRangeOperationsShortcuts_DryRun(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			name:     "+cols-resize --range A:C pixel 120",
+			name:     "+cols-resize --range A:C --width 120",
 			sc:       ColsResize,
-			args:     []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--range", "A:C", "--type", "pixel", "--size", "120"},
+			args:     []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--range", "A:C", "--width", "120"},
+			toolName: "resize_range",
+			wantInput: map[string]interface{}{
+				"range": "A:C",
+				"resize_width": map[string]interface{}{
+					"type":  "pixel",
+					"value": float64(120),
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "+cols-resize --type pixel with --width 120 (explicit == implicit)",
+			sc:       ColsResize,
+			args:     []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--range", "A:C", "--type", "pixel", "--width", "120"},
 			toolName: "resize_range",
 			wantInput: map[string]interface{}{
 				"range": "A:C",
@@ -296,6 +309,163 @@ func TestRangeSort_RejectsMalformedKeys(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestResize_MapForm covers the --widths/--heights map form: entries fan out
+// into one atomic batch_update of resize_range ops, sorted by start position
+// regardless of JSON key order.
+func TestResize_MapForm(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run("+cols-resize --widths mixes pixels, ranges and standard", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		body := parseDryRunBody(t, ColsResize, []string{
+			"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID,
+			"--widths", `{"G": "standard", "A": 100, "C:E": 120}`,
+		})
+		input := decodeToolInput(t, body, "batch_update")
+		wantOps := []interface{}{
+			map[string]interface{}{"tool_name": "resize_range", "input": map[string]interface{}{
+				"excel_id": testToken, "sheet_id": testSheetID, "range": "A:A",
+				"resize_width": map[string]interface{}{"type": "pixel", "value": float64(100)},
+			}},
+			map[string]interface{}{"tool_name": "resize_range", "input": map[string]interface{}{
+				"excel_id": testToken, "sheet_id": testSheetID, "range": "C:E",
+				"resize_width": map[string]interface{}{"type": "pixel", "value": float64(120)},
+			}},
+			map[string]interface{}{"tool_name": "resize_range", "input": map[string]interface{}{
+				"excel_id": testToken, "sheet_id": testSheetID, "range": "G:G",
+				"resize_width": map[string]interface{}{"type": "standard"},
+			}},
+		}
+		assertInputEquals(t, input, map[string]interface{}{
+			"excel_id":   testToken,
+			"operations": wantOps,
+		})
+	})
+
+	t.Run("+rows-resize --heights mixes pixels, auto and standard", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		body := parseDryRunBody(t, RowsResize, []string{
+			"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID,
+			"--heights", `{"21": "auto", "1": 50, "2:20": 30}`,
+		})
+		input := decodeToolInput(t, body, "batch_update")
+		wantOps := []interface{}{
+			map[string]interface{}{"tool_name": "resize_range", "input": map[string]interface{}{
+				"excel_id": testToken, "sheet_id": testSheetID, "range": "1:1",
+				"resize_height": map[string]interface{}{"type": "pixel", "value": float64(50)},
+			}},
+			map[string]interface{}{"tool_name": "resize_range", "input": map[string]interface{}{
+				"excel_id": testToken, "sheet_id": testSheetID, "range": "2:20",
+				"resize_height": map[string]interface{}{"type": "pixel", "value": float64(30)},
+			}},
+			map[string]interface{}{"tool_name": "resize_range", "input": map[string]interface{}{
+				"excel_id": testToken, "sheet_id": testSheetID, "range": "21:21",
+				"resize_height": map[string]interface{}{"type": "auto"},
+			}},
+		}
+		assertInputEquals(t, input, map[string]interface{}{
+			"excel_id":   testToken,
+			"operations": wantOps,
+		})
+	})
+}
+
+// TestResize_MapFormGuards covers map-form validation: exclusivity with the
+// uniform flags, key/value shape errors, the char-unit width floor, and the
+// +batch-update nesting rejection.
+func TestResize_MapFormGuards(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	cases := []struct {
+		name string
+		sc   common.Shortcut
+		args []string
+		want string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "--widths rejects --range",
+			sc:   ColsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--widths", `{"A": 100}`, "--range", "A:C"},
+			want: "--widths is a self-contained map; do not combine it with --range",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "--widths rejects --width",
+			sc:   ColsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--widths", `{"A": 100}`, "--width", "120"},
+			want: "--widths is a self-contained map; do not combine it with --width",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "--heights rejects --type",
+			sc:   RowsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--heights", `{"1": 50}`, "--type", "auto"},
+			want: "--heights is a self-contained map; do not combine it with --type",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "--widths empty object",
+			sc:   ColsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--widths", `{}`},
+			want: "must contain at least one entry",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "--widths row key on cols command",
+			sc:   ColsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--widths", `{"2:8": 100}`},
+			want: "+cols-resize expects column letters",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "--heights column key on rows command",
+			sc:   RowsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--heights", `{"A": 50}`},
+			want: "+rows-resize expects row numbers",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "--widths duplicate keys A and A:A",
+			sc:   ColsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--widths", `{"A": 100, "A:A": 120}`},
+			want: "target the same range A:A",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "--widths char-unit width rejected with conversion hint",
+			sc:   ColsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--widths", `{"A": 10}`},
+			want: "looks like an Excel character-unit width",
+		},
+		{
+			// The embedded schema (enum ["standard"]) rejects "auto" before the
+			// Go-level rows-only hint; the error steers to --print-schema whose
+			// description explains columns don't support auto.
+			name: "--widths rejects auto (rows-only) via schema",
+			sc:   ColsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--widths", `{"A": "auto"}`},
+			want: "does not match any of oneOf alternatives",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "--heights rejects unknown mode string via schema",
+			sc:   RowsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--heights", `{"1": "fit"}`},
+			want: "does not match any of oneOf alternatives",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "--heights rejects boolean value via schema",
+			sc:   RowsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--heights", `{"1": true}`},
+			want: "does not match any of oneOf alternatives",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "--widths bad key syntax",
+			sc:   ColsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--widths", `{"A1:B2": 100}`},
+			want: "expected pure digits (row number) or letters",
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range cases {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			_, _, err := runShortcutCapturingErr(t, tt.sc, append(tt.args, "--dry-run"))
+			requireValidation(t, err, tt.want)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestResize_TypeAndSizeGuards(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	cases := []struct {
@@ -305,22 +475,58 @@ func TestResize_TypeAndSizeGuards(t *testing.T) {
 		want string
 	}{
 		{
-			name: "+rows-resize --type pixel without --size",
+			name: "+rows-resize missing both --height and --type",
 			sc:   RowsResize,
-			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--range", "1:5", "--type", "pixel"},
-			want: "--type pixel requires --size",
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--range", "1:5"},
+			want: "give --height <px> for a pixel size, or --type standard / auto",
 		},
 		{
-			name: "+rows-resize --type standard with --size",
+			name: "+cols-resize missing both --width and --type",
+			sc:   ColsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--range", "A:C"},
+			want: "give --width <px> for a pixel size, or --type standard",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "+rows-resize --height rejects --type standard",
 			sc:   RowsResize,
-			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--range", "1:5", "--type", "standard", "--size", "30"},
-			want: "--size is only valid with --type pixel",
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--range", "1:5", "--height", "30", "--type", "standard"},
+			want: "--height cannot be combined with --type standard",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "+cols-resize --width rejects --type standard",
+			sc:   ColsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--range", "A:C", "--width", "120", "--type", "standard"},
+			want: "--width cannot be combined with --type standard",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "+rows-resize --type pixel without --height",
+			sc:   RowsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--range", "1:5", "--type", "pixel"},
+			want: "--type pixel requires --height",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "+cols-resize --type pixel without --width",
+			sc:   ColsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--range", "A:C", "--type", "pixel"},
+			want: "--type pixel requires --width",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "+rows-resize --height must be positive",
+			sc:   RowsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--range", "1:5", "--height", "0"},
+			want: "--height must be > 0",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "+cols-resize --width below 20px rejected with char-unit hint",
+			sc:   ColsResize,
+			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--range", "A:C", "--width", "12"},
+			want: "looks like an Excel character-unit width",
 		},
 		{
 			name: "+cols-resize rejects --type auto",
 			sc:   ColsResize,
 			args: []string{"--url", testURL, "--sheet-id", testSheetID, "--range", "A:C", "--type", "auto"},
-			want: "auto", // cobra Enum gate kicks first with "valid values are: pixel, standard"
+			want: "auto", // cobra Enum gate kicks first with "valid values are: standard"
 		},
 		{
 			name: "+rows-resize given column range",